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60-418: Their releases are currently distributed by Studio Distribution Services , a joint venture between Universal Pictures Home Entertainment and Warner Bros. Home Entertainment , via a distribution deal formed by the two companies. In 1978, the company was established as MGM Home Video , releasing MGM films and television series. In 1980, MGM joined forces with CBS Video Enterprises , the home video division of

120-750: A broad array of special interest programming from GRB Entertainment , 20th Television / Foxstar Productions , Orion Pictures , Playboy Home Entertainment and Universal Pictures , all of which were being ignored by the major studios and music labels. In 2005, Image signed a distribution deal with Bandai Visual to distribute select anime titles under the Honneamise label. The deal ended in March 2007, when Bandai Visual switched over to Geneon USA . Image continued to work with its long-term partner, Criterion Collection , as well as hundreds of independent content producers and rights holders to bring products to

180-823: A carryover from the PolyGram Video days, but UPHE operates a joint venture in Australia , New Zealand and Scandinavia with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment called Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment. The venture distributes UPHE and SPHE titles on home media in those countries and also licensed anime series and films from the anime library of NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan , the Japanese division of UPHE's sister company, Universal Pictures International Entertainment, formerly known as Pioneer LDC from 1981 to 2003, Geneon Entertainment from 2003 to 2009 and Geneon Universal Entertainment from 2009 to very late 2013,

240-706: A company named Studio Distribution Services, LLC. Internationally, Universal will distribute Warner Bros.' titles in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Japan; while Warner will distribute Universal's titles in the United Kingdom, Italy and Benelux. On April 7, 2020, the European Commission approved the merger. Since June 1, 2021, SDS' logo took the UPHE logo's place on the back covers of the home releases; while there have been several exceptions that had

300-737: A cooling DVD market); further issues came when Harry Sloan was hired as MGM's chairman and split MGM from Sony Pictures control, instead championing MGM as a company independent of Sony. Further issues between the companies and inside both plagued the deal, and MGM dropped Sony as a home media distributor in May 2006, instead signing a new worldwide distribution deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment . In 2010, parent company MGM Holdings emerged from bankruptcy. As of 2011 until 2018, MGM no longer released or marketed their own movies. Instead, MGM shared distribution with other studios that handle all distribution and marketing for MGM's projects. Since then, only

360-545: A deal with Warner Home Video to have them distribute MGM/UA titles exclusively on home video worldwide. The Pathé merger also meant MGM acquired a majority of the Cannon Films library (certain rights for other media and select films during the Thorn EMI merger now lie with other entities with few exceptions), ironic considering MGM/UA had previously distributed Cannon output in the 1980s. MGM/UA also began distributing

420-404: A definitive agreement to acquire RLJ Entertainment where AMC would pay $ 59 million for the remaining RLJE shares not owned by AMC or Robert L. Johnson . The transaction was approved by RLJ Entertainment's stockholders on October 31, and AMC Networks completed the acquisition on November 1. RLJ Entertainment became a privately owned subsidiary of AMC Networks, with Johnson and his affiliates owning

480-613: A distribution agreement with Universal, whereby the latter will distribute the former's titles overseas, particularly the territories where Paramount holds an office. The deal began on July 1, 2015, in the United Kingdom . Universal continued to distribute Paramount's DVDs and Blu-rays out of the United States and Canada until 2020. With the distributor change for Universal's titles in the UK, Paramount Home Entertainment signed

540-601: A handful of MGM's most recent movies, such as Skyfall , Red Dawn , Carrie , RoboCop , If I Stay , Poltergeist (which Fox 2000 Pictures co-produced) and Spectre have been released on DVD and Blu-ray by its home video output via 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment . Others, such as The Hobbit trilogy , Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters , G.I. Joe: Retaliation , Hercules , Hot Tub Time Machine 2 , Tomb Raider , Creed I and II , 21 and 22 Jump Street , Ben-Hur , Sherlock Gnomes and The Magnificent Seven have been released by

600-484: A label under Amazon, but leaving the future of the physical home video releases of its titles other than its current distribution deal with Studio Distribution Services and several third-party boutique labels in question. The merger was finalized on March 17, 2022. Currently in the United States and Canada, MGM's catalog is distributed by Studio Distribution Services , a joint venture between Warner Bros. Home Entertainment and Universal Pictures Home Entertainment that

