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45-598: Geologically and geographically, the north bank of the canal is the official southern limit of the Eastern Continental Divide . It was built/finished in 1937 to provide a water route across Florida, allowing boats to pass east–west across the state rather than traveling the long route around the southern end of the state. Lake Okeechobee and the Okeechobee Waterway Project is part of the complex water-management system known as

90-453: A historical marker that declares the start of the river is located. Cobb Hill is about a mile north. The stream flows southwest paralleling Route 49 to Coudersport. It continues west to Port Allegany then turns north into western New York, looping westward across southern Cattaraugus County for approximately 30 miles (48 km), past Portville , Olean , Allegany and Salamanca and flowing through Seneca Indian Nation lands close to

135-665: A network of diverging canals and natural waterways. As such, the land is not clearly divisible between the Gulf of Mexico watershed and the Atlantic watershed. The exact route of the ECD shifts over time due to erosion, tectonic activity, construction projects, and other factors. Because the divide is at or in proximity to the highest terrain, air is forced upwards regardless of wind direction. This process of orographic enhancement leads to higher precipitation than surrounding areas. In winter,

180-598: A song entitled "Allegheny Lullaby" that detailed life along the Allegheny in late 20th century Rust Belt towns, the river serving as a metaphor for escape. In 2008, Katie Spotz became the first person to swim the entire 325 mi (523 km) of the Allegheny River; she was accompanied by safety kayaker, James Hendershott. The team began at the river's source in Warren, Pennsylvania on July 22 and finished at

225-672: A tribe called "Talligewi" who used to live along the river. Frederick Webb Hodge cited Henry Schoolcraft to connect the "Talligewi" to the Cherokee . The following account of the origin of the name Allegheny was given in 1780 by Moravian missionary David Zeisberger : "All this land and region, stretching as far as the creeks and waters that flow into the Alleghene the Delawares called Alligewinenk, which means 'a land into which they came from distant parts'. The river itself, however,

270-590: Is a hydrological divide in eastern North America that separates the easterly Atlantic Seaboard watershed from the westerly Gulf of Mexico watershed. The divide nearly spans the United States from south of Lake Ontario through the Florida peninsula, and consists of raised terrain including the Appalachian Mountains to the north, the southern Piedmont Plateau and lowland ridges in

315-594: Is also impounded by the Kinzua Dam in northwestern Pennsylvania, resulting in the Allegheny Reservoir also known as Kinzua Lake and Lake Perfidy among the Seneca. The Seneca Pumped Storage Generating Station is associated with Kinzua Dam. Numerous bridges and tunnels span the river throughout its course. The Allegheny River Tunnel , utilized by Pittsburgh Light Rail , went into service in 2012. In

360-581: Is called Alligewi Sipo. The whites have made Alleghene out of this, the Six Nations calling the river the Ohio." The Delaware Tribe of Indians gives the Lenape name as Alikehane , "river where footprints can be seen." Native Americans, including the Lenape and Iroquois , considered the Allegheny and Ohio rivers as the same, as is suggested by a New York State road sign on Interstate 86 that refers to

405-434: The Allegheny Reservoir . After re-entering Pennsylvania, the river is joined from the east by Kinzua Creek 10 mi (16 km) upstream of Warren; from the north by Conewango Creek at Warren; from the west by Brokenstraw Creek ; from the east by East Hickory Creek at East Hickory; from the east by Tionesta Creek at Tionesta; from the north by Oil Creek at Oil City; from the west by French Creek at Franklin; from

450-587: The Atlantic Coastal Plain to the south. Water including rainfall and snowfall, lakes, streams and rivers on the eastern/southern side of the divide drains to the Atlantic Ocean; water on the western/northern side of the divide drains to the Gulf of Mexico. The ECD is one of six continental hydrological divides of North America which define several drainage basins, each of which drains to a particular body of water. At its northern terminus,

495-846: The Canaan Valley in the Cheat River watershed, and the Mount Storm Lake basin in the Potomac River watershed. The Divide then rejoins the Allegheny Front. A significant portion of the Divide forms part of the border between West Virginia and Virginia along Allegheny Mountain and then Peters Mountain , separating the Greenbrier River and James River watersheds. It then makes a dramatic arc to

