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95-619: Orange Livebox is an ADSL wireless router available to customers of Orange 's Broadband services in Kenya , Guinea , France , Tunisia , Spain , Jordan , the Netherlands , Switzerland , Poland , Belgium , The United Kingdom ( Formerly ), Mauritian partner MyT, Lightspeed Communications in Bahrain and Orange Botswana . Depending on the model, it is manufactured by Inventel , Sagecom  [ fr ] or ZTE . The Livebox

190-495: A telecom provider , it consists of broadcast live television that is streamed over the Internet ( multicast ) — in contrast to delivery through traditional terrestrial , satellite , and cable transmission formats — as well as video on demand services for watching or replaying content ( unicast ). IPTV broadcasts started gaining usage during the 2000s alongside the rising use of broadband -based internet connections. It

285-433: A television programme could be squeezed into the limited telecommunication bandwidth of a copper telephone cable to provide a video-on-demand (VOD) television service of acceptable quality, as the required bandwidth of a digital television signal was around 200   Mbit/s , which was 2,000 times greater than the bandwidth of a speech signal over a copper telephone wire . VOD services were only made possible as

380-584: A TV anywhere they wanted - as long as they had a power outlet. Bell Fibe TV commercials would show young families watching TV outside on the couch with large 70+ inch LCDs and their Bell Fibe wireless PVR. In Brazil, since at least 2012, Vivo has been offering the service Vivo TV Fibra in 200+ cities where it has FTTH coverage (4Q 2020 data) . Since at least 2018, Oi has also been offering IPTV under its FTTH service "Oi Fibra". Also, several regional FTTH providers also offer IPTV along with FTTH internet services. In 2016, Korean Central Television (KCTV) introduced

475-450: A VOD content provider. Kingston was one of the first companies in the world to introduce IPTV and IP VOD over ADSL as a commercial service. The service became the reference for various changes to UK Government regulations and policy on IPTV. In 2006, the KIT service was discontinued, subscribers having declined from a peak of 10,000 to 4,000. In 1999, NBTel (now known as Bell Aliant ) was

570-520: A clear emerging technology for implementing IPTV networks. Satellite distribution can be included in an IPTV network architecture in several ways. The simplest to implement is an IPTV- direct to home (DTH) architecture, in which hybrid DVB-broadband set-top boxes in subscriber homes integrate satellite and IP reception to give additional bandwidth with return channel capabilities. In such a system, many live TV channels may be multicast via satellite and supplemented with stored video-on-demand transmission via

665-444: A competitive multi-channel TV service, a connection speed of 20 Mbit/s is likely to be required, but unavailable to most potential customers. The increasing popularity of high-definition television increases connection speed requirements or limits IPTV service quality and connection eligibility even further. However, satellites are capable of delivering in excess of 100 Gbit/s via multi-spot beam technologies, making satellite

760-467: A conventional Internet Protocol network. There are both technical and marketing reasons why ADSL is in many places the most common type offered to home users. On the technical side, there is likely to be more crosstalk from other circuits at the DSLAM end (where the wires from many local loops are close to each other) than at the customer premises. Thus the upload signal is weakest at the noisiest part of

855-473: A customer had an Orange mobile plan) as listed above in the pdf, 03 UK landlines were added when UK telecom regulator released the 03 prefix. 1000 minutes Fair Usage Policy was later introduced which affected both the 30/100 countries package when 30 countries plan launched. Free calls will be disconnected after two hours, at which time one can then redial. Orange Broadband Unlimited was discounted by £15 for Orange Mobile customers at this point to just £5. Using

950-451: A dedicated data line was installed. This way, the DSL signal is separated as close as possible to the central office and is not attenuated inside the customer's premises. However, this procedure was costly, and also caused problems with customers complaining about having to wait for the technician to perform the installation. So, many DSL providers started offering a "self-install" option, in which

1045-565: A depth, usually 8 to 64, which describes how many Reed–Solomon codewords are accumulated before they are sent. As they can all be sent together, their forward error correction codes can be made more resilient. Interleaving adds latency as all the packets have to first be gathered (or replaced by empty packets) and they, of course, all take time to transmit. 8 frame interleaving adds 5 ms round-trip time , while 64 deep interleaving adds 25 ms. Other possible depths are 16 and 32. "Fastpath" connections have an interleaving depth of 1, that

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1140-519: A designer at Saguez and Partners. They were designed to harmoniously fit in homes and to be laid both vertically or horizontally. This design has been rewarded twice. In 2005, France Telecom launched a "Livebox Fashion" and also a "Livebox Music"; in the same year stickers were offered to personalise it and synthetic fur covers were also offered to promote the King Kong film. Asymmetric digital subscriber line ADSL works by using spectrum above

