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50-539: The airbase was set up in 1926 as the 4th Air Corps at the old base of Jämtland Ranger Regiment at Frösö läger (Frösö camp). The main task was to perform reconnaissance for army units. In 1930, the duties were extended to bombing with B 4 and later B 5 planes. In 1936, the Flying Corps was reorganized as an own branch (the Air Force) and the unit was renamed Jämtlands Flygflottilj (Jämtland Wing). In 1947,

100-828: A Swedish volunteer squadron, designated F19, fighting on the Finnish side. Though obsolete compared to the United Kingdom's opposition at the start of the Second World War , the Hart continued in service, mainly performing in the communications and training roles until being declared obsolete in 1943. The Hart proved to be a successful export, seeing service with the Royal Egyptian Air Force , Royal Indian Air Force , South African Air Force , Estonian Air Force , Southern Rhodesia , Sweden (where it

150-538: A fighter version of the Hart was suggested, the Air Ministry selected the type as an interim fighter until higher-performance fighters could be bought in larger numbers. The new fighter variant added a second Vickers machine gun, while the coaming of the rear cockpit was angled to give a better field of fire, and a supercharged Kestrel IS engine was fitted. Evaluation of an initial batch of six aircraft, known as Hart Fighters by one flight of 23 Squadron during 1931

200-665: A further two British-based Hart light bomber squadrons forming during 1931. Harts were deployed to the Middle East during the Abyssinia Crisis of 1935–1936. The Hart saw extensive and successful service on the North-West Frontier , British India during the inter-war period. Four Hawker Harts from the Swedish Air Force saw action as dive bombers during the 1939–1940 Winter War as part of

250-411: A fuselage structure of steel-tube covered by aluminium panels and fabric, with the wings having steel spars and duralumin ribs , covered in fabric. The crew of two sat in individual tandem cockpits, with the pilot sitting under the wing trailing edge, and operating a single .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun mounted on the port side of the cockpit. The observer sat behind the pilot, and

300-571: A hook to pick up messages. It was armed with a single Scarff ring -mounted .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun and a fixed forward-firing .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun and was powered by a version of the Kestrel engine and had a maximum speed of 170 mph (274 km/h). A number of variants of the Audax were produced, including the Audax India , a tropicalised version of

350-493: A number of foreign nations, including Sweden, Yugoslavia , Estonia , South Africa , and Canada. In 1926, the Air Ministry stated a requirement for a two-seat high-performance light day-bomber, to be of all-metal construction and with a maximum speed of 160 mph (258 km/h). Designs were tendered by Hawker , Avro and de Havilland . Fairey , who had sold a squadron's worth of its wooden Fox bomber in 1925,

400-622: A single Rolls-Royce Kestrel II engine, and had a max speed of 168 mph (270 km/h). Its armament consisted of a single forward .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun and one .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun. The Osprey joined the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) in 1932, with 103 being built, and ended its career in 1944 after serving as a trainer for FAA pilots during the Second World War. By December 1936, Ospreys were being deployed by 701 Squadron based at RAF Kalafrana in

450-535: A successful one with a number of derivatives, including the Hawker Hind and Hector . There were a number of Hart variants, though only slight alterations were made to the design. The Hart India was a tropical version, the Hart Special was a tropical Hawker Audax , a Hart variant with desert equipment; a specialised Hart Trainer was also built which dispensed with the gunner's ring. Vickers built 114 of

500-600: A vertical dive. The competition culminated in the choice of the Hawker Hart in April 1929. The de Havilland Hound was rejected due to handling problems during landing and because of its part-wooden primary structure. While the Avro Antelope demonstrated similar performance and good handling, the Hart was preferred as it was far cheaper to maintain, a vital aspect to a programme during defence budget constraints that

550-469: A white elk passant, attacked on its back by a rising falcon and in the front by a rampant dog, both yellow; all animals armed red. In the second corner the provincial badge of Hälsingland ; a yellow buck rampant, armed and langued red (a legacy from the former Hälsinge Wing , F 15). "Fjärde flygkårens marsch" was composed by the Verner Lindström, music director at Jämtland Ranger Regiment . It

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600-478: Is OF 3. Promotion of a major to lieutenant colonel may take place when the major has completed the applicable promotion training with approved results. Responsible head of promotion to major is the unit commander. In the case of reserve officers, promotion of a captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. Promotion to positions higher than major may take place after placement until further notice in

650-600: Is a field grade military officer rank in the Swedish Armed Forces , above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel . It is equivalent to the naval rank of lieutenant commander in the Swedish Navy . The rank of major was introduced in the middle of the 16th century in the Spanish and German armies, and its holders were assigned to the regimental commander. After the introduction of