660-534: A multi-year deal with Columbia-TriStar Home Video to allow the latter to distribute Universal DVDs outside North America, although a few years later, Universal started self-distributing all of its DVDs internationally. For a short time, Universal also distributing titles from Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment on VHS between 2002 and 2003. In the Netherlands , UPHE used to distribute most DVDs of films released theatrically by Independent Films , although this

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720-628: A new UK home entertainment distribution deal with StudioCanal UK and Lionsgate UK 's Elevation Sales on July 14, 2020, that began in January 2021. Along with the announcement of the Universal/Warner Bros. NA physical home media joint-venture, Universal announced that they would begin distributing Warner Bros. titles in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Japan in the third quarter of 2020 through home video, while Warner Bros. announced that they would begin distributing Universal titles in

780-632: A result of the deal, Warner Home Video took over home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner. Upon the expiration of the Warner Home Video deal, MGM signed a deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment to distribute its films on home video overseas. In 2001, MGM and Amazon.com launched the "MGM Movie Vault" to distribute VHS copies of selected films, either previously unreleased on video or long out-of-print, exclusively through Amazon. On March 3, 2003, MGM Home Entertainment launched

840-564: A select number of its titles in Australia and New Zealand through Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Australia. In September 2018, Funimation transferred distribution to Madman Entertainment , with Madman handling distribution and classification within the region. On October 3, 2014, Universal established global headquarters for its home video division in Los Angeles. At the start of 2015, Paramount Home Entertainment signed

900-603: A year after MGM bought and merged with the near-bankrupt United Artists (UA) from Transamerica , CBS dropped out of the video partnership with MGM and moved to 20th Century Fox to create CBS/Fox Video (Samuel Goldwyn titles moved to CBS/Fox, as they were distributed via CBS). MGM's video division became known as MGM/UA Home Entertainment Group, Inc. , more commonly known as MGM/UA Home Video . MGM/UA continued to license pre-1981 UA and pre-1950 WB films (as well as some post-1981 titles) to CBS/Fox (due to an agreement UA had with Fox years earlier dating back to when CBS/Fox Video

960-598: Is an American film production company and home video distributor, distributing film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,200 exclusive DVD titles and approximately 340 exclusive CD titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company

1020-633: Is headquartered in Chatsworth, California . Founded in 1981 as a NASDAQ -listed public company known as Image Entertainment, Image began as a distributor of LaserDiscs , whose sound and picture quality surpassed that of VHS and Beta , the dominant tape formats of the time. In its earlier years, the company originally distributed X-rated titles in addition to mainstream titles. Image successfully secured exclusive output deals with major studios such as Universal Studios , 20th Century Fox , Orion Pictures , and The Walt Disney Company , and grew to become

1080-700: Is now limited to catalog releases, as more recent films are now released through Warner Bros. Home Entertainment and later on, Belga Home Video. In South Africa , UPHE distributes films on DVD and VHS through CIC Video in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1999, the company was moved to Ster-Kinekor Home Entertainment until 2007 after CIC Video was dissolved in the same year. In 2008, it was moved later to Nu Metro Home Entertainment on DVDs until 2013, when Next Entertainment took over until 2019. UPHE also formerly distributed StudioCanal titles on home media in France (until 2024 when distribution moved to ESC Distribution), most of

1140-901: Is the home video distribution division of Universal Pictures , an American film studio, owned by NBCUniversal , which is owned by Comcast . Universal Pictures Home Entertainment is the home video distributor for all of the Universal Pictures film library, the Focus Features film library, most of the 1929–1949 Paramount film library held by EMKA, Ltd. , and shows from the NBCUniversal Syndication Studios library ( NBC , E! , Syfy , USA Network , Universal Kids , and Oxygen ). The division also currently has distribution deals with The Film Arcade , Aviron Pictures , STX Entertainment (save for films from EuropaCorp Films USA , which Lionsgate holds

1200-399: Is the direct-to-video entertainment label of Universal Pictures Home Entertainment created in 2005. The entity is a successor to MCA Family Entertainment. It is unknown whenever the label uses an on-screen logo as it uses the standard Universal Pictures logo in use since 2012. It was originally known as Universal Studios Family Productions, and Universal Cartoon Studios was a subsidiary of