1235-545: A direct one-to-one transmission mechanism. IPTV methods have been standardised by organisations such as ETSI . IPTV has found success in some regions: for example in Western Europe in 2015, pay IPTV users overtook pay satellite TV users. IPTV is also used for media delivery around corporate and private networks. Historically, many different definitions of IPTV have appeared, including elementary streams over IP networks, MPEG transport streams over IP networks and

1330-422: A feature termed seamless rate adaptation (SRA), which can accommodate changes in total link capacity with less disruption to communications. Vendors may support the usage of higher frequencies as a proprietary extension to the standard. However, this requires matching vendor-supplied equipment on both ends of the line, and will likely result in crosstalk problems that affect other lines in the same bundle. There

1425-428: A few. Hotel television systems are the in-suite television content presented in hotel rooms, other hotel environments and in the hospitality industry for in-room entertainment, as well as hospitals, assisted living, senior care and nursing homes. These services may be free for the guest or paid, depending on the service and the individual hotel's or hotel chain's policy. Generally, these services are controlled by using

1520-460: A justification for internet service providers to offer a more expensive service aimed at commercial users who host websites, and who therefore need a service which allows for as much data to be uploaded as downloaded. File sharing applications are an obvious exception to this situation. Secondly internet service providers, seeking to avoid overloading of their backbone connections, have traditionally tried to limit uses such as file sharing which generate

1615-824: A larger server network. Distributed architecture requires intelligent and sophisticated content distribution technologies to augment effective delivery of multimedia content over the service provider's network. In many cases, the residential gateway that provides connectivity with the Internet access network is not located close to the IPTV set-top box. This scenario becomes very common as service providers start to offer service packages with multiple set-top boxes per subscriber. Networking technologies that take advantage of existing home wiring (such as power lines, phone lines or coaxial cables) or of wireless hardware have become common solutions for this problem, although fragmentation in

1710-524: A limited beta. By 2010, iiNet and Telstra launched IPTV services in conjunction to internet plans. In 2008, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) launched IPTV under the brand name of PTCL Smart TV in Pakistan . This service is available in 150 major cities of the country offering 140 live channels. In 2010, CenturyLink – after acquiring Embarq (2009) and Qwest (2010) – entered five U.S. markets with an IPTV service called Prism. This

1805-402: A lot of uploads. Currently, most ADSL communication is full-duplex . Full-duplex ADSL communication is usually achieved on a wire pair by either frequency-division duplex (FDD), echo-cancelling duplex (ECD) , or time-division duplex (TDD). FDD uses two separate frequency bands, referred to as the upstream and downstream bands. The upstream band is used for communication from the end user to

1900-531: A low link capacity. The total maximum capacity derived from summing the bits-per-bin is reported by DSL modems and is sometimes termed sync rate . This will always be rather misleading: the true maximum link capacity for user data transfer rate will be significantly lower because extra data are transmitted that are termed protocol overhead , reduced figures for PPPoA connections of around 84–87 percent, at most, being common. In addition, some ISPs will have traffic policies that limit maximum transfer rates further in

1995-537: A lower throughput rate or not at all; this reduces the maximum link capacity but allows the modem to maintain an adequate connection. The DSL modem will make a plan on how to exploit each of the bins, sometimes termed "bits per bin" allocation. Those bins that have a good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be chosen to transmit signals chosen from a greater number of possible encoded values (this range of possibilities equating to more bits of data sent) in each main clock cycle. The number of possibilities must not be so large that

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2090-529: A number of proprietary systems. One official definition approved by the International Telecommunication Union focus group on IPTV (ITU-T FG IPTV) is: IPTV is defined as multimedia services such as television/video/audio/text/graphics/data delivered over IP-based networks managed to provide the required level of quality of service and experience, security, interactivity and reliability. Another definition of IPTV, relating to

2185-612: A paid subscription. Some sport events and movies are available on a pay-per-view scheme. The decoder can be connected to an aerial allowing for free-to-air channel reception via digital terrestrial television . In 2009, Orange launched Livebox 2 in France and Spain, and later also in Poland and Belgium. This device is Wi-Fi N enabled. It includes 2 USB ports for disk and printer sharing, 2 FXS ports to connect standard phones, Wi-Fi on/off button, and 4 Ethernet ports. The new Livebox has

2280-564: A pairing mode for Wi-Fi: Wifi Protected Setup (WPS). In December 2011 WPS was shown to be vulnerable to brute-force attacks, and should not be considered secure. The new router includes DLNA, so all the devices connected to the Livebox (via Ethernet or Wi-Fi) can share the contents of the USB disks connected to the Livebox. The devices can also access a shared printer connected to one of the router's USB port. Orange currently have no plans to release

