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30-1088: Old Lodge is a 103.1-hectare (255-acre) Local Nature Reserve west of Crowborough in East Sussex . It is privately owned. It is managed by Sussex Wildlife Trust . It is part of Ashdown Forest , which is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a Special Area of Conservation , a Special Protection Area and a Site of Special Scientific Interest . This highland site is mainly grassland and heather, with areas of gorse and scattered birch , oak , and Scots pine trees. Birds include common redstart and common crossbills and there are large nests of red wood ants . 51°03′18″N 0°05′06″E  /  51.055°N 0.085°E  / 51.055; 0.085 Local Nature Reserve There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites. The National Parks and Access to

60-489: A guide to their selection and declaration , 2000). Scottish Natural Heritage NatureScot ( Scottish Gaelic : NàdarAlba ) is the operating name for the body formally called Scottish Natural Heritage . It is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government responsible for the country's natural heritage , especially its natural , genetic and scenic diversity. It advises

90-574: A protected animal species, or to uproot plants. NatureScot's primary role in regard to protected species is to license activities that would otherwise be an offence. NatureScot is responsible for promoting public access and enjoyment of the outdoors. It created and updates the Scottish Outdoor Access Code , which provides detailed guidance on the exercise of the ancient tradition of universal access to land in Scotland, which

120-544: Is carried out in partnership with others including local authorities, Government bodies, voluntary environmental bodies, community groups, farmers and land managers. The body has offices in most parts of Scotland including the main islands. NatureScot works closely with the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) and the equivalent bodies for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland to ensure a consistent approach to nature conservation throughout

150-409: Is not, or may have other designations (although an LNR cannot also be a national nature reserve ). Except where the site is an SSSI, there is no legal necessity to manage an LNR to any set standard, but management agreements often exist. An LNR may be given protection against damaging operations. It also has certain protection against development on and around it. This protection is usually given via

180-406: Is very bad news for Orkney’s native species. Stoats are accomplished predators and pose a very serious threat to Orkney’s wildlife, including: the native Orkney vole, hen harrier, short-eared owl and many ground nesting birds In 2018, a stoat eradication project was presented by NatureScot to be applied "across Orkney Mainland , South Ronaldsay , Burray , Glimps Holm , Lamb Holm and Hunda , and

210-772: The RSPB (5 NNRs), the Scottish Wildlife Trust (1 NNR), South Lanarkshire Council (1 NNR), and the Woodland Trust (1 NNR). All NNRs in Scotland are also designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Many also form part of the Natura 2000 network, which covers Special Protection Areas and Special Areas of Conservation . Additionally, some of the NNRs are designated as Ramsar sites . There are 40 national scenic areas (NSAs) in Scotland, covering 13% of

240-565: The Scottish Government on nature conservation, and acts as a government agent in the delivery of conservation designations , i.e. national nature reserves , local nature reserves , national parks , Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), Special Areas of Conservation , Special Protection Areas and the national scenic areas . It receives annual funding from the Government in the form of Grant in Aid to deliver Government priorities for

270-548: The local authorities through which a route passes. NatureScot is governed by its board . As of August 2022, the board is made up of twelve members and is chaired by Prof Colin Galbraith. Board members are appointed by Scottish Government ministers for an initial term of four years and normally serve a maximum of two terms. The primary roles of the board are to determine the objectives, strategies and policies of NatureScot in respect to its statutory obligations and guidance from

300-600: The local plan (produced by the planning authority ), and often supplemented by local by-laws. However, there is no national legal protection specifically for LNRs. Information on LNRs is available from the Countryside Council for Wales ( A Place for Nature at your Doorstep: the role of Local Nature Reserves , 2004), Natural England ( Local Nature Reserves: places for people and wildlife , 2000) and Scottish Natural Heritage ( Local Nature Reserves in Scotland:

330-684: The national scenic areas . The conservation designations overlap considerably with many protected areas covered by multiple designations. In total around 20% of the area of Scotland is covered by some form of protected area designation, with SSSIs alone covering 13%. National nature reserves (NNRs) are areas of land or water designated under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 to contain habitats and species of national importance. NNRs can be owned by public, private, community or voluntary organisations but must be managed to conserve their important habitats and species, as well as providing opportunities for

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360-543: The Countryside Act 1949 combined elements of several of these categories in its definition of a nature reserve (Section 15). The hope of the Special Committee was to see sites protected which represented sites of local scientific interest, which could be used by schools for field teaching and experiment, and in which people with no special interest in natural history could "... derive great pleasure from

390-699: The Protected Areas Committee, and the Audit and Risk Committee. NatureScot programmes and priorities have a strong focus on helping to deliver the Scottish Government's National Outcomes and Targets which comprise the National Performance Framework. NatureScot is also a member of SEARS (Scotland's Environmental and Rural Services) . The agency was formed as Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) in 1992 from

420-696: The Scottish Government. Meetings of the NatureScot Board are open to the public to attend as observers. Day-to-day operations are led by the Senior Leadership Team, consisting of a chief executive, who is appointed by the board, and a number of directors and deputy directors. As of August 2022 the Senior Leadership Team comprised: Supporting the Board are three committee, the Scientific Advisory Committee,