1260-493: The CBS television network, and established MGM/CBS Home Video . In October of that year, they released their first batch of Betamax and VHS tapes. The initial printings of all 24 films were packaged in brown leather clamshell cases with gold lettering; they were presented to CBS executives. Later printings of these films, as well as all printings of later releases by MGM/CBS, were packaged in oversized gray book-style boxes with either

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1320-516: The Epic film library ) would be placed under Orion Pictures, so as to avoid its 1990 home video distribution agreement with Warner Home Video. In March 1999, MGM paid $ 225 million to end its distribution contract with Warner Home Video, effectively ending the distribution problem (the initial deal was to have expired in 2003, but as a result of the early termination, it instead ended in February 2000). As

1380-534: The Laserdisc sister label MCA Videodisc and the MCA Videocassette label were consolidated into a single entity, MCA Home Video, alternating with the MCA Videocassette, Inc. name until December 1983. In the mid-1980s, MCA Home Video began to license catalog titles to smaller, independent video firms with a focus on sell-through product. The first was in 1986 with Kartes Video Communications . The deal

1440-474: The MGM Kids sub-label. On May 27, 2003, MGM reinstated full distribution rights to their products in regions like the United Kingdom, Australia, Netherlands, Belgium, France, and Germany, although 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment continued to distribute for MGM in a majority of developing regions. In 2005, following MGM's acquisition by a Sony -led consortium (in part so Sony could ensure MGM's support of

1500-688: The RKO Pictures library), was acquired by Ted Turner and his company Turner Entertainment Co. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. libraries for video release (the rest of the library went to Turner Home Entertainment ). Also that year, it signed an agreement with Roger Corman and his film studio Concorde Pictures that enabled MGM/UA worldwide access to motion pictures that were produced by Concorde. In October 1990, after Pathé Communications bought MGM, MGM/UA Home Video struck

1560-1284: The Republic Pictures library in the UK and most of the Carolco Pictures library in Australia, Latin America, and several European countries (along with other StudioCanal properties) until StudioCanal's global distribution deal with Universal expired in January 2022. In the 1980s until the late 1990s, they also distributed tapes released by Cineplex Odeon in Canada. In the UK , UPHE previously distributed its films on video internationally through CIC Video (a division of Cinema International Corporation , later United International Pictures ) alongside Paramount Pictures . In Japan, releases from both Universal and Paramount appeared on CIC-Victor Video, Ltd. (a joint venture between CIC Video and JVC ) for VHS and on Pioneer LDC, Inc. for Laserdisc. Following Universal's then-parent Seagram 's acquisition of PolyGram in 1998, UPHE pulled out of CIC in 1999 and began distributing its films through PolyGram Video (which had international operations) which

1620-594: The Warner Archive Collection . On April 14, 2011, Fox's deal distributing the MGM library was extended through 2016. On June 27, 2016, Fox's distribution deal with MGM was renewed until June 30, 2020. With the acquisition of Fox's parent company 21st Century Fox by Disney on March 20, 2019, MGM announced in their 2019 report that it would not renew its deal with Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment (Through 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment) after

1680-718: The 75th anniversary of Universal Studios, it became MCA/Universal Home Video and used that name alternating with the MCA Home Video name from 1990 until 1997. On December 9, 1996, the company was renamed as Universal Studios Home Video when MCA was reincorporated as Universal Studios, which would then later be merged into Vivendi Universal Entertainment in 2000. Universal's first titles on the DVD format, in 1997, were licensed to Image Entertainment for distribution. These early, bare-bones editions quickly fell out-of-print when Universal started making their own DVDs. In 2004, due to

1740-639: The MGM Abstract Lion print logo or CBS Video print logo in the upper right hand corner of the packaging. MGM/CBS also issued some early tapes of Lorimar product; those releases would instead bear the Lorimar print logo where the MGM or CBS Video print logo would normally be. In 1981, MGM/CBS and Samuel Goldwyn Home Entertainment began to co-market certain Goldwyn titles, with CBS Video Enterprises handling distribution on Goldwyn's behalf. In 1982,

1800-565: The Sony-invented Blu-ray Disc format), MGM started releasing its newest content through Sony Pictures Home Entertainment under the standard MGM label, from that point onward, MGM releases began to be credited as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc, the MGM Home Entertainment moniker would be retired within the same year. However, Sony failed to meet projected sales of MGM content on DVD (in part because of

