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46-559: The Basic Military Training Centre ( BMTC ) is a military training facility of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). It comprises five schools organised into three camps, of which two are based on Pulau Tekong , an island off the northeast coast of mainland Singapore, while the third camp is in Kranji in northwest Singapore. As its name indicates, it provides basic military training for the majority of recruits enlisted in

92-530: A MOS but also a unit to serve. After completing the 12 week FGI course, recruits are receiving the AFFIM certificate (say BCT graduation) and are considered as private 2nd class. After one week of leave, they go back to their regiment for the Formation de Spécialité Initiale (FSI) => MOS training. After FGI+FSI, they can start training with their platoon for external deployment. Usually, Private 1st class rank

138-400: A common experience. Sociologists have pointed out that tourist venues such as cruise ships are acquiring many of the characteristics of total institutions. Tourists may not be aware that they are being controlled, even constrained, but the environment has been designed to subtly manipulate the behavior of patrons. These examples differ from the traditional examples in that the influence

184-542: A day. The personal data was made available via a Google Drive document link that was shared on the BMTC's Facebook page. BMTC commander Colonel Desmond Yeo apologised and explained that the publication of the personal data was an "oversight" and the BMTC removed the link by noon the day after the data was made available after it had realised what had happened. Military recruit training Military recruit training , commonly known as basic training or boot camp , refers to

230-463: A legal right to do so. In the UK and U.S., recruits under the age of 20 are most likely to drop out in these ways. Recruit training varies by nation according to the national requirement and can be voluntary ( volunteer military ) or mandatory ( conscription ). Some nations operate both volunteer and conscription systems simultaneously. Recruit training differs according to military branch : Most of

276-494: A team. In particular, recruits are repeatedly instructed to stand, march, and respond to orders in a ritual known as foot drill , which is derived from 18th-century military practices and trains recruits to obey orders without hesitation or question. According to Finnish Army regulations, for example, foot drill is essential for the esprit de corps and cohesion, accustoms recruits to instinctive obedience, enables large units to be marched and moved in an orderly manner, and creates

322-463: A total institution. In recent decade the nursing home industry has quickly extended, and particular regions of the country have become huge territorial nursing homes where we hide the aged and they hide from us. Long before their death, they are buried in the folds of the total institution, hidden, out of sight and out of mind. In the United States, dying in a total institution has become

368-474: Is milling , an exercise used for infantry training in which pairs of recruits wearing boxing gloves punch each other in the head as aggressively as possible. To further enable recruits to kill on demand, they are taught to objectify ( dehumanize ) their opponent in battle as an ‘enemy target’ to ‘be engaged’, which will ‘fall when hit’. Recruits are taught the basic skills of their profession, such as military tactics , first aid, managing their affairs in

414-858: Is a Canadian military academy located on the site of Fort Saint-Jean (Quebec) , The Danish Army conducts the HBU (Hærens Basisuddannelse, Army Basic Training course) at 8 bases around the country. The course lasts four months, and has its focus on training skills used in connection with the Danish total defence, and on recruiting for the army's international missions, and for the NCO-schools. The recruits are technically conscripts, but during recession years, many young men and woman have volunteered for HBU. Training lasts 5.5 to 11.5 months total, depending on an individual specialization. All Finnish conscripts undergo six weeks of basic training ( peruskoulutuskausi ), which

460-414: Is an example, as the strong language of this instruction from a British army corporal illustrates: I wanna see it in your eyes that you wanna kill these fuckers. Imagine these dummies are the fucking Taliban and they’ve just killed some of your mates. You wanna fuckin’ kill them. Show me your war face! [Recruits yell] You need some fucking more aggression, show me your war face. Another example

506-599: Is earned after 6 to 12 month of time in service. For some units (mountain troops - airborne), there is also during first year a Formation d'Adaptation (FA) for basic mountain training (2 × 2 weeks) or parachute school (3 weeks) Content of FGI is the following one: Drills, First aid and chemical warfare, PT and obstacle course, First weapon qualification (FAMAS, pistol and grenade), Signals, Basic field and infantry training (even if not MOS11B later on), Presentation of French army, soldiers duties and reports. The Allgemeine Grundausbildung (AGA) (i.e. general basic training ) of