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540-720: The Central and Southern Florida Flood Control Project . The projects cover 16,000 square miles (41,000 km) starting just south of Orlando and extending southward through the Kissimmee River Basin to the Everglades National Park to Florida Bay . The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers manages five locks and dams along the Okeechobee Waterway. The St. Lucie lock was built in 1941 for navigation and flood-control purposes. In 1944,

585-622: The North Side , downtown Pittsburgh , and Point State Park . The Allegheny joins with the Monongahela River at the "Point" in downtown Pittsburgh to form the Ohio River . The river is approximately 325 mi (523 km) long, running through the U.S. states of New York and Pennsylvania . It drains a rural dissected plateau of 11,580 sq mi (30,000 km ) in the northern Allegheny Plateau , providing

630-734: The Tennessee River from those of the Santee River . Its high point is on Grandfather Mountain at 5,946 feet (1,812 m); although Mount Mitchell is the highest point in the Appalachian Mountains, it is not on the Divide, but 4 miles west of it. In Georgia , the Divide generally separates the Apalachicola River watershed in the west from the Savannah River and Altamaha River watersheds to

675-523: The Allegheny River also as Ohiːyo' . The Geographic Names Information System lists O-hee-yo and O-hi-o as variant names. The river is called Ohi:'i:o` (river beautiful) in the Seneca language . In New York, areas around the river are often named with the alternate spelling Allegany in reference to the river; for example, the Village of Allegany and Allegany State Park . Port Allegany, located along

720-557: The Allegheny River is joined from the south by Potato Creek 1.7 mi (2.7 km) downstream of Coryville , Pennsylvania and from the north by Olean Creek at Olean, New York. Tunungwant "Tuna" Creek joins the river from the south in Carrollton, New York (flowing north from Bradford, Pennsylvania); the Great Valley Creek and Little Valley Creek join the river from the north at Salamanca, New York before becoming

765-495: The Allegheny River several miles downstream from Warren. During the campaign for the 1960 United States presidential election , John F. Kennedy assured the Seneca Nation that he would oppose the dam if elected. However, he failed to follow through on his pledge upon becoming president. In 1992, 86.6 mi (139.4 km) of the Allegheny River was designated Wild and Scenic . This designation comprises three segments of

810-508: The Allegheny River; and the small village of Kinzua , which was located at the confluence of Kinzua Creek with the Allegheny River. All residents of both villages were forced to move. Many prominent individuals opposed the construction of the dam at that time because of the damage it would do to Seneca lands, including Pennsylvania Congressman John P. Saylor of Johnstown , and Howard Zahniser , executive director of The Wilderness Society and native of Tionesta—a small settlement located along

855-750: The Divide begins to separate the Youghiogheny River and Potomac River watersheds. In Maryland , the Divide runs significantly west of the Allegheny Front , following Backbone Mountain , and passing near the source of the North Branch Potomac River at the Fairfax Stone . The Divide then passes through a plateau of the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia , passing between the north end of

900-696: The Divide generally follows the western edge of the St. Johns River , meandering into the low country of Northern Florida until it reaches central Florida. The southern terminus of the Eastern Continental Divide is at the northern edge of the Kissimmee River watershed, part of the Lake Okeechobee drainage basin. . The elevation here is about 70 ft (21 m). South of here, the terrain consists of low swampland covered by

945-676: The Eastern Continental Divide originates at the Eastern Triple Divide , its intersection with the St. Lawrence Divide on a summit named Triple Divide Peak in Potter County , Pennsylvania , about 10 mi (16 km) south of the New York-Pennsylvania border. This point divides the eastern United States into three watersheds, those of the St. Lawrence River to the north, the Atlantic seaboard to

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990-646: The Indian Reserve; the proclamation border ran along the Appalachian Divide but extended beyond its Pennsylvania-New York terminus north into New England. Allegheny River The Allegheny River ( / ˌ æ l ɪ ˈ ɡ eɪ n i / AL -ig- AY -nee ) is a 325-mile-long (523 km) tributary of the Ohio River that is located in western Pennsylvania and New York in the United States. It runs from its headwaters just below

