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32-482: (Redirected from Lazarevskoye ) Index article For the city district of Sochi, Russia, see Lazarevsky City District . Lazarevsky ( Russian : Ла́заревский ; masculine), Lazarevskaya ( Ла́заревская ; feminine), or Lazarevskoye ( Ла́заревское ; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia . Modern rural localities Lazarevsky (rural locality) ,

64-652: A microdistrict's territory were to be located no further than 300 meters (1000 ft) apart. Standards also regulated the accessibility of the public service buildings (excluding schools and pre-school facilities) by imposing a 500-meter (1,500–foot) limit as the farthest distance from any residential dwelling. Unlike Western countries, the Soviet Union did not redevelop existing residential or commercial areas, microdistricts were always built further and further out from old parts of cities, so planning of local services, and transportation to employment in old parts of

96-453: A number of specialized shops. The exact number of buildings of each type depended on the distance requirement and the microdistrict's population density and was determined by means of certain per capita standards. The history of microdistricts as an urban planning concept dates back to the 1920s, when the Soviet Union underwent rapid urbanization . Under the Soviet urban planning ideologies of

128-888: A settlement in Lazarevskaya Rural Administration of Gorodovikovsky District in the Republic of Kalmykia ; 46°5′N 41°55′E  /  46.083°N 41.917°E  / 46.083; 41.917 Lazarevskoye (rural locality) , a village in Yuryev-Polsky District of Vladimir Oblast Lazarevskaya, Kargopolsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast , a village in Lodyginsky Selsoviet of Kargopolsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast Lazarevskaya, Verkhnetoyemsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast ,

160-633: A village in Novovershinsky Selsoviet of Verkhnetoyemsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast Abolished inhabited localities Lazarevskoye, a former resort settlement in Krasnodar Krai ; merged into the city of Sochi in 1961 as Lazarevskoye Microdistrict See also [ edit ] Lazar (disambiguation) Lazarev Lazarevski [REDACTED] Index of articles associated with

192-611: Is a residential complex—a primary structural element of the residential area construction in the Soviet Union and in some post-Soviet and former Socialist states. Residential districts in most of the cities and towns in Russia and the republics of the former Soviet Union were built in accordance with this concept. According to the Construction Rules and Regulations of the Soviet Union, a typical microdistrict covered

224-532: Is different from Wikidata Articles containing Russian-language text Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas All set index articles Lazarevsky City District The district is located on the slopes of the Western Caucasus , which descend to the Black Sea. The coast within the district runs from northwest to southeast. The majority of the population of the district lives at or close to

256-875: Is fully oriented to beach holidays, and the corresponding infrastructure includes, for example, two water parks and a dolphinarium in Lazarevskoye and a water park in Loo. The district contains a large amount of archaeological monuments of various cultures, which include, among others, megalithic dolmens , Genoese Fort Godlik at the mouth of the Godlik River, Byzantine Church in Loo , and ruins of Fort Lazarev in Lazarevskoye. There are ethnographic museums in Lazarevskoye and Thagapsh . Microdistrict Microdistrict , or micro raion ( Russian : микрорайо́н , romanized :  mikrorayon ; Ukrainian : мікрорайо́н , romanized :  mikroraion ),

288-518: The Red Army recaptured the area. In March 1918, the governorate was abolished, an after the end of the Civil War ended up as Black Sea Okrug of Kuban-Black Sea Oblast . On June 30, 1920, the okrug was split into divisions, and the area was included into Tuapse Division . On May 18, 1922 the divisions were abolished, and on January 26, 1923 the okrug was subdivided into five districts. The area

320-513: The Ubykh , were forcibly resettled in the 1860s. The area remained underdeveloped, and only in 1866 Black Sea Okrug with the administrative center in Novorossiysk was established to administer the area. Since 1870, it was subdivided into three parts, one of which was administered from Dakhovsky, currently the center of Sochi. In 1888, Black Sea Okrug was merged into Kuban Oblast . In 1896, it

