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49-663: [REDACTED] Look up LRC in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. LRC may refer to: Organizations [ edit ] Academic [ edit ] La Roche College , a Catholic college in Pennsylvania Lenoir–Rhyne College, now Lenoir–Rhyne University in North Carolina Learning resource center , a term for a school library Learning Resource Centre (or Library Resource Centre),

98-480: A harmonic oscillator for current, and resonates in a manner similar to an LC circuit . Introducing the resistor increases the decay of these oscillations, which is also known as damping . The resistor also reduces the peak resonant frequency. Some resistance is unavoidable even if a resistor is not specifically included as a component. RLC circuits have many applications as oscillator circuits . Radio receivers and television sets use them for tuning to select

147-528: A Bombardier passenger train used by Via Rail Canada Humber LRC (Light Reconnaissance Car), a British recon vehicle from WW2 Long range cruise, in aviation; for example see Bell UH-1Y Venom Other uses [ edit ] Northern Luri language , the ISO 639-3 language code (lrc) Leadership reaction course, for example at Joint Base Cape Cod Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

196-479: A Bombardier passenger train used by Via Rail Canada Humber LRC (Light Reconnaissance Car), a British recon vehicle from WW2 Long range cruise, in aviation; for example see Bell UH-1Y Venom Other uses [ edit ] Northern Luri language , the ISO 639-3 language code (lrc) Leadership reaction course, for example at Joint Base Cape Cod Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

245-568: A British school library which also provides access to on-line resources Livingston Robotics Club , a robotics club in Livingston, New Jersey, US Lugar Research Center , a Tbilisi biological institute Business [ edit ] Leicester Regeneration Company, a former Urban Regeneration Company in Leicester, UK London Rubber Company, a British company which distributed imported condoms, later part of SSL International , which

294-452: A British school library which also provides access to on-line resources Livingston Robotics Club , a robotics club in Livingston, New Jersey, US Lugar Research Center , a Tbilisi biological institute Business [ edit ] Leicester Regeneration Company, a former Urban Regeneration Company in Leicester, UK London Rubber Company, a British company which distributed imported condoms, later part of SSL International , which

343-478: A Canadian magazine of book reviews, essays and poetry Science and technology [ edit ] Left-right confusion , the inability to accurately differentiate between left and right Leukocyte Receptor Complex, the gene cluster containing Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors Longitudinal redundancy check , an error detection number calculated over a serial data stream Long Range Certificate , an internationally recognized certificate that entitles

392-478: A Canadian magazine of book reviews, essays and poetry Science and technology [ edit ] Left-right confusion , the inability to accurately differentiate between left and right Leukocyte Receptor Complex, the gene cluster containing Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors Longitudinal redundancy check , an error detection number calculated over a serial data stream Long Range Certificate , an internationally recognized certificate that entitles

441-447: A conversion factor. A more general measure of bandwidth is the fractional bandwidth, which expresses the bandwidth as a fraction of the resonance frequency and is given by The fractional bandwidth is also often stated as a percentage. The damping of filter circuits is adjusted to result in the required bandwidth. A narrow band filter, such as a notch filter , requires low damping. A wide band filter requires high damping. The Q factor

490-404: A former Canadian political group Lebanese Red Cross , a Lebanese humanitarian and non-profit organization Legal Resources Centre , a South African public-interest law organisation London Reception Centre , an MI5 processing location for aliens during World War II Law Revision Counsel , a U.S. Congressional office overseeing publication of the U.S. Code Logistics Readiness Center ,

539-404: A former Canadian political group Lebanese Red Cross , a Lebanese humanitarian and non-profit organization Legal Resources Centre , a South African public-interest law organisation London Reception Centre , an MI5 processing location for aliens during World War II Law Revision Counsel , a U.S. Congressional office overseeing publication of the U.S. Code Logistics Readiness Center ,

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588-440: A lossless LC circuit – that is, one with no resistor present. The resonant frequency for a driven RLC circuit is the same as a circuit in which there is no damping, hence undamped resonant frequency. The resonant frequency peak amplitude, on the other hand, does depend on the value of the resistor and is described as the damped resonant frequency. A highly damped circuit will fail to resonate at all, when not driven. A circuit with

