Lindsay Margaret Laird (2 September 1949 – 2 August 2001) was a British biologist who was influential in the development of the aquaculture of salmon and other fishes through her research, teaching and the books that she produced. She defined the standards for Organic Farmed Salmon, and introduced quality assurance labelling for farmed salmon.
19-408: Lindsay Laird was educated at Worcester Grammar School for girls and at Newnham College , Cambridge where she not only read Natural Science ( Zoology ) but also played squash for Cambridge, gaining a half-blue. During her time at Cambridge a brown hairy moth from Borneo ( Dasychira lairdi ) was named after her. After graduation in 1971, an Atlantic Salmon Trust scholarship took her to Sutherland in
38-1056: A means for differentiating eggs and offspring of anadromous and non-anadromous trout. Physiology of Migratory Fish. Symposium proceedings. International Congress on the biology of fishes. Eds McCormick, S., Sheridan M., Patino R and MacKinlay, D. pp 91–99. Laird L.M. (1996). History and Applications of salmonid culture. In Principles of salmonid culture. Pennell W and Barton BA (Eds). pp 1 – 28 Elsevier. Laird L.M. (1997). Salmon and Trout Farming. Nutrition and Food Science 3, 101-104. Youngson AF, Mitchell AI, Noack, PT and Laird L.M. (1997). Carotenoid pigment profiles distinguish anadromous and nonanadromous brown trout ( Salmo trutta ). Can.J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54: 1064-1066. Noack PT, Laird L.M. , Priede IG (1997). Carotenoids of sea lice ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) as potential indicators of host Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.). ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54: 1140-1143. Martin-Smith KM, Laird L.M. , (1998). Depauperate freshwater fish communities in Sabah:
57-605: A system of Electronic Auctions in the Fish Industry. In Quality in Aquaculture, European Aquaculture Society Special Publication No 23. Laird L.M. (1998). Development and Operation of Quality Standards for Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L: A Case Study. In Book of Abstracts, World Aquaculture 1998, World Aquaculture Society. Laird L.M. (1999). Impact of the quality movement on salmon farming in Scotland and
76-873: The Scottish Agricultural College . She joined the Scottish Fisheries Committee the next year, monitoring effects of the electricity industry on salmon and other fisheries, and was also invited by Shetland Salmon Farming Association to advise on the Braer oil pollution spill. She was invited to join the Scottish Salmon Strategy Task Force in 1995, and in 1998 became Vice-President of the Scottish Executive Fisheries Committee. Beyond Scotland, from 1992 she
95-514: The University of Stirling Aquatic Pathobiology Unit, on a Shell Fellowship. She also published key papers on basic techniques now considered routine: freeze branding of juvenile salmon, and benzocaine as a fish anaesthetic. The following year she obtained Nuffield Foundation funding for a project at Aberdeen University on methods of inducing auto-immune rejection of fish gonads. She applied her fundamental knowledge of life cycles of salmon to
114-772: The autoimmune approach. In: Reproductive Physiology of Fish. (ed. by C.J.J. Richter and H.J.Th. Goos). Pudoc, Wageningen, p. 81. Secombes, C.J., Lewis, A.E., Laird, L.M. , Needham, E.A. and Priede, I.G. (1984). Agglutination of spermatozoa by autoantibodies in the rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ). J. Fish Biology 25: 691-696. Secombes, C.J., Lewis, A.E., Laird, L.M., Needham, E.A. and Priede, I.G. (1985). Experimentally induced immune reactions to gonad in rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ). In: The FSBI Symposium on Fish Immunology. (ed. by M.J. Manning and M.F. Tatner). Academic Press, London, pp. 343–355. Secombes, C.J., Lewis, A.E., Needham, E.A., Laird, L.M. and Priede, I.G. (1985). Appearance of autoantigens during gonad maturation in
133-602: The autoimmune response to testis in rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ). Immunology 56: 409-415. Secombes, C.J., Laird, L.M. and Priede, I.G. (1987). Immunological approaches to control maturation in fish. II. A review of the autoimmune approach. Aquaculture 60: 287-302. Laird L.M. & Needham, EA, (1988) Salmon farming and the future of the Atlantic salmon. In The status of the Atlantic salmon in Scotland. ITE/NERC publication, Ed Jenkins D., 66-72 Noack P, McLay, HA, Noble LR & Laird L.M. (1996). Carotenoid pigments as
152-468: The developing aquaculture industry in Scotland and Norway which at that time was struggling with problems of control of sexual maturation in salmon. She conducted in Norway the first experiments on autoimmune sterilization of salmon by injection. She foresaw the need to control of the life cycle of salmon in captivity in order to make production more predictable and also more profitable. After she defined
171-418: The development of standards for Organic Aquaculture. In Towards Predictable Quality. European Aquaculture Society Special Publication No 27. Salmon Advisory Committee technical reports: Factors affecting emigrating smolts and returning adults (1993). Run timing of salmon (1994). The effects of predation on salmon fisheries (1996). Newnham College Too Many Requests If you report this error to