2375-469: A process called "bitswap", where bins that have become noisier are only required to carry fewer bits and other channels will be chosen to be given a higher burden. The data transfer capacity the DSL modem therefore reports is determined by the total of the bits-per-bin allocations of all the bins combined. Higher signal-to-noise ratios and more bins being in use gives a higher total link capacity, while lower signal-to-noise ratios or fewer bins being used gives

2470-469: A result of two major technological developments: motion-compensated DCT video compression and asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) data transmission . Motion-compensated DCT algorithms for video coding standards include the H.26x formats from 1988 onwards and the MPEG formats from 1991 onwards. Motion-compensated DCT video compression significantly reduced the amount of bandwidth required for

2565-430: A single multicast group address. In standards-based IPTV systems, the primary underlying protocols used are: Local IPTV, as used by businesses for audio visual AV distribution on their company networks is typically based on a mixture of: Although IPTV and conventional satellite TV distribution have been seen as complementary technologies, they are likely to be increasingly used together in hybrid IPTV networks. IPTV

2660-493: A suggested SNR margin to the customer's DSL modem when it initially connects, and the modem may make its bits-per-bin allocation plan accordingly. A high SNR margin will mean a reduced maximum throughput, but greater reliability and stability of the connection. A low SNR margin will mean high speeds, provided the noise level does not increase too much; otherwise, the connection will have to be dropped and renegotiated (resynced). ADSL2+ can better accommodate such circumstances, offering

2755-514: A television signal, while at the same time ADSL increased the bandwidth of data that could be sent over a copper telephone wire. ADSL increased the bandwidth of a telephone line from around 0.1   Mbit/s to 2   Mbit/s, while DCT compression reduced the required bandwidth of a digital television signal from around 200   Mbit/s down to about 2   Mbit/s. The combination of DCT and ADSL technologies made it possible to practically implement VOD services at around 2   Mbit/s bandwidth in

2850-400: A user will visit a number of web sites and will need to download the data that comprises the web pages from the site, images, text, sound files etc. but they will only upload a small amount of data, as the only uploaded data is that used for the purpose of verifying the receipt of the downloaded data (in very common TCP connections) or any data inputted by the user into forms etc. This provides

2945-439: Is "because the system we use to provide your second line is closing". In replacement of VOIP, some customers may be offered free calls from their main home phone line with the "new Bright Box" consisting of: free calls to UK landlines 01, 02 and non-geographic 03; some UK mobile minutes and any time landline calls to 64 countries. Orange are now quoting an end date 27 March 2013 for all remaining Livebox Second Line customers. In

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3040-468: Is a direct relationship between the number of channels available and the throughput capacity of the ADSL connection. The exact data capacity per channel depends on the modulation method used. ADSL initially existed in two versions (similar to VDSL ), namely CAP and DMT. CAP was the de facto standard for ADSL deployments up until 1996, deployed in 90 percent of ADSL installations at the time. However, DMT

3135-406: Is a greater risk case of error should future signal-to-noise ratios deteriorate to the point where the bits-per-bin allocations chosen are too high to cope with the greater noise present. This conservatism, involving a choice of using fewer bits per bin as a safeguard against future noise increases, is reported as the signal-to-noise ratio margin or SNR margin . The telephone exchange can indicate

3230-486: Is a growing standardisation effort on the use of the 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as an architecture for supporting IPTV services in telecommunications carrier networks. Both ITU-T and ETSI are working on so-called "IMS-based IPTV" standards (see e.g. ETSI TS 182 027 ). Carriers will be able to offer both voice and IPTV services over the same core infrastructure and the implementation of services combining conventional TV services with telephony features (e.g. caller ID on

3325-511: Is a relatively simple and easy-to-manage solution. Because all media content is stored in centralised servers, it does not require a comprehensive content distribution system. Centralised architecture is generally good for a network that provides relatively small VOD service deployment, has adequate core and edge bandwidth or has an efficient content delivery network (CDN). A distributed architecture has bandwidth usage advantages and inherent system management features that are essential for managing

3420-467: Is also known as FunBox in some countries like Poland , Ivory Coast and Senegal . Although hardware for these services is built into every Livebox, some ( Bluetooth and Live Printer) are only activated by firmware updates. Currently, the latest firmware is v5.10.7-uk for the UK. With hacking, and possibly in future firmware releases, it may be possible to use other hardware , such as hard drives, with

