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28-482: The occurrence of lady chapels varies by location and exist in most of the French cathedrals and churches where they form part of the chevet . In Belgium they were not introduced before the 14th century; in some cases they are of the same size as the other chapels of the chevet, but in others (probably rebuilt at a later period) they became much more important features. Some of the best examples can be found in churches of

56-544: A Catholic perspective, including issues that divide Catholicism from Protestantism and other faith communities. Since the encyclopedia was first published starting in 1907 and has never been updated (versus the New Catholic Encyclopedia ), many of its entries may be out of date either with respect to the wider culture or to the Catholic ecclesiastical world. In particular, it predates the creation of

84-667: A project to republish the 1907-1913 original edition of the '"Catholic Encyclopedia on the Internet . Knight founded the Web site New Advent to host the undertaking. Volunteers from several countries, including the United States, Canada , France , and Brazil helped in the transcription of the original text material. The site first went online two years later in 1995, and transcription work ended after four years efforts in 1997. In 2007, Catholic Answers internet website published

112-622: A publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Lady-chapel ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 62. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " Chapel ". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. Chevet In architecture , an apse ( pl. : apses ; from Latin absis , 'arch, vault'; from Ancient Greek ἀψίς , apsis , 'arch'; sometimes written apsis ; pl. : apsides )

140-546: A watermarked version derived from page scans. This version has since been replaced with a transcription of the Encyclopedia similar to that found at the New Advent web site. The Catholic Answers transcription, however, is an exact transcription of the original text, whereas the New Advent version at times modernizes certain usages (e.g., using the titles of Old Testament books found in several Protestant versions of

168-521: Is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome , also known as an exedra . In Byzantine , Romanesque , and Gothic Christian church (including cathedral and abbey ) architecture , the term is applied to a semi-circular or polygonal termination of the main building at the liturgical east end (where the altar is), regardless of the shape of the roof, which may be flat, sloping, domed, or hemispherical. Smaller apses are found elsewhere, especially in shrines . An apse

196-401: Is a semicircular recess, often covered with a hemispherical vault. Commonly, the apse of a church, cathedral or basilica is the semicircular or polygonal termination to the choir or sanctuary , or sometimes at the end of an aisle. Smaller apses are sometimes built in other parts of the church, especially for reliquaries or shrines of saints. The domed apse became a standard part of

224-561: Is entirely new, and not merely a translation or a compilation from other encyclopedic sources. The editors have insisted that the articles should contain the latest and most accurate information to be obtained from the standard works on each subject. However, "from standard works" allows that some of the articles from European contributors such as Pierre Batiffol (French) and Johann Peter Kirsch (German) had previously been published in whole or in part in Europe and were translated and edited for

252-578: Is now the parish church. The Lady Chapel in Liverpool Cathedral is another, more recent, example. Consecrated in June 1910, it was designed by George Gilbert Scott and is noteworthy for its size and beauty. Salisbury and Truro cathedrals have an eastern chapel that is equivalent to a lady chapel but with a different name, as a result of the whole church being dedicated to Mary. [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from

280-554: Is reserved for the clergy, and was therefore formerly called the "presbytery", from Greek presbuteros , " elder ", or in older and Catholic usage "priest". Semi-circular choirs, first developed in the East, which came into use in France in 470. By the onset of the 13th century, they had been augmented with radiating apse chapels outside the choir aisle, the entire structure of apse, choir and radiating chapels coming to be known as

308-701: The Holy Bible (used in Protestant churches / denominations ), such as "1 & 2 Chronicles" and "Obadiah", in place of the titles traditionally used differently in the Vulgate ( Latin ) / Douay–Rheims (Roman Catholic) Bible versions, (such as titles of "1 & 2 Paralipomenon" and "Abdias") and Biblical citation formatting (i.e., the Catholic Answers version retains the original's usage of Roman numerals for chapter numbers [e.g., Genesis I,1], while

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336-618: The Renaissance period in Italy and Spain . It was in lady chapels, towards the close of the Middle Ages, that innovations in church music were allowed, only the strict chant being heard in the choir. In late Old English the word 'lady' belonged to a declension of feminine nouns which were uninflected for the singular possessive, and the name (Our) Lady Chapel is a fossilized vestige. It should be understood as (Our) Lady's Chapel In

364-672: The Vatican City State (1929) and the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), which introduced changes to Catholic practice. The writing of the encyclopedia began on January 11, 1905, under the supervision of five editors: The first edition was initially printed by the Robert Appleton Company of New York City . The volumes came out sequentially, the first two in 1907 and the last three in 1912: The editors had their first editorial meeting at

392-784: The chevet (French, "headpiece"). Catholic Encyclopedia (1913) The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church , also referred to as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia and the Original Catholic Encyclopedia , is an English-language encyclopedia published in the United States. The first volume appeared in March 1907 and

