96-610: This is a list of cycle routes in London that have been waymarked with formal route signage include 'Cycleways' (including 'Cycle Superhighways' and 'Quietways) and the older London Cycle Network, all designated by the local government body Transport for London (TfL), National Cycle Network routes designated by the sustainable transport charity Sustrans , and miscellaneous 'Greenways' created by various bodies. Most recently, in May 2020 TfL announced its 'Streetspace for London' in response to
192-479: A characteristic of Camden's children's health services. Her insider's view was corroboration – in addition to the 2001 "Inequalities" report by Director of Public Health Maggie Barker of "stark contrasts in" health and education opportunities – of earlier similar Audit Commission findings and a verification/update of the 1999 CNJ report. The following table shows the ethnic demographics in Camden. The following shows
288-409: A clearance of less than 16 feet 7 inches (5.05 m) are normally signed. Signs were formerly only in feet and inches, but from 2015 new or replacement signs must contain both imperial and metric measurements. The signs used at a low bridge depend on the type above the road. If a beam bridge with a horizontal clearance, the roundel is used and the limit is a prohibition. However, if the bridge
384-437: A couple of years, with the warning and direction signs taking a longer amount of time. Few pre-1964 warning signs survived more than about ten years and while direction signs were similarly replaced more have survived as they were not deemed as essential. The system currently in use was mainly developed in the late 1950s and the early 1960s, with additional colour-coding introduced in the mid-1980s. There were three major steps in
480-402: A diagonal red line. Circular blue signs mainly give a positive (mandatory) instruction. Such circular signs may be accompanied by, or placed on, a rectangular plate (information) that provides details of the prohibition or instruction; for example, waiting and loading plates and zone entry signs. 'Stop' signs (octagonal) and 'give way' signs (inverted triangle) are the two notable exceptions,
576-510: A distance. Some were unusual, such as 'SCHOOL' (and later 'CHILDREN') was depicted by the 'flaming torch of knowledge'. The government made increasing efforts to standardise road signs in the Road Traffic Act 1930 (RTA) and regulations of 1933, being finally consolidated with the publication of the 1934 Road Traffic Acts and Regulations handbook. These saw the end of non-standard permanent signs being erected by motoring clubs, such as
672-472: A large event is being held. For use on busy motorways and other wide roads where verge mounted signs would be frequently obstructed by other traffic. London Borough of Camden The London Borough of Camden ( / ˈ k æ m d ə n / ) is a borough in Inner London , England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross . The borough
768-769: A major regeneration of the area has occurred with the King's Cross Central development happening behind the station. London Overground 's North London Line services run through the borough serving Camden Road , Kentish Town West , Gospel Oak , Hampstead Heath , Finchley Road & Frognal and West Hampstead . London Overground also operates the Watford DC Line services from Euston serving South Hampstead , trains continue to Watford in Hertfordshire . Thameslink route services serve St Pancras , Kentish Town and West Hampstead Thameslink stations. Currently
864-685: A map of streetspace interventions. The London Cycle Network Plus (LCN+) aimed to provide a 900 kilometre network of cycle routes throughout Greater London. It was funded by Transport for London and managed by the LCN+ Project Team at the London Borough of Camden . It was launched in 2001, replacing the earlier London Cycle Network (LCN) project (which had begun rollout in 1981, originally planning 3000 miles of signposted routes), and wound up in 2010. Although some LCN routes have been upgraded to TfL's new Quietways and Cycle Superhighways,
960-424: A much larger presence of British Transport Police (BTP) than many other London boroughs. BTP are responsible for policing Great Britain's railway network. The area has three fire stations: Euston, Kentish Town and West Hampstead and they are operated by London Fire Brigade in the borough of Camden. None of these fire stations are home to any specialist units; only pumping appliances and a rescue tender. Camden
1056-485: A number of signs are unique: direction signs omit European route numbers, and road signs generally use the imperial system of units ( miles and yards ), unlike the rest of Europe ( kilometres and metres ). Signs in Wales ( Welsh ) and parts of Scotland ( Scottish Gaelic ) are bilingual. A range of signs are used on British roads, such as motorway signs, warning signs and regulatory signs. The United Kingdom signed
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#17327732518041152-458: A pink logo, other distinctive features included blue cycle lanes on some of the routes (the brand colour of the scheme's original sponsor, Barclays ) and 'totem' style signage pillars. London's Cycle Superhighways were first announced in 2008 by Mayor Ken Livingstone . The original proposal consisted of 12 radial routes, with routes numbered in 'clock face' fashion. However, several of these proposed routes were never built, due to opposition from