700-510: The Jämtlands flygflottiljs (F 4) minnesmedalj ("Jämtland Wing (F 4) Commemorative Medal") in silver (JämtlffljMSM) of the 8th size was established. The medal ribbon is of blue moiré with broad yellow edges and a green line on the middle followed on both sides by a white stripe. A miniature of the coat of arms of the wing is attached to the ribbon. From 1926 to 1936, the commanding officers was referred to as kårchef ("corps commander") and had

750-493: The rangers ' old camp below Frösö Church on Frösön outside Östersund . The wing had a runway in the north-west-southeast direction. The first coat of arms of the Jämtland Wing was used from 1944 to 1994. Blazon : "Azure, the provincial badge of Jämtland, an elk passant argent, attacked on the back by a rising falcon and in the front by a rampant dog both or; all animals armed and langued gules." The second coat of arms

800-458: The 3rd major added later in several regiments, the major had company commanders position until the 1833 pay regulation. All the regimental officers, with the exception of the regimental commander, were then called majors (1st, 2nd and 3rd major), of whom the 1st major usually had the rank of lieutenant colonel. The 2nd and 3rd major were changed to major in 1875, at the same time as the positions of lieutenant colonel and 1st major were firmly united in

850-782: The 962 built in the United Kingdom, Hawker produced 234, Armstrong Whitworth 456, Gloster 46, Vickers 226 and 42 were produced in Sweden under licence by ASJA who built 18, Götaverken who built three and the Central Workshops of the Air Force (CVM) who built 21. 1004 Harts were produced. The Hart entered service with No. 33 Squadron RAF in February 1930, replacing the larger and slower Hawker Horsley . No. 12 Squadron replaced its Foxes with Harts in January 1931, with

900-1132: The Audax for service in India and the Audax Singapore for service there. Other air forces which also used the Audax included the Royal Canadian Air Force , the Royal Indian Air Force , the South African Air Force , the Royal Egyptian Air Force , the Royal Iraqi Air Force , the Imperial Iranian Air Force , the Straits Settlements and the Southern Rhodesian Air Force . During the Second World War

950-900: The Audax saw limited service in Africa on the Kenya – Abyssinia border during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War . The Audax also saw service in Iraq, at RAF Habbaniya , west of Baghdad , after the uprising there, during the Anglo-Iraqi War . In the days leading up to that battle crews began to upgrade the Audaxes stationed there, despite having received orders forbidding such actions. They fitted some to carry 250 lb (113 kg) bombs instead of 20 lb (9 kg) bombs. The Audax ended its service by 1945. A derivative of

1000-801: The Audax, the Hawker Hartebeest , a light bomber, was built for the South African Air Force with modifications made from the Audax. Sixty-nine of these aircraft were built, the majority in South Africa. The aircraft saw action in East Africa during clashes against Italy who occupied Abyssinia. A.V. Roe built 287 Audaxes as part of the RAF expansion scheme during 1935–1937. These did not warrant an Avro type number but between 1937 and 1938, Avro built 24 modernised Audaxes for

1050-477: The British armed forces faced during the 1920s. The Fairey Fox IIM (which despite the name was a new aircraft), delayed by Fairey's late start on the design compared to the other competitors, only flew for the first time on 25 October 1929, long after the Hart had been selected. A total of 992 aircraft were built as Harts. It became the most widely used light bomber of its time and the design would prove to be

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1100-514: The Egyptian government, powered by 750 hp (560 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Panther VIA radials. Acknowledging the amount of redesign work done, these were designated the Avro Type 674 . Audax I Audax (India) Audax (Singapore) Canadian Audax Egyptian Audax Iraqi Audax (Nisr) Persian Audax Hartebeest Hartebeest I The Hawker Demon was a fighter variant of

1150-540: The Hart light bomber. During air defence exercises the RAF's Siskins and Bulldogs were often unable to intercept the new Hart bombers, which were sometimes instructed to restrict their height and speed in order to give the fighters a chance, which prompted the development of a fighter variant of the Hart. While the Hawker Fury offered better performance, lower production volumes made it more expensive and therefore it remained available only in small numbers, so when

1200-596: The Hart one of the most effective biplane bombers ever produced for the Royal Air Force. In particular, it was faster than the Bristol Bulldog , which had recently entered service as the RAF's front line fighter. This disparity in performance led the RAF to gradually replace the Bulldog with the Hawker Fury . Demand was such that production was spread out among a wide selection of aircraft companies. Of