637-494: A military project of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff Linguistics Research Center at UT Austin , a research group at the University of Texas London Rowing Club , a British sports club Media [ edit ] LetsRun.Com , a running news website and forum Left, Right & Center , a political public radio program LewRockwell.com , a libertarian news and commentary website Literary Review of Canada ,

686-435: A military project of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff Linguistics Research Center at UT Austin , a research group at the University of Texas London Rowing Club , a British sports club Media [ edit ] LetsRun.Com , a running news website and forum Left, Right & Center , a political public radio program LewRockwell.com , a libertarian news and commentary website Literary Review of Canada ,

735-402: A narrow frequency range from ambient radio waves. In this role, the circuit is often referred to as a tuned circuit. An RLC circuit can be used as a band-pass filter , band-stop filter , low-pass filter or high-pass filter . The tuning application, for instance, is an example of band-pass filtering. The RLC filter is described as a second-order circuit, meaning that any voltage or current in

784-417: A single sinusoid with phase shift, The underdamped response is a decaying oscillation at frequency ω d . The oscillation decays at a rate determined by the attenuation α . The exponential in α describes the envelope of the oscillation. B 1 and B 2 (or B 3 and the phase shift φ in the second form) are arbitrary constants determined by boundary conditions. The frequency ω d

833-420: A tuning fork will carry on ringing after it has been struck, and the effect is often called ringing. This effect is the peak natural resonance frequency of the circuit and in general is not exactly the same as the driven resonance frequency, although the two will usually be quite close to each other. Various terms are used by different authors to distinguish the two, but resonance frequency unqualified usually means

882-586: A value of resistor that causes it to be just on the edge of ringing is called critically damped . Either side of critically damped are described as underdamped (ringing happens) and overdamped (ringing is suppressed). Circuits with topologies more complex than straightforward series or parallel (some examples described later in the article) have a driven resonance frequency that deviates from   ω 0 = 1 / L C     {\displaystyle \ \omega _{0}=1/{\sqrt {L\,C~}}\ } , and for those

931-458: Is The critically damped response represents the circuit response that decays in the fastest possible time without going into oscillation. This consideration is important in control systems where it is required to reach the desired state as quickly as possible without overshooting. D 1 and D 2 are arbitrary constants determined by boundary conditions. The series RLC can be analyzed for both transient and steady AC state behavior using

980-465: Is a widespread measure used to characterise resonators. It is defined as the peak energy stored in the circuit divided by the average energy dissipated in it per radian at resonance. Low- Q circuits are therefore damped and lossy and high- Q circuits are underdamped and prone to amplitude extremes if driven at the resonant frequency. Q is related to bandwidth; low- Q circuits are wide-band and high- Q circuits are narrow-band. In fact, it happens that Q

1029-446: Is at a minimum. Equivalently, it can be defined as the frequency at which the impedance is purely real (that is, purely resistive). This occurs because the impedances of the inductor and capacitor at resonant are equal but of opposite sign and cancel out. Circuits where L and C are in parallel rather than series actually have a maximum impedance rather than a minimum impedance. For this reason they are often described as antiresonators ; it

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1078-442: Is defined as the ratio of these two; although, sometimes ζ is not used, and α is referred to as damping factor instead; hence requiring careful specification of one's use of that term. In the case of the series RLC circuit, the damping factor is given by The value of the damping factor determines the type of transient that the circuit will exhibit. The differential equation has the characteristic equation , The roots of

1127-451: Is given by This is called the damped resonance frequency or the damped natural frequency. It is the frequency the circuit will naturally oscillate at if not driven by an external source. The resonance frequency, ω 0 , which is the frequency at which the circuit will resonate when driven by an external oscillation, may often be referred to as the undamped resonance frequency to distinguish it. The critically damped response ( ζ = 1 )

1176-418: Is measured in nepers per second. However, the unitless damping factor (symbol ζ , zeta) is often a more useful measure, which is related to α by The special case of ζ = 1 is called critical damping and represents the case of a circuit that is just on the border of oscillation. It is the minimum damping that can be applied without causing oscillation. The resonance effect can be used for filtering,

1225-776: Is now part of Reckitt Benckiser London Rail Concession , the franchising of railway services in London Miscellaneous [ edit ] Learning Resource Center, a Flowserve training site Labour Representation Committee (1900) , the historical predecessor of the British Labour Party Labour Representation Committee (2004) , a modern pressure group within the British Labour Party Manitoba Labour Representation Committee (1912–1915),

