49-598: The London Colosseum was a building to the east of Regent's Park, London . It was built in 1827 to exhibit Thomas Hornor 's " Panoramic view of London", the largest painting ever created. The design of the Colosseum was inspired by the Pantheon in Rome . It was demolished in 1875. The Colosseum was a venture of English artist and surveyor, Thomas Hornor , built to exhibit a vast panoramic view of London . The panorama
98-412: A Doric portico. It was built of brick rendered with cement in imitation of stone. On 12 December 1825, E. T. Parris started work on the panorama, which was based on Hornor's own drawings from the upper part of St. Paul's Cathedral . The project would involve great artistic as well as technical and mechanical challenges for the artist. By means of squares, Parris began to draw the outlines in chalk, on
147-557: A dais, separated by groups of Cupid and Psyche, bearing candelabra in the form of palm trees. The lift, described in the brochure as "the Ascending Room", capable of containing ten or twelve persons, which is raised by secret machinery" was now decorated in the Elizabethan style, and illuminated by stained glass windows. E.T. Parris repainted "The Grand Panorama of London" for the reopening in 1845, adding detail impossible in
196-609: A draughtsman and as an exponent of the classical style... John Nash needed the son's aid, as well as the father's". Subsequent to the Crown Estate's refusal to finance them, James Burton agreed to personally finance the construction projects of John Nash at Regent's Park, which he had already been commissioned to construct: consequently, in 1816, Burton purchased many of the leases of the proposed terraces around, and proposed villas within Regent's Park, and, in 1817, Burton purchased
245-620: A grotto-like vault ( grotte d'Arveyron ) and, through the accounts of early writers and explorers, attracted many more visitors, painters and later photographers, for example Joseph Mallord William Turner 's "Source of the Arveron in the Valley of Chamouni Savoy", 1816. The position of its front end fluctuated over the years but its maximum extent was in the mid-19th century. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein , The Modern Prometheus , references Mer de Glace during Victor Frankenstein 's hikes into
294-532: A realistic vision of the city at night. A nocturnal panorama of Paris was shown from 1848, and a panorama of the lake of Thun , in Switzerland in 1850. A lavishly decorated theatre was added in 1848, which showed a ten scene cyclorama of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake . In 1855, the Colosseum, with the Cyclorama was put up for auction. The highest bid, for a building on which around £200,000 had been spent,
343-404: A scale 16-times larger each way, or, in other words, 256-times the area of the original drawings. This was a work of much labour, and demanding close attention; but it was, nevertheless, completed by the following April. The painting (in oil ) was then started. Hornor engaged several artists to assist Parris in the undertaking, but progress was slow and unsatisfactory due to their unfamiliarity with
392-581: A total distance of 12 kilometres, covering an area of 32 square kilometres in the central third of the Mont Blanc massif. From the Aiguille du Tacul, the Mer de Glace flows north-north-west between Aiguille du Moine on the east and Trélaporte on the west. It descends below Montenvers, at which point it is approximately 0.5 km wide, and descends to approximately 1,500 metres (4,900 ft). The glacier
441-500: A week. The 1831 diary of William Copeland Astbury describes in detail his daily walks in and around the park, with references to the Zoo, the canal, and surrounding streets, as well as features of daily life in the area. On 15 January 1867, forty people died when the ice cover on the boating lake collapsed and over 200 people plunged into the lake. The lake was subsequently drained and its depth reduced to four feet before being reopened to
490-534: A wide range of facilities and amenities, including gardens; a lake with a heronry, waterfowl and a boating area; sports pitches; and children's playgrounds. The northern side of the park is the home of London Zoo and the headquarters of the Zoological Society of London . There are several public gardens with flowers and specimen plants, including Queen Mary's Gardens in the Inner Circle, in which
539-546: Is Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens . The park has an outer ring road called the Outer Circle (4.45 km) and an inner ring road called the Inner Circle (1 km), which surrounds the most carefully tended section of the park, Queen Mary's Gardens. Apart from two link roads between these two, the park is reserved for pedestrians (with the exception of The Broad Walk between Chester Road and
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#1732773340714588-504: Is used by road cyclists . One circuit is 4.45 km. A number of amateur cycling clubs that meet regularly to complete laps of the Outer Circle for exercise and leisure. Prominent clubs include: Regent's Park Rouleurs (RPR), London Baroudeurs (LBCC), Islington Cycling Club (ICC), Cycle Club London (CCL), Rapha Cycle Club (RCC). Many cyclists track & log their rides using the online social network site Strava. As at January, 2018 – some 22,000 cyclists had completed & logged 1.6mn laps of
