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42-531: He was born in Newton, Massachusetts and attended Harvard College, graduating in 1930. After receiving his PhD from Harvard and serving in the 12th Air Force in North Africa and Italy during World War II, he returned to Harvard and became a professor of archaeology there. Eventually he also became curator of Paleolithic Archaeology at Harvard's Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology . In 1948 he proposed

84-554: A city in 1874. Newton was originally part of "the newe towne", which was settled in 1630 and renamed Cambridge in 1638. The first English settlement of what is now Newton began in 1639. Roxbury minister John Eliot persuaded the Native American people of Nonantum, a sub-tribe of the Massachusett led by a sachem named Waban , to relocate to Natick in 1651, fearing that they would be exploited by colonists. Newton

126-435: A groom and keep horses, to drive them from their hilltop homes to the station. Further suburbanization came in waves. One wave began with the streetcar lines that made many parts of Newton accessible for commuters in the late nineteenth century. The next wave came in the 1920s when automobiles became affordable to a growing upper middle class. Even then, however, Oak Hill continued to be farmed, mostly market gardening, until

168-645: A median income of $ 95,387 versus $ 60,520 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 56,163. About 3.6% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over. As of 2015, 21.9% of the residents of Newton had been born outside of the United States. Newton's largest employers include Boston College and Newton-Wellesley Hospital . Companies based in Newton include TechTarget , CyberArk and Upromise. Until July 2015, Newton

210-498: A patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury ), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston , Wellesley , and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923. Newton is home to the Charles River , Crystal Lake , and Heartbreak Hill , among other landmarks. It

252-661: A weekly print paper published by the Community Newspaper Company , and owned by Gatehouse Media, ceased print publication in May 2022. The Newton Patch covers daily local news out of Newton and offers a platform for locals to post opinion, events, news tips and blogs on the community online platform as well. The Newton Voice. The Newton community is also served by its high school publications, including Newton North High School 's Newtonite and Newton South High School 's Lion's Roar and Denebola . Fig City News

294-494: Is a free, online community news resource founded by resident volunteers to cover local news and community events in Newton. The Boston Globe occasionally covers Newton. Residents of Newton have access to a state-of-the-art television studio and community media center, NewTV , located at 23 Needham Street in Newton Highlands. Newton is also home to NECN , a regional news network owned by NBC . From 1968 to 2017,

336-523: Is also shown as a village on some city maps. Although most of the villages have a post office, they have no legal definition and no firmly defined borders. This village-based system often causes some confusion with addresses and for first-time visitors. The record low temperature was −21 °F (−29 °C) in February 1934; the record high temperature was 101 °F (38 °C) in August 1975. As of

378-714: Is one of the thirteen villages within the city of Newton in Massachusetts , United States. The village is listed as the Newton Upper Falls Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places . The area borders Needham, Massachusetts to the southwest, Wellesley, Massachusetts to the west, the West Roxbury neighborhood of Boston to the southeast, Newton Highlands to the north and northeast, Waban to

420-574: Is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9 , Hammond Pond Parkway , and the Mass Pike ), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA. Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became

462-407: The Charles River , and both former small industrial sites), Newtonville , Nonantum (also known as Silver Lake or "The Lake"), Oak Hill , Thompsonville , Waban and West Newton . Oak Hill Park is a place within the village of Oak Hill that itself is shown as a separate and distinct village on some city maps (including a map dated 2010 on the official City of Newton website), and Four Corners

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504-587: The Hemlock Gorge and Echo Bridge , a aqueduct turned pedestrian walkway over the Charles River . It is said to be the only village that has retained its original name from when the area was founded in the 17th century. It has over 150 homes on the historic register. Sullivan Avenue, an unpaved private road in Newton Upper Falls, is the last remaining portion of the ancient highway connecting Boston and Cambridge with Newton and points west in

546-810: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 18.2 square miles (47.1 km ), of which 18.0 square miles (46.6 km ) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.5 km ) (0.82%) is water. Geologically Newton located within topographic lowland the Boston Basin of the Appalachian Mountain chain. This lowland is surrounded by a ring of highland drumlins which were left after the last glaciation twelve thousand years ago. There are several unique outcroppings of rocks around Newton where geologic history revealing of how territory have formed and has changed over

588-424: The 17th century (back then it was called Cambridge Village). Also on Sullivan Avenue is a famous pothole; a geological anomaly where a boulder that was originally pushed down the cliff by a now extinct waterfall got caught and became round. The boulder spun around in its place carving a shaft over thousands of years. Since then, half the shaft collapsed and now all that can be seen is half of a cylindrical shaft through

630-581: The Australian physician Sir Trent Champion de Crespigny on 25 September 1936. The American poet Geoffrey Movius (born 21 January 1940) was a son. This biographical article about an American archaeologist is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Newton, Massachusetts Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts , United States. It is roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of downtown Boston , and comprises

