Original: Android 7.1.1 "Nougat"
78-449: The first-generation Oculus Quest is a discontinued virtual reality headset developed by Oculus (now Reality Labs ), a brand of Facebook Inc. , and released on May 21, 2019. Similar to its predecessor, Oculus Go , it is a standalone device, that can run games and software wirelessly under an Android -based operating system. It supports positional tracking with six degrees of freedom , using internal sensors and an array of cameras in
156-500: A Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 system-on-chip (SoC) with 4 GB of RAM. Three of the four 2.3 GHz CPU cores of the chip are reserved for software, while the remaining core and its four lower-power cores are reserved for motion tracking and other background functions. It runs operating system software based on Android Open Source Project (AOSP) source code, with modifications to enhance performance in VR applications. A smartphone running
234-449: A microphone array to enable use of Acoustic SLAM, so that DoA features are properly estimated. Acoustic SLAM has paved foundations for further studies in acoustic scene mapping, and can play an important role in human-robot interaction through speech. To map multiple, and occasionally intermittent sound sources, an acoustic SLAM system uses foundations in random finite set theory to handle the varying presence of acoustic landmarks. However,
312-468: A sensor fusion algorithm to merge the data from the IMU and any other tracking sources, typically either one or more external sensors, or " inside-out" tracking using outward facing cameras embedded in the headset. The sensor fusion algorithms that are used are often variants of a Kalman filter . VR headsets can support motion controllers , which similarly combine inputs from accelerometers and gyroscopes with
390-462: A SLAM perspective, these may be viewed as location sensors which likelihoods are so sharp that they completely dominate the inference. However, GPS sensors may occasionally decline or go down entirely, e.g. during times of military conflict, which are of particular interest to some robotics applications. The P ( x t | x t − 1 ) {\displaystyle P(x_{t}|x_{t-1})} term represents
468-519: A Valve engineer, the ideal latency would be 7-15 milliseconds . The graphics processing unit (GPU) also needs to be powerful enough to render the required amount of frames. Oculus cited the limited processing power of Xbox One and PlayStation 4 as the reason why they targeted the PC gaming market with their first devices. Foveated rendering is a new technique to reduce the rendering workload. It uses eye tracking hardware to determine at what point
546-559: A feature from the Quest 2 that allows Link to be used over a local Wi-Fi connection, was coming soon to the original Quest. Scott Stein of CNET considered the Quest to be "improbably amazing for its size and $ 399 price tag", and compared it to Nintendo Switch in terms of convenience. Stein praised its camera system and motion controls, and its graphics quality for being nearer to PC-quality than Oculus Go (albeit still limited in detail due to its use of mobile computing hardware). The Quest
624-440: A map with the location and heading of the robot as some cloud of probability. Mapping is the final depicting of such model, the map is either such depiction or the abstract term for the model. For 2D robots, the kinematics are usually given by a mixture of rotation and "move forward" commands, which are implemented with additional motor noise. Unfortunately the distribution formed by independent noise in angular and linear directions
702-442: A method of environment representation which capture the connectivity (i.e., topology) of the environment rather than creating a geometrically accurate map. Topological SLAM approaches have been used to enforce global consistency in metric SLAM algorithms. In contrast, grid maps use arrays (typically square or hexagonal) of discretized cells to represent a topological world, and make inferences about which cells are occupied. Typically
780-418: A particularly useful tool for training military personnel without putting them in harm's way. The virtual reality headset allows military personnel to interact with virtual reality people to make it feel real. They can talk to one another and do varying actions to make the virtual reality world feel like they are actually in the real world. There are also disadvantages and advantages when military personnel use
858-406: A pre-screening of their concepts to demonstrate "quality and probable market success". In 2021, Facebook introduced "App Lab", a new section within the storefront allowing developers to upload and distribute Quest apps without going through the formal review process. App Lab is designed primarily to support early access models, and can support public and invite-based distribution. Facebook launched
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#1732765112595936-478: A real headset, mounted in a risk-free environment. Besides training purposes, augmented reality headsets are also already being used for image-guided surgery . VR headset mounted smartphones have been used to capture high-quality videos and images of the retina for documenting peripheral retinal lesions. Virtual reality headsets have been used by the United States Armed Forces . It is
