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42-580: Okanagan Falls Provincial Park was created in 1956. In 2015, the park was renamed to reflect the traditional Okanagan place name for the area. sx̌ʷəx̌ʷnitkʷ means “little falls.” This place name signifies a connection to the historic Kettle Falls in Washington state. The step-like rapids of the outlet of the Skaha Lake were lost in 1950 when a flood control dam was built over them. The park occupies an area of two hectares. The park has deciduous trees and

84-479: A consequence is now commonly found in nearly all states. Valued for the high resistance of some clones to Dutch elm disease , over a dozen selections have been made to produce hardy ornamental cultivars, although several may no longer be in cultivation: A variegated weeping elm, with cream, dark green and light green variegation, is cultivated in China as Ulmus pumila 'Variegata'. Some authorities consider

126-578: A green calyx with 4–5 lobes, 4–8 stamens with brownish-red anthers , and a green pistil with a two-lobed style . Unlike most elms, the Siberian elm is able to self-pollinate successfully. The wind-dispersed samarae are whitish tan, orbicular to rarely broadly obovate or elliptical, 1 cm–2 cm × 1 cm–1.5 cm ( 3 ⁄ 8  in– 3 ⁄ 4  in ×  3 ⁄ 8  in– 5 ⁄ 8  in), glabrous except for pubescence on stigmatic surface;

168-481: A high sunlight requirement and is not shade-tolerant; with adequate light it exhibits rapid growth. The tree is also fairly intolerant of wet ground conditions, growing better on well-drained soils. While it is very resistant to drought and severe cold, and able to grow on poor soils, its short period of dormancy , flowering early in spring followed by continuous growth until the first frosts of autumn, renders it vulnerable to frost damage. As an ornamental U. pumila

210-559: A minor annoyance by dripping on cars and furniture. However, severe infestations on or obvious damage to otherwise healthy trees are uncommon. In some regions of the Southern United States, a fungus known as Phymatotrichopsis omnivora is known to cause sudden death of lacebark elms when infected. The Chinese elm is a tough landscape tree, hardy enough for use in harsh planting situations such as parking lots, small planters along streets, and plazas or patios. The tree

252-656: A moderate susceptibility to elm yellows . In trials at the Sunshine Nursery, Oklahoma, the species was adjudged as having the best pest resistance of about 200 taxa However, foliage was regarded as only "somewhat resistant" to black spot by the Plant Diagnostic Clinic of the University of Missouri . Cottony cushion scale or mealy bugs , often protected and "herded" by ants, exude sticky, sweet honeydew , which can mildew leaves and be

294-564: Is a samara , elliptical to ovate-elliptical, 10–13 mm long by 6–8 mm broad. The samara is mostly glabrous , the seed at the centre or toward the apex, is borne on a stalk 1–3 mm in length; it matures rapidly and disperses by late autumn. The trunk has a handsome, flaking bark of mottled greys with tans and reds, giving rise to its other common name, the lacebark elm, although scarring from major branch loss can lead to large, canker-like wounds. Ploidy : 2n = 28. Many nurserymen and foresters mistakenly refer to Ulmus pumila ,

336-462: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Okanagan -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ulmus parvifolia Ulmus parvifolia , commonly known as the Chinese elm or lacebark elm , is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having

378-491: Is a very poor tree, tending to be short-lived, with brittle wood and poor crown shape, but it has nevertheless enjoyed some popularity owing to its rapid growth and provision of shade. The Siberian Elm has been described as "one of the world's worst... ornamental trees that does not deserve to be planted anywhere". Yet in the US during the 1950s, the tree was also widely promoted as a fast-growing hedging substitute for privet , and as

420-557: Is an important site for the conservation of riparian vegetation. In the 1950s, non-native tree species like Chinese elm , Norway maple , red ash and Lombardy poplar were planted in the park. There is superb bird watching in the park. Rare species such as western wood pewees , American yellow warblers , northern orioles and least flycatchers are often spotted in the park. The park offers numerous nature-related activities such as wildlife viewing, nature study, and photography. The park also supports an astounding 18 species of bats, one of

462-557: Is arguably the most ubiquitous elm, now found on all continents except Antarctica. It was introduced to Europe at the end of the 18th century as an ornamental and is found in many botanical gardens and arboreta. It was introduced to the United States in 1794, and has proved very popular in recent years as a replacement for American elms killed by Dutch elm disease. The tree was distributed in Victoria , Australia, from 1857. At