672-611: The Mayor of Newton and eight at-large Ward representatives, who are elected. Mismanagement of Middlesex County's public hospital in the mid-1990s left the county on the brink of insolvency, and in 1997 the Massachusetts legislature stepped in by assuming all assets and obligations of the county. The government of Middlesex County was officially abolished on July 11, 1997. The sheriff and some other regional officials with specific duties are still elected locally to perform duties within

714-568: The Newton Public Schools, opened in 1946 to serve the needs of returning veterans who otherwise would not have been able to continue their education due to the overcrowding of colleges and universities at that time. It used the facilities of Newton High School (now Newton North High School ) until its own adjacent campus was built. It closed in 1976 due to declining enrollment and increased costs. The availability of such places as UMass Boston contributed to its demise. According to

756-667: The Newton Symphony Orchestra. The Joanne Langione Dance Center , an American youth dance school was founded in 1976. Newton has an elected strong mayor-council form of government. The council is called the City Council. The mayor is Ruthanne Fuller. Fuller is the first woman to be elected Mayor of Newton. The elected officials are: As of November 2023, the makeup of the City Council is: Newton's school committee decides policies and budget for Newton Public Schools. It has nine voting members, consisting of

798-584: The Riverside branch) is a light rail line running through the center of the city that makes very frequent trips to downtown Boston, ranging from 10 to 30 minutes away. The Green Line B branch ends across from Boston College on Commonwealth Avenue , virtually at the border of Boston's Brighton neighborhood and the City of Newton (an area which encompasses an unincorporated suburban village referred to as Chestnut Hill ). The MBTA Worcester commuter rail , serving

840-474: The Shawmut anticline of Newton formed as the alpine mountains of east-central Massachusetts were created. Unique outcroppings rocks exposure has steadily declined as Newton area has become increasingly developed. Newton has grown around a formation of seven hills. "The general features of Newton are not without interest. Seven principal elevations mark its surface, like the seven hills of ancient Rome, with

882-406: The age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. Of all households, 25.5% were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. As of the 2008 US Census, the average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.11. In the city, 21.2% of

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924-537: The census of 2010, there were 85,146 people, 32,648 households, and 20,499 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,643.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,792.9/km ). There were 32,112 housing units at an average density of 1,778.8 per square mile (686.8/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 79.6% White , 11.5% Asian , 2.5% African American , 0.07% Native American , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 0.71% from other races , and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of

966-403: The city, entering from Wellesley on Route 16 (Washington Street) where runners encounter the first of the four infamous Newton Hills . It then turns right onto Route 30 (Commonwealth Avenue) for the long haul into Boston. There are two more hills before reaching Centre Street, and then the fourth and most noted, Heartbreak Hill , rises shortly after Centre Street. Residents and visitors line

1008-525: The city, its former campus is now "Claflin Park," a 25-unit multi-family development. Other former colleges include Aquinas College (1961–1999), Mount Alvernia College (1959–1973), Mount Ida College (1899–2018), and Newton College of the Sacred Heart (1946–1975). Andover Newton Theological School relocated to New Haven, Connecticut (1807–2017). The city's community newspaper The Newton TAB ,

1050-526: The cliff at the corner of Sullivan and Elliot Streets. Newton's first mill on the Charles River was built in 1688 in Upper Falls. Over the next 150 years, the water power available at Upper Falls led to the village's steady growth as many more mills were built along that stretch of the river. By 1850 the village had 1300 inhabitants which was 25% of the entire population of Newton. In 1909,

1092-438: The county region, but there is no county council or commission. However, communities are now granted the right to form their own regional compacts for sharing services. These are the remaining elected officers for Middlesex County: House of Representatives : Senate : Congress Public education is provided by Newton Public Schools . Colleges and universities located in Newton include: Newton Junior College, operated by

1134-502: The difference that the seven hills of Newton are much more distinct than the seven hills of Rome: Nonantum Hill, Waban Hill, Chestnut Hill , Bald Pate Hill, Oak Hill , Institution Hill and Mount Ida." Rather than having a single city center, Newton is a patchwork of thirteen villages, many boasting small downtown areas of their own. The 13 villages are: Auburndale , Chestnut Hill , Newton Centre , Newton Corner , Newton Highlands , Newton Lower Falls , Newton Upper Falls (both on

1176-442: The early industries that developed in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in a series of mills built to take advantage of the water power available at Newton Upper Falls and Newton Lower Falls . Snuff, chocolate, glue, paper and other products were produced in these small mills but, according to Muir, the water power available in Newton was not sufficient to turn Newton into a manufacturing city, although it was, beginning in 1902,

1218-496: The east. The Charles River flows along the north and west parts of Newton, and Route 128 passes through the western part of the city. The Mass Pike passes through the more urbanized northern section of the city before heading into Boston. Additional major highways in Newton include Route 9 , serving the southern parts of the city, and Hammond Pond Parkway , which is the main north–south route through Chestnut Hill and provides access to Brookline and West Roxbury. According to