420-600: The 12th-century legends surrounding King   Lucius of Britain , the apostles Fagan and Duvian were said to have erected the Lady Chapel at Glastonbury as the oldest church in Britain; the accounts are now held to have been pious forgeries . The earliest English lady chapel of certain historicity was that in the Saxon cathedral of Canterbury ; this was transferred during the rebuilding by Archbishop Lanfranc to

448-573: The Church and explaining matters from the Catholic point of view. It records the accomplishments of Catholics and others in nearly all intellectual and professional pursuits, including artists, educators, poets and scientists. While more limited in focus than other general encyclopedias, it was far broader in scope than previous efforts at comprehensive Catholic encyclopedias, which covered only internal Church affairs. It offers in-depth portrayals of historical and philosophical ideas, persons and events, from

476-611: The Encyclopedia. Those who wrote new articles in English include Anthony Maas and Herbert Thurston . Under the copyright law of the United States , all works published in the United States before 1928 are considered in the public domain . In 1993, Kevin Knight, a 26-year-old resident of Denver, Colorado , decided, during the visit of Pope John Paul II (1920-2005, served 1978-2005), to that city for World Youth Day , to launch

504-471: The New Advent version uses Arabic numerals throughout [e.g., Genesis 1:1]). Another transcription is hosted by Catholic Online internet website. Similarly to the Catholic Answers transcription, it uses an exact rendition of the original text. Scanned copies of the 1907-1913 Encyclopedia are available on Google Books , at the Internet Archive , and at Wikimedia Commons . Wikisource also hosts

532-495: The church plan in the early Christian era. In the Eastern Orthodox Church tradition, the south apse is known as the diaconicon and the north apse as the prothesis . Various ecclesiastical features of which the apse may form part are drawn together here. The chancel (or sanctuary), directly to the east beyond the choir , contains the high altar, where there is one (compare communion table ). This area

560-434: The editors subsequently held 134 formal meetings to consider the plan, scope and progress of the multi-volumed reference work, culminating in publication ending on April 19, 1913. A first supplement was published nine years later in 1922; a second supplement in nine loose-leaf sections was published by The Gilmary Society three decades later, between 1950 and 1958. In 1912, a special completely illustrated, commemorative volume

588-507: The express purpose of publishing the encyclopedia. The five members of the encyclopedia's Editorial Board also served as the directors of the company. In 1912, the company's name was changed to The Encyclopedia Press. Publication of the encyclopedia's volumes was the sole business conducted by the company during the project's lifetime. The encyclopedia was designed to serve the Catholic Church , concentrating on information related to

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616-520: The last three volumes appeared in 1912, followed by a master index volume in 1914 and later supplementary volumes. It was designed "to give its readers full and authoritative information on the entire cycle of Catholic interests, action and doctrine". The Catholic Encyclopedia was published by the Robert Appleton Company (RAC), a publishing company incorporated in New York in February 1905 for

644-522: The offices of the Archdiocese of New York 's newspaper The Messenger , on West 16th Street, New York City . The text received a nihil obstat from an official censor, Remy Lafort, on November 1, 1908, and an imprimatur from John Murphy Farley , then Archbishop of New York . This review process was presumably accelerated by the reuse of older authorized publications. In addition to frequent informal conferences and constant communication by letters,

672-519: The parish church at Ottery St Mary , Thetford Priory , Bury St Edmunds Cathedral , Wimborne Minster and Highfield Church in Hampshire. The Lady Chapel was built over the chancel in Compton, Guildford , Surrey; Compton Martin , Somersetshire; and Darenth , Kent. At Croyland Abbey there were two lady chapels. The Priory Church at Little Dunmow was the lady chapel of an Augustinian priory, and

700-421: The west end of the nave , and again shifted in 1450 to the chapel on the east side of the north transept . The lady chapel of Ely Cathedral is a distinct building attached to the north transept, which was built before 1016. At Rochester the current lady chapel is west of the south transept (which was the original lady chapel, and to which the current chapel was an extension). Probably the largest lady chapel

728-504: Was awarded to those patrons who contributed to the start of the enterprise in 1907 by buying multiple encyclopedia sets early on. There was controversy over the presence of The Catholic Encyclopedia on the shelves in public libraries in the United States with nativist protests that this violated the constitutional separation of church and state , including a successful court appeal in Belleville, New Jersey . The encyclopedia

756-635: Was built by Henry III in 1220 in Westminster Abbey . This chapel was 30 feet (9.1 m) wide, much in excess of any foreign example, and extended to the end of the site now occupied by Henry VII's Lady Chapel . Also in 1220, the office of Warden of the Lady Chapel was established, with the responsibility for the Lady altar, and its sacred vessels, candles and other accoutrements. Among other notable English examples of lady chapels are those at

784-526: Was later updated over a half-century later under the auspices of the faculty of The Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. and the successor New Catholic Encyclopedia was first published 53 years later in 1967, followed by several supplements during the next three decades. Then a revised second edition 35 years more in 2002. It too has been supplemented every few years since. The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers states that: The work

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