3515-592: Is available throughout the country. Dialog TV has been available through the service since 2018. In Pakistan , IPTV was launched by PTCL in 2008, under the brand name of PTCL Smart TV . This service is available in 150 major cities of the country. In the Philippines , PLDT offers Cignal IPTV services as an add-on in certain ADSL and fiber optic plans. In Malaysia , various companies have attempted to launch IPTV services since 2005. Failed PayTV provider MiTV attempted to use an IPTV-over-UHF service but

3610-451: Is largely neutral to the transmission medium, and IP traffic is already routinely carried by satellite for Internet backbone trunking and corporate VSAT networks. The copper twisted pair cabling that forms the last mile of the telephone and broadband network in many countries is not able to provide a sizeable proportion of the population with an IPTV service that matches even existing terrestrial or satellite digital TV distribution. For

3705-648: Is more susceptible to electromagnetic interference and has more attenuation than solid twisted-pair copper wires typically wired to telephone jacks. These effects are especially significant where the customer's phone line is more than 4 km from the DSLAM in the telephone exchange, which causes the signal levels to be lower relative to any local noise and attenuation. This will have the effect of reducing speeds or causing connection failures. FTTx usually has no surge problems, for example, caused by lightning . ADSL defines three "Transmission protocol-specific transmission convergence (TPS-TC)" layers: In home installation,

3800-409: Is often provided bundled with internet access services by ISPs to subscribers and runs in a closed network. IPTV normally requires the use of a set-top box , which receives the encoded television content in the MPEG transport stream via IP multicast , and converts the packets to be watched on a TV set or other kind of display. It is distinct from over-the-top (OTT) services, which are based on

3895-411: Is one packet is sent at a time. This has a low latency, usually around 10 ms (interleaving adds to it, this is not greater than interleaved) but it is extremely prone to errors, as any burst of noise can take out the entire packet and so require it all to be retransmitted. Such a burst on a large interleaved packet only blanks part of the packet, it can be recovered from error correction information in

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3990-437: Is rarely done. It is usually much easier to install filters at each telephone jack that is in use. DSL signals may be degraded by older telephone lines, surge protectors, poorly designed microfilters, repetitive electrical impulse noise , and by long telephone extension cords. Telephone extension cords are typically made with small-gauge, multi-strand copper conductors which do not maintain a noise-reducing pair twist. Such cable

4085-500: Is the piece of equipment that terminates the access link from the delivery network. Lastly, the user set-top box is the piece of endpoint equipment that decodes and decrypts TV and VOD streams for display on the TV screen. Depending on the network architecture of the service provider, there are two main types of video server architecture that can be considered for IPTV deployment: centralised and distributed. The centralised architecture model

4180-481: The ADSL modem tests each of the bins to determine the signal-to-noise ratio at each bin's frequency. Distance from the telephone exchange , cable characteristics, interference from AM radio stations , and local interference and electrical noise at the modem's location can adversely affect the signal-to-noise ratio at particular frequencies. Bins for frequencies exhibiting a reduced signal-to-noise ratio will be used at

4275-460: The Netherlands , Georgia , Greece , Denmark , Finland , Estonia , Czech Republic , Slovakia , Hungary , Norway , Sweden , Iceland , Latvia , Turkey , Colombia , Chile and Uzbekistan . The United Kingdom launched IPTV early and after a slow initial growth, in February 2009 BT announced that it had reached 398,000 subscribers to its BT Vision service. A free IPTV service by

4370-560: The VoIP service was added. Orange Unique launched in 2006 with expensive Animal Canary or Panther mobile Unique plans allows free calls over UMA (wifi connected calls from Orange UMA enabled mobile); this allowed Orange mobile users free calls to UK landline 01 02, UK non-geographic 03 and Orange UK mobile calls and landlines in 30 countries as per the newer Livebox package when calls started over wifi (and continued to be free when call transferred seamlessly over to Orange UK mobile network). Later

4465-646: The set-top box called Manbang , reportedly providing video-on-demand services in North Korea via quasi-internet protocol television (IPTV). Manbang allows viewers to watch five different TV channels in real-time, and find political information regarding the Supreme Leader and Juche ideology, and read articles from state-run news organizations. The global IPTV market was expected to grow from 28 million subscribers at US$ 12 billion revenue in 2009 to 83 million and US$ 38 billion in 2013. Europe and Asia are

4560-465: The 0845 non-geographic rate rather than free. However, the free Orange Mobile calls only apply to users using the Home Select or Home Max Packages, and they must be Orange Pay Monthly users (as per the old 100 countries Unlimited plan). Users can enter their contract ID into their Member Centre configuration pages. In the firmware update of February 2008, the ability to adjust the audio quality of

