Los Angeles Heat joined the Western Soccer Alliance in 1986. They joined the American Professional Soccer League in 1990 when the WSL merged with the American Soccer League , then folded in 1990. The club played in Torrance, California at West High School until their demise.
117-460: The club folded in early 1991 following a season of low attendance and the lack of a suitable stadium after an announced move to Orange County . The Heat had accumulated $ 30,000 in unpaid bills and were one of several APSL teams to fold. This article about a soccer club from California is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to sports in Los Angeles
234-667: A bedroom community for many who moved to Southern California to work in aerospace and manufacturing. Orange County received a further economic boost in 1955 with the opening of Disneyland . In 1969, Yorba Linda -born Orange County native Richard Nixon became the 37th President of the United States . He established a " Western White House " in San Clemente , in South Orange County, known as La Casa Pacifica , and visited throughout his presidency. In
351-810: A school of osteopathy founded in 1896 and the oldest continuously operating medical college in the Southwest ) became part of UC Irvine. In 1976, plans to establish an on-campus hospital were set aside, with the university instead purchasing the Orange County Medical Center (renamed the UC Irvine Medical Center ) around 12 miles from UC Irvine, in the City of Orange. In early July 2018, UC Irvine removed benefactor Francisco J. Ayala 's name from its biology school and central science library after an internal investigation by
468-567: A wingnut -shaped loop road as the main thoroughfare, which twice crossed the campus. However, the Irvine Company 's development plans expanded before it could be completed, and portions of California, Carlson, Harvard and Turtle Rock roads today constitute segments of what would have been the Loop Road. Despite the suburban environment, a variety of wildlife inhabits the university's central park, open fields, and wetlands. The university
585-499: A world record attempt by the university at the beginning of each academic year . UCI has won Guinness World Records for the largest game of capture the flag six times, with the most recent one in September 2015. In addition, the university has broken the record for the largest game of dodgeball three years straight. They have also won records for largest water pistol fight and largest pillow fight . On November 30, 2007,
702-507: A "contextualist" approach beginning in the late 1990s combining stylistic elements of the first two phases in an attempt to provide an architectural "middle ground" between the two vastly different styles. Gehry's building was recently removed from campus to make way for a new building, with a design that has been called a "big beige box with bands of bricks". In 2009 the Humanities Gateway building, designed by Curtis W. Fentress ,
819-761: A "downtown for Orange County". The 820 acres (330 ha) area undergoing this large-scale redevelopment includes the city's two major sports venues, the Honda Center and Angel Stadium of Anaheim . The 2010 United States Census reported that Orange County had a population of 3,010,232. The racial makeup of Orange County was 1,830,758 (60.8%) White (44.0% non-Hispanic white), 50,744 (1.7%) African American , 18,132 (0.6%) Native American , 537,804 (17.9%) Asian , 9,354 (0.3%) Pacific Islander , 435,641 (14.5%) from other races , and 127,799 (4.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,012,973 persons (33.7%). The Hispanic and Latino population
936-624: A $ 40 million donation from Bill Gross ' philanthropic foundation to turn its nursing science program into the Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing. The UC Regents formally approved the establishment of the school in January 2017. In July 2020, the UC Regents approved the establishment of the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. In July of 2024, UCI received a gift of $ 50 million to support
1053-434: A New Greek), and risk management programs (topics vary). There are around 600 student clubs and organizations on campus. Campus activities throughout the year include cultural nights, arts performances, and live music at Anteater Plaza. Special events such as Summerlands, Wayzgoose, Shocktoberfest, Soulstice, and Earth Day are held yearly. ASUCI , the university's undergraduate student government , traditionally organizes
1170-530: A cafeteria and student center, it is now a dual-use computer lab and study area which is open nearly 24 hours. The UCI Student Center offers a large number of study areas, auditoriums, and two food courts, and therefore is one of the most popular places to study on campus. UC Irvine also has a number of computer labs that serve as study centers. The School of Humanities maintains the Humanities Instructional Resource Center,
1287-678: A drop-in computer lab specializing in language and digital media. Additionally, UCI maintains five other drop-in labs, four instructional computer labs, and a number of reservation-only SmartClassrooms, some of which are open 24 hours. Other popular study areas include Aldrich Park, the Cross-Cultural Center, the Locus (a study room and computer lab used by the Campuswide Honors Program), and plazas located in every school. A network of tunnels runs between many of
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#17327913555371404-614: A mall named "The City" which was the centerpiece of a planned, 1970s mixed-use development by the same name. There is commercial strip-style development including big box retailers along West Chapman Avenue in Orange, along Harbor Boulevard in Garden Grove, and around Harbor Boulevard and Chapman Avenue in Anaheim. Major hotels line Harbor Boulevard from Disneyland south to Garden Grove. The Orange County Transit Authority studied
1521-665: A member of the Association of American Universities in 1996. The university administers the UC Irvine Medical Center , a large teaching hospital in Orange , and its affiliated health sciences system ; the University of California, Irvine, Arboretum ; and a portion of the University of California Natural Reserve System . UC Irvine set up the first Earth System Science Department in the United States . The university
1638-473: A new county to be named "Orange" as directed by the legislature. The referendum required a 2/3 vote for secession to take place, and on June 4, 1889, the vote was 2,509 to 500 in favor of secession. After the referendum, Los Angeles County filed three lawsuits to prevent the secession, but their attempts were futile. On July 17, 1889, a second referendum was held south of the Coyote Creek to determine if