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552-618: Is essentially the same for all servicemen. It includes assault rifle ( RK-62 / RK-95 ) marksman training, few other basic weapon training, battle training, short field medic training and camping skills. At the end of this training, all men are promoted to their first military rank. After this, specialized training is given depending on the person (5,5–11,5 months). The NCO trainees go to AUK (NCO school) and become corporals or sergeants, from which some are selected to RUK (Reserve officer school) and become second lieutenants. Leadership training (officer candidates and NCOs) always lasts 11.5 months. In

598-471: Is observed by their family and friends, and senior military personnel. Recruits then pass to the next stage of their training, if applicable. A large percentage of recruits drop out of training. For example, attrition among British infantry recruits has been found to be above 30% during the first 12 weeks. Reasons for this include dismissal for behavioural problems, poor performance, or injury, and furthermore, recruits who choose to leave if and when they have

644-741: Is trained and passed out as an officer of the Pakistan Army in 2 years. Enlisted Men undertake training at the Regimental Center of their chosen regiment. Total institution A total institution or residential institution is a facility of work and residence where a great number of similarly situated people, cut off from the wider community for a considerable time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life. Privacy and civil liberties are limited or non-existent in total institutions, as all aspects of life including sleep , play , and work , are conducted in

690-530: The Bundeswehr covers the first three months of military service. The contents of the "Allgemeine Grundausbildung" includes A notable peculiarity of German basic training is rooted in German military tradition that prefers initiative to obedience. Rather than "breaking" the personality of new recruits through intimidation and aggression, German basic training generally tries to "mold" a recruits personality in

736-725: The Canadian Forces . The Canadian Forces Training System, a unified system for all the services, was devised and remains in place today. Most non-commissioned CF recruits in the Regular Force (full-time) participate in the 8-week Basic Military Qualification (BMQ) at Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School at Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu , Quebec . Regular Force officers complete their 12-week Basic Military Officer Qualification (BMOQ) at CFLRS as well, before moving on to Second Language Training or their occupational training. After basic training, personnel are trained in

782-526: The Israel Defense Forces (called tironut in Hebrew) varies depending on the unit: virtually every unusual unit completes a different training course. Recruits are certified as riflemen after the completion of the training, while most non-combat units train in all-army bases for the certification of Rifleman 02. Individuals who want to become officers must apply to be trained at a facility in

828-713: The Regional Force Surveillance Units usually differs greatly from training in the rest of the Army. For instance, NORFORCE recruits attend a 2-week course at the Kangaroo Flats. Recruits from areas covered by the RFSUs often come from indigenous cultures radically different from that of the general Australian population, and as such many regular standards and methods of training are not as applicable in their case. Recruit Training for officers in

874-509: The Australian Army (known as ICT—Initial Cadet Training) takes place at Royal Military College, Duntroon (RMC). The ICT is conducted for approximately seven weeks after which staff cadets continue military instruction in skills such as weapons training, military history, leadership, strategic studies and other such skills at section, platoon and company levels. Trainees at RMC hold the rank of Staff Cadet and, if successful in completing

920-586: The French army, the "Formation Générale Initiale" (FGI) is a 12 weeks course which occurs in a Centre de Formation Initiale des Militaires du Rang (CFIM). There are 10 CFIM in the country. Prior to this course, new recruits are joining the regiment they are going to serve during 3 to 5 years for reception week where they get issued gear, complete administrative documents and a final medical exam before starting training => in France any enlisted soldier signs not only for

966-716: The Negev desert called "Bahad One" (abbreviation of "Bsis Hadracha", Instruction Base). The Pakistan Military Academy (or PMA ) is a Military Academy of the Pakistan Army . It is located at Kakul in Abbottabad in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . The Pakistan Military Academy is analogous to Sandhurst , West Point or Tironut and undertakes training of the prospective officers of Pakistan Army. The academy has four training battalions and sixteen companies. A Cadet

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1012-508: The SAF. BMTC has five schools organised into three camps. Ladang Camp (BTMC Schools I, II and III) and Rocky Hill Camp (BTMC School IV) are on Pulau Tekong . BTMC School V is at Kranji Camp II. Each BMTC School is further subdivided into Companies . Access to Pulau Tekong and Kranji Camp II requires prior approval from the Ministry of Defence . There are ferry services between Pulau Tekong and