4655-485: The 1990s. The term IPTV first appeared in 1995 with the founding of Precept Software by Judith Estrin and Bill Carrico . Precept developed an Internet video product named IP/TV . IP/TV was an Mbone compatible Windows and Unix-based application that transmitted single and multi-source audio and video traffic, ranging from low to DVD quality, using both unicast and IP multicast Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and Real time control protocol (RTCP). The software

4750-448: The IP protocol to transport the audio, video and control signals. In contrast to video over the public Internet, with IPTV deployments, network security and performance are tightly managed to ensure a superior entertainment experience, resulting in a compelling business environment for content providers, advertisers and customers alike. Up until the early 1990s, it was not thought possible that

4845-466: The Livebox 2.0 in the UK market, instead opting to keep the current Livebox 1.0 (Livebox 1.2 no longer stocked) and the Siemens Gigaset 572 Router. A more upmarket version was released in 2011. Connectivity is similar to the Livebox 2, but it has a small LCD colour display with menu buttons, and is intended for the small business market. Livebox 1.1 and 1.2 have been designed by Boris Gentine,

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4940-528: The Livebox under the name Orange TV. Orange TV currently delivers 160 channels (of which 26 are in HD, 1 in 3D and all the Freeview channels). It also gives access to Canal+, VOD, Deezer and Dailymotion. An IPTV service is available to most Spanish customers via an extra decoder box that connects to the yellow Ethernet port of the Livebox. The service allows for streaming of several free channels, while others require

5035-493: The Second Line will be charged at the standard rate by the customer's line rental provider. Orange help pages still refer to the Livebox when setting up broadband and include references to the Second Line. In December 2012, Some existing users of the second line have started receiving a letter from Orange stating that "from February 2013, your second line service will no longer be available." The letter just explains that it

5130-836: The September 13th (2010) press release it would begin deploying fiber optic Ethernet to homes in Montreal and Toronto . Bell has since continued to install fiber optic Ethernet to homes (fibre to the home) across Ontario and Quebec , Bell Canada's two largest customer territories. Bell was very successful with the deployment of the Bell Fibe product offering. Many customers in Ontario and Quebec switched from legacy ( coaxial ) cable companies to Bell's Fibe product because of Bell's marketing around IPTV and their at-home wireless PVR offering. Bell's wireless PVR would permit customers to place

5225-552: The TV screen) will become straightforward. IPTV supports both live TV as well as stored video-on-demand. Playback requires a device connected to either a fixed or wireless IP network in the form of a standalone personal computer , smartphone , touch screen tablet , game console , connected TV or set-top box . Content is compressed by Video and audio codecs and then encapsulated in MPEG transport stream or Real-time Transport Protocol or other packets. IP multicasting allows for live data to be sent to multiple receivers using

5320-536: The UK Livebox allows free calls to Orange mobile phones and 30 countries (providing the call is made from the Orange Second Line to a landline in that country. A list of these countries can be found here. The original Livebox second line plan "Talk Unlimited" on Orange Broadband Unlimited plan at UK's Livebox launch was calls to 100 countries, UK 01 and 02 landlines including Orange UK mobiles (where

5415-553: The USB host port. Due to deliberate restrictions embedded in the firmware, Liveboxes in the UK are locked to Orange. As a result, they will not work with other ISP's. However, hackers have found ways to circumvent this restriction by overwriting the firmware. Second Line is Orange's VoIP service through the Livebox. In the United Kingdom, France and Spain it is free to call national, international landlines as well as other Livebox numbers and Orange mobile numbers. Additionally,

5510-543: The Unique plan above was FREE on any price plan, then optional £1 for Orange UK calls, £3 for UK landlines & Orange or £5 for both and included the 30 International landlines. Orange dropped these Unique packages later (circa 2008?) and all Unique/UMA calls are now billed/deducted as per your mobile contract allowances/rates. Original Unique customers continue to have these additional bolt/add on plans kept on mobile plans/accounts, unavailable for new customers. The Second Line

5605-436: The band used by voice telephone calls . With a DSL filter , often called splitter , the frequency bands are isolated, permitting a single telephone line to be used for both ADSL service and telephone calls at the same time. ADSL is generally only installed for short distances from the telephone exchange (the last mile ), typically less than 4 kilometres (2.5 mi), but has been known to exceed 8 kilometres (5 mi) if

5700-422: The broadband connection. Arqiva ’s Satellite Media Solutions Division suggests "IPTV works best in a hybrid format. For example, you would use broadband to receive some content and satellite to receive other, such as live channels". Hybrid IPTV refers to the combination of traditional broadcast TV services and video delivered over either managed IP networks or the public Internet. It is an increasing trend in both