190-612: The far north of Scotland to study the wild salmon of the River Brora , which was followed by Ph.D. studies on salmon and trout in North Wales under the supervision of Dr Jack Jones of Liverpool University . Her work on salmon continued at Liverpool University where she obtained her Ph.D.in 1974 with her thesis Growth and Movements of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon & Brown Trout in AfonMynach . Laird began her career in 1975 at
209-639: The original French. 1992: Fellowship, Institute of Fisheries Management , (Training Committee) 1992: Director of AquaTT, Irish Aquaculture Training Partnership 1993: Board of Directors, Lakeland Marine Farm Ltd 1994-2000: Board member of European Aquaculture Society (EAS) 1997-2001: Board member, AMC Ltd. Ireland 1998: first Chairman, Organic Fish Producers Association Laird L.M. (1972). The River Brora. Salmon and Trout Magazine 143-148. Laird L.M. , Roberts, RJ, Shearer WM & McArdle, JF (1975). Freeze branding of juvenile salmon. J. Fish Biol. 7, 167-171. Laird L.M. & Oswald, RL (1975). A note on
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#1732780994087228-416: The possibility of inducing autoimmune destruction of the testis. Ann. Biol. Anim. Bioch. Biophys., 18, 1101-1106. Laird L.M. (1978) Marking Fish. In, Animal Marking and Tagging. Macmillan, London. Laird L.M. & Wilson, AR (1979). A method for improving the survival of fish eggs during transportation. Fish. Mgmt 110, 129-131. Laird L.M. , Wilson, AR & Holliday, FGT (1980). Lesions observed in
247-424: The rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ). J. Exp. Zoology 233: 425-431. Secombes, C.J., Needham, E.A., Laird, L.M. , Lewis, A.E. and Priede, I.G. (1985). The long-term effects of auto-immunologically induced granulomas on the testes of rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri , Richardson). J. Fish Biol. 26: 483-489. Secombes, C.J., Lewis, A.E., Laird, L.M. , Needham, E.A. and Priede, I.G. (1985). The role of autoantibodies in
266-866: The role of barriers to movement and habitat quality. J. Fish Biol. 53 (Supplement A) 331 – 344. Martin-Smith KM, Laird L.M. , Bullough L & Lewis MG (1999). Mechanisms of maintenance of tropical freshwater fish communities in the face of disturbance. Phil Trans R.Soc.Lond.B 18-3-1810. Martin-Smith, K. M. & Laird, L.M. (1999). Reproductive patterns in some Cypriniformes from Borneo. Proc. 5th Indo-Pac. Fish Conf., Nouméa 1997 (eds. B. Seret & J.-Y. Sire): 493-504. Paris: Soc. Fr. Ichtyol. Martin-Smith, K. M., Bullough, L. & Laird, L.M. (1999). Short-term movements of freshwater fishes in Sabah, Borneo. Proc. 5th Indo-Pac. Fish Conf., Nouméa 1997 (eds. B. Seret & J.-Y. Sire): 45-56. Paris: Soc. Fr. Ichtyol. Revell B, Laird L.M. , and Clay P (1995). Benefits of introducing
285-540: The standards for Organic Farmed Salmon (together with K. McCallum of Orkney Salmon), her concept of a green label for farmed salmon to provide quality assurance for customers was taken up by firms such as Marks & Spencer . In 1988 she became a Teaching fellow and Aquaculture Development Officer at the University of Aberdeen, where she developed the Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.) in Aquaculture, jointly run with
304-527: The testis of precociously maturing male Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. J.Fish Biol. 17, 343-348. Laird L.M. , Wilson, AR & Holliday, FGT (1980). Field trials of a method of induction of autoimmune gonad rejection in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) Reprod. Nutr. Develop., 20, 1761-1788. Laird L.M. , (1980). Control of reproduction in farmed salmonids. Proceedings of the 12th Annual Study Course, Institute of Fisheries Management. Secombes, C.J., Laird, L.M. and Priede, I.G. (1982). Fish sterilisation:
323-904: The tundra near Murmansk in Russian ex-military helicopters to report on salmon fishing for the British Council . In 1997 she was UK delegate on the EU ALFA project, visiting fish farms in Chile. Lindsay Laird died from cancer in 2001. Her name was given to the Lindsay Laird Innovation in Aquaculture Award, inaugurated in 2008. Laird co-edited Salmon and Trout Farming (1988) and co-wrote Handbook of Salmon Farming (2002). She also translated Aquaculture Volumes 1 & 2 (1990) and Carp Biology and Farming from
342-475: The use of benzocaine (Ethyl-P-aminobenzoate) as a fish anaesthetic. Fish Mgmt 6, 92-94. Laird L.M. and Stott B, (1978). Marking and tagging. In Methods for the Assessment of Fish Production in freshwaters. Ed Bagenal, T. 84-100. Laird L.M. , Ellis, AE, Wilson, AR & Holliday, FGT (1978). The development of the gonadal and immune systems of the Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) and a consideration of
361-839: Was involved in EU education and training programmes FORCE, COMETT, ERASMUS and LEONARDO. Between 1992 and 1997 she spent periods of time at the Danum Valley Research Centre, Sabah , funded by the Royal Society and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), and on aquaculture and fisheries projects in Sarawak , Philippines , Taiwan and Singapore . In 1994 she worked in the Kola Peninsula , Russia, journeying across
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