1755-460: A perfect mile and completely encircles Aldrich Park. Most schools and libraries are lined up by this road with each of these schools having their own central plaza which also connects to the Aldrich Park. Other areas of the university outside of the core campus such as the School of Arts are connected by four pedestrian bridges. Beyond the core campus and the bridges, the layout of the campus
1872-577: A press release defending Drake and claiming that anti-Semitic activity was "exaggerated". In 2010, eleven students from the Muslim Student Union staged a protest against a speech by Israeli Ambassador Michael Oren by disrupting it several times. The students and the student's union involved were first disciplined by UCI and then had criminal charges brought against them. They were convicted of misdemeanor charges and sentenced to three years probation, community service, and fines. This led to
1989-452: A school or department office; others are housed in their own facilities. These are a few of the research organizations at UCI: Among universities under 50 years of age Times Higher Education ranked UCI 4th in the world and 1st in the US for 2012, 5th in the world and 1st in the US for 2013, 7th in the world and 1st in the US in 2014, and 7th in the world and 1st in the US in 2015. 2015
2106-584: A suitable grape-growing region. This group purchased a 1,165 acres (4.71 km ) parcel from Juan Pacifico Ontiveros's Rancho San Juan Cajon de Santa Ana for $ 2 per acre and later formed the Anaheim Vineyard Company . With surveyor George Hansen , two of the wine colony's founders, John Frohling and Charles Kohler, planted 400,000 grapevines along the Santa Ana River ; by 1875, "there were as many as 50 wineries in Anaheim, and
2223-479: A team of architects led by William Pereira and including A. Quincy Jones and William Blurock. The initial landscaping, including Aldrich Park, was designed by an association of three firms, including that of the noted urban-landscaping innovator Robert Herrick Carter. Aldrich Park was designed under the direction of landscape architect Gene Uematsu, and was modeled after Frederick Law Olmsted 's designs for New York City's Central Park . The campus opened in 1965 with
2340-673: A transition zone between north and south; when this viewpoint is taken Tustin is also considered to be in Central Orange County. Costa Mesa is sometimes included in South County, although it is located predominantly to the west of the Costa Mesa Freeway and is part of the even street grid network of northern Orange County. Irvine is located in a valley defined by the Santa Ana Mountains and
2457-469: A wide variety of Mediterranean-climate flora and fauna, feeling that it served an "aesthetic, environmental, and educational [purpose]." To plan the remainder of the ranch, the university hired William Pereira and Associates. Pereira intended for the UC Irvine campus to complement the neighboring community, and it became clear that the original 1,000 acres (400 ha) grant would not suffice. In 1964,
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#17327913555372574-571: Is a public land-grant research university in Irvine, California , United States. One of the ten campuses of the University of California system, UCI offers 87 undergraduate degrees and 129 graduate and professional degrees, and roughly 30,000 undergraduates and 6,000 graduate students were enrolled at UCI as of Fall 2019. The university is classified among " R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity " and had $ 523.7 million in research and development expenditures in 2021. UCI became
2691-604: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Orange County, California Orange County (officially the County of Orange ; often known by its initials O.C. ) is a county located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in Southern California , United States. As of the 2020 census , the population was 3,186,989, making it the third-most-populous county in California, the sixth-most-populous in
2808-648: Is a tourist center, with attractions like Disneyland Resort , Knott's Berry Farm , Mission San Juan Capistrano , Huntington Beach Pier , the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum , Modjeska House , Segerstrom Center for the Arts , Yost Theater , Bowers Museum , Balboa Island , Angel Stadium , Downtown Santa Ana , Crystal Cove Historic District , the Honda Center , the Old Orange County Courthouse ,
2925-474: Is also a significant Muslim population in the county. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,846,289 people, 935,287 households, and 667,794 families living in the county, making Orange County the second most populous county in California . The population density was 1,392/km (3,606/sq mi). There were 969,484 housing units at an average density of 474/km (1,228/sq mi). The racial makeup of
3042-681: Is bordered on the southwest by the Pacific Ocean , on the north by Los Angeles County , on the northeast by San Bernardino County , on the east by Riverside County , and on the southeast by San Diego County . The northwestern part of the county lies on the coastal plain of the Los Angeles Basin , while the southeastern end rises into the foothills of the Santa Ana Mountains . Most of Orange County's population reside in one of two shallow coastal valleys that lie in
3159-452: Is home to cougar , hawks , golden eagles , great blue herons , squirrels , opossums , peregrine falcons , rabbits, raccoons , owls , skunks , weasels , bats , and coyotes . The UCI Arboretum hosts a collection of plants from California and Mediterranean climates around the world. The rabbits in particular can be seen across campus in high numbers, especially during hours of low student traffic. The first buildings were designed by
3276-484: Is home to the county's only natural lakes, Laguna Lakes, which are formed by water rising up against an underground fault. Orange County is sometimes divided into northern and southern regions. There are significant political, demographic, economic and cultural distinctions between North and South Orange County. A popular dividing line between the two regions is the Costa Mesa Freeway . Northern Orange County, including Anaheim, Fullerton , Garden Grove and Santa Ana ,
3393-470: Is more suburban. Irvine, California consistently ranks as the safest city in the United States. UCI is close to the beaches, mountains, and attractions of Southern California. Disneyland is approximately 20 minutes away by car. While the university is located in Irvine, the campus is directly bounded by the city of Newport Beach and the community of Newport Coast . The western side of the campus borders