5795-602: The consumer and pay TV markets. The growth of Hybrid IPTV is driven by two major factors. Since the emergence of online video aggregation sites, like YouTube and Vimeo in the mid-2000s, traditional pay TV operators have come under increasing pressure to provide their subscribers with a means of viewing Internet -based video on their televisions. At the same time, specialist IP-based operators have looked for ways to offer analogue and digital terrestrial services to their operations, without adding either additional cost or complexity to their transmission operations. Bandwidth

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5890-518: The country under the trademark "Tivibu EV". Superonline plans to provide IPTV under the different name "WebTV" in 2011. Türk Telekom started building the fibre optic substructure for IPTV in late 2007. IPTV has been widely used since around 2002 to distribute television and audio-visual (AV) media around businesses and commercial sites, whether as live TV channels or Video on Demand (VOD). Examples of types of commercial users include airports, schools, offices, hotels, and sports stadiums, to name just

5985-404: The customer's premises to avoid interference between the DSL, voice services, and any other connections to the line (for example intruder alarms). This is desirable for the voice service and essential for a reliable ADSL connection. In the early days of DSL, installation required a technician to visit the premises. A splitter or microfilter was installed near the demarcation point , from which

6080-497: The customer's premises. Commonly, microfilters are only low-pass filters, so beyond them only low frequencies (voice signals) can pass. In the data section, a microfilter is not used because digital devices that are intended to extract data from the DSL signal will, themselves, filter out low frequencies. Voice telephone devices will pick up the entire spectrum so high frequencies, including the ADSL signal, will be "heard" as noise in telephone terminals, and will affect and often degrade

6175-536: The device in Jordan, it is free to call other Orange Livebox subscribers. It costs 10p per minute to call any other mobiles. UK Livebox phone numbers begin with 0845, but other UK standard area codes can be selected from the Orange Broadband members centre, which allows free calls between UK to UK Livebox numbers. Using the default 0845 number provided by Orange means Livebox to Livebox calls will be charged at

6270-450: The different IPTV services, such as the VOD catalogue. A delivery network is a packet-switched network that carries IP packets, including unicast and multicast streams. Endpoints refer to user equipment that can request, decode, and deliver IPTV streams for display to the user. This can include computers, mobile devices, and set-top boxes . At a residential IPTV user's home, the home TV gateway

6365-581: The firmware update of February 2008, IPTV support was added via the Yellow Ethernet port and would be for Orange customers who had been in the network area (LLU). This was in advance of a Digital Television service from Orange that was supposed to launch later in 2008. Orange did undertake trials of the service, but announced in November 2008 that they would not be rolling the service out. IPTV has been available to French Customers since 2006 through

6460-583: The first to commercially deploy Internet protocol television over DSL in Canada using the Alcatel 7350 DSLAM and middleware created by iMagic TV (owned by NBTel's parent company Bruncor ). The service was marketed under the brand VibeVision in New Brunswick , and later expanded into Nova Scotia in early 2000 after the formation of Aliant . iMagic TV was later sold to Alcatel . In 2002, Sasktel

6555-577: The home optical fibre network. In December 2010, Astro began trials with customers in high-rise condominium buildings around the Mont Kiara area. In April 2011, Astro commercially launched its IPTV services under the tag line "The One and Only Line You'll Ever Need", a triple play offering in conjunction with TIME dotCom Berhad that provides all the Astro programming via IPTV, together with voice telephone services and broadband Internet access all through

6650-635: The leading territories in terms of the overall number of subscribers. But in terms of service revenues, Europe and North America generate a larger share of global revenue, due to very low average revenue per user (ARPU) in China and India, the fastest growing (and ultimately, the biggest markets) is Asia. Services also launched in Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Pakistan , Canada , Croatia , Lithuania , Moldova , Montenegro , Morocco , North Macedonia , Poland , Mongolia , Romania , Serbia , Slovenia ,

6745-447: The line. Once a line has had DSL enabled, the DSL signal is present on all telephone wiring in the building, causing attenuation and echo. A way to circumvent this is to go back to the original model, and install one filter upstream from all telephone jacks in the building, except for the jack to which the DSL modem will be connected. Since this requires wiring changes by the customer, and may not work on some household telephone wiring, it

6840-563: The local loop, while the download signal is strongest at the noisiest part of the local loop. It therefore makes technical sense to have the DSLAM transmit at a higher bit rate than does the modem on the customer end. Since the typical home user in fact does prefer a higher download speed, the telephone companies chose to make a virtue out of necessity, hence ADSL. The marketing reasons for an asymmetric connection are that, firstly, most users of internet traffic will require less data to be uploaded than downloaded. For example, in normal web browsing,