1035-604: The completion of the federally sponsored Kinzua Dam for flood -control in northwestern Pennsylvania east of Warren created the long Allegheny Reservoir , known as Lake Perfidy among the Seneca, part of which is included in the Allegheny National Recreation Area . The dam flooded parts of lands deeded "forever" to the Seneca Nation of Indians by the 1794 Treaty of Canandaigua , and lands given to Cornplanter and his descendants. The event

1080-542: The confluence of the Monongahela River and Allegheny form the Ohio River at downtown Pittsburgh. Many additional streams enter or join with the Allegheny River along its course. Several locks were built in the early 20th century to make the Allegheny River navigable for 72 miles upstream from Pittsburgh to East Brady . The Allegheny River has eight locks and fixed-crest dams numbered two through nine: Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 which form corresponding reservoirs. The river

1125-570: The connecting spillway structure was built for flood and regulatory flow control through the St. Lucie Canal to manage the water level in Lake Okeechobee. The Port Mayaca Lock and Dam was built in 1977 for navigation purposes, to permit the raising of water levels in Lake Okeechobee, and to moderate the effects of higher lake stages along the St. Lucie Canal. The Ortona Lock and Dam were constructed in 1937 for navigation purposes. In 1934,

1170-617: The divide is often much snowier than surrounding areas, due to orographic enhancement and cooler temperatures with elevation. Prior to about 1760, north of Spanish Florida, the Appalachian Divide represented the boundary between British and French colonial possessions in North America. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 separated settled lands of the Thirteen Colonies from lands north and west of it designated

1215-791: The east around the Sinking Creek valley, and then follows the hill crest east of Blacksburg, Virginia , until it meets the Blue Ridge Mountains , which take the form of an escarpment separating the headwaters of the New River from that of the Roanoke River . Just before the Divide passes into North Carolina , it begins to separate the New River and Yadkin River watersheds. It then separates upper tributaries of

1260-584: The east by the Clarion River , a principal tributary, at Parker; from the east by Crooked Creek southeast of Kittanning; and from the east by the Kiskiminetas River , another principal tributary, at Schenley. Buffalo Creek enters at Freeport, Chartiers Run enters at Lower Burrell, Bull Creek enters at Tarentum, Pucketa Creek enters near New Kensington, Riddle Run enters at Springdale, and Girtys Run enters at Millvale. And finally,

1305-520: The east, and the Gulf of Mexico to the west. From north to south, the divide passes through the broader Allegheny Plateau region, following the boundary between the Allegheny River and Susquehanna River watersheds through most of Pennsylvania. At Blue Knob near Altoona , the Divide begins to follow Allegheny Mountain and then Little Savage Mountain . A few miles before the state border,

1350-570: The east, passing through the Atlanta metropolitan area and extending past the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains southeasterly across the Georgia plateau . This marks the first time the western watershed drains directly to the Gulf of Mexico without reaching the Ohio River first. In southern Georgia, it separates the Suwannee River and Satilla River watersheds. In Florida ,

1395-656: The expansion of Anglo-American settlement into the Allegheny Valley and the surrounding Ohio Country was a primary cause of the French and Indian War in the 1750s. During the war, the village of Kittanning – the principal Shawnee settlement on the river – was completely destroyed during the Kittanning Expedition , which saw 300 provincial troops from the Province of Pennsylvania brutally attack

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1440-533: The latter half of the 17th century, control of the river valley passed back-and-forth between Algonquian -speaking Shawnee and the Iroquois . By the time of the arrival of French colonialists in the early 18th century, the Shawnee were once again in control and formed an alliance with France against attempts by colonists from British North America to settler across the Allegheny Mountains . The conflict over

1485-893: The locks were dredged by Captain James B. Cox, who worked on the Hoover Dike , with Robert Pierce as engineer. The first lockmaster was Jack O'Day, then Captain Cox, afterward. The Moore Haven Lock and Dam were constructed in 1935 for navigation and flood-control purposes. The lock was renamed Julian Keen Jr. Lock and Dam. Effective: 06/18/2021 Notice to Navigation 2021-014 The W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam were constructed in 1965 for flood control, water control, prevention of saltwater intrusion , and navigation purposes. Eastern Continental Divide Download coordinates as: The Eastern Continental Divide , Eastern Divide or Appalachian Divide