3510-585: Is now Newport Beach . The village was shared by the Tongva and Acjachemen. The village of Puhú was located in what is now Black Star Canyon and was shared by multiple groups, including the Tongva, Acjachemen, Serrano and Payómkawichum . The mother village of the Acjachemen was Putiidhem and is now located in San Juan Capistrano underneath Junipero Serra Catholic High School . For
3627-467: Is predominantly flat, giving way to the Santa Ana Mountains in the Northeast. Southern Orange County is wealthier, more residential, more Republican, predominantly non-Hispanic white, and more recently developed. Irvine, the largest city in the region, is an exception to some of these trends, being not only a major employment center, but also a major tech hub and education center with UCI. Furthermore,
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3744-429: Is predominantly of Mexican origin; this group accounts for 28.5% of the county's population, followed by Salvadorans (0.8%), Guatemalans (0.5%), Puerto Ricans (0.4%), Cubans (0.3%), Colombians (0.3%), and Peruvians (0.3%). Santa Ana with its population reportedly 75 percent Hispanic/Latino, is among the most Hispanic/Latino percentage cities in both California and the U.S., esp. of Mexican-American descent. Among
3861-538: Is ranked among the nation's top 50 hospitals by U.S. News & World Report for the 12th consecutive year. The school has 19 clinical and 6 basic science departments with 560 full-time and 1,300 volunteer faculty members involved in teaching, patient care, and medical and basic science research. UCI's many research organizations are either chaired by or composed of UCI faculty, frequently draw upon undergraduates and graduates for research assistance, and produce innovations, patents, and scholarly works. Some are housed in
3978-528: Is said to have been named for the citrus fruit in an attempt to promote immigration by suggesting a semi-tropical paradise – a place where anything could grow. In 1919, the California State Legislature redefined the county's boundary with Los Angeles County to no longer follow Coyote Creek but instead along Public Land Survey System township lines instead. Other citrus crops, avocados , and oil extraction were also important to
4095-521: The 1939 California tropical storm , meant that Orange County was in need of new infrastructure, which was supported by the New Deal . This included the construction of numerous schools, city halls, post offices, parks, libraries, and fire stations, as well as the improvement of road infrastructure throughout Orange County. School segregation between Mexican and white students in Orange County
4212-524: The Bay Area counties, San Bernardino County , Riverside County , and San Diego County . The most popular major for freshmen is a major in the School of Biological Sciences (22%), followed by Undecided/Undeclared (20.6%), Social Sciences (17.4%), Engineering (11.7%), Humanities (8.8%), Physical Sciences (6.1%), Arts (5%), Social Ecology (5%), Information and Computer Sciences (3%), and Health Sciences (0.2%). The average freshman's incoming high school GPA
4329-813: The Honda Center – home to the Anaheim Ducks of the NHL ( National Hockey League ), and the Anaheim Convention Center . Health care facilities include CHOC ( Children's Hospital of Orange County ), Kaiser Permanente Health Pavilion (Anaheim), St. Joseph Hospital (Orange) , and the UCI Medical Center . Retail complexes include Anaheim GardenWalk , Anaheim Marketplace (claiming to be the largest indoor swap meet in Orange County with more than 200 vendors), MainPlace Mall , Orange Town & Country, and The Outlets at Orange , originally
4446-610: The Interstate 5 (Santa Ana) Freeway between Disneyland and Santa Ana and between South Coast Plaza and the Irvine Business Complex , and cluster at Irvine Spectrum . Although single-family homes make up the dominant landscape of most of the county, northern and central Orange County is relatively more urbanized and dense as compared to those areas south of Irvine, which are less dense, though still contiguous and primarily suburban rather than exurban . The county
4563-520: The Irvine Ranch Natural Landmarks , and several popular beaches along its more than 40 mi (64 km) of coastline. It is also home to a major research university, the University of California, Irvine (UCI), along with a number of other notable colleges and universities such as Chapman University and Cal State Fullerton . Archeological evidence shows the area to have been inhabited beginning about 9,500 years ago. At
4680-561: The Office of Civil Rights of the United States Department of Education issued a report finding insufficient evidence in support of allegations that Jewish students at UCI were harassed and subjected to a hostile environment based on their religious beliefs. The agency ultimately found that none of the incidents leading to the allegations qualified as "sufficiently severe, pervasive or persistent as to interfere with or limit
4797-585: The Philosophical Gourmet Report , UCI's Department of Philosophy, along with its sister department, the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Science, ranks 24 in the nation. UCI faculty are affiliated with the following learned societies . UC Irvine is categorized by U.S. News & World Report as "most selective" for college admissions in the United States. It was the third-most selective University of California campus for
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4914-612: The San Diego Creek and the San Joaquin Freshwater Marsh Reserve, through which Campus Drive connects UCI to the 405 freeway . The northern and eastern sides of UCI are adjacent to Irvine proper; the eastern side of the campus is delineated by Bonita Canyon Road, which turns into Culver Drive at its northern terminus. California State Route 73 marks UCI's southern boundary and separates the campus from Newport Beach. The "North Campus" houses
5031-892: The San Joaquin Hills , while much of Southern Orange County is very hilly. Another region of Orange County is the Orange Coast , which includes the six cities bordering the Pacific Ocean. These are, from northwest to southeast: Seal Beach , Huntington Beach , Newport Beach , Laguna Beach , Dana Point and San Clemente , although Seal Beach is sometimes viewed as an extension of neighboring Long Beach in Los Angeles County. Older cities in North Orange County like Santa Ana, Anaheim, Orange and Fullerton have traditional downtowns dating to
5148-557: The Santa Fe and Southern Pacific Railroads . High rates of Anglo migration gradually moved Mexicans into colonias , or segregated ethnic enclaves . After several failed attempts in previous sessions, the California State Legislature passed a bill authorizing the portion of Los Angeles County south of Coyote Creek to hold a referendum on whether to remain part of Los Angeles County or to secede and form