1014-477: A safety feature known as "Passthrough", which displays a grayscale view from the cameras when the player exits their defined playing area. At Oculus Connect 6, it was announced that the feature would be upgraded to "Passthrough+" as on the Oculus Rift S (which also uses Insight), making it stereoscopic and stereo-correct. A "Passthrough on Demand" feature was added in Quest system software version 15, allowing
1092-487: A set which encloses the pose of the robot and a set approximation of the map. Bundle adjustment , and more generally maximum a posteriori estimation (MAP), is another popular technique for SLAM using image data, which jointly estimates poses and landmark positions, increasing map fidelity, and is used in commercialized SLAM systems such as Google's ARCore which replaces their prior augmented reality computing platform named Tango, formerly Project Tango . MAP estimators compute
1170-596: A similar way to the agent itself. Loop closure is the problem of recognizing a previously-visited location and updating beliefs accordingly. This can be a problem because model or algorithm errors can assign low priors to the location. Typical loop closure methods apply a second algorithm to compute some type of sensor measure similarity, and reset the location priors when a match is detected. For example, this can be done by storing and comparing bag of words vectors of scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) features from each previously visited location. Active SLAM studies
1248-458: A single display across a wide field of view (up to 110° for some devices according to manufacturers), the magnification factor makes flaws in display technology much more apparent. One issue is the so-called screen-door effect , where the gaps between rows and columns of pixels become visible, kind of like looking through a screen door . This was especially noticeable in earlier prototypes and development kits, which had lower resolutions than
1326-659: A smartphone with a gyroscope), such as cardboard (hence the naming). Samsung Electronics partnered with Oculus VR to co-develop the Samsung Gear VR (which is only compatible with some Samsung Galaxy devices). LG Electronics developed a headset with dedicated displays for its LG G5 smartphone known as LG 360 VR. In March 2017, Microsoft launched a platform for VR and mixed reality headsets running on Windows 10 known as Windows Mixed Reality , with VR headsets from multiple partners including PC makers Acer , Dell , HP Inc. , and Lenovo . In 2018, Oculus released
1404-477: A transition function P ( x t | x t − 1 ) {\displaystyle P(x_{t}|x_{t-1})} , Similarly the map can be updated sequentially by Like many inference problems, the solutions to inferring the two variables together can be found, to a local optimum solution, by alternating updates of the two beliefs in a form of an expectation–maximization algorithm . Statistical techniques used to approximate
1482-430: A tribute to erratic wireless measures. A kind of SLAM for human pedestrians uses a shoe mounted inertial measurement unit as the main sensor and relies on the fact that pedestrians are able to avoid walls to automatically build floor plans of buildings by an indoor positioning system . For some outdoor applications, the need for SLAM has been almost entirely removed due to high precision differential GPS sensors. From
1560-449: Is a head-mounted device that uses 3D near-eye displays and positional tracking to provide a virtual reality environment for the user. VR headsets are widely used with VR video games , but they are also used in other applications, including simulators and trainers. VR headsets typically include a stereoscopic display (providing separate images for each eye), stereo sound, and sensors like accelerometers and gyroscopes for tracking
1638-524: Is a class of algorithms which uses the extended Kalman filter (EKF) for SLAM. Typically, EKF SLAM algorithms are feature based, and use the maximum likelihood algorithm for data association. In the 1990s and 2000s, EKF SLAM had been the de facto method for SLAM, until the introduction of FastSLAM . Associated with the EKF is the gaussian noise assumption, which significantly impairs EKF SLAM's ability to deal with uncertainty. With greater amount of uncertainty in
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#17327651125951716-436: Is non-Gaussian, but is often approximated by a Gaussian. An alternative approach is to ignore the kinematic term and read odometry data from robot wheels after each command—such data may then be treated as one of the sensors rather than as kinematics. Non-static environments, such as those containing other vehicles or pedestrians, continue to present research challenges. SLAM with DATMO is a model which tracks moving objects in