1260-573: The existence of a Movius Line dividing the Acheulean tool users of Europe, Africa and western Asia from the chopping tool industries of East Asia. He also studied the Perigordian and Aurignacian cultures of Palaeolithic France , excavating at the rock shelter of Abri Pataud in Les Eyzies (Dordogne) from 1958 to 1973. He married Nancy Champion de Crespigny (1910–2003), daughter of

1302-712: The home of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company, the maker of the Stanley Steamer . Nineteenth-century Newton, following the American Civil War , was a patchwork of villages. The northern villages of Auburndale , Newton Corner , Newtonville , and West Newton were the most affluent. In contrast, both Waban and Chestnut Hill were sparsely populated. Several village-based "improvement societies" were founded by residents between 1878 and 1904. No citywide improvement society

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1344-671: The northern villages of Newton that are proximate to Waltham, offers less frequent service to Boston. It runs from every half-an-hour during peak times to every couple of hours otherwise. The northern villages are also served by frequent express buses that go to downtown Boston via the Massachusetts Turnpike as well as Waltham. Newton Centre, which is centered around the MBTA station of the same name , has been lauded as an example of transit-oriented development . Newton Upper Falls, Massachusetts Newton Upper Falls

1386-400: The northwest and Oak Hill to the east. The village is served by Eliot "T" station, part of the Green Line D branch of the MBTA , with rail service inbound into downtown Boston and outbound to Riverside . Major roads that serve the village are Route 128 , and Route 9 (Boylston Street), which provides a direct, six-mile commute into downtown Boston . Newton Upper Falls is home to

1428-474: The past hundreds millions of years of drift supercontinents and ancient oceans, earthquake activity associated with volcanism and related faulting activity and changing climate. There are mainly three types of bedrock: Roxbury Conglomerate , Cambridge Argillite or Slate, and Brighton Volcanics and the Mattapan Volcanics pre-Cambrian foundation of Dedham Granodiorite. The Boston Border Fault and

1470-399: The population (0.7% Puerto Rican , 0.6% Mexican , 0.4% Colombian , 0.3% Guatemalan , 0.3% Argentine ). (2010 Census Report: Census report Quickfacts.com) Newton, along with neighboring Brookline , is known for its significant Jewish and Asian populations. The Jewish population as of 2002 was estimated to be 28,002. There were 31,201 households, out of which 31.1% had children under

1512-404: The population was under the age of 18, 10.3% was from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 107,696, and the median income for a family was $ 136,843. Males had

1554-543: The prosperity of the 1950s made all of Newton more densely settled. Two of the 9/11 hijackers stayed in Newton the night before the attack. The hijackers of American Airlines Flight 11 spent their last night in Newton's Park Inn, an economy motel across the street from the Chestnut Hill Mall and within walking distance of The Atrium. Each April on Patriots' Day , the Boston Marathon is run through

1596-481: The race route along Washington Street and Commonwealth Avenue to cheer the runners. Newton is a suburban city approximately 7 mi (11 km) from downtown Boston, in Middlesex County . It is also bordered by Waltham and Watertown on the north, Needham and the West Roxbury neighborhood of Boston on the south, Wellesley and Weston on the west, and Brookline and the Brighton neighborhood of Boston on

1638-525: The studios and transmitter of WNTN AM-1550 were on Rumford Avenue in Auburndale. Newton-Wellesley Hospital is located at 2014 Washington Street in Newton. U.S. News & World Report ranks the hospital 13th best in the Boston metro area. Newton is well-served by three modes of mass transit run by the MBTA : light rail , commuter rail , and bus service. The Green Line D branch , (also known as

1680-480: Was also home to the global headquarters of TripAdvisor , the world's largest travel site, reaching nearly 280 million unique monthly visitors. TripAdvisor moved into a newly built headquarters in neighboring Needham . Data is from the 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. The city is home to two symphony orchestras, the New Philharmonia Orchestra of Massachusetts and

1722-484: Was ever founded. Newton, according to Muir, became one of North America's earliest commuter suburbs. The Boston and Worcester , one of North America's earliest railroads, reached West Newton in 1834. Wealthy Bostonian businessmen took advantage of the new commuting opportunity offered by the railroad, building gracious homes on erstwhile farmland of West Newton hill and on Commonwealth street. Muir points out that these early commuters needed sufficient wealth to employ

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1764-618: Was incorporated as a separate town , known as Cambridge Village, on December 15, 1681, then renamed Newtown in 1691, and finally Newton in 1766. It became a city on January 5, 1874. Newton is known as The Garden City . In the early 1600s, Watertown had claimed a large area of land on the south side of the Charles River (modern-day Newton). They gave it up to Newtown, except for a strip "two hundred rods long and sixty rods wide" to "protect their fishing privileges". In Reflections in Bullough's Pond , Newton historian Diana Muir describes

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