1248-716: A radial and orbital scheme, as shown by the groupings in the table below. Some routes were also part of the Sustrans National Cycle Network – these are signposted with route numbers on a red background. There were also a comparable number of un-numbered routes in the scheme. These are not listed in the table below. The last edition of the LCN route map to be published was the 5th edition (2004). The sustainable transport charity Sustrans describe their National Cycle Network (NCN) as "a network of safe traffic-free paths and quiet on-road cycling" that "criss-cross
1344-556: A red open triangle for a hazard or warning. The latter two could provide more detail by having an information plate below them, but often it was left to the motorist to guess what the sign was referring to, and it was common to have variations between different local areas for what was a prohibition or just a "notice". This format was to develop into the British road sign that was standard from 1934 until 1964. Before this time regulations for traffic signs were published under powers created by
1440-409: A schoolboy and girl marching off a kerb, 'CHILDREN' a boy and girl playing handball on a kerb's edge. A train 'CROSSING NO GATES' was given a more toy-like locomotive. Meanwhile, the triangle was inverted for 'HALT' and 'SLOW', while 'NO ENTRY' became a combination sign - a red disc bisected by a horizontal white rectangle bearing the lettering. Orders were now black on white, save for 'NO WAITING', which
1536-492: A system of white-on-brown direction signs for tourist and recreational attractions. TSRGD 2002 updated this and introduced a system of black-on-yellow signs for roadworks . TSRGD 2016 is the current version in force. On Advance Direction Signs, as introduced under the Guildford Rules, the background colour indicates the category of route on which it is located. On all directional signs, destination names are placed on
1632-489: A temporary change, such as roadworks or route diversions, are denoted with a yellow background. Usually, these signs use a simple black on yellow colour code, more complex signage use the conventional signs superimposed onto a yellow background. In some areas, such as the Dartmoor National Park , additional signs and colours are used to distinguish road conditions. In addition to the national colour schemes,
1728-477: A warning or hazard), a red ring (for an order), and a red open triangle in a circle for a new warning with an order (which had the plates 'SLOW - MAJOR ROAD AHEAD' and 'HALT AT MAJOR ROAD AHEAD', the predecessors of 'GIVE WAY' and 'STOP' signs respectively). All signs were to carry information plates mounted below them, which were illustrated with a wide range of prescribed standardised symbols, and only text when no symbol existed. The lettering and symbols were black on
1824-488: A white background, except for orders (like 'TURN LEFT') which were white on blue. New to the UK were the first combination sign, which incorporated information on the sign itself, the 30 miles per hour (48 km/h) speed restriction (introduced in 1934), with '30' in black letters on a white disc surrounded by a red ring, to indicate it is an order sign. The 30 mph (48 km/h) sign was accompanied by its 'derestriction' sign,
1920-447: A white disc with a diagonal black band bisecting it, which marked the end of the restriction. Neither of these signs required separate information plates. The 1934 RTA&R also clarified direction and distance signage, which remained in that form until 1964. All signs were mounted on posts painted in black and white stripes, and their reverse sides were finished black, green, or more rarely (usually after repainting) white. The 'HALT' plate
2016-409: Is a mixed-case font and is used for all text on fixed permanent signs except route numbers on motorway signs. It is used in two weights: Transport Medium (for light text on dark backgrounds) and Transport Heavy (for dark text on light backgrounds). Motorway has a limited character set consisting of just numbers and a few letters and symbols needed to show route numbers; it has elongated characters and
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#17327732518042112-556: Is an arch over the road, warning signs are used as the height varies across the width of the carriageway. Bridges particularly at risk from strikes may have a variable message sign that is activated by high vehicles passing through an infra-red beam. When the sign is activated four amber lamps flash, the top pair alternating with the bottom pair. Some level crossings in the United Kingdom do not have gates or barriers. These crossings will have several signs posted on approach and at
2208-724: Is comparable with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices in the United States. The TSRGD is a Statutory Instrument that prescribes the sign faces and permitted variants that may be used on UK roads. The TSRGD is supported by the Traffic Signs Manual (TSM), which consists of eight separately-published chapters which provide "the codes to be followed in the use, siting, and illumination of signs both on all-purpose roads and motorways. It also covers temporary signs for use in connection with road works, in an emergency by
2304-427: Is designed to add emphasis to route numbers on motorways. Motorway is used to sign all route numbers on motorways themselves, and may also be used on non-motorway roads to sign directions in which motorway regulations apply immediately (such as motorway slip roads). Motorway Permanent is light characters on a dark background; Motorway Temporary is dark on light. Transport Medium and Motorway Permanent were developed for