1794-716: Is the computational problem of constructing or updating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously keeping track of an agent 's location within it. While this initially appears to be a chicken or the egg problem, there are several algorithms known to solve it in, at least approximately, tractable time for certain environments. Popular approximate solution methods include the particle filter , extended Kalman filter , covariance intersection, and GraphSLAM. SLAM algorithms are based on concepts in computational geometry and computer vision , and are used in robot navigation , robotic mapping and odometry for virtual reality or augmented reality . SLAM algorithms are tailored to
1872-579: Is valuable to use low-power, lightweight equipment such as monocular cameras, or microelectronic microphone arrays. Audio-Visual SLAM can also allow for complimentary function of such sensors, by compensating the narrow field-of-view, feature occlusions, and optical degradations common to lightweight visual sensors with the full field-of-view, and unobstructed feature representations inherent to audio sensors. The susceptibility of audio sensors to reverberation, sound source inactivity, and noise can also be accordingly compensated through fusion of landmark beliefs from
1950-547: The Forte VFX1 , was announced at CES in 1994. The VFX-1 has stereoscopic displays, 3-axis head-tracking, and stereo headphones. Sony released the Glasstron in 1997, which has an optional positional sensor, allowing the wearer to view the surroundings, with the perspective moving as the user's head moves, giving a deep sense of immersion. These VR headsets gave MechWarrior 2 players a new visual perspective of seeing
2028-543: The Oculus Go , a standalone headset running capable of running VR apps on embedded mobile computing hardware, thus not needing a PC or an inserted smartphone to operate. In June 2019, Valve released their own in-house SteamVR headset, the Valve Index . In an October 2019 report, Sony, Facebook (Oculus), and HTC were identified by Trend Force as the three largest manufacturers of VR hardware. 2019 saw Facebook release
2106-513: The Valve Index "works as a perfectly good standalone wireless VR headset". VentureBeat felt that Oculus was likely "setting the stage" for discontinuing the Rift line in favor of Quest, arguing "if Link performs as expected, most users will have little to no idea of what they're missing — Rift S' extra camera, FPS, and resolution differences won't matter much." Two weeks after launch, Oculus announced that it had sold $ 5 million worth of content for
2184-612: The Vive , which focuses on "room-scale" VR environments that users can naturally navigate within and interact with. The headset uses Valve's " SteamVR " software platform. The Vive was released in April 2016 and PlayStation VR in October 2016. Google released a series of specifications and associated DIY kits for virtual reality viewers known as Google Cardboard ; these viewers are capable of being constructed using low-cost materials (and
2262-481: The hippocampus appears to be involved in SLAM-like computations, giving rise to place cells , and has formed the basis for bio-inspired SLAM systems such as RatSLAM. Collaborative SLAM combines sensors from multiple robots or users to generate 3D maps. This capability was demonstrated by a number of teams in the 2021 DARPA Subterranean Challenge . An extension of the common SLAM problem has been applied to
2340-607: The pose of the user's head to match the orientation of the virtual camera with the user's eye positions in the real world. AR headsets are similar to VR headsets, but AR headsets enable the user to see and interact with the outside world. Examples of AR headsets include the Apple Vision Pro and Meta Quest 3. VR headsets typically use at least one MEMS IMU for three degrees of freedom (3DOF) motion tracking, and optionally more tracking technology for six degrees of freedom (6DOF) motion tracking. 6DOF devices typically use
2418-547: The 128 GB version. A successor model, the Oculus Quest 2 , was announced on September 16, 2020. It was released on October 13 starting at $ 299 for the 64GB version and $ 399 for the 128 GB version. Software support for the first-generation Quest began to be phased out in 2023, with support for certain social features ending in March 2023, and updates limited to maintenance and security patches until 2024. The Oculus Quest uses
Oculus Quest - Misplaced Pages Continue
2496-553: The Oculus Go, which used a limited handheld remote that only supported limited motion tracking, the Quest supports positional tracking with six degrees of freedom (compared to the Go's three). Rather than use external sensor cameras in the play area to spatially track the headset and controllers (as was the case with the original Oculus Rift CV1 ), Oculus Quest utilizes an "inside-out" tracking system known as "Oculus Insight". Based on
2574-507: The Oculus Link feature, Facebook released an official 5 m (16 ft)-long USB-C cable designed for use with the feature. The cable is fiber optic , as the reliability of non-powered USB cables with copper-based wires diminishes at 10 feet (3.0 m). Facebook enforces stricter content and quality standards for software distributed on Oculus Quest in comparison to Oculus Go and Gear VR, including requiring developers to undergo
