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57-709: In 1899, the São Paulo Tramway, Light and Power Company set up in rented rooms in a building on São Bento Street. Its constant growth required it to move to increasingly large areas, often in different parts of the city. There were a total of seven offices in São Paulo, which made central administration difficult. As a result, the company acquired the São José Theater , in Coronel Xavier de Toledo Street, to be used as its new headquarters. The work

114-602: A gigantic avenue full of trees, from Brás to Ipiranga, in the clean and drained floodplain of the Tamanduateí River, which, in turn, would connect to other avenues and even the Anhangabaú Stream — which was being rectified at the time. Even with so many suggestions for urban improvement, despite their proposals, the complexity of elaborating the works was greater than what monarchic governments could act at that moment, so they were not carried out. In 1910,

171-466: A gigantic avenue full of trees, from Brás to Ipiranga, in the clean and drained floodplain of the Tamanduateí River, which, in turn, would connect to other avenues and even the Anhangabaú Stream — which was being rectified at the time. Even with so many suggestions for urban improvement, despite their proposals, the complexity of elaborating the works was greater than what monarchic governments could act at that moment, so they were not carried out. In 1910,

228-623: A great afforestation of the Anhangabaú Valley was carried out, resulting in the formation of the Anhangabaú Park. This project took shape from a combination of three projects, including "Grandes Avenidas", by the architect Alexandre Albuquerque , which resulted in the urbanization of the valley with the insertion of buildings. Between 1920 and 1930, Vale do Anhangabaú served as an important center for socialization and encounters between homosexuals . The Anhangabaú Park served as

285-490: A great afforestation of the Anhangabaú Valley was carried out, resulting in the formation of the Anhangabaú Park. This project took shape from a combination of three projects, including "Grandes Avenidas", by the architect Alexandre Albuquerque , which resulted in the urbanization of the valley with the insertion of buildings. Between 1920 and 1930, Vale do Anhangabaú served as an important center for socialization and encounters between homosexuals . The Anhangabaú Park served as

342-514: A large terrace overlooking the historic center. [REDACTED] Media related to Edifício Alexandre Mackenzie at Wikimedia Commons Vale do Anhangaba%C3%BA Vale do Anhangabaú ( Anhangabaú Valley ) is a region in the city center of São Paulo , located between the viaducts do Chá and Santa Ifigênia . It is a public space commonly characterized as park , where events have traditionally been organized, such as public demonstrations, political rallies, presentations and popular shows. It

399-528: A meeting point for men and women who wanted to find partners and manifest themselves sexually. It was a place that had many spots that were already characterized by prostitutes and homosexuals in search of sexual partners. In the late 1930s, the park was disbanded and gave way to an expressway. In the following decade, an underground connection was created between the Ramos de Azevedo and the Patriarca squares:

456-420: A meeting point for men and women who wanted to find partners and manifest themselves sexually. It was a place that had many spots that were already characterized by prostitutes and homosexuals in search of sexual partners. In the late 1930s, the park was disbanded and gave way to an expressway. In the following decade, an underground connection was created between the Ramos de Azevedo and the Patriarca squares:

513-702: A region that houses all the places mentioned above, the Vale do Anhangabaú is also located near the Dramatic and Musical Conservatory of São Paulo, which is called the School of Dance of São Paulo, also known as the School of Dance of the Municipal Theater of São Paulo (EDTMSP). Basically, it is a university campus that concentrates classes on public dance in the city. The Anhangabaú River , which gave origin to

570-422: A region that houses all the places mentioned above, the Vale do Anhangabaú is also located near the Dramatic and Musical Conservatory of São Paulo, which is called the School of Dance of São Paulo, also known as the School of Dance of the Municipal Theater of São Paulo (EDTMSP). Basically, it is a university campus that concentrates classes on public dance in the city. The Anhangabaú River , which gave origin to

627-441: A remarkable expression, described as "the most remarkable in the city center" by engineer Raphael Gendler. Its construction was commissioned by the director of the São Paulo Tramway, Light and Power, a company that had a monopoly on electrical services and was ironically called "Light and Too Much Power". In 1910, 30% of the total energy consumed by São Paulo was supplied by the firm, while in the 1950s, this share jumped to 52%. During