352-420: The 1920s , residential complexes—compact territories with residential dwellings, schools, shops, entertainment facilities, and green spaces —started to prevail in urban planning practice, as they allowed for more careful and efficient planning of the rapid urban expansion. These complexes were seen as an opportunity to build a collective society, an environment suitable and necessary for the new way of life. In

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384-452: The 1930s, residential complexes grew in size, covering territories of up to five to six hectares. A system of building residential complexes was gradually replaced with a concept of a city block . Such blocks generally comprised residential buildings along the perimeter, and residential buildings intermingled with public service buildings on the interior. However, it proved unfeasible to provide all public services within every city block, due to

416-880: The antiquity, often changing allegiations. There are archeological sites within the district, including the Byzantine Church in Loo , which provide evidence of presence of the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Genoa in the Middle Ages. Eventually the area was taken by the Ottoman Empire , and after the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 was occupied by the Russian Empire. A number of forts were constructed by Russians, including Lazarevsky and Golovinsky Forts. The native population,

448-575: The area of 10–60  hectares (30–160 acres), up to but not exceeding 80 hectares (200 acres) in some cases, and comprised residential dwellings (usually multi-story apartment buildings ) and public service buildings. As a general rule, major motor roads, greenways , and natural obstacles served as boundaries between microdistricts, allowing an overall reduction in city road construction and maintenance costs and emphasizing public transportation . Major motor roads or through streets were not to cross microdistricts' territories. The entrances to

480-406: The city blocks. However, new construction was based on the same principles as in the previous decades, and could not keep up with the increasing housing demand. Labor-intensive industrialization of the country demanded ever more workers, which was hard to achieve with housing accommodation lacking. Soviet authorities revisited issues of urban planning in the mid-1950s. The new urban planning concept

512-435: The city were critical. One of the city-planners' tasks was to ensure that the public buildings were built to cover the microdistrict's territory in accordance with the norms. Typical public service structures include secondary schools , pre-school establishments (usually combined kindergarten and nursery ), grocery stores, personal service shops, cafeterias , clubs, playgrounds , and building maintenance offices, as well as

544-473: The concept as known in the Soviet Union, and are considered to be an evolution of the work unit ( Chinese : 单位 ; pinyin : dān wèi ). Xiaoqu similarly promoted a sense of community among the inhabitants. However, after the economy was opened up more for commercial real estate developers, xiaoqu continued to be built in recent decades, but evolved in several ways such as differentiation in luxury, safety and available services. The apartments are owned by

576-403: The district are Lazarevskaya , Yakornaya Shchel , Loo , and Dagomys . The M27 Highway connecting Novorossiysk with Adler crosses the district, closely following the coast. There are roads up to the valleys of some of the rivers, but there are no through roads to Adygea or districts of Krasnodar Krai. Dagomys is a part of the road network of the center of Sochi. Lazarevsky City District

608-599: The district are the Ashe River and the Shakhe River . The northeastern part of the district belongs to the Caucasus Zapovednik , a huge protected area spanning parts of Krasnodar Krai and Adygea. Much of the remaining area of the district, except for the coastal area, belongs to Sochi National Park . The city district includes six rural okrugs: The eastern shore of the Black Sea was populated from

640-451: The district center. In 1933, it was decided to totally reconstruct the coastal area and to create a large number of spa resorts. On January 10, 1934 Azov-Black Sea Krai split off North Caucasus Krai. On September 13, 1937 it was abolished and split into Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast . Shapsugsky District was transferred to Krasnodar Krai. On May 24, 1945 Shapsugsky District was renamed Lazarevsky District. In 1961, Lazarevsky District

672-491: The erection of the rows and rows of faceless grey rectangular apartment buildings which now prevail in every city and town of the countries of the former Soviet Union. Such a drastic reduction in building costs was necessary because, after World War II, there was a significant deficit in housing caused by the destruction of infrastructure in the Soviet Union during the war, with many major cities being completely destroyed and their buildings becoming unusable. Humorous insights into