2652-519: The Oculus Quest. At Oculus Connect 6, it was announced that the Quest had created over 20% of the generated revenue from all platforms at Oculus, totaling at $ 20 million. It was also reported during the same event that the Quest has by far the highest retention rate of all their headsets. 317,000 units were sold over the 4th quarter of 2019, and was sold out at times. Virtual reality headset A virtual reality headset (or VR headset )
2730-579: The Oculus app is required in order to conduct first-time setup. A diamond Pentile OLED display is used for each eye, with an individual resolution of 1440 × 1600 and a refresh rate of 72 Hz. The headset uses the "next generation" lens technology originally introduced in Oculus Go, which helps to enlarge the sweet spot of the lens. Visual artifacts such as God rays are less prominent but still visible in scenes with high contrast. It also features physical interpupillary distance (IPD) adjustment. Unlike
2808-440: The Quest still included a physical IPD slider unlike the Rift S. In May 2020, The Verge acknowledged that the Quest had improved since its launch to become "the closest thing that exists to a sleek, almost mainstream VR headset", citing an expanding software library, and the ability to use the headset with a PC over USB via the Oculus Link feature (and over Wi-Fi using the sideloaded third-party software Virtual Desktop , which
2886-468: The Quest would likely supplant the PC-only Rift headsets moving forward. A successor, the Oculus Quest 2 , was released in 2020. At Oculus Connect 3 in 2016, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg revealed that Oculus was working on a standalone virtual reality headset codenamed "Santa Cruz". At Oculus Connect 4 the following year, it was announced that Oculus planned to issue software development kits for
2964-454: The SLAM problem is to compute an estimate of the agent's state x t {\displaystyle x_{t}} and a map of the environment m t {\displaystyle m_{t}} . All quantities are usually probabilistic, so the objective is to compute Applying Bayes' rule gives a framework for sequentially updating the location posteriors, given a map and
3042-703: The above equations include Kalman filters and particle filters (the algorithm behind Monte Carlo Localization). They provide an estimation of the posterior probability distribution for the pose of the robot and for the parameters of the map. Methods which conservatively approximate the above model using covariance intersection are able to avoid reliance on statistical independence assumptions to reduce algorithmic complexity for large-scale applications. Other approximation methods achieve improved computational efficiency by using simple bounded-region representations of uncertainty. Set-membership techniques are mainly based on interval constraint propagation . They provide
3120-433: The acoustic domain, where environments are represented by the three-dimensional (3D) position of sound sources, termed aSLAM ( A coustic S imultaneous L ocalization and M apping). Early implementations of this technique have used direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimates of the sound source location, and rely on principal techniques of sound localization to determine source locations. An observer, or robot must be equipped with
3198-533: The available resources and are not aimed at perfection but at operational compliance. Published approaches are employed in self-driving cars , unmanned aerial vehicles , autonomous underwater vehicles , planetary rovers , newer domestic robots and even inside the human body. Given a series of controls u t {\displaystyle u_{t}} and sensor observations o t {\displaystyle o_{t}} over discrete time steps t {\displaystyle t} ,
Oculus Quest - Misplaced Pages Continue
3276-401: The back of the controllers to their tops so that they can be tracked by the headset's cameras. The Quest has embedded speakers, as well as a pair of 3.5 mm audio jacks on each side for use with external headphones. Though the Oculus Quest has built-in audio, it was possible to purchase official in-ear headphones from Facebook. There is also an official travel case. Following the release of
3354-422: The battlefield from inside the cockpit of their craft. However, these early headsets failed commercially due to their limited technology, and they were described by John Carmack as like "looking through toilet paper tubes ". In 2012, a crowdfunding campaign began for a VR headset known as Oculus Rift ; the project was led by several prominent video game developers , including John Carmack who later became
3432-569: The cells are assumed to be statistically independent to simplify computation. Under such assumption, P ( m t | x t , m t − 1 , o t ) {\displaystyle P(m_{t}|x_{t},m_{t-1},o_{t})} are set to 1 if the new map's cells are consistent with the observation o t {\displaystyle o_{t}} at location x t {\displaystyle x_{t}} and 0 if inconsistent. Modern self driving cars mostly simplify
3510-452: The combined problem of SLAM with deciding where to move next to build the map as efficiently as possible. The need for active exploration is especially pronounced in sparse sensing regimes such as tactile SLAM. Active SLAM is generally performed by approximating the entropy of the map under hypothetical actions. "Multi agent SLAM" extends this problem to the case of multiple robots coordinating themselves to explore optimally. In neuroscience,