2400-471: Is intended to terminate at Euston Station. The proposed Crossrail 2 line, (originally referred to as the Chelsea–Hackney line) would serve Euston and Tottenham Court Road underground stations. The increase in passengers at Euston as a result of the proposed High Speed 2 services is a major driver of the proposals. The formerly proposed Cross River Tram was going to start in the borough of Camden but
2496-509: Is policed by the Metropolitan Police Service . There are two police stations across the borough, situated at Holborn and Kentish Town . There are various other contact points around the borough including West Hampstead, Greenland Road, Highgate Road, Station House (Swiss Cottage), West End Lane , Hampstead Town Hall and Kingsway College. All locations have varying opening hours with Kentish Town Police Station open to
2592-471: Is served by 18 London Underground stations and 8 of the 11 lines. The three major rail termini are served by two underground stations, Euston and the combined King's Cross St Pancras station. Between them, the termini are served by the Circle , Hammersmith & City , Metropolitan , Northern , Piccadilly and Victoria lines. The Central and Jubilee lines serve other parts of the borough, as does
2688-490: Is the home of the British Library . In addition, Camden has numerous libraries which include: As well as a number of community libraries including Keats community library. There are no motorways in the borough, and few stretches of dual carriageway road, but the borough has great strategic transport significance to London, due to presence of three of the capital's most important rail termini, which are lined up along
2784-571: Is the local education authority for the borough, organised through the Children, Schools and Families directorate. Some of London's best universities and teaching institutions are located in the Borough of Camden. They include the main campus of University College London , part of the campus of the London School of Economics near Lincoln's Inn Fields, and Central Saint Martins . Camden
2880-466: The Abercrombie Plan for London (1944). As industry declined during the 1970s the population continued to decline, falling to 161,100 at the start of the 1980s. It has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites and the release of railway and gas work lands around Kings Cross . A 2017 study found that the eviction rate of 6 per 1,000 renting households in Camden is
2976-485: The COVID-19 pandemic . Not all these routes are dedicated 'traffic free' cycle tracks : most of them also include ordinary roads shared with motor traffic and footpaths shared with pedestrians. From summer 2019, TfL started branding new cycle routes (and re-branding and consolidating some existing routes) as 'Cycleways'. This was following feedback and criticism that the previous branding ('Superhighways' and 'Quietways')
List of cycle routes in London - Misplaced Pages Continue
3072-492: The Elizabeth line . As well as the two major termini stations, the borough's other stations are: Euston Square , Warren Street , Goodge Street , Tottenham Court Road , Holborn , Russell Square , Chancery Lane , Mornington Crescent , Camden Town , Chalk Farm , Belsize Park , Hampstead , West Hampstead , Finchley Road , Swiss Cottage and Kentish Town . The proposed High Speed 2 railway line to northern England
3168-567: The Euston Road . The position of the railway termini on Euston Road, rather than in a more central position further south, is a result of the influential recommendations of the 1846 Royal Commission on Metropolitan Railway Termini that sought to protect the West End districts a short distance south of the road. Three of the fourteen central London's railway terminals are located in the borough. Euston , St Pancras and Kings Cross are
3264-597: The Preston bypass in 1958. The UK government formed another committee in 1963 to review signage on all British roads. It was chaired by Sir Walter Worboys of Imperial Chemical Industries . The result was a document that defined traffic signing in Britain, the Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions (TSRGD). It was first introduced on 1 January 1965 but has been updated many times since. It
3360-459: The Road Traffic Act 1930 and so national road signage specifications were only advisory. Following a review of national signage in 1921, a limited number of warning and hazard information plates also used symbols, rather than only text. Such symbols had been developed in continental Europe as early as 1909, but before this had been dismissed by the UK which favoured the use of text. The symbols were simple silhouettes which were easy to recognise at
3456-861: The Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals on 8 November 1968 but has yet to fully ratify it. Modern British road signage can be traced to the development of the "ordinary" bicycle and the establishment of clubs to further the interests of its riders, notably the Cyclists' Touring Club (CTC), the National Cyclists' Union (NCU) and the Scottish Cyclists' Union (SCU). By the early 1880s, all three organisations were erecting their own cast-iron "danger boards". Importantly, these signs warned of hazards, rather than just stating distances or giving direction to places, acknowledging
3552-1028: The ' x-height ' (the height of the lower case letter 'x') and the 'stroke width' (sw) (4 sw = 1 x-height). The sizes of borders, symbols and arrows and the spacing and layout of the sign face are expressed in sw, so that all the elements remain in proportion. The x-height of a sign is dictated mainly by the speed of traffic approaching it; hence 300 mm (12 inches) x-heights are common on motorways, whereas parking signs are mostly at 15 mm ( 1 ⁄ 2 inch) or 20 mm ( 3 ⁄ 4 inch) x-height. Almost all signs have rounded corners. The United Kingdom uses mostly imperial units on road signs for distance measurements and speed limits. Vehicle weight limits are signed only in metric (TSRGD 1981) but older signs with height, width and length restrictions may show metric units in addition to imperial. For distances only miles and yards are used. From March 2015, all new height, width and length restrictions must have dual metric-imperial units. Whilst yards are used on signs,