5265-562: The Tongva , north Orange County was at the southern extent of their village sites. In coastal villages like Lupukngna , at least 3,000 years old located in what is now Huntington Beach , villagers likely used te'aats or plank boats to navigate the coastline, with fish and shellfish being more central to the diet. In inland villages such as Hutuknga , rabbit and mule deer were more central, in addition to acorns from oak trees and seeds from grasses and sage bushes common everywhere. After
5382-412: The United States , and more populous than 19 American states and Washington, D.C. Although largely suburban , it is the second-most-densely-populated county in the state behind San Francisco County . The county's three most-populous cities are Anaheim , Santa Ana , and Irvine , each of which has a population exceeding 300,000. Santa Ana is also the county seat . Six cities in Orange County are on
5499-810: The 1769 expedition of Gaspar de Portolà , a Spanish expedition led by Junipero Serra named the area Valle de Santa Ana (Valley of Saint Anne ). On November 1, 1776, Mission San Juan Capistrano became the area's first permanent European settlement. Among those who came with Portolá were José Manuel Nieto and José Antonio Yorba . Both these men were given land grants— Rancho Los Nietos and Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana , respectively. The Nieto heirs were granted land in 1834. The Nieto ranches were known as Rancho Los Alamitos , Rancho Las Bolsas , and Rancho Los Coyotes . Yorba heirs Bernardo Yorba and Teodosio Yorba were also granted Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana (Santa Ana Canyon Ranch) and Rancho Lomas de Santiago , respectively. Other ranchos in Orange County were granted by
5616-546: The 1960s under the California Master Plan for Higher Education . During the 1950s, the University of California saw the need for the new campuses to handle the expected increase in enrollment from the post-war baby boom . One of the new campuses was to be in the Los Angeles area; the location selected was Irvine Ranch, an area of agricultural land bisecting Orange County from north to south. This site
5733-440: The 2023-2024 school year , there were fifteen schools and several interdisciplinary programs. The College of Health Sciences was established in 2004, but no longer exists as a separate academic unit. On November 16, 2006, the University of California Regents approved the establishment of the School of Law. The School of Education was established by the UC Regents in 2012. In 2016, the university announced that it had received
5850-522: The Asian population, 6.1% are Vietnamese, followed by Koreans (2.9%), Chinese (2.7%), Filipinos (2.4%), Indians (1.4%), Japanese (1.1%), Cambodians (0.2%), Pakistanis (0.2%), Thais (0.1%), Indonesians (0.1%), and Laotians (0.1%). According to KPCC in 2014, Orange County has the largest proportion of Asian Americans in Southern California, where one in five residents are Asian American. There
5967-763: The Chancellor, the second most senior official is the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost, the university's chief academic and operating officer. Every school on campus reports to the Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost through a Dean, and all other academic and administrative units report to his office through a Vice Chancellor or chief administrator. A partial list of these units includes Campus Recreation, Intercollegiate Athletics, Planning and Budget, Student Affairs, UC Irvine Libraries, UC Irvine Medical Center, and University Advancement. UC Irvine's academic units are referred to as schools. As of
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#17327913555376084-796: The Facilities Management Department, the Faculty Research Facility, Central Receiving, Fleet Services, the Air Pollution Health Effects Laboratory, and numerous other functions. It is located next to the UCI Arboretum ; both the North Campus and the arboretum are located about 1 mile (2 km) from the main campus. William Pereira's original street layout for the region surrounding the university had
6201-488: The I-5 Santa Ana Freeway, straddling the city limits of Anaheim , Garden Grove , Orange , and Santa Ana , and in fact stretching between the original downtowns of those four cities. Entertainment and cultural facilities include Disneyland Resort , Angel Stadium , Christ Cathedral (formerly Crystal Cathedral), City National Grove of Anaheim – a live concert venue, Discovery Cube Orange County ,
6318-695: The Mendez family were denied enrollment into the 17th Street School in Westminster in 1944, despite their cousins with lighter skin being admitted, and were instead told to enroll at the Hoover Elementary School for Mexican children. In the 1950s, agriculture, such as that involving the boysenberries made famous by Buena Park native Walter Knott , began to decline. However, the county's prosperity soared during this time. The completion of Interstate 5 in 1954 helped make Orange County
6435-613: The Mexican government during the Mexican period in Alta California . Saint Junípero Serra y Ferrer and the early components of the Portolá Expedition arrived in modern-day San Diego , south of present-day Orange County, in mid-late 1769. During these early Mission years, however, the early immigrants continued to rely on imports of both Mexican-grown and Spanish-grown wines; Serra repeatedly complained of
6552-512: The Olympics, winning a total of 33 Olympic medals . As of January 2022, the school has had 3 Nobel Prize laureates, 7 Pulitzer Prize winners, 6 MacArthur "Genius Grant" recipients, 37 Guggenheim Fellows, and 1 Turing Award winner affiliated with the university as alumni, faculty or researchers. The University of California, Irvine (with San Diego and Santa Cruz ) was one of three new University of California campuses established in
6669-543: The Pacific Electric and nephew of Collis Huntington . Transportation further improved with the completion of the State Route and U.S. Route 101 (now mostly Interstate 5 ) in the 1920s. In the 1910s, agriculture in Orange County was largely centered on grains, hay, and potatoes by small farmers, accounting for 60% of the county's exports. The Segerstroms and Irvines once produced so many lima beans that
6786-461: The Pacific coast: Seal Beach , Huntington Beach , Newport Beach , Laguna Beach , Dana Point , and San Clemente . Orange County is included in the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim Metropolitan Statistical Area . The county has 34 incorporated cities. Older cities like Tustin , Santa Ana, Anaheim, Orange , and Fullerton have traditional downtowns dating back to the 19th century, while newer commercial development or " edge cities " stretch along