3588-431: The company's CTO . In March 2014, the project's parent company Oculus VR was acquired by Facebook for $ 2 billion. The final consumer-oriented release of Oculus Rift began shipping on 28 March 2016. In March 2014, Sony demonstrated a prototype headset for PlayStation 4 , which was later named PlayStation VR . In 2014, Valve demonstrated some headset prototypes, which led to a partnership with HTC to produce
3666-486: The concept of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), infrared diodes on the Oculus Touch controllers are tracked via four wide-angle cameras built into the front of the headset. This is combined with accelerometer input from the controllers and headset, as well as AI algorithms to predict the path of motion when the controllers are outside of the cameras' field of view. The cameras are also used as part of
3744-537: The device's screen is viewed through lenses acting as a stereoscope , rather than using dedicated internal displays. VPL Research was a company that made early VR headsets in the 1980s. The Sega VR was announced in 1991 and seen in early 1993 at the Winter CES . It was never released for consoles, but was utilized for the Sega VR-1 motion simulator arcade attraction in 1994. Another early VR headset,
3822-497: The end of 2019. At Oculus Connect 6, Facebook announced Oculus Link (now Quest Link), a function which allows the Quest to be used with Oculus Rift-compatible software on a PC over USB . It became available in beta on November 12, 2019, as part of system software version 11. Initially, Link only supported USB 3.0 connections. In May 2020, support for USB 2.0 was added, although Facebook still recommends use of USB 3.0 cables. On June 13, 2021, Zuckerberg stated that Oculus Air Link,
3900-440: The first-generation Oculus Quest , a successor to the Oculus Go concept which supports motion controllers and positional tracking with 6DOF. There are different optics and visual qualities that affect how an individual perceives the image quality and how they experience the virtual world. The image clarity depends on the display resolution, optic quality, refresh rate, and field of view. Because virtual reality headsets stretch
3978-557: The front of the headset rather than external sensors. The cameras are also used as part of the safety feature "Passthrough", which shows a view from the cameras when the user exits their designated boundary area known as "Guardian". A later software update added "Oculus Link", a feature that allows the Quest to be connected to a computer via USB , enabling use with Oculus Rift -compatible software and games. The Oculus Quest received praise for its price and convenience, and for having improved graphical fidelity and tracking over Oculus Go, but
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#17327651125954056-591: The headset with over 50 titles consisting of a mix of new and ported games, including titles such as Beat Saber , Moss , Robo Recall , Superhot VR , and VRChat . Some games support cross-play with their PC versions. At Oculus Connect 6 in September 2019, it was announced that backward compatibility with over 50 Oculus Go applications and games would be added to the Quest. In addition, users who had purchased Oculus Go apps would be eligible to download Oculus Quest-specific versions of them for free through
4134-431: The headset's motion tracking system. Most headsets are reliant on a personal computer to operate. Some "standalone" headsets are based on a mobile operating system and smartphone -like hardware, allowing VR apps to run directly on the device, while also allowing VR applications to be streamed from a PC over a USB or Wi-Fi connection. Virtual reality headsets and viewers have also been designed for smartphones, where
4212-569: The headset. The disadvantage is the headset is made for an indoor area, with a cool environment, and away from any heat, so when military personnel has just the headset on, no military equipment, it is not like their basic training. The advantages consist of repeating the situations multiple times and the cost of having the headset is less, due to no military equipment being needed. [REDACTED] Media related to Virtual reality headsets at Wikimedia Commons Simultaneous localization and mapping Simultaneous localization and mapping ( SLAM )
4290-706: The invention of local features, such as SIFT , there has been intense research into visual SLAM (VSLAM) using primarily visual (camera) sensors, because of the increasing ubiquity of cameras such as those in mobile devices. Follow up research includes. Both visual and lidar sensors are informative enough to allow for landmark extraction in many cases. Other recent forms of SLAM include tactile SLAM (sensing by local touch only), radar SLAM, acoustic SLAM, and Wi-Fi-SLAM (sensing by strengths of nearby Wi-Fi access points). Recent approaches apply quasi-optical wireless ranging for multi-lateration ( real-time locating system (RTLS)) or multi-angulation in conjunction with SLAM as
4368-399: The kinematics of the model, which usually include information about action commands given to a robot. As a part of the model, the kinematics of the robot is included, to improve estimates of sensing under conditions of inherent and ambient noise. The dynamic model balances the contributions from various sensors, various partial error models and finally comprises in a sharp virtual depiction as