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684-534: A stage for Virada Cultural , a traditional event in São Paulo that promotes shows and cultural activities throughout the city. Due to its wide dimension, the Valley is considered an adequate space for large public meetings and was even the stage for the largest Brazilian public rally, in the Diretas Já demonstrations, organized on April 16, 1984, when it was received about 1.5 million people. In addition to being in

741-425: A stage for Virada Cultural , a traditional event in São Paulo that promotes shows and cultural activities throughout the city. Due to its wide dimension, the Valley is considered an adequate space for large public meetings and was even the stage for the largest Brazilian public rally, in the Diretas Já demonstrations, organized on April 16, 1984, when it was received about 1.5 million people. In addition to being in

798-579: Is considered the point that separates the Old City Center from the New City Center. Currently, the 43 thousand square meters of the Anhangabaú Valley are used as a crossing point for people wishing to transit between the east and west regions of the center, and can be defined as an extensive boardwalk under a road junction. The space also interconnects with other squares in the central area, such as Ramos de Azevedo Square , juxtaposed with

855-449: Is considered the point that separates the Old City Center from the New City Center. Currently, the 43 thousand square meters of the Anhangabaú Valley are used as a crossing point for people wishing to transit between the east and west regions of the center, and can be defined as an extensive boardwalk under a road junction. The space also interconnects with other squares in the central area, such as Ramos de Azevedo Square , juxtaposed with

912-621: Is extremely important for the city as it preserves historical and social elements, such as the Municipal Theater of São Paulo , the former Esplanada Hotel (Ermírio de Moraes Building), the Matarazzo Building and the Alexandre Mackenzie Building, where the São José Theater used to be. The building's architectural features and historical presence give the Anhangabaú Valley environmental ensemble

969-484: Is the B and C classes, due to the huge circulation of people through the Anhangabaú Valley during business hours and lunchtime. It is estimated that around one million people pass through the Viaduto do Chá every day. The current mall has more than 130 stores in operation and receives around 35,000 people a day. The inauguration of the development included a fireworks show, a photographic exhibition and film projections of

1026-709: Is the view of the Anhangabaú Valley, the City Hall and the Municipal Theater, landmarks of the city of São Paulo. In 2021, Air Rootop left the space and the Bem São Paulo agency took over the administration. With the sponsorship of Mastercard Brasil and in partnership with Chef Onildo Rocha, the company launched the Priceless space with two restaurants, Notiê and Abaru, and the Aroo Acontecimentos space for corporate and social events. In addition to

1083-505: Is worth mentioning, as more than a million people gathered in Vale do Anhangabaú to continue the "Diretas Já!" demonstrations. Vale do Anhangaba%C3%BA Vale do Anhangabaú ( Anhangabaú Valley ) is a region in the city center of São Paulo , located between the viaducts do Chá and Santa Ifigênia . It is a public space commonly characterized as park , where events have traditionally been organized, such as public demonstrations, political rallies, presentations and popular shows. It

1140-457: The Anhangabaú region as the "center of the city in its most original and characteristic form". The Viaduto do Chá was the first viaduct in the city of São Paulo that connected the banks of the old Anhangabaú River and brought great improvements to the region, both economically and socially. Over the years, for sanitary reasons, the river was channeled and gave rise to the current valley, which

1197-474: The Prestes Maia Gallery , where the city's first escalators were installed. The intersection between Anhangabaú Avenue and Avenida São João gained a different height in 1951, with the construction of Buraco do Ademar , which remained there for 37 years, being subsequently replaced by two homonymous tunnels (Papa João Paulo II). The east side of the valley was gradually remodeled in the middle of

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1254-403: The Prestes Maia Gallery , where the city's first escalators were installed. The intersection between Anhangabaú Avenue and Avenida São João gained a different height in 1951, with the construction of Buraco do Ademar , which remained there for 37 years, being subsequently replaced by two homonymous tunnels (Papa João Paulo II). The east side of the valley was gradually remodeled in the middle of