6903-412: The U.S., tied for 10th among public universities, tied for 12th in "Top Performers on Social Mobility", tied for 58th in "Most Innovative Schools", and tied for 62nd in "Best Undergraduate Teaching". In 2019, Forbes ranked UCI 3rd out of the 300 Best Value Colleges, based on Return on Investment. In 2017 Kiplinger ranked UCI 26th out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in
7020-430: The UCI Machine Learning Repository, a data resource which is very popular among machine learning researchers and data mining practitioners. It was created in 1987 and contains 622 datasets from several domains including biology, medicine, physics, engineering, social sciences, games, and others. The datasets contained in the UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository have been used by thousands of students and researchers in
7137-517: The ability of an individual to participate in from the services, activities or privileges" provided by UCI, and that university officials had acted appropriately in response to each incident. In December 2007, UCI Administration was cleared of anti-semitism complaints by the US Department of Education 's Office for Civil Rights . Following a speech by Chancellor Drake at the national Hillel meeting in Washington, D.C. in March 2008, Anteaters for Israel, along with three other Jewish organizations, issued
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#17327913555377254-440: The basin, the Santa Ana Valley and the Saddleback Valley . The Santa Ana Mountains lie within the eastern boundaries of the county and of the Cleveland National Forest . The high point is Santiago Peak (5,689 ft (1,734 m) ), about 20 mi (32 km) east of Santa Ana. Santiago Peak and nearby Modjeska Peak , just 200 ft (60 m) shorter, form a ridge known as Saddleback , visible from almost everywhere in
7371-429: The center than the graduate schools. Aldrich Park is planted with over 11,120 trees (there are over 24,000 trees on the entire campus), including 33 species of eucalyptus. Two ceremonial trees were planted in 1990, one for Arbor Day and the second for former chancellor Daniel Aldrich who had died that year. On the first anniversary of the September 11th tragedies, the chancellor planted a bay laurel tree in remembrance of
7488-403: The city is an Asian plurality (both South and East Asian), and votes reliably Democratic in recent years. Southern Orange County almost always includes Irvine, Newport Beach , and the cities to their southeast, including Lake Forest , Laguna Niguel , Laguna Beach , Mission Viejo , and San Clemente . Alternatively, Irvine and Newport Beach are sometimes seen as Central Orange County, acting as
7605-413: The city of Irvine pledging to be a zero-carbon economy by 2030 and Buena Park , Huntington Beach , and Fullerton pledging to move to 100% clean energy. Residential solar panel installation has rapidly increased, even among middle-income families, as a result of the state's residential solar program which began in 2006. In the 2010s, campaigns to conserve remaining natural areas gained awareness. By
7722-447: The city's wine production topped 1 million gallons annually." Despite later afflictions of both Phylloxera and Pierce's Disease , wine growing is still practiced. A severe drought in the 1860s devastated the prevailing industry, cattle ranching , and much land came into the possession of Richard O'Neill Sr. James Irvine and other land barons . In 1887, silver was discovered in the Santa Ana Mountains , attracting settlers via
7839-443: The computer science community and facilitated the publication of approximately 26 thousand scientific articles. The first fraternities and sororities at UCI began in 1973 with three sororities ( Delta Gamma , Pi Beta Phi , and Gamma Phi Beta ) and three fraternities ( Beta Theta Pi , Sigma Chi , and Phi Delta Theta ). Major events and programs in the Greek Community include Songfest, All Greek Conference, Greek Week, BANG (Being
7956-434: The corridor as the possible route for a streetcar, a proposal that was dropped in 2018 due to opposition from Anaheim and other city governments. In addition to suburban-style apartment complexes, Anaheim's Platinum Triangle is undergoing transformation from a low-density commercial and industrial zone into a more urban environment with high-density housing, commercial office towers, and retail space. Anaheim envisions it as
8073-399: The county has a total area of 948 sq mi (2,460 km ), of which 791 sq mi (2,050 km ) is land and 157 sq mi (410 km ) (16.6%) is water. It is the smallest county by area in Southern California , being just over 40% the size of the region's next smallest county, Ventura . The average annual temperature is about 68 °F (20 °C). Orange County
8190-485: The county seat of the new county would be Anaheim or Santa Ana, along with an election for every county officer. Santa Ana defeated Anaheim in the referendum. With the referendum having passed, the County of Orange was officially incorporated on August 1, 1889. Since the incorporation of the county, the only geographical changes made to the boundary was when the County and Los Angeles County traded some parcels of land around Coyote Creek to conform to city blocks. The county
8307-581: The county was 64.8% White , 13.6% Asian , 1.7% African American , 0.7% Native American , 0.3% Pacific Islander , 14.8% from other races , and 4.1% from two or more races. 30.8% were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 8.9% were of German , 6.9% English and 6.0% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000 . 58.6% spoke only English at home; 25.3% spoke Spanish , 4.7% Vietnamese , 1.9% Korean , 1.5% Chinese ( Cantonese or Mandarin ) and 1.2% Tagalog . University of California, Irvine The University of California, Irvine ( UCI or UC Irvine )
8424-558: The county was called "Beanville". By 1920, fruit and nut exports exploded, which led to the increase of industrialized farming and the decline of family farms. For example, by 1917, William Chapman came to own 350,000 acres in northeastern Orange County from the Valencia orange . Around the 1910s and 1920s, most of the barrios of Orange County, such as in Santa Ana, further developed as company towns of Mexican laborers, who worked in
8541-484: The county's shrinking natural areas. In 1994, an investment fund meltdown led to the criminal prosecution of treasurer Robert Citron . The county lost at least $ 1.5 billion through high-risk investments in bonds. The loss was blamed on derivatives by some media reports. On December 6, 1994, the County of Orange declared Chapter 9 bankruptcy, from which it emerged on June 12, 1996. The Orange County bankruptcy