1860-579: The U.S. were The Mummy , its sequel The Mummy Returns and The Scorpion King . Since August 9, 2016, UPHE has released Ultra HD Blu-rays . In 2015, Funimation (now known as Crunchyroll, LLC ), formed a multi-year home video distribution deal with UPHE. Two years later, Sony Pictures Television acquired a 95% stake in Funimation, which resulted in Sony Pictures Home Entertainment taking over distribution after

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1920-470: The UPHE deal expired. Starting on June 5, 2018, because NBCUniversal acquired DreamWorks Animation in 2016, Universal began re-releasing all of DWA's film library on home video after their deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment ended. On January 14, 2020, Universal and Warner Bros. Home Entertainment announced that they would partner on a 10-year multinational joint-venture. In North America, their physical distribution operations were merged into

1980-908: The UPHE logo in place, mainly manufactured on demand titles, including 4K (including steelbooks) and Blu-ray releases. It is unknown whenever SDS uses an on-screen logo, as Universal releases by SDS use the 2012–present Universal Pictures logo. On June 24, 2024, it was reported that Sony Pictures Home Entertainment had entered into a distribution deal with SDS to handle distribution of titles from Sony Pictures ( Columbia Pictures , TriStar Pictures , Screen Gems , Crunchyroll, LLC , etc.) as well as those from Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment ( Walt Disney Pictures , Marvel Studios , Lucasfilm Ltd. , 20th Century Studios , etc.), Lionsgate Home Entertainment ( Lionsgate Films , Summit Entertainment , eOne Films , Roadside Attractions , etc.) and The Criterion Collection through retailers such as Walmart . On February 28, 1999, Universal signed

2040-405: The United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Spain, Germany and the United States; until 2024, after which Lionsgate Home Entertainment took over). Their releases are currently distributed by Studio Distribution Services , a joint venture between UPHE and Warner Bros. Home Entertainment , with select titles distributed by Allied Vaughn through its Manufacture on demand (MOD) solutions. The company

2100-480: The United Kingdom, Ireland, the United States and Canada; and internationally by their sub-division Buena Vista International ), Ben-Hur (also owned by Paramount Pictures ), and The Magnificent Seven (also owned by Sony Pictures through Columbia Pictures ). On May 26, 2021, it was officially announced that MGM would be acquired by Amazon for $ 8.45 billion, subject to regulatory approvals and other routine closing conditions; with MGM continuing to operate as

2160-747: The United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg in the first quarter of 2021 through home video. In 2020, SF Studios had signed a distribution deal with Universal to handle titles across the Nordic region. In early 2024, Plaion Pictures (who currently distributes Paramount releases in Italy and Sony Pictures releases in Germany) had signed a distribution deal with Universal to handle titles in Italy, which caused Universal's deal with Warner Bros. to expire there. Universal 1440 Entertainment

2220-418: The company. Universal Playback is a division of Universal Pictures Home Entertainment and specializing in DVD and Blu-ray releases of TV shows, either it be produced or distributed by Universal Pictures . It offers a variety of titles across different TV genres, including TV shows, documentaries, and special interest content. Image Entertainment RLJ Entertainment (formerly Image Entertainment )

2280-583: The current agreement expired on June 30, 2020, and would search for a new distributor afterwards. In the studio's 2020 financial report, MGM named Warner Bros. Home Entertainment as their new home media distributor. However, the transfer does not include co-production films outside Warner Bros such as Hensel & Gretel: Witch Hunters and Hercules (both owned by Paramount Pictures) as well as remake rights to Robocop (owned by Sony's Columbia Pictures and StudioCanal ), Poltergeist (owned by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures through 20th Century Studios in

2340-627: The dominant distributor of the format. The company was trading under the symbol "DISK". In August 1994, Image entered the CD-ROM market, releasing movies on the CD-ROM format. As the 1990s came to a close and Laserdiscs gave way to DVDs, Image re-focused on the fledgling format that quickly came to dominate the home video marketplace. While studios were busy managing the transition from VHS to DVD, Image began to acquire DVD rights to long-form music concert programs, television programming, foreign films and

2400-461: The films MGM released on DVD were from the Turner catalog, which they were still allowed to keep after Turner merged into Time Warner Entertainment some time before because of their distribution deal. That same year, MGM acquired Orion Pictures . As a result, Orion Home Video (Orion's home video division) was absorbed by MGM/UA, and was retained as an in-name-only division until the acquisition deal