1058-740: The Singapore Armed Forces Ferry Terminal (SAFFT) at Changi on mainland Singapore. Next to the ferry terminal is the National Service Landmark, a life-sized statue of a soldier bearing the Singapore Armed Forces flag. BMTC is equipped with various facilities, including a five-storey housing block for each company, as well as sports facilities such as running tracks, indoor gyms and swimming pools, and supporting amenities such as cookhouses, canteens, medical centres and e-marts. On

1104-484: The armed forces (an aspect of Interservice rivalry), thereby establishing a hierarchy of esteem (also known as a hierarchy of respect ); the same stories are used to draw a contrast with the purported inferior norms associated with civilian life. ( Cf . Unit cohesion ) Evidence from Australia, the UK and the U.S. shows that recruit training systematically stimulates aggression , particularly in those enlisted for ground close combat roles. Bayonet practice

1150-728: The armed forces. Common features include foot drill , inspections, physical training, weapons training, and a graduation parade . The training process resocializes recruits to the demands made of them by military life. Psychological conditioning techniques are used to shape attitudes and behaviours, so that recruits will obey all orders, face mortal danger, and kill their opponents in battle. According to an expert in United States military training methods, Dave Grossman , recruit training makes extensive use of four types of conditioning techniques: role modeling , classical conditioning , operant conditioning , and brutalization. Inductees are required to partially submerge their individuality for

1196-532: The basis for action in the battlefield. The training process applies stressors continuously. Instructors may deprive recruits of sleep, food, or shelter; shout personal insults ; use physical aggression ; or give orders intended to humiliate . According to specialists in U.S. recruit training, the conditions of continuous stress deplete recruits' resistance to the demands made of them. The intense workload and sleep restriction experienced by military recruits leaves them little attention capacity for processing

1242-587: The course are commissioned as Lieutenants (pronounced Left-tenant). The overall full-time officer training course at RMC is 18 months long. Centralized recruit training in the Canadian Army did not exist until 1940, and until the creation of Basic Training Centres across Canada, recruit training had been done by individual units or depots. In 1968 the Canadian Army , Royal Canadian Navy , and Royal Canadian Air Force were unified into one service ,

1288-651: The exception of Construction Engineer Officers, who also do BMOQ-A Reservists, particularly the Army Reserve, may conduct basic and trades training part-time, generally alternating weekends with their own units. Due to increased integration of the Regular and Reserve Force, many reservists attend courses hosted by the Regular Force. Members of the Army Reserves complete an 8-week BMQ/SQ combined course (Basic Military Qualification and Soldier Qualification) during

1334-432: The field, and the use of weaponry and other equipment. Throughout, the physical fitness of recruits is tested and developed, although evidence from Israel, Norway, South Africa, the UK and the U.S. has found that the heavy strain on the body also leads to a high rate of injury. Recruits who complete their initial training normally take part in a graduation parade (also called passing-out or marching-out). The parade

1380-585: The head, issuing uniforms, denying privacy, and prohibiting the use of first names, individuality is suppressed. Recruits' daily routine is highly controlled, in the manner of the ' total institution ' described by the Canadian-American sociologist Erving Goffman . For example, the training regime determines how recruits must make their beds, polish boots, and stack their clothes; mistakes are punished. Throughout their training, recruits are conditioned to conform to military norms and to work as

1426-463: The hope of producing soldiers with stronger personalities and more own initiative. While until 2000 the Greek Army was mainly conscript based, since then a large Professional Enlisted institution has been adopted, which combined with the reduction of conscript service will produce an approximate 1:1 ratio between conscript and professional enlisted. While initially training of the two institutions

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1472-406: The individual, recruits are now in a world where the institutional value of the group is supreme. One has to be a team player or risk ostracism. The military does things quite deliberately to intensify the power of group pressure within its ranks. The group is made responsible for each member... even though it may seem manifestly unfair to make the group suffer for the individual. As a buffer against

1518-407: The initial instruction of new military personnel . It is a physically and psychologically intensive process, which resocializes its subjects for the unique demands of military employment . Initial military training is an intensive residential programme commonly lasting several weeks or months, which aims to induct newly recruited military personnel into the social norms and essential tasks of

1564-543: The messages they receive about new norms… Therefore, recruits should be less likely to devote their remaining cognitive effort to judging the quality of persuasive messages and will be more likely to be persuaded by the messages… Evidence from Canada, the UK, the U.S. and elsewhere shows that punishments are used routinely to condition group conformity and discourage poor performance. The role of group punishment in Canadian Army training, for example, has been described as follows: Coming from civilian society that elevates