8658-482: The county. The Peralta Hills extend westward from the Santa Ana Mountains through the communities of Anaheim Hills , Orange , and ending in Olive . The Loma Ridge is another prominent feature, running parallel to the Santa Ana Mountains through the central part of the county, separated from the taller mountains to the east by Santiago Canyon . The Santa Ana River is the county's principal watercourse, flowing through
8775-592: The current city of Irvine (incorporated in 1971) did not exist. The name "Irvine" is a reference to James Irvine , a landowner who administered the 94,000-acre (38,000 ha) Irvine Ranch. In 1960, The Irvine Company sold 1,000 acres (400 ha) of the Irvine Ranch to the University of California for one dollar, since company policy prohibited the donation of property to a public entity. On campus, UC Irvine's first Chancellor, Daniel G. Aldrich selected
8892-482: The deaths disproportionately occurred in the homeless population . However, deaths were widespread among affluent and poorer areas in Orange County, with the highest at-risk group being Caucasian males between the ages of 45–55. A 2018 study found that supply reduction was not sufficient to preventing deaths. In 2008, a report issued by the Orange County Superior Court found that the county
9009-561: The early 2020s, some success was found, with the conservation of 24 acres in the West Coyote Hills of a total 510 acres and the Genga/Banning Ranch project moving forward, conserving some 385 acres, which was part of the Tongva village area of Genga . In 2021, the commemorative 1.5 acre Putuidem village opened after years of delays and campaigning by the Acjachemen . According to the U.S. Census Bureau ,
9126-406: The early buildings. Architects such as Frank Gehry , Robert Venturi , Eric Owen Moss , James Stirling and Arthur Erickson were brought in to bring the campus more up to date. The recession in the early 1990s along with internal politics led to a change in direction, due to the reduced capital budget, and changing attitudes towards architectural innovation at the university. This, in turn, led to
9243-541: The early economy. Orange County benefited from the July 4, 1904, completion of the Pacific Electric Railway , a trolley connecting Los Angeles with Santa Ana and Newport Beach . The link made Orange County an accessible weekend retreat for celebrities of early Hollywood . It was deemed so significant that Pacific City changed its name to Huntington Beach in honor of Henry E. Huntington , president of
9360-543: The event of a student riot. The main tunnel actually contains an above-ground section, in the form of the interior of an unusually thick pedestrian bridge near the Engineering Tower, in an area where the Ring Mall crosses between two hills. The tunnels are only accessible to maintenance staff, although there are also publicly accessible tunnels which intersect the utility tunnels, such as the one that goes between
9477-522: The existing John Wayne Airport . But subsequent voter initiatives and court actions caused the airport plan to be permanently shelved. It has developed into the Orange County Great Park and housing. In the 21st century, the social landscape of Orange County has continued to change. The opioid epidemic saw a rise in Orange County, with unintentional overdoses becoming the third highest contributor of deaths by 2014. As in other areas,
9594-587: The faculty through the Academic Senate. The Chancellor is the chief campus officer and has authority over the campus budget. The Academic Senate has authority to determine the conditions for admission and supervise courses and curricula. The Chancellor is nominated by and is responsible to the Regents of the University of California and the UC President. UCI's Chancellors are listed below: After
9711-482: The freshman class entering in the fall of 2019, as measured by the ratio of admitted students to applicants (behind UC Berkeley and UCLA ). UC Irvine received 119,210 applications for admission to the fall 2022 incoming freshman class and 25,213 were admitted, making UC Irvine's acceptance rate 21% for fall 2022. The first-year median weighted GPA was 4.22 for fall 2022. The incoming 2018 freshmen were predominantly from Los Angeles County , followed by Orange County ,
9828-464: The headquarters of the University of California Office of Federal Governmental Relations and supports UC students interning in the District of Columbia. UC Washington Center is currently led by UC Santa Cruz economist Helen Shapiro. Like other University of California campuses, UC Irvine operates under a system of shared governance, or a partnership between the Chancellor and his administration and
9945-495: The heroes and victims of the events of September 11, 2001. The tree itself was a gift from the UCI Staff Assembly. Aldrich Park is the site for "Wayzgoose", a medieval student festival held each year in conjunction with the "Celebrate UCI" open house. It also hosts many extracurricular activities. Ring Mall is the main pedestrian road used by students and faculty to travel around the core campus. The road measures up to
10062-488: The industrial orange groves. Poor working conditions resulted in the Citrus Strike of 1936 , in which more than half of the orange industry's workforce, largely Mexican, demanded better working conditions. The strike was heavily repressed, with forced evictions and state-sanctioned violence being used as tactics of suppression. Carey McWilliams referred to the suppression as "the toughest violation of civil rights in
10179-408: The inner circle and park only half-completed. There were only nine buildings and a dirt road connecting the main campus to the housing units. Only three of the six "spokes" that radiate from the central park were built, with only two buildings each. Pereira was retained by the university to maintain a continuity of style among the buildings constructed in the inner ring around the park, the last of which
10296-549: The internal organization of their divisions". In 1967, the UCI Academic Senate voted to redesignate the divisions as "schools", with all their deans reporting directly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs. This is why schools became the dominant academic unit at UCI, in contrast to the relatively large colleges at the older UC campuses. In 1967, the California College of Medicine (originally
10413-424: The investigation were compiled in a 97-page report, which included testimony from victims of Ayala. The layout of the core campus resembles a rough circle with its center being Aldrich Park (initially known as Campus Park), lined up by the Ring Mall and buildings surrounding the road. To further emphasize the layout, academic units are positioned relative to the center, wherein undergraduate schools are closer to