6935-492: The national provider Kazakhtelecom JSC and content integrator Alacast under the "iD TV" brand in two major cities Astana and Almaty in 2009 and is about to go nationwide starting 2010. Australian ISP iiNet launched Australia's first IPTV with Fetch TV. In India , IPTV was launched by MTNL , BSNL and Jio in New Delhi, Mumbai and Punjab. APSFL is another IPTV provider in the state of Andhra Pradesh . In Nepal , IPTV

7030-402: The networks beyond the exchange, and traffic congestion on the Internet, heavy loading on servers and slowness or inefficiency in customers' computers may all contribute to reductions below the maximum attainable. When a wireless access point is used, low or unstable wireless signal quality can also cause reduction or fluctuation of actual speed. In fixed-rate mode, the sync rate is predefined by

7125-483: The operator and the DSL modem chooses a bits-per-bin allocation that yields an approximately equal error rate in each bin. In variable-rate mode, the bits-per-bin are chosen to maximize the sync rate, subject to a tolerable error risk. These choices can either be conservative, where the modem chooses to allocate fewer bits per bin than it possibly could, a choice that makes for a slower connection, or less conservative in which more bits per bin are chosen in which case there

7220-399: The originally laid wire gauge allows for further distribution. At the telephone exchange, the line generally terminates at a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) where another frequency splitter separates the voice band signal for the conventional phone network . Data carried by the ADSL are typically routed over the telephone company 's data network and eventually reach

7315-461: The prevalent transport protocol is ATM. On top of ATM, there are multiple possibilities of additional layers of protocols (two of them are abbreviated in a simplified manner as " PPPoA " or " PPPoE "), with TCP / IP providing the connection to the Internet . IPTV Internet Protocol television ( IPTV ), also called TV over broadband , is the service delivery of television over Internet Protocol (IP) networks. Usually sold and run by

7410-415: The provider provided equipment and instructions to the customer. Instead of separating the DSL signal at the demarcation point, the DSL signal is filtered at each telephone outlet by use of a low-pass filter for voice and a high-pass filter for data, usually enclosed in what is known as a microfilter . This microfilter can be plugged by an end user into any telephone jack: it does not require any rewiring at

7505-736: The public broadcasters was launched in 2024 named Freely . Claro has launched their own IPTV service called "Claro TV". This service is available in several countries in which they operate, such as Dominican Republic , El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , Nicaragua . IPTV is just beginning to grow in Central and Eastern Europe and Latin America, and now it is growing in South Asian countries such as Sri Lanka , Nepal Pakistan and India . but significant plans exist in countries such as Russia . Kazakhstan introduced its own IPTV services by

7600-412: The receiver might incorrectly decode which one was intended in the presence of noise. Noisy bins may only be required to carry as few as two bits, a choice from only one of four possible patterns, or only one bit per bin in the case of ADSL2+, and very noisy bins are not used at all. If the pattern of noise versus frequencies heard in the bins changes, the DSL modem can alter the bits-per-bin allocations, in

7695-414: The remote control. An IPTV head-end is a place where live TV channels and AV sources are encoded, encrypted, and delivered as IP multicast streams . Meanwhile, a video on demand (VOD) platform stores on-demand video assets and serves them as IP unicast streams when a user requests them. Sometimes, the VOD platform is located within the IPTV head-end. An interactive portal allows users to navigate within

7790-440: The rest of the packet. A "fastpath" connection will result in extremely high latency on a poor line, as each packet will take many retries. ADSL deployment on an existing plain old telephone service (POTS) telephone line presents some problems because the DSL is within a frequency band that might interact unfavorably with existing equipment connected to the line. It is therefore necessary to install appropriate frequency filters at

7885-403: The same fibre optic connection into the customer's home. In 2020, Astro launched "Plug-and-Play", which uses Unicast technology for streaming TV. In Turkey , TTNET launched IPTV services under the name IPtivibu in 2010. It was available in pilot areas in the cities of Istanbul, İzmir and Ankara. As of 2011, IPTV service is launched as a large-scale commercial service and widely available across

7980-491: The service failed to take off. HyppTV was supposed to use an IPTV-based system, but not true IPTV as it does not provide a set-top box and requires users to view channels using a computer. True IPTV providers available in the country at the moment are Fine TV and DETV . In Q2 2010, Telekom Malaysia launched IPTV services through their fibre to the home product Unifi in select areas. In April 2010, Astro began testing IPTV services on TIME dotCom Berhad's high-speed fibre to