637-438: Is where Parris's mechanical ingenuity came into its own; he devised all kinds of light scaffoldings, bridges, and platforms. Sometimes he was supported from the floor by two or three long and slender spars, which vibrated with every motion of his arm; sometimes he was suspended by cords from the roof. On two occasions Parris fell from a considerable height; fortunately, in neither case did he suffer any serious injury. The panorama
686-563: The City of Westminster and the Borough of Camden (and historically between Marylebone and Saint Pancras parishes). In addition to its large central parkland and ornamental lake, it contains various structures and organizations both public and private, generally on its periphery, including Regent's University and London Zoo . What is now Regent's Park came into possession of the Crown upon
735-491: The European Business School London , Regent's American College London (RACL) and Webster Graduate School among others. Abutting the northern side of Regent's Park is Primrose Hill , another park which, with a height of 64 m (210 ft), has a clear view of central London to the south-east, as well as Belsize Park and Hampstead to the north. Primrose Hill is also the name given to
784-748: The Mont Blanc massif , in the French Alps . It is 7.5 km long and 200 metres (660 ft) deep but, when all its tributary glaciers are taken into account, it can be regarded as the longest and largest glacier in France, and the second longest in the Alps after the Aletsch Glacier . I can no otherwise convey to you an image of this body of ice, broken into irregular ridges and deep chasms than by comparing it to waves instantaneously frozen in
833-577: The Open Air Theatre stands; the formal Italian Gardens and adjacent informal English Gardens in the south-east corner of the park; and the gardens of St John's Lodge . Winfield House , the official residence of the U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom, stands in private grounds in the western section of the park, near the capital's first large mosque . South of the Inner Circle is dominated by Regent's University London , home of
882-578: The dissolution of the monasteries in the 1500s, and was used for hunting and tenant farming. In the 1810s, the Prince Regent proposed turning it into a pleasure garden. The park was designed by John Nash and James and Decimus Burton . Its construction was financed privately by James Burton after the Crown Estate rescinded its pledge to do so, and included development on the periphery of townhouses and expensive terrace dwellings. The park
931-471: The Outer Circle, which is a shared use path ). The south, east and most of the west side of the park are lined with elegant white stucco terraces of houses designed by John Nash and Decimus Burton . Running through the northern end of the park is Regent's Canal , which connects the Grand Union Canal to London's historic docks . The 166 ha (410-acre) park is mainly open parkland with
980-483: The Prince Regent by the triplet of Nash, James Burton, and Decimus Burton: these included Regent Street and Carlton House Terrace in a grand sweep of town planning stretching from St. James's Park to Primrose Hill. The scheme is considered one of the first examples of a garden suburb and continues to influence the design of suburbs. The park was first opened to the general public in 1835, initially two days
1029-471: The Roman Colosseum ), came to fruition, but at such expense that its principal backer, Rowland Stephenson MP, had to flee to America in 1828, soon followed by Hornor. The Colosseum was built on the east side of Regent's Park, between Chester Terrace and Cambridge Terrace . Designed by Decimus Burton , with the assistance of John Young it was in the form of a sixteen-sided domed polygon, with
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#17327733407141078-716: The Second World War, were relaid between 2002 and 2004, and in 2005 a new sports pavilion was constructed. On 7 July 2006 the park held an event for people to remember the events of the 7 July 2005 London bombings . Members of the public placed mosaic tiles on to seven purple petals. Later bereaved family members laid yellow tiles in the centre to finish the mosaic. Sports are played in the park including cycling , tennis , netball , athletics , cricket , softball , rounders , football , hockey , Australian rules football , rugby , ultimate Frisbee , and running . Belsize Park Rugby Football Club play their home games in
1127-548: The buildings in 1875, the area was vacant until the Cambridge Gate was built in 1876 to 1880. 51°31′41″N 0°8′44″W / 51.52806°N 0.14556°W / 51.52806; -0.14556 Regent%27s Park, London Regent's Park (officially The Regent's Park ) is one of the Royal Parks of London . It occupies 410 acres (170 ha) in north-west Inner London , administratively split between
1176-476: The immediately surrounding district. The public areas of Regent's Park are managed by The Royal Parks , a charity. The Crown Estate Paving Commission is responsible for managing certain aspects of the built environment of Regent's Park. The park lies within the boundaries of the City of Westminster and the London Borough of Camden , but those authorities have only peripheral input to the management of