10530-411: The late 1970s, Vietnamese and Latino immigrants began to populate central Orange County. In the 1980s, Orange County had become the second most populous county in California as the population topped two million for the first time. In the 1990s, red foxes became common in Orange County as a non-native mesopredator , with increasing urban development pushing out coyote and mountain lion populations to
10647-440: The late 19th century, with Downtown Santa Ana being the home of the county, state and federal institutions. However, far more commercial activity is concentrated in clusters of newer commercial development located further south in the county's edge cities . The three largest edge cities, from north to south, are: A contiguous strip of commercial development (an edge city ) stretches from Disneyland through to MainPlace Mall along
10764-569: The main Information & Computer Science building and the Engineering Tower. The University of California, Irvine, created the University of California, Washington Center ( UCDC ) program in 1982. It is a student program of the university, located on Scott Circle in Downtown Washington ( 38°54′23.4″N 77°2′14″W / 38.906500°N 77.03722°W / 38.906500; -77.03722 ). The center serves as
10881-495: The major buildings on campus and the Central Plant, with the major trunk passage located beneath Ring Mall. Smaller tunnels branch off from this main passage to reach individual buildings, carrying electrical and air-conditioning utilities from the Central Plant. These tunnels have been the subject of much campus lore, the most popular story being that the tunnels were constructed to facilitate the safe evacuation of faculty in
10998-679: The middle of the county from northeast to southwest. Its major tributary to the south and east is Santiago Creek . Other watercourses within the county include Aliso Creek , San Juan Creek , and Horsethief Creek. In the North, the San Gabriel River also briefly crosses into Orange County and exits into the Pacific on the Los Angeles-Orange County line between the cities of Long Beach and Seal Beach . Laguna Beach
11115-767: The nation, and 5th in California. In 2018, Sierra Magazine ranked UCI 1st in its "Coolest Schools" in America list for campus sustainability and climate change efforts. In addition, many of UCI's graduate programs are ranked in the top 50 of the 2020 U.S. News & World Report rankings: literary criticism and theory (1), criminology (3), organic chemistry (10), English (17), chemistry (20), sociology (23), computer science (30), physics (28), psychology (36), law (21), education (24), biological sciences (33), earth sciences (41), history (34), engineering (35), business part-time MBA (32), political science (45), mathematics (39), medicine-research (46), and economics (47). According to
11232-557: The nation." The Los Angeles flood of 1938 devastated some areas of Orange County, with most of the effects being in Santa Ana and Anaheim, which were flooded with six feet of water. As an eight-foot-high rush of water further spilled out of the Santa Ana Canyon , forty-three people were killed in the predominately Mexican communities of Atwood and La Jolla in Placentia . The devastation from this event, as well as from
11349-483: The process of repeated, labored import. The first grape crop production was produced in 1782 at San Juan Capistrano , with vines potentially brought through supply ships in 1778. Viticulture became an increasingly important crop in Los Angeles and Orange Counties through the subsequent decades. By the 1850s, the regions supported more than 100 vineyards . In 1857, Anaheim was founded by 50 German-Americans (with lineage extending back to Franconia ) in search of
11466-503: The resources of the UC Irvine Libraries by maintaining their own reading rooms and scholarly meeting rooms. They contain small reference collections and are the choice for more intimate lectures, graduate seminars, and study sessions. There is also the large Gateway Study Center located across from Langson Library, one of the university's original buildings and under the custody of UC Irvine Libraries. Having served formerly as
11583-430: The second chancellor of UC Riverside. The UCI College of Letters and Science was to be divided into five divisions which together would initially offer about a dozen majors: Biological Sciences, Fine Arts, Humanities, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences. It was Hinderaker who came up with the idea "to appoint deans with strong authority for each of the divisions and to give them as much freedom as possible in determining
11700-475: The second-largest employer in Orange County , with an annual economic impact of $ 5 billion. Aldrich developed the campus's first academic plan around a College of Letters and Science, a Graduate School of Administration, and a School of Engineering. The "principal author" of the plan was Ivan Hinderaker , who served under Aldrich as UCI's vice-chancellor for academic affairs before departing to become
11817-471: The six "spokes". Construction on the campus all but ceased after the Administration building, Aldrich Hall, was completed in 1974, and then resumed in the late 1980s, beginning a massive building boom that still continues today. This second building boom continued the futuristic trend, but emphasized a much more colorful, postmodern approach that somewhat contradicted the earthy, organic designs of
11934-415: The time of European contact, the northern area of what is now Orange County was primarily inhabited by the Tongva indigenous people , a part of Tovaangar , while the southern area of the county, below Aliso Creek , was primarily inhabited by the Acjachemen . Both groups lived in villages throughout the area. Large villages were sometimes multiethnic and multilingual , such as Genga , located in what
12051-569: The traditional high school academic record, personal statement, and entrance examination scores. While residency is not a factor in admission, it is a factor in tuition expenses, with out-of-state residents fees much greater than California residents. Since the approval of Proposition 209 in November 1996, California state law has prohibited all public universities (including UC Irvine) from practicing affirmative action as part of their admissions processes. The University of California Irvine hosts
12168-562: The transition of the former Program in Public health to the Joseph C Wen School of Population and Public Health, named for the donor and his family. Supplementary education programs offer accelerated or community education in the form of Summer Session and UC Irvine Extension. The academic units consist of (with their founding in parentheses): The School of Medicine constitute the professional schools of health science. UC Irvine Medical Center