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504-600: Is considered a good choice for beginners because of its high tolerance of pruning. Numerous cultivars have been raised, mostly in North America: It is an autumn-flowering species, whereas most other elms flower in the spring. Hybrids include: Ulmus pumila Ulmus pumila , the Siberian elm , is a tree native to Asia . It is also known as the Asiatic elm and dwarf elm , but sometimes miscalled

546-513: Is dark gray, irregularly longitudinally fissured. The branchlets are yellowish gray, glabrous or pubescent, unwinged and without a corky layer, with scattered lenticels. The winter buds dark brown to red-brown, globose to ovoid. The petiole is 4–10 millimetres ( 1 ⁄ 4 – 1 ⁄ 2 inch), pubescent, the leaf blade elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate , 2–8 by 1.2–3.5 centimetres ( 3 ⁄ 4  in– 3 + 1 ⁄ 8  in ×  1 ⁄ 2  in– 1 + 3 ⁄ 8  in),

588-692: Is found as high as 8000 feet in the Sandia Mountains in New Mexico and is invading coniferous forest there. New Mexico may be a center of genetic diversity in North America. Owing to its high sunlight requirements, it seldom invades mature forests, and is primarily a problem in cities and open areas, as well as along transportation corridors. The species is now listed in Japan as an alien species recognized as established in Japan or found in

630-581: Is highly susceptible to damage from many insects and parasites, including the elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola , the Asian 'zigzag' sawfly Aproceros leucopoda , Elm Yellows , powdery mildew , cankers, aphids , leaf spot and, in the Netherlands, coral spot fungus Nectria cinnabarina . U. pumila is the most resistant of all the elms to verticillium wilt . In North America, Ulmus pumila has become an invasive species in much of

672-544: Is native to Central Asia , eastern Siberia , the Russian Far East , Mongolia , Tibet , northern China , India (northern Kashmir ) and Korea . It is the last tree species encountered in the semi-desert regions of Central Asia. The tree has considerable variability in resistance to Dutch elm disease ; for example, trees from north-western and north-eastern China exhibit significantly higher tolerance than those from central and southern China. Moreover, it

714-548: Is said to have been introduced to the US in 1905 by Prof. John George Jack , and later by Frank Nicholas Meyer , though 'Siberian elm' appears in some 19th-century US nursery catalogues. The tree was cultivated at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Experimental Station at Mandan , North Dakota , where it flourished. It was consequently selected by the USDA for planting in shelter belts across

756-405: Is used most for furniture, cabinets, veneer, hardwood flooring, and specialty uses such as longbow construction and tool handles. Most commercially milled lumber goes directly to manufacturers rather than to retail lumber outlets. Chinese elm heartwood ranges in tone from reddish-brown to light tan, while the sapwood approaches off-white. The grain is often handsome and dramatic. Unlike other elms,

798-683: The Arnold Arboretum in 1908 and, as U. pekinensis , via the Veitch Nurseries in 1910 from William Purdom in northern China. A specimen obtained from Späth and planted in 1914 stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk , in the early 20th century. The tree was propagated and marketed by the Hillier & Sons nursery, Winchester, Hampshire , from 1962 to 1977, during which time over 500 were sold. More recently,

840-494: The North Caucasus , along with other local flora, appear in the opening description of Tolstoy 's story 'The Raid' (1853). Nicholas Roerich describes a specimen discovered on his travels through Mongolia: We are in the deserts of Mongolia. It was hot and dusty yesterday. From faraway thunder was approaching. Some of our friends became tired from climbing the stony holy hills of Shiret Obo. While already returning to

882-710: The Späth nursery of Berlin to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) in 1902 as U. pumila , in addition to specimens of the narrow-leaved U. pumila cultivar 'Pinnato-ramosa'. One was planted in RBGE; the two not planted in the Garden may survive in Edinburgh, as it was the practice of the Garden to distribute trees about the city. Kew Gardens obtained specimens of U. pumila from