1610-774: The recruit training in the Australian Army is currently held at Army Recruit Training Centre (ARTC) at Kapooka , near Wagga Wagga in New South Wales . Recruit training lasts 80 days for members of the Australian Regular Army and 35 days for members of the Australian Army Reserve . In basic training recruits are taught drill, weapons and workplace safety, basic equipment maintenance, marksmanship, fieldcraft, radio use and defensive/offensive operations. Training for recruits in

1656-416: The sake of their military unit, which enhances obedience to orders to perform actions normally absent from civilian life, including killing and prolonged exposure to danger. The resocialization of recruit training operates in several ways, as follows: Once their training has begun, the right of recruits to leave the military estate (or to quit the armed forces) is denied or tightly restricted. By shaving

1702-712: The same place. The concept is mostly associated with the work of sociologist Erving Goffman . The term is sometimes credited as having been coined and defined by Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman in his paper "On the Characteristics of Total Institutions", presented in April 1957 at the Walter Reed Institute 's Symposium on Preventive and Social Psychiatry. An expanded version appeared in Donald Cressey 's collection, The Prison , and

1748-563: The specialty of their "environment". Members of the Royal Canadian Navy undergo a five-week sea environment training course; with members of the Canadian Army undergo a 20-day Soldier Qualification course, while officers go through a 12-week Common Army Phase (now renamed to Basic Military Officer Qualification-Army); while members from the Royal Canadian Air Force move on directly to their trade training, with

1794-456: The stressful conditions of their training, the trainee group normally forms a strong bond of mutual loyalty . Researchers in the U.S. have described it as an intense "we-feeling", which can feel more powerful than the civilian bonds that recruits are familiar with. In 2006, an official report on Australian Defence Force training explained the importance of the group bond: Willingness to apply lethal force requires… sufficient bonding within

1840-890: The summer. Formerly the Naval and Air Reserve jointly conduct BMQ for its recruits at the Naval Reserve Training Division Borden, Ontario equivalent to Regular Force BMQ, at Canadian Forces Base Borden . Now the Naval Reserve conducts the Basic Military Naval Qualification in CFB Valcartier by the Canadian Forces Fleet School Québec (a combination of recruit training and naval environmental training which leads to savings in

1886-406: The team to override each individual’s natural human resistance to kill. The toughness and bonding required increases the closer the contact with the enemy. Recruits are taught to be proud of their identity as professional military personnel, and of their unit in particular. Heroic regimental stories and symbols are used to ennoble the recruits' own unit above others, and above other branches of

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1932-502: The training grounds, there are training sheds, a firing range simulator, as well as rifle, grenade and battle inoculation course ranges. All buildings in Ladang Camp are connected by sheltered walkways. The Tekong Highway located north of Ladang Camp leads to Rocky Hill Camp. In March 2017, BMTC mistakenly published the full NRIC numbers alongside photo portraits of a batch of graduating National Service (NS) recruits online for almost

1978-563: The training). The Navy trains its personnel in seamanship , firefighting , damage control and other skills after BMQ, in the Naval Environmental Training Program (NETP) in either Esquimalt, British Columbia or Halifax, Nova Scotia . The Royal Military College of Canada is the military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting university. The Royal Military College Saint-Jean

2024-414: The validity of Goffman's concept of 'total institutions' which minimizes the differences in formal mission to establish a unity of design and structure." In Discipline and Punish , Michel Foucault discussed total institutions in the language of complete and austere institutions . According to S. Lammers and A. Verhey, some 80 percent of Americans will ultimately die not in their home, but in

2070-493: Was reprinted in Goffman's 1961 collection, Asylums . Fine and Manning, however, note that Goffman heard the term in lectures by Everett Hughes (likely during the late-1940s seminar, "Work and Occupations"). Regardless of whether Goffman coined the term, he can be credited with popularizing it. Total institutions are divided by Goffman into five different types: David Rothman states that "historians have confirmed

2116-435: Was shared, it has since then diverged, and conscript training has been reduced in length while professional enlisted training has been increased. The Indian military services have established numerous and distinguished academies and staff colleges across India for the purpose of training professional soldiers in new generation military sciences, warfare command and strategy, and associated technologies. The recruit training of

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