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19-779: Most of the Portuguese Naval fleet ships are based at Alfeite, as well as many of its administrative, training and support services. Within its perimeter are also located the Naval School , the Naval Technologies School, the Alfeite Arsenal, the Marine corps Base and other Portuguese Navy units. The Lisbon Naval Base is an administrative entity that – besides the main naval station at Alfeite – manages several other smaller naval facilities in

38-524: A force of 200 galleys , 100 other ships, 50,000 infantry, 4,500 cavalry and adequate artillery ready by 1 April each year. John of Austria , illegitimate half-brother of King Philip II of Spain , was designated supreme commander. The League kept membership open for the Holy Roman Empire , France and Portugal , but none of them joined. The Empire preferred to maintain its truce with Istanbul, while France had an active anti-Spanish alliance with

57-474: Is a large formation of warships – the largest formation in any navy – controlled by one leader. A fleet at sea is the direct equivalent of an army on land. In the modern sense, fleets are usually, but not necessarily, permanent formations and are generally assigned to a particular ocean or sea . Most fleets are named after that ocean or sea, but the convention in the United States Navy

76-504: Is to use numbers. A fleet is typically commanded by an admiral , who is often also a commander in chief . Still, many fleets have been or are commanded by vice admirals or rear admirals . Most fleets are divided into several squadrons , each under a subordinate admiral. Those squadrons, in turn, are often divided into divisions. In the Age of Sail , fleets were divided into van, center, and rear squadrons, named after each squadron's place in

95-551: The Battle of Lepanto in 1571, and a Franco-Spanish fleet faced the British Royal Navy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. In modern times, NATO has formed standing combined fleets and operations from several national navies such as Operation Active Endeavour . Modern fleets combine surface warships , submarines , support ships, and ship-based aircraft to conduct naval operations at sea. Generally understood to be

114-465: The blue water , or oceanic, green water or littoral versus the brown water or coastal/riverine forces. The fleets of larger navies are usually divided into smaller numbered or named fleets based on geographic operating areas or administrative groupings of the same type of ships. Modern fleets are usually administrative units. Individual task forces are formed to conduct specific operations. In fictional literary works and/or media, most notably in

133-579: The de facto division of the Mediterranean, with the eastern half under firm Ottoman control and the western half under the Habsburgs and their Italian allies. The following year, as the allied Christian fleet resumed operations, it faced a renewed Ottoman navy of 200 vessels under Kılıç Ali Pasha , but the Ottoman commander actively avoided engaging the allied fleet and headed for the safety of

152-466: The line of battle . In more modern times, the squadrons are typically composed of homogeneous groups of the same class of warship , such as battleships or cruisers . Since many smaller navies contain a single fleet, the term the fleet is often synonymous with the navy . Multinational fleets are not uncommon in naval history. For example, several nations made up the Holy League fleet at

171-809: The Alfeite Arsenal started full operation in 1938. A large naval complex – known as "the city of the Navy" – was built concurrently, to accommodate most of the ships, personnel and services of the Portuguese Navy. These were successively transferred to Alfeite up until the 1950s. Since, 3 December 1958, the Intendência de Marinha do Alfeite (Naval Intendency of Alfeite) has been the Lisbon Naval Base. 38°40′09″N 9°09′01″W  /  38.6692°N 9.1503°W  / 38.6692; -9.1503 Naval fleet A fleet or naval fleet

190-778: The Ottomans. Portugal had no forces to spare, owing to its heavy engagement in its own Moroccan campaign, its ongoing maritime confrontations with the Ottomans in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean , and colonial conflicts with the Malaccan and Johorean Sultanates . The League initially assembled a fleet to aid the Venetian defenders of Cyprus which was invaded by Ottoman forces under the command of Lala Mustafa in July 1570, but

209-595: The alliance began to unravel. In 1573, the Holy League fleet failed to sail altogether; instead, Don John attacked and took Tunis , only for it to be retaken by the Ottomans in 1574. Venice, fearing the loss of her Dalmatian possessions and a possible invasion of Friuli , and eager to cut her losses and resume the trade with the Ottoman Empire, initiated unilateral negotiations with the Porte . The Holy League

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228-573: The fortress of Modon . The arrival of the Spanish squadron of 55 ships evened the numbers on both sides and opened the opportunity for a decisive blow, but friction among the Christian leaders and the reluctance of Don John squandered the opportunity. the holy league attempted to capture Navarino but failed. Pius V died on 1 May 1572. The diverging interests of the League members began to show, and

247-615: The late 19th century, the idea of building a new naval arsenal at the site of the Royal Estate of Alfeite arose. Several senior naval officers also began to advocate the idea of concentrating the several Navy facilities in Lisbon and the Tagus, at a single site near the future new arsenal. Construction of the new naval arsenal began in 1928 and was completed in 1937. Considered one of the largest and best equipped installations of its kind,

266-727: The next largest contingent were Spanish (49 galleys, including 26 galleys from Naples, Sicily and other Italian territories), and Genoese (27 galleys), with additional warships from the Papal States (seven galleys), the Order of Saint Stephen from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (five galleys), the Duchy of Savoy and the Knights of Malta (three galleys each), and some privately owned galleys in Spanish service. The victory at Lepanto confirmed

285-522: The realm of science fiction , the term 'fleet' has also been used for a group of space-faring vessels used for interstellar travel. Holy League (Mediterranean) In the Holy Land (1095–1291) Later Crusades (1291–1717) Northern (1147–1410) Against Christians (1209–1588) Popular (1096–1320) The Holy League ( Latin : Liga Sancta , Spanish : Liga Santa , Italian : Lega Santa ) of 1571

304-466: The region. Lisbon and the neighbor Tagus estuary has always been the largest and most important naval base of Portugal , since the 12th century. During the Age of Discovery , in the 15th and 16th centuries, Lisbon and the Tagus became the major naval base in the World. It was from this base, that Vasco da Gama set out to discover the sea route to India . Until after World War I , in reality there

323-595: Was arranged by Pope Pius V and included the major Catholic powers of southern Europe ( Iberian Peninsula and Italian Peninsula ), specifically the Spanish Empire as well as the Italian maritime powers . It was intended to break the Ottoman Empire ’s control of the eastern Mediterranean Sea and was formally concluded on 25 May 1571. The League's members were: These Christian states were to have

342-835: Was not a single naval base, but a series of smaller bases located at various points of both banks of the Tagus. Among others, in the early 20th century, there was the Lisbon Navy Arsenal, the Doca de Belém submarine base, the Bom Sucesso seaplane base, the Vila Franca de Xira destroyer base, the Vale do Zebro torpedo boat base, the Alcântara Naval Barracks and the Doca da Marinha naval quay . In

361-518: Was too late to prevent the island's capture by the Ottomans. On 7 October 1571, the League won a decisive victory over the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto in the Gulf of Patras . The fleet of the Holy League in this engagement consisted of 212 warships (206 galleys and 6 galleasses , the modern large galleys developed by Venice) with 1,815 guns and carrying 28,500 infantry soldiers. The majority of warships were Venetian (6 galleasses, 109 galleys),

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