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704-535: The inhabitants, and the xiaoqu is often enclosed by a wall, with the entrance gate being guarded. The xiaoqu often also have their own government representatives and property managers. The number of residents can vary greatly depending on the kind of xiaoqu, with Beijing's Tiantongyuan suburb having 420,000 residents, whereas other xiaoqu only consist of one building housing a few hundred residents. 2016 State Council guidelines called for opening up private roads in xiaoqu, and building smaller scale xiaoqu, to allow

736-442: The latter's relatively compact size; it was not unusual to have a school, a kindergarten, or a store serving the population of several blocks, which were often separated by major motor roads. The system of the city block also required a developed network of roads, thus increasing the maintenance and construction costs and complicating the organization of public transportation. The 1940s and 1950s saw further enlargement and grouping of

768-514: The people with facilities needed on a daily basis, whereas services in lesser demand were available on the residential-district level. This concept was backed up with the reorganization of the Soviet construction industry— panel-block apartment buildings became widespread as they allowed for fast, although often low-quality, construction, reduced costs, and economies of scale . The whole construction process became simplified and standardized, leading to

800-504: The potential consequences of living in such a bland and repetitive atmosphere appear in the hugely popular Mosfilm production The Irony of Fate (1976). In China, this type of neighbourhood unit is known as xiaoqu ( Chinese : 小区 ; pinyin : xiǎo qū ). First built in the 1980s in Jinan , Tianjin , and Wuxi , preceding the Chinese economic reform , they were very similar to

832-560: The same name This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lazarevsky&oldid=1255918108 " Category : Set index articles on populated places in Russia Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

864-455: The seashore, in former settlements later turned microdistricts . The biggest of them are (northwest to southeast) Vishnevka , Makopse , Sovet-Kvadzhe , Ashe , Lazarevskoye , Volkonka , Chemitokvadzhe , Golovinka , Yakornaya Shchel , Nizhnyaya Beranda , Vardane , Loo , Uchdere , and Dagomys . Dagomys is essentially a suburb of the center of Sochi. Further inland, there are mountains, separated by river valleys. The biggest rivers within

896-558: Was abolished on October 16, 1924, and the district was transferred to newly established North Caucasus Krai . In July 1930, okrugs were abolished, and Shapsugsky National District was directly subordinated to the krai. In 1930, the center of Shapsugsky National District was transferred to Krasnoaleksandrovskoye , in March 1931 — to Sovet-Kvadzhe, and in January 1934 Lazarevskoye was transferred to Shapsugsky National District as well and became

928-408: Was built on the idea of residential districts (with 10,000–30,000 inhabitants each), consisting of several microdistricts (with 8,000–12,000 inhabitants each), which in their turn comprised several residential complexes (with 1,000–1,500 inhabitants each). In larger cities, residential districts were grouped into urban zones, the population of which could reach one million. Each microdistrict provided

960-539: Was included into Tuapsinsky District with the administrative center in Tuapse. On June 2, 1924 Kuban-Black Sea Oblast was abolished, and Black Sea Okrug was included into South-Eastern Oblast . In September 1924, Shapsugsky National District with the administrative center in Tuapse was created, and the area was transferred to this district. Lazarevskoye remained in Tuapsinsky District. South-Eastern Oblast

992-461: Was transferred to the city of Sochi. Afterwards, it has been known as Lazarevsky City District. The district, likewise other parts of Sochi, mostly serves as holiday destination and is oriented towards beach holidays. The railway connecting Tuapse and Adler runs along the coast through the whole district. There is frequent suburban service between Sochi and Tuapse, as well as long-distance passenger service. The principal railway stations within

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1024-787: Was transformed into Black Sea Governorate with the center in Novorossiysk. The area was a part of Sochi Okrug . Soviet Power was declared in Sochi in February 1918, followed by the advance of the army of the Democratic Republic of Georgia , which in July 1918 occupied the whole coast up to Tuapse. In February 1919, they were driven back by the Volunteer Army under command of Anton Denikin . Between January and May 1920,

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