3648-637: The Anderson Committee and appeared on the first motorway signs. The other two typefaces are similar but have additional stroke width in the letters to compensate for light backgrounds. These typefaces are the only ones permitted on road signs in the UK. Although signs containing other typefaces do appear occasionally in some places, they are explicitly forbidden in government guidelines and are technically illegal. Bilingual signs are used in Wales. Welsh highway authorities, until 2016, could choose whether
3744-666: The Bowen Committee recommended that they should be provided systematically throughout Wales. A small number of multilingual signs exist in the UK on major roads that leave major ports (such as the Port of Dover ). They give the UK standard speed limits and remind drivers to drive on the left , in English, French, and German. Multilingual 'no stopping' signs exist in several locations on the M25 . Another example of multilingual signs in
3840-690: The Cycleways network and the delivered Quietways are being gradually rebranded as 'Cycleways' (and renumbered in most cases). In May 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting need to maintain social distancing , TfL announced a programme of measures that includes additional cycling provision. Some of these measures are described as 'temporary', although others appear to include fast-tracking of permanent cycle routes. TfL implemented routes delivered under this programme have so far included: overview map 2 overview map 3 Additionally, numerous pop up cycle routes have been funded by TfL or
3936-545: The Cycleways network and will be rebranded as a numbered 'Cycleway'. First announced in 2015, TfL's Quietways targeted less confident cyclists who want to use routes with less traffic, whilst also providing for existing cyclists who want to travel at a more gentle pace. The route numbers were shown in purple on signs. The scheme lasted only three years before TfL decided to drop the Quietways brand, using 'Cycleways' for further new routes. All Quietways are now formally part of
List of cycle routes in London - Misplaced Pages Continue
4032-460: The Department for Transport as part of Streetspace, but implemented by boroughs. Funding has also been provided for Low Traffic Neighbourhoods , which have filtered roads to prevent through traffic through residential areas, having a knock on effect on cycling by improving links through these areas. As of January 2021, TfL's website listed over 30 different Streetspace schemes. Sustrans published
4128-627: The DfT's TSM (Traffic Signs Manual) generally places temporary road work distance signs at their respective places in metres (within an allowed 10% tolerance), meaning a temporary road sign indicating 200 yards (180 metres) actually indicates 200 metres (220 yards). Three colour combinations are used on Worboys direction signs depending upon the category of the route. All roads are categorised as either motorways (white on blue), primary routes (white on dark green with yellow route numbers), or non-primary routes (black on white). TSRGD 1994 also prescribed
4224-911: The Greenways initiative in 1994), Transport for London , the Canal and River Trust , the London Boroughs , the Royal Parks , the Lee Valley Regional Park Authority and the 2012 Olympic Delivery Authority, under various different funding programmes (including the 2009–2014 London Greenways scheme, the 2012 Games Walking and Cycling Routes programme, 'Connect2', the National Cycle Network, and others). The routes tend to have names rather than numbers, and many of them use waymarking signs or markers in
4320-626: The London termini for the West Coast , Midland and East Coast Main Lines and also High Speed 1 . This connects the borough with the East of England , East Midlands , West Midlands , North East & West England, North Wales, Scotland, South East England , France , Belgium and the Netherlands . Since 14 November 2007 when St Pancras International became the new terminus of Eurostar ,
4416-677: The N1, N6, N7, N19, NW1, NW2, NW3, NW5, NW6, NW8, EC1, WC1, WC2, W1 and W9 postcode areas. For planning policy purposes, the London Plan places Camden in the 'Central London' group of boroughs. The local authority is Camden Council, which meets at Camden Town Hall (formerly St Pancras Town Hall) in Judd Street in St Pancras , and has its headquarters at 5 Panrcas Square. Borough councillors are elected every four years. Since May 2022
4512-579: The National Cycle Network are co-opted by the European Cyclists' Federation as forming part of their international EuroVelo network, which is largely aimed at promoting cycling tourism in Europe. Additionally the Avenue Verte international route between London and Paris begins in central London. Neither EV2 nor EV12 are signed as EuroVelo routes, so cyclists would instead need to rely on
4608-711: The Thameslink network is undergoing a major expansion project called the Thameslink Programme . This will link more places in Southern England to the borough and to the East of England. While some services on the Great Northern network, which currently terminate at King's Cross will be diverted onto the Thameslink network, all work is due to be complete by 2016. The London Borough of Camden