2460-491: The home video output of the co-distributor—in these cases, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment (which MGM's catalog is currently handled by), Paramount Home Entertainment and Sony Pictures Home Entertainment respectively. In 2011, MGM launched the "MGM Limited Edition Collection", a manufactured-on-demand (MOD) DVD service that issues unreleased and out-of-print titles from the MGM-owned library. Its releases are sold through

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2520-761: The latter left 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment – a prior distribution deal that began in 1999 – on June 30, 2020, and Universal distributed some of UAR's other releases beginning with Operation Finale on December 4, 2018, and will end with Bond 27. MGM also licenses out some of its film and television library to Kino Lorber , the Criterion Collection , Shout! Studios , Vinegar Syndrome , Visual Entertainment Inc. , Twilight Time , Arrow Films , Severin Films , Olive Films and Sandpiper Pictures in addition to handling home media releases of its Manufacture-on-demand titles through Allied Vaughn. Max handles

2580-464: The marketplace. By the 10th anniversary of the DVD, Image has once again established itself as a dominant distributor of independently produced programs. In 2008, Image began to expand its release schedule to include feature films. On August 31, 2010, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment partnered with Image Entertainment in a multi-year agreement, marketing and distributing some DVDs and Blu-rays by Image. Image retains its own sales and marketing. The deal

2640-437: The merger of Universal Studios and NBC to form NBCUniversal , Universal started releasing DVDs of shows from the newly established NBCUniversal Television Distribution . Before 2004, NBC shows were distributed on DVD by Lions Gate Home Entertainment and A&E Home Video under the label NBC Home Entertainment (formerly NBC Home Video under Trimark until it was bought by Lions Gate). NBC's home entertainment on-screen logo

2700-563: The rest of the UA library around this time after its contract with CBS/Fox ended. In 1994, MGM/UA Home Video launched the MGM/UA Family Entertainment label for family-friendly releases. In 1996, Warner made an exclusive deal with Image Entertainment to distribute MGM/UA titles on LaserDisc . In 1997, MGM/UA, along with the other studios that were distributed by Warner Home Video, began releasing its titles on DVD . Some of

2760-840: The streaming rights to the MGM's pre-May 1986 library, while Amazon Prime Video handles the streaming rights to the MGM's post-May 1986 library. Many of Orion Pictures ' films since its revival have been released through various third-party companies rather than through MGM/Fox. For example, the remake of The Town That Dreaded Sundown was released by Image Entertainment . However, 20th Century Fox, and later on Warner Bros. (via SDS, LLC.) would handle home video distribution of Orion's movies released through UAR. Universal Pictures Home Entertainment#Studio Distribution Services, LLC Universal Pictures Home Entertainment LLC (formerly Universal Studios Home Entertainment , Universal Studios Home Video , MCA/Universal Home Video , MCA Home Video , MCA Videodisc , and MCA Videocassette, Inc. )

2820-665: The time. Incidentally, Image originally released a number of New World titles on laserdisc from the late 80's to early 90's. On April 2, 2012, it was announced that RLJ Acquisition, Inc. had entered into an agreement to acquire Image Entertainment as well as Acorn Media and plan to merge the two companies. The two companies operate under the banner "RLJ Entertainment". The company was then renamed RLJ Entertainment. In 2014, RLJ acquired British media distributor Acorn Media UK, this deal also included 64% in Agatha Christie Limited . On July 30, 2018, AMC Networks reached

2880-404: The video rights to ), Mattel Creations (for the long-running Barbie direct-to-video film series ), 101 Studios, Sovereign Films, Open Road Films , Briarcliff Entertainment , Pinnacle Peak Pictures , Picturehouse , Blumhouse Tilt , Funimation/Crunchyroll, LLC (in the United States and Canada; until 2018, after which Sony Pictures Home Entertainment took over) and Entertainment One (in

2940-775: The year they switched to their current name. The name of the joint venture is Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Australia. Before that, though, NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan had a marketing and distribution division in North America called Geneon USA, which, like UPHE, also distributed home video. At the time, NBCUEJ was known as Geneon Entertainment. Geneon USA shut down in late 2007, and Universal has licensed all of NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan's catalog to other companies rather than directly distributing them themselves. Starting on March 26, 2022, NBCUEJ (through UPHE) distributes and licenses anime series and films. From 2017 to 2018, Funimation began directly distributing