1225-591: The latter is, in turn, fed by the Glacier des Periardes, the vast Glacier du Géant and the broad icefields of the Vallee Blanche. The Glacier du Tacul supplies much more ice than the Glacier de Leschaux. However, if the Mer de Glace is considered in its broadest sense (i.e. from source to tongue), it is a compound valley glacier, gaining ice from snowfields that cover the heights directly north of Mont Blanc at an altitude of around 4,000 metres. It flows for
1274-442: The leases of five of the largest blocks on Regent Street. The first property to be constructed in or around Regent's Park by Burton was his own mansion: The Holme , which was designed by his son, Decimus Burton , and completed in 1818. Burton's extensive financial involvement "effectively guaranteed the success of the project". In return, Nash agreed to promote the career of Decimus Burton. Such were James Burton's contributions to
1323-420: The limited time before the original opening. The conservatories were now decorated in the "arabesque" style, with, in their centre, the "Gothic Aviary". Meanwhile, an "Exterior Promenade" provided pastiches of classical ruins; "A secondary object has been to shew how much effect may be produced in a most limited space, and with apparently the most limited materials" the brochure told visitors. Another attraction
1372-481: The midst of a violent storm. The glacier lies above the Chamonix valley. The pressure within the ice is known to reach at least 30 atmospheres. The Mer de Glace can be considered as originating at an elevation of 2,100 metres (6,900 ft), just north of the Aiguille du Tacul, where it is formed by the confluence of the Glacier de Leschaux and the Glacier du Tacul. The former is fed by the Glacier du Talefre, whilst
1421-602: The park using the Strava app. In 2015, Regent's Park Cyclists was formed to represent the interest of cyclists and cycling clubs that use the Inner & Outer Circle. The park was scheduled to play a role in the 2012 Summer Olympics , hosting the baseball and softball events, but these sports were dropped from the Olympic programme with effect from 2012. The Olympic cycling road race was supposed to go through Regent's Park, as
1470-601: The park. There are three playgrounds and there is boating on the lake. Sports take place in an area called the Northern Parkland, and are centred on the Hub. This pavilion and underground changing rooms was designed by David Morley Architects and Price & Myers engineers, and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005. It won the IStructE Award for Community or Residential Structures in 2006. The Outer Circle
1519-571: The park. The Crown Estate owns the freehold of Regent's Park. In the Middle Ages the land was part of the manor of Tyburn , acquired by Barking Abbey . The 1530s Dissolution of the Monasteries meant Henry VIII appropriated it, under that statutory forfeiture with minor compensation scheme. It has been state property since. It was set aside as a hunting and forestry park, Marylebone Park , from that Dissolution until 1649 after which it
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1568-404: The park. There follows a list of their names as shown on Christopher and John Greenwood's map of London (second edition, 1830), with details of their subsequent fates: There are five London Underground stations located on or near the edges of Regent's Park: Citations Sources Mer de Glace The Mer de Glace ("Sea of Ice") is a valley glacier located on the northern slopes of
1617-416: The pattern of light and dark dirt bands on the Mer de Glace from the nearby Charmoz and began to consider whether glaciers flowed in a similar fashion to a sluggish river and with a viscous or plastic manner. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the glacier descended all the way down to the hamlet of Les Bois, where it was known as Glacier des Bois. At that time the river Arveyron emerged from the glacier under
1666-532: The premises in early 1920. Queen Mary's Gardens, in the Inner Circle, were created in the 1930s, bringing that part of the park into use by the general public for the first time. The site had originally been used as a plant nursery and had later been leased to the Royal Botanic Society . In July 1982, an IRA bomb was detonated at the bandstand , killing seven soldiers . The sports pitches, which had been relaid with inadequate drainage after
1715-501: The project that the Commissioners of Woods described James, not Nash, as "the architect of Regent's Park". Contrary to popular belief, the dominant architectural influence in many of the Regent's Park projects – including Cornwall Terrace , York Terrace , Chester Terrace , Clarence Terrace , and the villas of the Inner Circle, all of which were constructed by James Burton's company – was Decimus Burton , not John Nash , who
1764-578: The public. Late in 1916, the Home Postal Depot , Royal Engineers moved to a purpose-built wooden building (200,000 sq ft) on Chester Road, Regent's Park. This new facility contained the depot's administration offices, a large parcel office and a letter office, these last two previously being at the Mount Pleasant Mail Centre . HM King George V and HM Queen Mary visited the depot on 11 December 1916. The depot vacated
1813-434: The steepest sections over which the glacier flows. As crevasses open and seracs tumble downstream, the supply of ice is renewed by the constant flow from upstream. Broad banding patterns, visible on the surface of the Mer de Glace, are known as ogives , or Forbes bands, and result from differences in summer and winter collapse rates of the serac fields. It was on 24 July 1842 that Scottish physicist James David Forbes observed