1311-424: The military dictatorship , private companies in the electricity sector went through a process of nationalization. Throughout the country, the government took control of Light. In São Paulo, it became the state-owned Eletropaulo. In 1997, the company was split up and went through a new privatization process, which led to Eletropaulo leaving the building. The high level of pollution in the central area of São Paulo and

1368-513: The 1920s, marble staircases and replicas of benches and garbage cans similar to those in the Luz Station . Shopping Light was the first mall in Brazil to use architectural recycling techniques in its structure and facade. In the 1990s, the restoration work was carried out by architect Carlos Faggin, a professor of architectural history at USP . The facades had to be washed due to graffiti and

1425-486: The 20th century, with the demolition of the three Palacetes Prates , between 1935 and 1970, giving way to taller buildings. In the early 1980s, the Municipality held a public tender for the remodeling of the region. The urban planners Jorge Wilheim and Rosa Grena Kliass were the winners, proposing a revitalization project that created a slab over the existing avenues on the site, at a height sufficient to connect

1482-425: The 20th century, with the demolition of the three Palacetes Prates , between 1935 and 1970, giving way to taller buildings. In the early 1980s, the Municipality held a public tender for the remodeling of the region. The urban planners Jorge Wilheim and Rosa Grena Kliass were the winners, proposing a revitalization project that created a slab over the existing avenues on the site, at a height sufficient to connect

1539-482: The 430th anniversary of São Paulo, on January 25, 1984. People organized themselves in a demonstration that had more than two hundred thousand people and occupied the region of Praça da Sé. Thus, in a matter of days, rallies began to be formed by large crowds and began to take place in squares and public places in cities such as Brasília, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte, expressing the desire to conquer their own citizenship. The demonstration of April 16, 1984, however,

1596-482: The 430th anniversary of São Paulo, on January 25, 1984. People organized themselves in a demonstration that had more than two hundred thousand people and occupied the region of Praça da Sé. Thus, in a matter of days, rallies began to be formed by large crowds and began to take place in squares and public places in cities such as Brasília, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte, expressing the desire to conquer their own citizenship. The demonstration of April 16, 1984, however,

1653-606: The Anhangabaú Valley. Together with the former Banespa headquarters ( Altino Arantes Building ), the São Paulo City Hall headquarters ( Matarazzo Building ) and the Viaduto do Chá , it forms the characteristic ensemble of the city's central area. The gardens of the Municipal Theater , with its staircase and imposing structure, and the Ramos de Azevedo Square , named after the famous engineer and architect, are located in

1710-472: The Entourage and Fun2U agencies founded a nightclub on the roof of Shopping Light. Focused on electronic music, the parties take place frequently and bring together national and international artists from the music scene. The venue covers 1500m² with an outdoor dance floor and an indoor area with toilets and a bar area. The establishment has a capacity for 1,000 people during the night. One of its main features

1767-679: The Valley, Largo São Bento , through the steps of the Metro and Praça da Bandeira , which currently houses a bus station . With gardens, works of art and three fountains, Vale do Anhangabaú is today a postcard of the City Center of São Paulo, from where it is possible to glimpse buildings such as the Martinelli , Altino Arantes , Teatro Municipal , and the Matarazzo Building , headquarters of city hall. The space also acts as

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1824-442: The Valley, Largo São Bento , through the steps of the Metro and Praça da Bandeira , which currently houses a bus station . With gardens, works of art and three fountains, Vale do Anhangabaú is today a postcard of the City Center of São Paulo, from where it is possible to glimpse buildings such as the Martinelli , Altino Arantes , Teatro Municipal , and the Matarazzo Building , headquarters of city hall. The space also acts as

1881-565: The Valley, is born as Saracura Stream, which runs through Avenida 9 de Julho and goes through the Anhangabaú Valley, reaching its mouth at Tamanduateí River , at the47 edge of Municipal Market . Thus, the Tamanduateí constitutes a kind of delta with its main tributary, Anhangabaú. The name Anhangabaú possibly derives from the fact that its waters are very ferreous and acidic - in Tupi, it means "poisonous water". The indigenous people considered