1250-517: The King Gustaf V . Blazon : "On blue cloth in the centre the badge of the Air Force; a winged two-bladed propeller under a royal crown proper, all or. In the first corner the provincial badge of Jämtland ; an elk passant, attacked on its back by a rising falcon and in the front by a rampant dog, all or. This colour was transferred to the Statens försvarshistoriska museer. The units last colour

1300-555: The aircraft had not been designed for that purpose. However, the Swedish pilots proved that the aircraft was up to the task and dispelled their concerns. The Hawker Audax was a Hart variant, designed for army cooperation, seeing much service in the British Empire . The first Audax flew in late 1931 and over 700 Audaxes were produced (including export). The Audax was similar to the Hart, though had some modifications, including

1350-663: The anti-submarine and anti-piracy role. The Osprey was also sold to the Swedish Air Force being used on the seaplane cruiser HSwMS  Gotland , which carried six Ospreys. Ospreys were also sold to the Portuguese Naval Aviation and the Spanish Republican Air Force . Data from The British Bomber since 1914 . General characteristics Performance Armament Related development Related lists Major (Sweden) Major (Maj) ( Swedish : Major , Mj)

1400-401: The battalion division, the major was eventually given command of a battalion in all armies, as was the lieutenant colonel. After the division of the regiment was established in Sweden in 1634, each regiment with regimental officers had a colonel (regimental commander), a lieutenant colonel and a major, of whom the latter often commanded the colonel's battalion. Like the 2nd major added in 1757 and

1450-426: The commanding officer was again referred to as flottiljchef ("wing commander"), and had the rank of colonel. In order to relieve the sector wing commander, a deputy sector wing commander position was added in 1980. Its task was to lead the unit procurement, a task largely similar to the old wing commander position. Hence he was also referred to as flottiljchef ("wing commander"). The deputy sector wing commander had

1500-459: The first production aircraft were delivered to 30 Squadron in January 1935. The Hardy saw some service during the Second World War, in Africa and the Middle East; the Hardys performing a number of operations against Italian-occupied Abyssinia as well as other areas of Africa. The Hardy also saw service with Southern Rhodesia . The last operational sortie by a Hardy was on 9 May 1941 and most of

1550-639: The infantry and cavalry; the term 1st major was removed in 1901. Major has also existed as a rank in the Swedish Navy. During the 17th century, it appeared as a designation for the lowest flag officer rank in the navy. The major acts as a commander or deputy battalion commander both in the war organization or in basic training. In staff service, the major works as a section head, head of function or qualified administrator. The major can also serve at schools in various management, teacher and staff positions. The depth of competence can vary depending on time in

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1600-417: The latter model at Weybridge between 1931 and June 1936. The production Hart day bomber had a 525 hp (390 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel IB 12-cylinder V-type engine; a speed of 184 mph (296 km/h) and a range of 470 mi (757 km). It was faster than most contemporary fighters, an astonishing achievement considering it was a light bomber. It also enjoyed excellent manoeuvrability, making

1650-551: The nose. Many were fitted with a hydraulically-powered turret in the rear gunner's position, which had been tested on the Hawker Hart. Demons were also sold to the Royal Australian Air Force . It saw only second-line operations during the Second World War. Production of the Demon was undertaken by Hawker and by Boulton Paul Aircraft at their Wolverhampton factory, where their last example of 106 to be completed

1700-547: The position and other abilities. The lower level refers to the start of the position. According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in the Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held

1750-496: The rank for at least two years). Promotion of a captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. After completing a tactical staff course at the Swedish Defence University , a captain who is OFSK may only be promoted to major if the position is within the functional area where the captain's special competence is and the position's rank code

1800-422: The rank of major . When the wing organization was introduced in 1936, the commanding officer was referred to as flottiljchef ("wing commander"), and had the rank of lieutenant colonel . At the end of the 1940s, the wing commander got the rank of colonel . From 1980 to 1994, the wing commander was referred to as sektorflottiljchef ("sector wing commander") and had the rank of senior colonel . From 1994 to 2006,

1850-518: The rank of colonel. On 30 June 1994, the deputy sector wing commander position was terminated. 63°11′24″N 14°29′42″E  /  63.1900°N 14.4950°E  / 63.1900; 14.4950 Hawker Hart The Hawker Hart is a British two-seater biplane light bomber aircraft that saw service with the Royal Air Force (RAF). It was designed during the 1920s by Sydney Camm and manufactured by Hawker Aircraft . The Hart

1900-531: The survivors were scrapped, although some continued in service as communications aircraft. On 14 May 1941, the Belgian Colonial authorities obtained a Hawker Hardy from the South African Air Force. Painted in Belgian colours, the machine was used for observation missions, but unfortunately overturned while landing at Gambela airfield on 26 May 1941, effectively writing off the aircraft. The Hawker Hind