4446-436: The lens will be broken down into sections, allowing the individual to have a wider range of view. The issue seen with the lens consists of seeing the ridges of the lenses when the headset is not properly aligned on the head. The lenses introduce distortion and chromatic aberration , which are typically corrected in software . The lenses can also be adjusted dynamically to account for a user's eyeglass prescription so that
4524-665: The map at runtime. SLAM will always use several different types of sensors, and the powers and limits of various sensor types have been a major driver of new algorithms. Statistical independence is the mandatory requirement to cope with metric bias and with noise in measurements. Different types of sensors give rise to different SLAM algorithms which assumptions are most appropriate to the sensors. At one extreme, laser scans or visual features provide details of many points within an area, sometimes rendering SLAM inference unnecessary because shapes in these point clouds can be easily and unambiguously aligned at each step via image registration . At
4602-496: The mapping problem to almost nothing, by making extensive use of highly detailed map data collected in advance. This can include map annotations to the level of marking locations of individual white line segments and curbs on the road. Location-tagged visual data such as Google's StreetView may also be used as part of maps. Essentially such systems simplify the SLAM problem to a simpler localization only task, perhaps allowing for moving objects such as cars and people only to be updated in
4680-437: The most likely explanation of the robot poses and the map given the sensor data, rather than trying to estimate the entire posterior probability. New SLAM algorithms remain an active research area, and are often driven by differing requirements and assumptions about the types of maps, sensors and models as detailed below. Many SLAM systems can be viewed as combinations of choices from each of these aspects. Topological maps are
4758-428: The nature of acoustically derived features leaves Acoustic SLAM susceptible to problems of reverberation, inactivity, and noise within an environment. Originally designed for human–robot interaction, Audio-Visual SLAM is a framework that provides the fusion of landmark features obtained from both the acoustic and visual modalities within an environment. Human interaction is characterized by features perceived in not only
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#17327651125954836-478: The new model in 2018. They also revealed the accompanying controllers, which would be similar to the Oculus Rift's touch controllers. In 2018 at Connect 5, it was announced that the new headset would be known as the Oculus Quest and would be priced at US$ 399. At F8 2019 it was announced that the Quest would ship on May 21, 2019. At launch, the device was priced at US$ 399 for the 64 GB version, and US$ 499 for
4914-412: The opposite extreme, tactile sensors are extremely sparse as they contain only information about points very close to the agent, so they require strong prior models to compensate in purely tactile SLAM. Most practical SLAM tasks fall somewhere between these visual and tactile extremes. Sensor models divide broadly into landmark-based and raw-data approaches. Landmarks are uniquely identifiable objects in
4992-637: The paper, "Localization of Autonomous Guided Vehicles" which first appeared in ISR in 1995. The self-driving STANLEY and JUNIOR cars, led by Sebastian Thrun , won the DARPA Grand Challenge and came second in the DARPA Urban Challenge in the 2000s, and included SLAM systems, bringing SLAM to worldwide attention. Mass-market SLAM implementations can now be found in consumer robot vacuum cleaners and virtual reality headsets such as
5070-405: The posterior, the linearization in the EKF fails. In robotics , GraphSLAM is a SLAM algorithm which uses sparse information matrices produced by generating a factor graph of observation interdependencies (two observations are related if they contain data about the same landmark). It is based on optimization algorithms. A seminal work in SLAM is the research of R.C. Smith and P. Cheeseman on
5148-407: The representation and estimation of spatial uncertainty in 1986. Other pioneering work in this field was conducted by the research group of Hugh F. Durrant-Whyte in the early 1990s. which showed that solutions to SLAM exist in the infinite data limit. This finding motivates the search for algorithms which are computationally tractable and approximate the solution. The acronym SLAM was coined within
5226-577: The retail versions. The lenses of the headset are responsible for mapping the up-close display to a wide field of view, while also providing a more comfortable distant point of focus . One challenge with this is providing consistency of focus: because eyes are free to turn within the headset, it is important to avoid having to refocus to prevent eye strain . Fresnel lenses are commonly used in virtual reality headsets due to their compactness and lightweight structure. The lenses do not use multiple pieces of material in their lenses like other lenses, but