1274-462: Is now part of Reckitt Benckiser London Rail Concession , the franchising of railway services in London Miscellaneous [ edit ] Learning Resource Center, a Flowserve training site Labour Representation Committee (1900) , the historical predecessor of the British Labour Party Labour Representation Committee (2004) , a modern pressure group within the British Labour Party Manitoba Labour Representation Committee (1912–1915),

1323-409: Is still usual, however, to name the frequency at which this occurs as the resonant frequency. The resonance frequency is defined in terms of the impedance presented to a driving source. It is still possible for the circuit to carry on oscillating (for a time) after the driving source has been removed or it is subjected to a step in voltage (including a step down to zero). This is similar to the way that

1372-843: Is the inverse of fractional bandwidth Q factor is directly proportional to selectivity , as the Q factor depends inversely on bandwidth. For a series resonant circuit ( as shown below ), the Q factor can be calculated as follows: where X {\displaystyle \,X\,} is the reactance either of L {\displaystyle \,L\,} or of C {\displaystyle \,C\,} at resonance, and Z o ≡ L C . {\displaystyle \,Z_{\text{o}}\equiv {\sqrt {{\frac {L}{\,C\,}}\,}}\;.} The parameters ζ , B f , and Q are all scaled to ω 0 . This means that circuits which have similar parameters share similar characteristics regardless of whether or not they are operating in

1421-440: Is the need to take into account inductor resistance. Inductors are typically constructed from coils of wire, the resistance of which is not usually desirable, but it often has a significant effect on the circuit. An important property of this circuit is its ability to resonate at a specific frequency, the resonance frequency , f 0 . Frequencies are measured in units of hertz . In this article, angular frequency , ω 0 ,

1470-405: Is used because it is more mathematically convenient. This is measured in radians per second. They are related to each other by a simple proportion, Resonance occurs because energy for this situation is stored in two different ways: in an electric field as the capacitor is charged and in a magnetic field as current flows through the inductor. Energy can be transferred from one to the other within

1519-685: The Laplace transform . If the voltage source above produces a waveform with Laplace-transformed V ( s ) (where s is the complex frequency s = σ + jω ), the KVL can be applied in the Laplace domain: where I ( s ) is the Laplace-transformed current through all components. Solving for I ( s ) : And rearranging, we have Solving for the Laplace admittance Y ( s ) : Simplifying using parameters α and ω 0 defined in

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1568-415: The transient response of the circuit will die away after the stimulus has been removed. Neper occurs in the name because the units can also be considered to be nepers per second, neper being a logarithmic unit of attenuation. ω 0 is the angular resonance frequency. For the case of the series RLC circuit these two parameters are given by: A useful parameter is the damping factor , ζ , which

1617-417: The circuit and this can be oscillatory. A mechanical analogy is a weight suspended on a spring which will oscillate up and down when released. This is no passing metaphor; a weight on a spring is described by exactly the same second order differential equation as an RLC circuit and for all the properties of the one system there will be found an analogous property of the other. The mechanical property answering to

1666-437: The circuit can be described by a second-order differential equation in circuit analysis. The three circuit elements, R, L and C, can be combined in a number of different topologies . All three elements in series or all three elements in parallel are the simplest in concept and the most straightforward to analyse. There are, however, other arrangements, some with practical importance in real circuits. One issue often encountered

1715-432: The circuit has fallen to half the value passed at resonance. There are two of these half-power frequencies, one above, and one below the resonance frequency where Δ ω is the bandwidth, ω 1 is the lower half-power frequency and ω 2 is the upper half-power frequency. The bandwidth is related to attenuation by where the units are radians per second and nepers per second respectively. Other units may require

1764-450: The circuit solves in three different ways depending on the value of ζ . These are overdamped ( ζ > 1 ), underdamped ( ζ < 1 ), and critically damped ( ζ = 1 ). The overdamped response ( ζ > 1 ) is The overdamped response is a decay of the transient current without oscillation. The underdamped response ( ζ < 1 ) is By applying standard trigonometric identities the two trigonometric functions may be expressed as

1813-417: The driven resonance frequency. The driven frequency may be called the undamped resonance frequency or undamped natural frequency and the peak frequency may be called the damped resonance frequency or the damped natural frequency. The reason for this terminology is that the driven resonance frequency in a series or parallel resonant circuit has the value. This is exactly the same as the resonance frequency of