1530-530: The middle of Pennsylvania's northern border, northwesterly into New York, then in a zigzag southwesterly across the border and through Western Pennsylvania to join the Monongahela River at the Forks of the Ohio at Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers . Historically, the Allegheny

1575-565: The northeasternmost drainage in the watershed of the Mississippi River. Its tributaries reach to within 8 mi (13 km) of Lake Erie in southwestern New York. Water from the Allegheny River eventually flows into the Gulf of Mexico via the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The Allegheny Valley has been one of the most productive areas of fossil fuel extraction in United States history, with its extensive deposits of coal , petroleum , and natural gas . In its upper reaches,

1620-472: The northern boundary of Allegany State Park before re-entering northwestern Pennsylvania within the Allegheny Reservoir just east of the Warren - McKean county line, approx. 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Warren . It flows in a broad zigzag course generally southwest across Western Pennsylvania ; first flowing southwest past Warren, Tidioute , Tionesta , Oil City , and Franklin , forming much of

1665-526: The northwestern boundary of Allegheny National Forest . South of Franklin it turns southeast across Clarion County in a meandering course, then turns again southwest across Armstrong County , flowing past Kittanning , Ford City , Clinton , and Freeport . The river enters both Allegheny and Westmoreland counties, the Pittsburgh suburbs , and the City of Pittsburgh from the northeast. It passes

1710-573: The river at Titusville . One of the underlying premises of the Genesee Valley Canal was its connection to the river, opening a trade route from Rochester , New York to the west. The advent of the railroads obviated any interest Pennsylvania might have had in participating to improve navigation on the river. The canal was closed in 1877 and the right-of-way sold to the Genesee Valley Canal Railroad . In 1965,

1755-418: The river became a principal means of navigation in the upper Ohio valley, especially for the transport of coal. Although the building of the railroads lessened the importance of the river somewhat, the lower river (navigable as far as East Brady , Pennsylvania through locks) has continued to serve as a route of commercial transportation until the present day. In 1859, the first U.S. petroleum was drilled north of

1800-443: The river in Pennsylvania near the border with New York, also follows this pattern. The Allegheny River rises in north central Pennsylvania, on Cobb Hill in Allegany Township in north central Potter County , 8 miles (13 km) south of the New York–Pennsylvania border and a few miles northwest of the eastern triple divide . The stream flows south and passes under Pennsylvania Route 49 11 miles northeast of Coudersport where

1845-427: The river located in Warren , Forest , and Venango counties. Depression-era folk singer Buster Red recorded "Allegheny River", wherein the river is a destructive force throughout life, but not necessarily a malignant one. Folksinger Pete Seeger's song "Where the Old Allegheny and Monongahela Flow", depicts a character living in a city pining for a return to the Allegheny River. Old Crow Medicine Show released

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1890-414: The settlement. After gaining control of the area in the 1763 Treaty of Paris , the British kept the area closed to Anglo-American colonists, in part to repair and maintain relations with the Native Americans. After the American Revolutionary War , the entire river valley became part of the new United States , and U.S. settlers forcibly displaced the region's indigenous population. During the 19th century,

1935-426: Was considered to be the upper Ohio River by both Native Americans and European settlers. This shallow river has been made navigable upstream from Pittsburgh to East Brady by a series of locks and dams that were constructed during the early 20th century. A 24-mile-long portion of the upper river in Warren and McKean counties of Pennsylvania and Cattaraugus County in New York forms the Allegheny Reservoir , which

1980-416: Was created by the erection of the Kinzua Dam in 1965 for flood control . The name of the river is derived from one of a number of Delaware / Unami phrases that are homophones of the English name, with varying translations. The name Allegheny probably comes from Lenape welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. There is a Lenape legend of

2025-433: Was described in the Johnny Cash song "As Long as the Grass Shall Grow" from the 1964 album Bitter Tears: Ballads of the American Indian , which focused on the history of and problems facing Native Americans in the United States. The construction of the dam and the filling of the Allegheny Reservoir also necessitated the elimination of the small village of Corydon , which was located at the confluence of Willow Creek with

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