8075-444: The service in fax, dataphones and modems. From the point of view of DSL devices, any acceptance of their signal by POTS devices mean that there is a degradation of the DSL signal to the devices, and this is the central reason why these filters are required. A side effect of the move to the self-install model is that the DSL signal can be degraded, especially if more than 5 voiceband (that is, POTS telephone-like) devices are connected to

8170-451: The telecommunications industry, is the one given by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) IPTV Exploratory Group in 2005: IPTV is defined as the secure and reliable delivery to subscribers of entertainment video and related services. These services may include, for example, Live TV, Video On Demand (VOD) and Interactive TV (iTV) . These services are delivered across an access agnostic, packet switched network that employs

8265-590: The telephone central office. The downstream band is used for communicating from the central office to the end user. With commonly deployed ADSL over POTS (Annex A), the band from 26.075  kHz to 137.825 kHz is used for upstream communication, while 138–1104 kHz is used for downstream communication. Under the usual discrete multitone modulation (DMT) scheme, each of these is further divided into smaller frequency channels of 4.3125 kHz. These frequency channels are sometimes termed bins . During initial training to optimize transmission quality and speed,

8360-609: The wired home networking market has limited somewhat the growth in this market. In December 2008, ITU-T adopted Recommendation G.hn (also known as G.9960 ), which is a next-generation home networking standard that specifies a common PHY/MAC that can operate over any home wiring (power lines, phone lines or coaxial cables). Groups such as the Multimedia over Coax Alliance , HomePlug Powerline Alliance , Home Phoneline Networking Alliance , and Quasar Alliance ( Plastic Optical Fibre ) each advocate their own technologies. There

8455-518: Was a VOIP service which included a separate telephone number, was withdrawn for new customers on 17 September 2010. In September 2011, Orange Shops in the UK began offering the Netgear DGN1000 router which has no facility to accommodate a Second Line making the service a legacy only facility. As of August 2012, existing customers are being notified that the Second Line service will be discontinued from 17 September 2012 and any calls made using

8550-733: Was after successful test marketing in Florida. Later in 2010, Bell Canada (a major division, if not the largest division of BCE ) announced it would begin offering residential and business/commercial customers in Montreal, Quebec and Toronto, Ontario IPTV over a number of different modalities, including fibre to the home , fibre to the node and DSL . This flavour of IPTV would be packaged with other services and branded as "Bell Fibe," providing Canadian customers with everything from local analogue trunk connectivity ( POTS ), to DSL and fibre Internet to TV service via IPTV. Bell further announced in

8645-456: Was chosen for the first ITU-T ADSL standards, G.992.1 and G.992.2 (also called G.dmt and G.lite respectively). Therefore, all modern installations of ADSL are based on the DMT modulation scheme. ISPs (but users rarely, apart from Australia where it's the default ) have the option to use interleaving of packets to counter the effects of burst noise on the telephone line. An interleaved line has

8740-418: Was first launched by NEW IT VENTURE CORPORATION called Net TV Nepal , the service can be accessed through its app, web app and Set-top boxes provided by local ISPs, another IPTV was started by Nepal Telecom called WOW Time in 2016 which can be accessed through its app. In Sri Lanka , IPTV was launched by Sri Lanka Telecom (operated by SLT VisionCom ) in 2008, under the brand name of PEO TV . This service

8835-567: Was shut down in 2008. Internet radio company AudioNet started the first continuous live webcasts with content from WFAA -TV in January 1998 and KCTU-LP on 10 January 1998. Kingston Communications , a regional telecommunications operator in the UK, launched Kingston Interactive Television (KIT), an IPTV over digital subscriber line (DSL) service in September 1999. The operator added additional VOD service in October 2001 with Yes TV,

8930-783: Was the second in Canada to commercially deploy IPTV over DSL, using the Lucent Stinger DSL platform. In 2005, SureWest Communications was the first North American company to offer high-definition television (HDTV) channels over an IPTV service. In 2005, Bredbandsbolaget launched its IPTV service as the first service provider in Sweden . As of January 2009, they are not the biggest provider any longer; TeliaSonera , who launched their service later, now has more customers. In 2007, TPG launched their IPTV service in Australia after

9025-593: Was written primarily by Steve Casner, Karl Auerbach , and Cha Chee Kuan. Precept was acquired by Cisco Systems in 1998. Cisco retains the IP/TV trademark. Telecommunications company US West (later Qwest ) launched an IPTV service called TeleChoice in Phoenix, Arizona in 1998 using VDSL technology, becoming the first company in the United States to provide digital television over telephone lines. The service

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