1862-407: The equation above yields: For the case where the source is an unchanging voltage, taking the time derivative and dividing by L leads to the following second order differential equation: This can usefully be expressed in a more generally applicable form: α and ω 0 are both in units of angular frequency . α is called the neper frequency , or attenuation , and is a measure of how fast

1911-486: The equation in s -domain are, The general solution of the differential equation is an exponential in either root or a linear superposition of both, The coefficients A 1 and A 2 are determined by the boundary conditions of the specific problem being analysed. That is, they are set by the values of the currents and voltages in the circuit at the onset of the transient and the presumed value they will settle to after infinite time. The differential equation for

1960-436: The 💕 [REDACTED] Look up LRC in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. LRC may refer to: Organizations [ edit ] Academic [ edit ] La Roche College , a Catholic college in Pennsylvania Lenoir–Rhyne College, now Lenoir–Rhyne University in North Carolina Learning resource center , a term for a school library Learning Resource Centre (or Library Resource Centre),

2009-519: The holder to participate in marine and mobile radio telephony on leisure crafts LRC circuit , an inductance-resistance-capacitance circuit LRC (file format) , a lyrics file format with time tags Transport [ edit ] LRC, IATA code for Leicester Airport , near Leicester, UK Lorong Chuan MRT station , MRT station in Serangoon, Singapore, abbreviated to LRC Light, Rapid, Comfortable (French: Léger, Rapide, et Confortable ),

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2058-462: The holder to participate in marine and mobile radio telephony on leisure crafts LRC circuit , an inductance-resistance-capacitance circuit LRC (file format) , a lyrics file format with time tags Transport [ edit ] LRC, IATA code for Leicester Airport , near Leicester, UK Lorong Chuan MRT station , MRT station in Serangoon, Singapore, abbreviated to LRC Light, Rapid, Comfortable (French: Léger, Rapide, et Confortable ),

2107-414: The rapid change in impedance near resonance can be used to pass or block signals close to the resonance frequency. Both band-pass and band-stop filters can be constructed and some filter circuits are shown later in the article. A key parameter in filter design is bandwidth . The bandwidth is measured between the cutoff frequencies , most frequently defined as the frequencies at which the power passed through

2156-408: The resistor in the circuit is friction in the spring–weight system. Friction will slowly bring any oscillation to a halt if there is no external force driving it. Likewise, the resistance in an RLC circuit will "damp" the oscillation, diminishing it with time if there is no driving AC power source in the circuit. The resonant frequency is defined as the frequency at which the impedance of the circuit

2205-442: The same frequency band. The article next gives the analysis for the series RLC circuit in detail. Other configurations are not described in such detail, but the key differences from the series case are given. The general form of the differential equations given in the series circuit section are applicable to all second order circuits and can be used to describe the voltage or current in any element of each circuit. In this circuit,

2254-1090: The three components are all in series with the voltage source . The governing differential equation can be found by substituting into Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) the constitutive equation for each of the three elements. From the KVL, where V R , V L and V C are the voltages across R , L , and C , respectively, and V ( t ) is the time-varying voltage from the source. Substituting V R = R   I ( t ) , {\displaystyle V_{R}=R\ I(t)\,,} V L = L d I ( t ) d t {\displaystyle \,V_{\mathrm {L} }=L{\frac {\mathrm {d} I(t)}{\mathrm {d} t}}\,} and V C = V ( 0 ) + 1 C ∫ 0 t I ( τ ) d τ {\displaystyle \,V_{\mathrm {C} }=V(0)+{\frac {1}{\,C\,}}\int _{0}^{t}I(\tau )\,\mathrm {d} \tau \,} into

2303-489: The title LRC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LRC&oldid=1255251884 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages LRC From Misplaced Pages,

2352-498: The title LRC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LRC&oldid=1255251884 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages LRC circuit The circuit forms

2401-413: The undamped resonance frequency, damped resonance frequency and driven resonance frequency can all be different. Damping is caused by the resistance in the circuit. It determines whether or not the circuit will resonate naturally (that is, without a driving source). Circuits that will resonate in this way are described as underdamped and those that will not are overdamped. Damping attenuation (symbol α )

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