4704-760: The UK are for Escape Lanes (or Runaway truck ramps ) warning not to block the escape lane in English, French, German and Spanish. In the Scottish Highlands and Islands, many road signs have Scottish Gaelic in green, in addition to English in black. This is part of the Gaelic language revival encouraged by many, including the Scottish Government and Bòrd na Gàidhlig . Road signs in the UK must be retroreflective in order for drivers to read them at night. There are three commonly used grades of materials used: Road signs, markings and signals in
4800-434: The UK streetscape ever. Unlike previous government efforts to regulate signage, which tended to be cumulative, Worboys argued a modernist position of starting from a clean slate, with all previous signs being deemed obsolete, illegal even, therefore subject to total and systematic replacement. As a result, local authorities were charged with massive resignage programmes. Order and Prohibition signs were almost all replaced within
4896-432: The United Kingdom . In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough were already developed and had a total population of 96,795. This continued to rise swiftly throughout the 19th century as the district became built up, reaching 270,197 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth slowed, for while many people were drawn in by new employment, others were made homeless by
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#17327732518044992-625: The United Kingdom are formally categorised into sets, identifiable by the design number: For clarity, signs are more commonly grouped together below The importance of a warning sign is emphasised by the red border around its edge and the triangular shape. Some warning signs do not have a red border like sharp deviation. The priority of traffic through the junction is indicated by the broader line. Examples below exclude low bridges, railway and tramway level crossings, bus and pedal cycle facilities, traffic calming and road works. Signs in circular red borders are prohibitive, whether or not they also have
5088-591: The black and yellow vitreous enamel AA signs (although this did not include temporary direction signs). While the RSAC had ceased erecting signs, the Royal Automobile Club (RAC) had begun to do so to RTA specifications (save for the inclusion of the RAC badge) and was very active in this respect in the late-1930s. The 1934 national British signs included: a red disc (for a prohibition), a red open triangle (for
5184-652: The carriageway, but there is no consistent scheme covering all of them. Some of the Greenways have been co-opted into the other TfL or Sustrans schemes listed earlier in this article. The table below lists the most notable Greenways in London. ‡ These routes were developed for the 2012 Summer Olympic Games Road signs in the United Kingdom Road signs in the United Kingdom and in its associated Crown dependencies and overseas territories conform broadly to European design norms , though
5280-428: The colour appropriate to the category of route used from that junction. A panel of one colour on a different colour of background, therefore, indicates a change of route status. A smaller area of colour, called a patch, surrounds a bracketed route number (but not its associated destination) to indicate a higher status route that is joined some distance away. A patch may only be coloured blue or green. Signs indicating
5376-483: The core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate . In the south, the old Borough of Holborn was formed from the combined parish of Bloomsbury and St Giles , and most of the parish of Holborn (with the remaining part in the ancient Farringdon Without ward of the City of London ). The economy and land uses of the West End and other southern parts of the borough reflect their more central location. Camden has
5472-402: The country, linking up villages, towns and cities". Eleven of these pass through London. NCN routes are signed with white lettering on a blue background, save for the route number, set on a small red rectangle. In July 2020 Sustrans de-designated nearly a quarter of its National Cycle Network on safety grounds, including some in London. Alternative text Per the notes column above, sections of
5568-720: The county of Middlesex . From 1856 the area was governed by the Metropolitan Board of Works , which was established to provide services across the metropolis of London. In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the County of London . From 1856 until 1900 the lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various parish vestries and district boards . The ancient parishes of Hampstead and St Pancras were each governed by their vestry . The various smaller parishes and territories to
5664-544: The crossing. Additional signs for level crossings used on private roads and paths are laid down in The Private Crossings (Signs and Barriers) Regulations 1996 . Some roads and pavements are shared with cyclists and buses. The word "local" on the bus symbol means the only buses that may use the lane are those running a local service. Where the word "local" is not shown, the lane may be used by any vehicle designed to carry more than eight passengers, excluding
5760-620: The development of the system. In 1957, a government committee was formed to design signs for the new motorway network. A system was needed that could be easily read at high speed. Colin Anderson , chairman of P&O , was appointed chairman; T. G. Usborne, of the Ministry of Transport , had charge of proceedings. Two graphic designers were commissioned to design the system of signage: Jock Kinneir and his assistant (and later business partner) Margaret Calvert . The new signs were first used on