1862-404: The tension in the ice increases as the slope increases, the glacier is unable to deform and crevasses appear. These are notably transversal and, when there is intense crevasse activity on the steepest terrain, blocks of seracs appear as the glacier breaks up. Crevasses are of variable depth, depending on their position, and may be as deep as fifty metres. Seracs always form in the same places, namely
1911-423: The type of work required. There were also problems of consistency of colour, composition etc.,and on several occasions it was necessary to repaint sections. Eventually, Parris decided to take charge and do the whole thing himself with the assistance of several house-painters; this proved to be the right choice. In addition to the problem of the sheer volume of the canvas, there was also the difficulty of access. This
1960-639: The visitor was promised " a lofty dome, of several thousand feet of richly cut glass." The frieze of the Glypoteca was decorated with a copy of the Panathenaic procession from the Parthenon , modelled by Mr Henning, Jr, above which were twenty allegorical fresco paintings by Mr. Absalom. The staircase leading up to the panorama was now disguised by a framework hung with "handsome and classically disposed drapery". Around it were velvet-covered seats raised on
2009-467: Was appointed architectural "overseer" for Decimus's projects. To the chagrin of Nash, Decimus largely disregarded his advice and developed the Terraces according to his own style, to the extent that Nash sought the demolition and complete rebuilding of Chester Terrace, but in vain. Decimus's terraces were built by his father James . The Regent's Park scheme was integrated with other schemes built for
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2058-550: Was based on drawings Hornor had made from the vantage point of a temporary hut placed at the top of the dome of St Paul's Cathedral , while the cross and ball were being replaced in 1821–2. Initial plans to sell panoramic views came to nothing, but an elaborate scheme to create a 360-degree panorama on the inside of a dome of the Colosseum, specially built in Regents Park (and resembling the Roman Pantheon rather than
2107-531: Was completed in November 1829, after a period of 4 years. The painting was the largest ever created, totalling over forty thousand square feet in area, and a testament to Parris's great artistic skill, talent, and perseverance. Hornor fell into financial difficulties and the property passed into the hands of trustees. It went into decline as a place of public amusement, and in May 1843 it was sold for 23,000 guineas. It
2156-519: Was let as small-holdings for hay and dairy produce. Although the park was initially the idea of the Prince Regent , and was named for him, James Burton , the pre-eminent London property developer, was responsible for the social and financial patronage of the majority of John Nash 's London designs, and for their construction. Architectural scholar Guy Williams has written, "John Nash relied on James Burton for moral and financial support in his great enterprises. Decimus had showed precocious talent as
2205-401: Was once easily visible from Chamonix but has been shrinking backwards, and is now barely visible from below. The surface topography of the Mer de Glace changed very little during the first third of the 20th century, but from 1939 to 2001 the surface of the glacier has lowered an average of 30 cm each year, corresponding to an equivalent loss of 700 million cubic metres of water. When
2254-614: Was remodelled by William Bradwell, former chief machinist of the Covent Garden Theatre , who added an eastern entrance in Albany Street , and an arched corridor inspired by one at the Vatican. The new owners announced a "Glypoteca, or Museum of Sculpture", displaying more than 180 works by leading sculptors. Instead of calico draperies "which had the appearance of a tent hastily fitted up for some temporary purpose",
2303-629: Was the "Chalet or Swiss Cottage" from the window of which the visitor could look at real waterfalls, against the background of the Mer de Glace and Mont Blanc , as painted by Mr Danson. There was also a "Stalactite Cavern", constructed by Bradwell and Telbin, based on one at Adelsberg in Germany. In the evenings, another panorama of London, from the same point of view of was placed in front of E.T. Parris's version. Painted by Danson and Telbin, light effects projected by William Bradwell were intended to provide
2352-483: Was the cycling road race in the 2012 Summer Paralympics , but the routes were changed. The neoclassical terraces are grand examples of the English townhouse . Sometimes they are collectively called the "Nash terraces", but other architects contributed. Clockwise from the north, they are: Immediately south of the park are Park Square and Park Crescent , also designed by Nash. Nine villas were initially built in
2401-451: Was £20,000. According to a history published in 1878, "the building afterwards passed into several hands, and ultimately it was purchased by a small number of gentlemen, with the idea of erecting there a grand hotel; but this idea was abandoned. Subsequently the lease was purchased by a Mr. Bird, and the walls were levelled to the ground, as stated above, with the view of erecting on its site a number of private residences." After demolition of
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