450-576: The United Kingdom and towards fulfilling its international obligations. The agency was formed in 1992 as Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). In November 2019 it was announced that SNH would be re-branded as NatureScot, however its legal persona and statutory functions would remain unchanged. The change took effect on 24 August 2020. The general aims of NatureScot as established in the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 are to: For

480-581: The amalgamation of the Nature Conservancy Council for Scotland and the Countryside Commission for Scotland to "secure the conservation and enhancement of, and to foster understanding and facilitate the enjoyment of the natural heritage of Scotland". In March 2003, Scottish Ministers announced their decision to transfer SNH's headquarters from Edinburgh to Inverness , with around 270 jobs to be transferred. Prior to

510-507: The biosecurity activities delivered on the non-linked islands of the archipelago". The project, which is run by a partnership including NatureScot, RSPB Scotland and Orkney Islands Council , uses "humane DOC150 and DOC200 traps". A report issued in October 2020 stated that over 5,000 traps had been deployed. Specifics were provided as to the locations. Not all was going well as of 15 January 2021, according to The Times which stated that

540-691: The design including achieving an 'Excellent' rating under the BREEAM system. The final design met all criteria and achieved the highest ever BREEAM rating for a public building in the UK. On 1 August 2010, the functions of the Deer Commission for Scotland were transferred to SNH by section 1 of the Public Services (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2010 and the Commission was dissolved. In 2020 SNH

570-486: The land area of Scotland. The 40 NSAs were originally identified in 1978 by the Countryside Commission for Scotland in 1978 as areas of "national scenic significance... of unsurpassed attractiveness which must be conserved as part of our national heritage". Vulnerable plant and animal species in Scotland are protected under various legislation. In many cases it is an offence to kill or capture members of

600-403: The move, relocation costs were variously estimated at between £22 million and £40 million. The decision to transfer SNH's headquarters was heavily criticized by MSPs , unions, Edinburgh civic leaders and staff. Criticism focused on the cost of the move, the disruption to staff and the risk of compromising the effectiveness of SNH's work. Up to 75% of headquarters staff were reported to be against

630-503: The move. Relocation took place between 2003 and 2006, many staff left at this point as they did not wish to, or were unable to transfer location. In 2006, SNH headquarters staff moved into Great Glen House, a £15 million purpose-built headquarters building in Inverness. Great Glen House was built by Robertson Property, working with Keppie Design. As part of the tendering process, SNH set seven environmental and sustainability criteria for

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660-549: The natural heritage. NatureScot is the Scottish Government's adviser on all aspects of nature, wildlife management and landscape across Scotland, and also helps the Scottish Government meet its responsibilities under European environmental laws, particularly in relation to the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive . The agency currently employs in the region of 700 people, but much of NatureScot's work

690-456: The owner. The land must lie within the area which the declaring authority controls. LNRs are of local, but not necessarily national, importance. LNRs are almost always owned by local authorities, who often pass the management of the LNR onto County Wildlife Trusts . LNRs also often have good public access and facilities. An LNR can also be an SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest) , but often

720-588: The peaceful contemplation of nature ." A Local Nature Reserve (capitalised) is a statutory designation made under Section 21 – "Establishment of nature reserves by local authorities" – of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 by principal local authorities (district, borough or unitary councils) in England , Scotland and Wales . Parish and town councils in England have no direct power to designate nature reserves, but they can have

750-532: The powers to do so delegated to them by their principal local authority using section 101 of the Local Government Act 1972 . The first LNR in Scotland was established in 1952 at Aberlady in East Lothian . To establish a LNR, the declaring local authority must first have a legal interest in the land concerned, for example, they could own it, lease it or have a nature reserve agreement with

780-403: The project "has been hit by alleged sabotage after the destruction and theft of traps that have also killed and injured household pets and other animals" but added that the £6 million programme was supported by most islanders. Another news item stated that some of the traps had "caught and killed family pets as well as hundreds of other animals". A subsequent report confirmed that "Police Scotland

810-529: The public to enjoy and engage with nature. There are currently 43 NNRs in Scotland, which cover 154,250 hectares (1,542.5 km ). NatureScot is responsible for designating NNRs in Scotland and for overseeing their maintenance and management. The majority of NNRs are directly managed by NatureScot; however, some are managed by, or in co-operation with other bodies, including the National Trust for Scotland (7 NNRs), Forestry and Land Scotland (5 NNRs),

840-588: The purposes of the Act, Scotland's natural heritage is defined as the flora and fauna of Scotland, its geological and physiographical features and its natural beauty and amenity. Specific responsibilities of NatureScot include: NatureScot has responsibility for the delivery of conservation designations in Scotland, i.e. national nature reserves , local nature reserves , long distance routes , national parks , Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), Special Areas of Conservation , Special Protection Areas and

870-601: Was formally codified by the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 . It also hosts the National Access Forum, which brings together all bodies with an interest in land access issues. NatureScot also support the management of the three regional parks . It acts as the "custodian" of Scotland's Great Trails , maintaining the official list and providing some finance and publicity to the trails, although responsibility for creating and maintaining each route lies with

900-496: Was re-branded as NatureScot. In support of its statutory duties, NatureScot undertakes many individual projects across Scotland, often in collaboration with land managers, charities and local communities. The introduction of alien stoats since 2010 has created serious problems for native species in Orkney : The introduction of a ground predator like the stoat to islands such as Orkney, where there are no native ground predators,

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