1950-467: The wing was yet again redesigned as a fighter wing and received surplus P-51 Mustangs designated as J 26. These were only kept for five years until they were replaced by J 28A jets in 1952. Again, after only four years, they were in turn replaced by J 29A in 1956. In 1967, the J 32B entered service at the wing only to be replaced again in 1969 by J 35D . These served until 1984 when the Saab 37 Viggen

2000-460: Was a derivative of the Hart and was intended to replace it. The Hawker Hector was a variant of the Hind and was used in the army co-operation role. It saw only limited service during the Second World War with the Royal Air Force. Hectors were also sold to Ireland. The Hawker Osprey was the navalised carrier-borne version of the Hart, performing in the fighter and reconnaissance roles. The Osprey had

2050-468: Was a prominent British aircraft in the inter-war period, but was obsolete and already side-lined for newer monoplane aircraft designs by the start of the Second World War, playing only minor roles in the conflict before being retired. Several major variants of the Hart were developed, including a navalised version for the Royal Navy 's aircraft carriers . Beyond Britain, the Hart would be operated by

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2100-636: Was armed with a single Lewis gun on a ring mount, while for bomb-aiming, he lay prone under the pilot's seat. Up to 520 pounds (240 kg) of bombs could be carried under the aircraft's wings. The prototype Hart, serial J9052, first flew in June 1928, being delivered to the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment at RAF Martlesham Heath on 8 September. It demonstrated good performance and handling, reaching 176 mph (283 km/h) in level flight and 282 miles per hour (454 km/h) in

2150-519: Was delivered to the RAF in December 1937. The Hawker Hardy was a general-purpose variant of the Hawker Hart tropicalised to meet Air Ministry Specification G.23/33 as a Wapiti replacement in Iraq. The prototype was a production Hart which was modified with a modified radiator, a message pick-up hook, water containers and a desert survival kit. The prototype first flew on 7 September 1934, and

2200-628: Was designated B4) and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia . The Rhodesian Hardys saw service on the Allied side during the opening moves of the East African theatre of World War II. Swedish Air Force General Björn Bjuggren wrote in his memoirs how his squadron developed dive-bombing techniques in the mid-1930s for their B4s. When the Hawker engineers found out, they issued a formal objection, saying that

2250-516: Was introduced as served the wing for 20 years. Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven famously served as a Munitions Systems specialist Conscript with the F 4 Wing for the duration of his 1-year compulsory military service in 1976-77. The JAS 39 Gripen served briefly for only a year as a replacement for the Viggens until the wing was decommissioned in 2005. The airfield is known today as Åre Östersund Airport ( IATA : OSD , ICAO : ESNZ ). In

2300-584: Was not at first invited to tender to the specification, and was sent a copy of the specification only after protesting to the Chief of the Air Staff , Hugh Trenchard . Hawker's design was a single-bay biplane powered by a Rolls-Royce F.XI water-cooled V12 engine (the engine that later became known as the Rolls-Royce Kestrel). It had, as the specification required, a metal structure, with

2350-413: Was originally established on 1 December 1972 by the Chief of the Air Force . In 1999, the Jämtlands flygflottiljs (F 4) förtjänstmedalj ("Jämtland Wing (F 4) Medal of Merit") in gold and silver (JämtlffljGM/SM) of the 8th size and oval in shape, was established. The medal ribbon is of blue moiré with broad yellow edges and a green line on the middle followed on each side by a white stripe. In 2005,

2400-497: Was presented to the wing at Frösö by His Majesty the King Carl XVI Gustaf on 2 September 2001. The colour is drawn by Kristina Holmgård-Åkerberg and embroidered by machine and hand in insertion technique by the company Libraria. Blazon: "On blue cloth in the centre the badge of the Air Force; a winged two-bladed propeller under a royal crown proper, all in yellow. In the first corner the provincial badge of Jämtland ;

2450-477: Was successful, and larger orders followed for the fighter Hart, now known as the Hawker Demon. The production Demon's first flight was on 10 February 1933. 305 Hawker Demons were built, including 232 for the RAF. The Demon was powered by versions of the Kestrel engine. It had an armament of a single rear .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis Gun with two fixed .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine guns in

2500-404: Was used from 1994 to 2004. Blazon: "Azure, the provincial badge of Jämtland, an elk passant argent, attacked on the back by a rising falcon and in the front by a rampant dog both or; all animals armed and langued gules, a chief azure over a string or, charged with a winged two-bladed propeller or." The units first colour was presented to the wing on 6 June 1939 at F 8 at Barkarby by His Majesty

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