5856-427: The distinctive shapes being recognisable even if the face is obscured by dirt or snow. The United Kingdom national speed limit for cars and motorcycles is 70 mph (110 km/h) on a motorway and dual carriageway, and 60 mph (97 km/h) on a single carriageway road. In urban areas where there is electric street lighting the speed limit is 30 mph (48 km/h) unless otherwise signed. Bridges with
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#17327732518045952-484: The driver, and local buses. Solo motorcycles may use the lane where the motorcycle symbol is shown on the signs. Other vehicles may enter and stop in a bus lane to load and unload unless signs alongside the lane indicate otherwise. Areas such as high streets and shopping areas may be signed as "pedestrian zones". Restrictions are detailed on zone entry signs and repeater plates. The entry signs may indicate that buses, taxis, disabled badge holders or permit holders may enter
6048-587: The electoral wards in Camden are: Since 2000, Camden forms part of the Barnet and Camden London Assembly constituency, represented by Anne Clarke of the Labour Party. There are two parliamentary constituencies covering Camden: Hampstead and Kilburn in the north, represented by Labour's Tulip Siddiq , and Holborn and St. Pancras in the south, represented by Keir Starmer , the Prime Minister of
6144-637: The erection of semi-standardised directional signs and mileposts in the latter years of the 19th century. The rise of motoring after 1896 saw the pattern repeated. The larger motoring clubs, notably The Automobile Association (AA) and the Royal Scottish Automobile Club (RSAC) erected their own, idiosyncratic warning boards and direction signs on a wide scale. Under the Motor Car Act 1903 four national signs were created which were to be set at least 8 ft (2.4 m) from
6240-483: The fact that cyclists, like modern motorists, were unlikely to be familiar with the roads they were travelling along and were moving too fast to take avoiding action without prior warning. In addition, it was the cycling lobby that successfully pressured the government in 1888 into vesting ownership of and responsibility for roads with county councils in previously established highway districts that would be funded from taxation rather than tolls. The districts were active in
6336-400: The ground and 50 yards (46 m) from their reference point. These signs were distinguished based on their shape, rather than a symbol or writing on them. These included a white ring meaning speed limited (as marked on a small information plate below it); a white (sometimes red) diamond for a "motor notice" such as a weight restriction (given on a plate below); a red disc for a prohibition; and
6432-474: The inclusion of glass reflectors. An alternative to casting and painting was vitreous enamelled sheet iron or steel . In the 1950s cast signs were quickly displaced by sheet metal (usually aluminium) coated with adhesive plastics; these could be made reflective, famously by Scotchlite . Such signs had become almost universal by the reforms of the early 1960s. The major reform of UK road signage to better reflect European practice happened in two stages. The first
6528-544: The less densely developed areas of Hampstead , Hampstead Heath and Kentish Town. There are a number of Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden . Neighbouring boroughs are the City of Westminster and the City of London to the south, Brent to the west of the originally Roman Watling Street (now the A5 Road) , Barnet and Haringey to the north and Islington to the east. It covers all or part of
6624-529: The lowest rate in London. The 2001 census gave Camden a population of 198,000, an undercount that was later revised to 202,600. The latest ONS projection puts the 2019 population at 270,000. On 20 May 1999, the Camden New Journal newspaper documented 'Two Camdens' syndrome as a high-profile phenomenon differentiating the characteristics of education services in its constituencies. In 2006, Dame Julia Neuberger's book reported similar variation as
6720-432: The majority throughout Greater London still exist and are signposted and/or indicated by carriageway markings (although not all the signage uses route numbers). Where route numbers are used in signs, this is usually the LCN route number, but on some route sections the 'LCN+ link' number has been used on signs. (LCN+ link numbers were usually internal reference numbers used for project management.) The LCN route numbering used
6816-472: The naming of the new boroughs suggested that the chosen name should be short and simple, and ideally one that was generally associated with the centre of the new Borough. The name "Camden" met those criteria. The name "Camden Town" was derived from Camden Place, the seat of Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden who had owned and developed land in the area in the 1790s. The transcribed diaries of William Copeland Astbury, recently made available, describe Camden and
6912-472: The new central London termini and construction of lines through the district. The population peaked at 376,500 in the 1890s, after which official efforts began to clear the overcrowded slums around St Pancras and Holborn . After World War II , further suburban public housing was built to rehouse the many Londoners made homeless in the Blitz , and there was an exodus from London towards the new towns under