12285-465: The university purchased an additional 510 acres (210 ha) in 1964 for housing and commercial developments. Much of the land that was not purchased by UCI (which is now occupied by the cities of Irvine, Tustin , and Newport Beach ) remains held by The Irvine Company , but the completion of the university rapidly drove the development of Orange County. The City of Irvine became incorporated and established in 1971 and 1975, respectively. UCI remains
12402-491: The university's Office of Equal Opportunity and Diversity substantiated a number of sexual harassment claims. Chancellor Gillman also authorized the removal of the Ayala name from graduate fellowships, scholar programs, and endowed chairs. Ayala resigned July 1, 2018 and was ordered to abstain from future university activities, following the university's consultative procedures that include a faculty review committee. The results from
12519-539: Was 3.95. The average SAT scores were 602 (Critical Reasoning), 640 (Mathematics), and 612 (Writing), while the ACT composite score was 26. SAT verbal scores for the middle 50% were 550 and 660, while SAT math scores ranged between 580 and 700. The choice to offer admission is based on the University of California's comprehensive review program, which considers a candidate's personal situation, community involvement, extracurricular activities, and academic potential in addition to
12636-430: Was at the time the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history. Land use conflicts arose between established areas in the north and less developed areas in the south. These conflicts were over issues such as construction of new toll roads and the repurposing of a decommissioned air base. El Toro Marine Corps Air Station was designated by a voter measure in 1994 to be developed into an international airport to complement
12753-526: Was chosen to accommodate the county's growing population, complement the growth of nearby UCLA and UC Riverside , and allow for the construction of a master planned community in the surrounding area. On June 20, 1964, U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson dedicated UC Irvine before a crowd of 15,000 people, and on October 4, 1965, the campus began operations with 1,589 students, 241 staff members, 119 faculty, and 43 teaching assistants. However, many of UCI's buildings were still under construction and landscaping
12870-419: Was completed in 1974. These buildings were designed with the appearance of being displayed on "pedestals" (containing the first floor and basement levels) that elevated them above the rolling terrain, with distinctive white railings evoking the deck of an ocean liner. They additionally feature an elevated second pedestrian level above ground, originally intended as a "skyway" to connect all the buildings in each of
12987-872: Was experiencing a pet "overpopulation problem," with the growing number of pets leading to an increase in euthanasias at the Orange County Animal Shelter to 13,000 for the year alone. Following the 2016 presidential election , Santa Ana become a sanctuary city for the protection of those immigrants who worked around the legally established process of becoming a legal resident in Orange and other California counties. This created an intense debate in Orange County surrounding politics toward unlawful immigration, with many cities opposing pro-immigration policies. The COVID-19 pandemic in Orange County disproportionately affected lower income and Latino residents. Implementation of renewable energy and climate change awareness in Orange County increased, with
13104-838: Was opened. Its curvilinear design marked a return to the sculptural treatment of concrete begun by Pereira. As of 2005, the campus has more than 200 buildings and encompasses most of the university's 1,525 acres (6.17 km ). The campus is in the midst of a $ 1.1 billion construction campaign. In addition to holding a noted critical theory archive and Southeast Asian archive, the Libraries also contain extensive collections in Dance and Performing Arts, Regional History, and more. Additionally, Langson Library hosts an extensive East Asian collection with materials in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Nearly all departments and schools on campus complement
13221-818: Was rated as one of the " Public Ivies " in 1985 and 2001 surveys comparing publicly funded universities the authors claimed provide an education comparable to the Ivy League . The UC Irvine Anteaters currently compete in the NCAA Division I as members of the Big West Conference . During the early years of the school's existence, the teams played at the NCAA Division II level. The Anteaters have won 28 national championships in nine different team sports, 64 Anteaters have won individual national championships, and 53 Anteaters have competed in
13338-403: Was still in progress, with the campus only at 75% completion. By June 25, 1966, UCI held its first Commencement with fourteen students, which conferred ten Bachelor of Arts degrees, three Master of Arts degrees, and one Doctor of Philosophy degree. Unlike most other University of California campuses, UCI was not named for the city it was built in; at the time of the university's founding (1965),
13455-419: Was the final year UCI was eligible for this ranking. UCI's graduate philosophy program ranks among the finest worldwide, according to the Philosophical Gourmet Report , with the Department of Philosophy and the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Science jointly achieving a 28th position in global rankings. For 2024, U.S. News & World Report ranked UC Irvine tied for 33rd among national universities in
13572-666: Was the first part of the county to be developed and is culturally closer to neighboring Los Angeles County . This region is more Hispanic (mostly Mexican) and Asian (predominantly Vietnamese and Korean), more densely populated (Santa Ana is the one hundredth and one most densely-populated city in the United States with a population of over 300,000), younger, less wealthy and with higher unemployment. It has more renters and fewer homeowners and generally votes Democratic. There are notable exceptions to these general trends, such as strongly Republican Yorba Linda and affluent Anaheim Hills , North Tustin , and Villa Park . Northern Orange County
13689-411: Was widespread in the mid-1940s, with 80% of Mexican students attending 14 segregated schools. These schools taught Mexican children manual education – or gardening , bootmaking , blacksmithing , and carpentry for Mexican boys and sewing and homemaking for girls – while white schools taught academic preparation. The landmark case Mendez vs. Westminster (1947) desegregated Orange County schools, after
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