1938-455: The Valley, is born as Saracura Stream, which runs through Avenida 9 de Julho and goes through the Anhangabaú Valley, reaching its mouth at Tamanduateí River , at the47 edge of Municipal Market . Thus, the Tamanduateí constitutes a kind of delta with its main tributary, Anhangabaú. The name Anhangabaú possibly derives from the fact that its waters are very ferreous and acidic - in Tupi, it means "poisonous water". The indigenous people considered

1995-516: The architectural changes of the city. In 1877, the urbanization of the area began, through the idealization of the Viaduto do Chá — which would only be inaugurated in 1892. For the construction of the viaduct, only the lane used for the work was expropriated. In 1884, Decree 233 (the first sanitary code in the State of São Paulo) was made to contribute to the newly created Sanitary Service body. The code contained some rules that provided improvements to

2052-464: The architectural changes of the city. In 1877, the urbanization of the area began, through the idealization of the Viaduto do Chá — which would only be inaugurated in 1892. For the construction of the viaduct, only the lane used for the work was expropriated. In 1884, Decree 233 (the first sanitary code in the State of São Paulo) was made to contribute to the newly created Sanitary Service body. The code contained some rules that provided improvements to

2109-512: The building was officially listed as a monument of architectural interest by Jorge da Cunha Lima, Secretary of Culture at the time, and inscribed in the Livro do Tombo in January 1987. The interest in protecting the building arose because of possible negotiations on the real estate market. The structure is one of São Paulo's most outstanding urban environmental heritage sites, given its position in

2166-489: The center of São Paulo. The Alexandre Mackenzie Building is one of São Paulo's great architectural landmarks and one of the icons of the eclectic style in the city center. All of the original metalwork and mercenaries in the structure were designed by the São Paulo School of Arts and Crafts during its construction. Today, the building blends modern elements with older ones, such as modern escalators, elevators from

2223-401: The city's architectural history, the Anhangabaú Valley played a very influential role in the social history of São Paulo residents. A milestone in the history of the Valley was the event that became known as " Diretas Já ". The movement happened spontaneously and had repercussions at the national level, as the people exercised their political power through the desire for direct elections to choose

2280-401: The city's architectural history, the Anhangabaú Valley played a very influential role in the social history of São Paulo residents. A milestone in the history of the Valley was the event that became known as " Diretas Já ". The movement happened spontaneously and had repercussions at the national level, as the people exercised their political power through the desire for direct elections to choose

2337-477: The effects of time. Technology was key to the process, with laboratory analysis making it possible to identify the original features of the building, which were remolded. Frames, ceramics, stained glass and wooden masonry were all restored and adapted to the 1920s. The 50-meter-high edifice now has nine floors, with the last one being a cultural center, and two underground floors. In the book História e Tradições da Cidade de São Paulo , Ernani da Silva Bruno describes

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2394-430: The huge circulation of pedestrians demand special attention in terms of preserving the building. As an administrative establishment, with intense use and a large circulation of people, the building ended up undergoing successive adaptations, including irreversible ones. However, the structure was well maintained by its owners, especially its characteristic vintage elevators and its architectural features. Currently, due to

2451-624: The menus at the venue's restaurants, the complex also includes mixologist Alê D'Agostino, craft beer specialist Junior Bottura and award-winning barista and coffee specialist Boram Um. Located on the same floor as the Mastercard Priceless space and with the same partners and creatives, the Aroo Acontecimentos venue is a unique alternative for social and corporate events in the Historic Center of São Paulo. The complex has around 1,000m², 3 multipurpose rooms, an entrance hall and

2508-595: The presence of Shopping Light, the building offers a range of cultural activities, promoting the historical part of the structure and its socio-cultural importance. Among them is the Free Walking Tour, which offers free visits to the Historic Center of São Paulo . The Alexandre Mackenzie Building is also part of the thematic tour Architecture in the Historic Center and the Heritage Day. In 2016,

2565-467: The president of Brazil. Several rallies were held, the first being in the city of Abreu e Lima, Pernambuco, on March 31, 1983. In November of the same year, ten thousand people from São Paulo gathered for the first rally held in the Capital. After these first two rallies, the movement took on major proportions across the country. After the two rallies, another one that gained repercussion took place on