7008-518: The north. Well known attractions include The British Museum , The British Library , the famous views from Parliament Hill , the London Zoo , the BT Tower , the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market . As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council . The area of the modern borough had historically been part of
7104-606: The park also uses white signs with a light blue border and text to denote routes suitable for medium-sized vehicles and white signs with a brown border and text for routes suitable for cars and small vehicles only. The park also uses fingerpost signs for routes suitable for local traffic only. These routes are publicised in park leaflets and other media. For ease of reference, the main colour-coding rules may be summarised as below: The colour-coding for panels on signs may be summarised as below: Two typefaces are specified for British road signs: Transport and Motorway . Transport
7200-473: The period of stay and a minimum time before returning to a particular parking place. Where a plate does not indicate the days of the week, the restrictions apply at the same times on every day, including Sunday. Where the time of day is not shown, the controls apply for 24 hours. If a bank holiday falls on a day when the controls are in operation, the controls apply in the normal way unless the plate states that they do not. Special restrictions may apply on days when
7296-587: The police, and temporary route signing by motoring organisations and highway authorities." To eliminate sign clutter in the mid-1980s, a colour-coding system was developed to indicate different route types on a single sign. The system, also adopted in Ireland , became known as Guildford Rules , after trials in Guildford , Surrey . Detailed guidelines govern road signs in the United Kingdom. The basic units of measurement used by sign designers and typographers are
7392-572: The public on a 24-hour basis. Hampstead Heath , situated within the London Borough of Camden and managed by the City of London Corporation , has its own Constabulary who deal with everyday incidents on the Heath, however, all serious criminal offences are passed to the Metropolitan Police to investigate. With a large London Underground network and major railway stations such as King's Cross , St Pancras and Euston , Camden also has
7488-584: The relevant national route (NCN) signage. London's "Greenways" are a loosely defined collection of mostly traffic-free shared cycling and walking routes, predominantly within (or connecting to) various parks and open spaces within Greater London. TfL and Sustrans claimed that "Greenways should be suitable for use by a novice adult cyclist, a family with young children or a sensible, unaccompanied 12-year-old". Greenways in London have been developed by numerous different bodies, including Sustrans (who began
7584-489: The religious identity of residents residing in Camden according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses. London is well known for its greenery and the Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden make an important contribution to this. Hampstead Heath is well known for its view over London, notably from Parliament Hill, its wild nature and its Hampstead Heath Ponds . Camden shares Regents Park with Westminster and
7680-416: The respective London boroughs . Initial implementation of the cycle superhighways also drew criticism on safety grounds, with poor design at some junctions, insufficient segregation of cyclists from motor traffic and slippery surfaces all contributing to numerous fatalities. In 2018 TfL dropped the 'cycle superhighway' name from use on any further projects. All the existing Cycle Superhighways are now part of
7776-515: The seventh largest economy in the UK with a number of major companies headquartered in the borough; Google is in the process of completing a major headquarter building in King's Cross. Camden Town Brewery is among the newer businesses that have thrived in the borough. In the far south of the borough, Lincoln's Inn Fields is within 500 metres of the Thames. The northern part of the borough includes
7872-579: The signs in their area were "English-priority" or "Welsh-priority", and the language having priority in each highway authority's area appeared first on signs. Most of south Wales used English-priority while western, mid, and most of northern Wales were Welsh-priority. New regulations that came into force in 2016 mandate all signs to be in Welsh first, with the existing "English-priority" signage being replaced only when they otherwise would. Bilingual signs were permitted by special authorisation after 1965, and in 1972
7968-692: The south were grouped into the St Giles District and Holborn District , each governed by a district board. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into metropolitan boroughs , including the Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead , the Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras (each covering the parish of the same name) and the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn , covering the combined area of the former St Giles District and Holborn District (subject to some boundary adjustments with neighbours on its south-eastern edges). The London borough of Camden
8064-525: The surrounding areas in great detail from 1829 to 1848. There are 162 English Heritage blue plaques in the borough of Camden representing the many diverse personalities that have lived there. The area of the old parish and borough of Hampstead in the north-west includes Belsize Park and part of Kilburn . The old parish and borough of St Pancras , which occupies most of the modern borough, includes Camden Town , Kentish Town , Gospel Oak , Somers Town , King's Cross , Chalk Farm , Dartmouth Park ,