5304-506: The skills needed to perform surgeries on real patients. It also allows the students to revisit the surgeries from the perspective of the lead surgeon . Traditionally, students had to participate in surgeries and often they would miss essential parts. Now, with the use of VR headsets, students can watch surgical procedures from the perspective of the lead surgeon without missing essential parts. Students can also pause, rewind, and fast-forward surgeries. They also can perfect their techniques in
5382-412: The user can use the headset without corrective eyeglasses. Virtual reality headsets have significantly higher requirements for latency —the time it takes from a change in input to have a visual effect—than ordinary video games. If the system is too sluggish to react to head movement, then it can cause the user to experience virtual reality sickness , a kind of motion sickness. According to
5460-460: The user is looking and reduces rendering resolution farther from the user's gaze. This can be unnoticeable to the user because human peripheral vision is far less sensitive than the fovea . Virtual reality headsets are being currently used as a means to train medical students for surgery . It allows them to perform essential procedures in a virtual, controlled environment. Students perform surgeries on virtual patients, which allows them to acquire
5538-619: The user to quickly access the Passthrough view by double-tapping the left or right side of the headset. During Oculus Connect 6, it was announced that hand tracking would be added to the Quest in early-2020, utilizing machine learning, Oculus Insight, and "model-based tracking" to recognize the position and gesture of the user's hands without additional hardware. Hand tracking was initially introduced as an experimental feature in December 2019, as part of Quest system software version 12. It
5616-452: The visual modality, but the acoustic modality as well; as such, SLAM algorithms for human-centered robots and machines must account for both sets of features. An Audio-Visual framework estimates and maps positions of human landmarks through use of visual features like human pose, and audio features like human speech, and fuses the beliefs for a more robust map of the environment. For applications in mobile robotics (ex. drones, service robots), it
5694-528: The visual modality. Complimentary function between the audio and visual modalities in an environment can prove valuable for the creation of robotics and machines that fully interact with human speech and human movement. Various SLAM algorithms are implemented in the open-source software Robot Operating System (ROS) libraries, often used together with the Point Cloud Library for 3D maps or visual features from OpenCV . In robotics , EKF SLAM
5772-579: The world which location can be estimated by a sensor, such as Wi-Fi access points or radio beacons. Raw-data approaches make no assumption that landmarks can be identified, and instead model P ( o t | x t ) {\displaystyle P(o_{t}|x_{t})} directly as a function of the location. Optical sensors may be one-dimensional (single beam) or 2D- (sweeping) laser rangefinders , 3D high definition light detection and ranging ( lidar ), 3D flash lidar, 2D or 3D sonar sensors, and one or more 2D cameras . Since
5850-532: Was limited to the main user interface and selected built-in apps, such as the web browser. It was also announced that the Oculus Quest SDK would be updated to add support for the feature. In May 2020, hand tracking exited beta, and became available for use in third-party software beginning May 28. The Oculus Quest uses second-generation Oculus Touch controllers. Their designs were modified to accommodate Oculus Insight, with their tracking rings moved from
5928-425: Was not "noticeably worse" than doing so over USB in their experience). It was argued that the Quest "works so well by itself that it's a great system in its own right", while Oculus Link allowed it to double as a "credible" PC VR headset as well. While it was noted that the Rift S was less front-heavy and that its display "trades contrast for slightly higher resolution and refresh rate", it was argued that neither it or
6006-544: Was panned for being a closed platform at launch — with software limited to the Oculus Store, and not being backwards compatible with software released for Oculus Go. Adi Robertson of The Verge shared similar opinions, noting that the Quest was heavier and not as comfortable as Rift S, and that its launch titles were not at the same caliber as the PC Oculus Rift in terms of size or graphical fidelity, but that
6084-415: Was panned for its front-heavy build and downgraded graphics quality over PC-based VR games. At launch, it also faced criticism for being limited to software available on the Oculus Store, and not having backwards compatibility with Oculus Go software. The later introduction of Oculus Link led to reappraisals of the Quest, with critics praising the device's increased flexibility, and indicating that devices like
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