2622-412: The president of Brazil. Several rallies were held, the first being in the city of Abreu e Lima, Pernambuco, on March 31, 1983. In November of the same year, ten thousand people from São Paulo gathered for the first rally held in the Capital. After these first two rallies, the movement took on major proportions across the country. After the two rallies, another one that gained repercussion took place on

2679-518: The project and the building was executed by Severo, Villares & Cia. Ltda., the firm of engineer and architect Ramos de Azevedo , between 1926 and 1929. In September 1983, Luiz Antonio de Assis Carvalho, Eletropaulo's communications superintendent, submitted a landmark request to the Council for the Defense of Historical, Archaeological, Artistic and Tourist Heritage (Condephaat). In October 1984,

2736-447: The restaurants, the venue offers a space for multimedia exhibitions (Atevi), an environment for events and activations (Abaru Annex) and a large terrace overlooking the Historic Center of São Paulo (Botâma). The Priceless space is open every day of the week with lunch, coffee, happy hour and dinner options, as well as an agenda of events and experiences for Mastercard holders and the general public. In addition to Chef Onildo Rocha heading up

2793-423: The river cursed and, currently, it is channeled and hidden, except for its springs, which are outdoors, between the regions of Vila Mariana and Paraíso. Because of its size, the Valley was the scene of historical facts of great national importance, such as the inauguration of the Viaduto do Chá in 1892, the channeling of Anhangabaú River in 1906, and the replacement of the park's gardens by avenues, in 1940, following

2850-423: The river cursed and, currently, it is channeled and hidden, except for its springs, which are outdoors, between the regions of Vila Mariana and Paraíso. Because of its size, the Valley was the scene of historical facts of great national importance, such as the inauguration of the Viaduto do Chá in 1892, the channeling of Anhangabaú River in 1906, and the replacement of the park's gardens by avenues, in 1940, following

2907-420: The soil issue in the cities, such as more trees, paving the streets and draining wet land, which indicated that the drainage of the floodplains of São Paulo became a norm. During the administration of João Alfredo Correia, from Pernambuco who presided over São Paulo between 1885 and 1886, several works were also started. He proposed to create a circular boulevard around the central area, so that it would comprise

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2964-420: The soil issue in the cities, such as more trees, paving the streets and draining wet land, which indicated that the drainage of the floodplains of São Paulo became a norm. During the administration of João Alfredo Correia, from Pernambuco who presided over São Paulo between 1885 and 1886, several works were also started. He proposed to create a circular boulevard around the central area, so that it would comprise

3021-478: The surrounding region. Since 1999, the building houses Shopping Light, the result of a consortium with the Birmann Fund, which won a 50-year concession for the property. In 1997, Eletropaulo still occupied part of the premises when the renovations were carried out. One of the contractors for the shopping center project was CEI Empreendimentos, which invested an estimated R$ 50 million. The mall's target audience

3078-473: The transfer of its administrative areas in the 1980s, the facility became a commercial and cultural center. The Alexandre Mackenzie Building was originally built to house the headquarters of the Canadian company São Paulo Tramway, Light and Power. It was named after the company's director at the time, who requested the design of the building. The North American architects Preston and Curtis were responsible for

3135-433: The two sides of the Valley, with the car traffic falling below and recreating the green area between Viaduto do Chá and Viaduto Santa Ifigênia . The main focus was to transform the Valley into a large boulevard, to resume the original function of its construction at the beginning of the 20th century. Since 2019, Vale do Anhangabaú has undergone a renovation, which was completed in 2022. In addition to its importance for

3192-433: The two sides of the Valley, with the car traffic falling below and recreating the green area between Viaduto do Chá and Viaduto Santa Ifigênia . The main focus was to transform the Valley into a large boulevard, to resume the original function of its construction at the beginning of the 20th century. Since 2019, Vale do Anhangabaú has undergone a renovation, which was completed in 2022. In addition to its importance for

3249-552: Was completed in April 1929. In 1941, the building was extended to cover an area of 29,720 m². Since its construction, it has acquired great prominence, both for its privileged position next to the Anhangabaú Valley and for the history of the company that created it. Today, the building is state property, as it was the headquarters of the former state company Eletropaulo. In 1999, after the company's privatization process and

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