8160-559: The time, the name "Camden" was the idea of Alderman Room, the Leader of Hampstead Council, and Mr Wilson, the Town Clerk, while travelling in a taxi through Camden Town . The name "Fleet" had also been suggested, after the underground river that flowed through the three boroughs, but that was rejected as the river was little more than a sewer. Other suggestions included "Penhamborn", 'Bornhamcras" and "Hohampion". Government guidelines for
8256-521: The views from Primrose Hill are famous. The Borough of Camden is home to a large number of primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Over recent years, a number of significant institutions have moved into the borough or are planning to do so. The included Central Saint Martins , the Francis Crick Institute , as well as the planned move by Moorfields Eye Hospital , recently unveiled as Project Oriel. The London Borough of Camden
8352-410: The war ended, larger motoring associations embarked upon a programme to erect temporary road signs. These temporary signs, which were not required to conform to the standardisation laid down by the government, usually displayed the motoring association’s logo and colour-scheme. Some road signs were subject to minor modification, mainly in the early post- World War II years. For instance, 'SCHOOL' became
8448-399: The zone. Examples of zone entry signs include: Both signs and road markings indicate waiting restrictions. On-street parking places may be designated for a particular class of vehicle (e.g. solo motorcycles or car) or a specific type of user (e.g. permit holders or disabled badge holders). Parking may be free or paid for (e.g. "pay and display" or parking meters). There may be a time limit on
8544-519: Was associated with the first motorway construction project and the development of a signage system for it by the Anderson Committee of 1957. Although it was additional to the existing signage, it set several benchmarks that were developed under the Worboys Committee of 1963 that was largely responsible for the road signage system effected from 1964, which is still current. Until Worboys, the most notable differences between European and UK signs
8640-429: Was black on yellow in a red ring. Some of these changes were part of an attempt to reflect European standards. Early road signs were usually cast iron , but this was increasingly displaced by cast aluminium in the 1930s. Cast signs were designed to be maintained by being repainted with the raised lettering and symbol easily picked out by an untrained hand. This sort of sign was sometimes given an element of night use by
8736-471: Was created in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963 . It covered the combined area of the three metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn, and St Pancras, which were all abolished. The initial Herbert Commission report recommended that the new borough consist of St Pancras and Hampstead, but Holborn was later added. According to Enid Wistrich, who was a member of Hampstead Council at
8832-450: Was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn , St Pancras and Hampstead . To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End , where it also borders the City of London . The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in
8928-756: Was scrapped by the former Mayor of London Boris Johnson in 2008. All bus services are operated by Transport for London . Buses serve every suburb in the borough. The 2011 census found that the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 21.5% of all residents aged 16–74; on foot, 9.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 9.2%; driving a car or van, 6.3%; work mainly at or from home, 5.2%; train, 4.1%; bicycle, 4.1%. The census also found that 61% of households had no car, 32% had one car and 7% of households had 2 or more cars. There were an estimated 46,000 cars belonging to Camden residents. "Camden Borough Profile" (PDF) . From 16 December 2013, Camden Council introduced
9024-579: Was sometimes "misleading". All new and existing routes must meet new, stricter 'Cycling Quality Criteria' in order for TfL to sign them as Cycleways. The Central London Cycle Grid is a partially completed scheme within central London which includes both numbered and unnumbered Cycleways, Cycle Superhighways and Quietways. London's Cycle Superhighways were a set of Bike freeways , that were aimed principally at commuters and more experienced cyclists, providing faster and more direct radial routes between outer and central London. In addition to route signage with
9120-430: Was the use of symbols without text wherever possible, thereby increasing the internationalism of their meaning, and with their combined nature, such as warning signs having the symbol inside the triangle instead of on a separate information plate, on the continent. The Worboys Committee recommended that such practices were adopted in the UK and the 'New Traffic Signs' of 1964 were part of the most comprehensive reformation of
9216-480: Was unique in being T-shaped; orders were mainly landscape and warnings always portrait. Sizes were strictly prescribed, the warning plate being 21 by 12 inches (53 cm × 30 cm) with the surmounting triangle 18 inches (46 cm) equal. As part of its anti-invasion preparations during World War II , the British government instructed all navigational signposts and railway station signs to be removed, so as not to aid potential enemy ground movements. After
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