3000-532: Was absorbed into the Family Productions unit. The year after, UPHE acquired distribution rights to the Barbie film series after negotiations between Mattel and their previous domestic distributor, Lionsgate Home Entertainment , fell apart (Universal had already been distributing these films internationally). This company was the worldwide video distributor for DreamWorks titles until DreamWorks

3060-545: Was called Magnetic Video ). In 1982, the company entered into an agreement with The Cannon Group to release titles from the mini-major film studio through 1985. In 1985, it entered into an agreement with Rene Malo Video to handle Canadian distribution of MGM/UA product. In 1986, MGM's pre-May 1986 library (also including the pre-1950 Warner Bros. library, Bugs Bunny: Superstar , the Fleischer Studios / Famous Studios Popeye cartoons, and most US rights to

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3120-516: Was distributed by Columbia TriStar Home Video . In 2007, it was signed on as home video distributor of releases by Summit Entertainment (ironically, Summit was later bought by Lionsgate). In addition to DVDs, Universal was a major supporter of the HD DVD format until Toshiba discontinued the format. Since July 22, 2008, UPHE released Blu-rays and it was the last major Hollywood movie studio to do so. The first three Blu-ray releases to come out in

3180-524: Was expired in April 2012, when Mill Creek Entertainment agreed to release the most of Sony Pictures libraries. On April 27, 2011, Image Entertainment made a long-term agreement with Lakeshore Entertainment to distribute their film library on home media. This also gave them access to the New World Pictures library which Lakeshore acquired in 1996, with many of the titles not issued on Blu-ray at

3240-638: Was finalized in 1998. That year, the company was renamed MGM Home Entertainment. After the Orion acquisition, MGM kept Orion Pictures intact as a corporation, mostly to avoid its video distribution agreement with Warner Home Video, and thus, Orion Pictures films would be distributed under the Orion Home Video label. MGM acquired 2/3 of the pre-1996 PolyGram Filmed Entertainment library from Seagram in 1999 for $ 250 million, increasing their library holdings to 4,000. The PolyGram libraries (which included

3300-401: Was first announced on January 14, 2020, later revealing the name on April 23, 2021, and marketed by Warner, with Warner also handling distribution internationally. Warner already owns and distributes MGM's pre-May 1986 library through their ownership of Turner Entertainment Co. , but the former began a distribution deal with the latter for its remaining catalog titles and select UAR releases when

3360-557: Was followed with a similar agreement with GoodTimes Home Video in 1987. Also in 1986, the company made agreements with Motown Productions and with children's book publisher Price Stern Sloan . Both deals were intended to expand MCA's non-theatrical product. 1987 was a busy year for MCA Home Video; the company underwent an executive shuffle, signed an exclusive three-year deal with International Video Entertainment for video distribution, and began offering new content from Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus . In 1990, with

3420-489: Was founded in 1980 as MCA Videocassette, Inc. with Gene Giaquinto as president of the division. It released 24 films on Betamax and VHS in May 1980, including Jaws , Animal House and The Deer Hunter as well as classic films such as Dracula , Animal Crackers , and Scarface . Jaws 2 and 1941 were also released that year. Before 1980 Castle Films (known as Universal 8 after 1977) had served as Universal's home film distribution unit. In late 1983, both

3480-687: Was simply the NBC Enterprises syndication logo. In 2005 (by which point the Universal Studios Home Entertainment name was in use), the group was restructured; Universal 1440 Entertainment was formed as an internal production arm, while the London-based Universal Pictures Visual Programming (formerly PolyGram Visual Programming ) unit was folded into Universal Pictures International; Universal Cartoon Studios

3540-411: Was sold to Paramount Pictures ' parent company, Viacom , in 2006, at which point Paramount took over distribution. After Viacom spun off DreamWorks in 2008, Universal Studios Home Entertainment planned to resume distributing DreamWorks' movies, but this deal fell through. Until Lionsgate formed their home video division , their releases were distributed by Universal with the exception of Dogma , which

3600-429: Was then renamed Universal Pictures UK Ltd. In June 2002, Columbia-TriStar Home Entertainment formed a new joint-venture with Universal Pictures UK called UCA (Universal Columbia Alliance), under which Universal would distribute both new and back catalogue Columbia-Tristar titles through retail, though Columbia-Tristar Home Entertainment would continue self-distributing through rental. UPHE's international operations are

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