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924-428: The 'Chinese elm' ( Ulmus parvifolia ). U. pumila has been widely cultivated throughout Asia, North America, Argentina, and southern Europe, becoming naturalized in many places, notably across much of the United States. The Siberian elm is usually a small to medium-sized, often bushy, deciduous tree growing to 25 metres (82 feet) tall, the diameter at breast height to 1 m (3 ft 3 in). The bark

966-560: The Japanese wild. U. pumila was introduced into Spain as an ornamental, probably during the reign of Philip II (1556–98), and from the 1930s into Italy. In these countries it has naturally hybridized with the field elm ( U. minor ). In Italy it was widely used in viniculture, notably in the Po valley, to support the grape vines until the 1950s, when the demands of mechanization made it unsuitable. Three specimens were supplied by

1008-515: The Nation's efforts to revitalise and restore sockeye salmon numbers in the Okanagan River . Everyone is welcome to attend the celebration, but the campsites are closed to the general public on this weekend. 49°20′27″N 119°34′51″W  /  49.34083°N 119.58083°W  / 49.34083; -119.58083 This British Columbia protected areas related article

1050-453: The beginning of the 20th century, Searl's Garden Emporium, in Sydney, marketed it. Three U. parvifolia were supplied in 1902 by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh . In New Zealand, it was found to be particularly suitable for windswept locations along the coast. The tree is commonly planted as an ornamental in Japan, notably around Osaka Castle . Ulmus parvifolia is one of

1092-431: The camp, we noticed in the distance a huge elm tree – 'karagatch', - lonely, towering amidst the surrounding endless desert. The size of the tree, its somewhat familiar outlines attracted us into its shadow. Botanical considerations led us to believe that in the wide shade of the giant there might be some interesting herbs. Soon, all the co-workers gathered around the two mighty stems of the karagatch. The deep, deep shadow of

1134-582: The cold-hardiest of the Chinese species. In artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum . the LT50 (temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be −34 °C (−29 °F). Owing to its versatility and ability to tolerate a wide range of temperatures, light, and humidity conditions, the Chinese elm is a popular choice as a bonsai species. It is perhaps the single most widely available. It

1176-500: The colour changing from dark green to yellow in autumn. The perfect , apetalous wind-pollinated flowers bloom for one week in early spring, before the leaves emerge, in tight fascicles (bundles) on the last year's branchlets. Flowers emerging in early February are often damaged by frost (causing the species to be dropped from the Dutch elm breeding programme). Each flower is about 3 mm ( 1 ⁄ 8  in) across and has

1218-453: The cultivar ' Berardii ' a form of U. pumila . Nottingham elm , considered an Ulmus × hollandica by Richens , was marketed from the 19th century as 'Siberian elm'. The species has been widely hybridized in the United States and Italy to create robust trees of more native appearance with high levels of resistance to Dutch elm disease: Other hybrid cultivars involving crossings with U. pumila : The unripe seeds have long been eaten by

1260-443: The freshly cut Chinese elm has a peppery or spicy odour. While it turns easily and will take a nice polish off the lathe without any finish, and it holds detail well, the fibrous wood is usually considered too tough for carving or hand tools. Chinese elm contains silica which is hard on planer knives and chainsaws, but it sands fairly easily. Like other woods with interlocking grain, planes should be kept extra sharp to prevent tearing at

1302-450: The grain margins. It steam-bends easily and holds screws well, but pilot holes and countersinking are needed. It tends to be a "lively" wood, tending to warp and distort while drying. This water-resistant wood easily takes most finishes and stains. Subspecies, varieties, and forms: The Chinese elm is highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease . It is also very resistant to the elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola , but has

Okanagan Falls Provincial Park - Misplaced Pages Continue

1344-561: The highest concentrations in Canada. The park offers several activities, such as cycling and fishing, though for the latter permits are required. There are many trails in the park for hiking. There are also camping sites within the park. sx̌ʷəx̌ʷnitkʷ park closes annually the third weekend of September for the Okanagan Nation Alliance's Salmon Feast. The event raises awareness of Okanagan history and culture, as well as

1386-543: The native field elm ( U. minor ), contributing to conservation concerns for the latter species. Research is ongoing into the extent of hybridisation with U. minor in Italy. Ulmus pumila is often found in abundance along railroads and in abandoned lots and on disturbed ground. The gravel along railroad beds provides ideal conditions for its growth: well-drained, nutrient poor soil, and high light conditions; these beds provide corridors which facilitate its spread. It

1428-592: The peoples of Manchuria , and during the Great Chinese Famine they also became one of the most important foodstuffs in the Harbin region. The leaves were also gathered, to the detriment of the trees, prompting a prohibition order by the authorities, which was largely ignored. The leaves eaten raw are not very palatable, but stewed and prepared with Kaoliang or Foxtail millet make a better tasting and more filling meal. The "dwarf-" or "shrub-elms" of

1470-773: The poise of a graceful Nothofagus ". The tree was introduced to the UK in 1794 by James Main , who collected in China for Gilbert Slater of Low Layton , Essex. A small to medium deciduous or semideciduous (rarely semi evergreen ) tree, it grows to 10–18 m (33–59 ft) tall and 15–20 m (49–66 ft) wide with a slender trunk and crown. The leathery, lustrous green, single-toothed leaves are small, 2–5 cm long by 1–3 cm broad, and often retained as late as December or even January in Europe and North America. The apetalous wind-pollinated perfect flowers are produced in early autumn, small and inconspicuous. The fruit

1512-582: The popularity of U. pumila in the Great Britain has been almost exclusively as a bonsai subject, and mature trees are largely restricted to arboreta. In the UK the TROBI Champions grow at Thorp Perrow Arboretum , Yorkshire, 19 m (62 ft 4 in) × 70 cm (2 ft 4 in) in 2004, and at St Ann's Well Gardens, Hove , Sussex 20 m (65 ft 7 in) × 60 cm (2 ft 0 in) in 2009. U. pumila

1554-998: The prairies in the aftermath of the Dustbowl disasters, where its rapid growth and tolerance for drought and cold initially made it a great success. However, the species later proved susceptible to numerous maladies. Attempts to find a more suitable cultivar were initiated in 1997 by the Plant Materials Center of the USDA , which established experimental plantations at Akron, Colorado , and Sidney, Nebraska . The study, no. 201041K, will conclude in 2020. The US National Champion, measuring 33.5 m (109 ft 11 in) high in 2011, grows in Berrien County, Michigan . The seeds lose their viability rapidly after maturity unless placed on suitable germination conditions or dried and placed at low temperatures. The species has

1596-500: The rapidly growing, disease-ridden, relatively short-lived, weak-wooded Siberian elm, as "Chinese elm". This has given the true Chinese elm an undeserved bad reputation. The two elms are very distinct and different species. The Siberian elm's bark becomes deeply ridged and furrowed with age, among other obvious differences. It possesses a very rough, greyish-black appearance, while the Chinese elm's smooth bark becomes flaky and blotchy, exposing very distinctive, light-coloured mottling, hence

1638-546: The region from central Mexico northward across the eastern and central United States to Ontario , Canada. It also hybridizes in the wild with the native U. rubra (slippery elm) in the central United States, prompting conservation concerns for the latter species. In South America, the tree has spread across much of the Argentine pampas . In Europe it has spread widely in Spain, and hybridizes extensively there with

1680-447: The south Gobi , with a girth of 5.55 m (18 ft 3 in) in 2009, may exceed 250 years (based on average annual ring widths of other U. pumila in the area). The species was described by Peter Simon Pallas in the 18th century from specimens from Transbaikal . Two varieties were traditionally recognized: var. pumila and var. arborea , the latter now treated as a cultivar, U. pumila 'Pinnato-ramosa' . The tree

1722-548: The stalk 1–2 mm ( 5 ⁄ 128 – 5 ⁄ 64  in), the perianth persistent. The seed is at centre of the samara or occasionally slightly toward apex but not reaching the apical notch. Flowering and fruiting occur March to May. Ploidy : 2 n = 28. The tree also suckers readily from its roots. The tree is short-lived in temperate climates, rarely reaching more than 60 years of age, but in its native environment may live to between 100 and 150 years. A giant specimen, 45 kilometres (28 miles) southeast of Khanbogt in

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1764-401: The synonym lacebark elm for the real Chinese elm. Elms, hickory, and ash all have remarkably hard, tough wood, making them popular for tool handles, bows, and baseball bats. Chinese elm is considered the hardest of the elms. Chinese elm is said to be the best of all woods for chisel handles and similar uses due to its superior hardness, toughness, and resistance to splitting. Chinese elm lumber

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