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75-675: Montreal Park is a development in Sevenoaks in Kent which was formerly the home of Lord Amherst , Commander-in-Chief of the Forces . It was named after his conquest of Montreal in 1760. In 1764 Lord Amherst returned home after his military successes during the Seven Years' War and commissioned a large house at Sevenoaks in Kent built in the Palladian style . On 30 August 1788 he

150-466: A Baedeker guidebook by Karl Baedeker himself in his most celebrated guidebook " Schweiz ", first published in 1844, was the title of Florian's own guide, published in 1978. It is considered by many to be one of his best city guides. Florian Baedeker, a keen parachute jumper, was killed in a parachuting accident on October 26, 1980. He was 36. Following the death of Florian, his mother, Karl Friedrich's widow Eva Baedeker, née Konitz (1913−1984), piloted

225-514: A branch in Munich . The ownership of the new venture was split down the middle between Langenscheidt and Mairs. In 1997, Mairs Geographischer Verlag , now known as MairDumont  [ de ] , became the 100% owner of Verlag Karl Baedeker, along with all rights attached to Karl Baedeker 's name and firm. The new English Baedekers produced by MairDumont dispensed with the Allianz logo in

300-416: A ceremony involving well-known people from television shows such as Blue Peter and locals such as Gloria Hunniford and Caron Keating , were vandalised, leaving the one mature tree standing. The trees have been replaced and eight Oak trees of varying ages line The Vine. A serious railway accident occurred nearby on 24 August 1927. Southern Railway K class passenger tank engine No. A800 River Cray

375-400: A foundling, had been brought up in the town. In later life he became a merchant and served as alderman, sheriff and Mayor of London . Founding the school and adjacent almshouses was his thanks to the town. In 1560 the school was granted letters patent by Queen Elizabeth I and became known as 'Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School'. In 1456 Thomas Bourchier , Archbishop of Canterbury , purchased

450-602: A handbook for travellers by Professor Oyvind Vorland entitled Rheinreise von Mainz bis Cöln; ein Handbuch für Schnellreisende ( A Rhine Journey from Mainz to Cologne ; A Handbook for Travellers on the Move ). This book provided the seeds for Baedeker's own travel guides. After Johann August Klein (1778–1831) died and the book went out of print, Baedeker decided to publish a new edition, incorporating some of Klein's material but also added many of his own ideas into what he thought

525-487: A meadow, before becoming a bus station and car park. Access can be gained from several directions including the High Street and London Road. In 2008, a new third side of the development opened, housing a Costa Coffee , a Robert Dyas and Tommelise and Zapata: A Mexican restaurant (now closed). Much of the architecture is based on slightly earlier periods but with a contemporary edge. Music string manufacturer RotoSound

600-580: A new club house in Ide Hill village. The Vine Cricket Ground is one of the oldest cricket venues in England. It was given to the town of Sevenoaks in 1773 by John Frederick Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset (1745–1799) and owner of Knole House. The land was thought previously to have been used as a vineyard for the Archbishops of Canterbury. Sevenoaks Suns is a women's basketball team that plays in

675-653: A reception at the Leipzig "Harmonie", a popular venue for such events. The firm did make some progress and he managed to produce twelve new titles in German and five in English, though these included those commissioned by the Nazi regime . He also published the 1928 one-volume eighth and revised German edition of Egypt and in 1929 its eighth English edition, which many travel guidebooks connoisseurs and collectors consider to be

750-565: A significant role in popularising the English guidebooks worldwide. James, the elder brother, had been taken on as editor of the English editions by Fritz Baedeker in 1879, at age 25; Findlay joined him later as joint editor. They were responsible for all the Baedeker editions in English for almost forty years. James Findlay is given the credit for two-thirds of the content in the Canada guidebook, first published in 1894. The Canada guide

825-496: A town council with sixteen members. The town is divided into six wards: Kippington, Northern, St John's, Town, Wildernesse and Eastern. The offices of Sevenoaks District Council are located in the town. The town is situated at the junction of two main routes from the north before traffic climbs over the Greensand Ridge which crosses Kent from west to east; that situation is similar to Maidstone and Ashford . That road

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900-580: A travel guide should offer the traveller or reader. Baedeker aimed to free the traveller from having to look for information anywhere outside the travel guide: about routes, transport, accommodation, restaurants, tipping, sights, walks and prices. While the concept of a travel guide-book already existed (Baedeker emulated the style of English guide-books published by John Murray ), Baedeker innovated in including detailed information on routes, travel and accommodation. Karl Baedeker had three sons, Ernst, Karl and Fritz and after his death each, in turn, took over

975-612: Is Sennockian . The demonym Old Sennockian is used by alumni of Sevenoaks School . The local radio station for Sevenoaks is KMFM West Kent , although no local programmes are broadcast on the station due to it being part of the KMFM network across Kent that broadcasts from Medway. The station still receives local adverts, what-on local events and sponsors. Sevenoaks is served by county wide stations BBC Radio Kent , Heart South , Smooth Radio and many London stations. Because of its proximity to London, television signals are received from

1050-408: Is Sevenoaks School , a co-educational boarding and day school, The Granville School, a girls’ prep school 3-11 (with boys in pre-school) and Walthamstow Hall, an all-girls day school; and several preparatory schools , including Solefield School , New Beacon School and Sevenoaks Preparatory School. Sevenoaks is located at the junction of two ancient roads heading south from London and Dartford to

1125-399: Is twinned with: Baedeker 1827−1859: Karl Baedeker (1801–1859) descended from a long line of printers, booksellers and publishers from Essen , Germany. He was the eldest of ten children of Gottschalk Diederich Bädeker (1778–1841), who had inherited the publishing house founded by his own father, Zacharias Gerhard Bädeker (1750–1800). The company also published the local newspaper,

1200-411: Is a town in Kent with a population of 29,506 situated south-east of London , England. Also classified as a civil parish , Sevenoaks is served by a commuter main line railway into London. Sevenoaks is 21 miles (34 km) from Charing Cross , the traditional centre of London. It is the principal town of the Sevenoaks district , followed by Swanley and Edenbridge . A settlement was recorded in

1275-489: Is an octagonal gatehouse, a derelict stone summerhouse and large obelisk . The inscription on the obelisk reads: To commemorate the providential and happy meeting of three brothers on this their Paternal ground on 25 January 1761 after a six years glorious war in which the three were successfully engaged in various climes, seasons and services . Dedicated to that most able Statesman during whose Administration Cape Breton and Canada were conquered and from whose influence

1350-507: Is based in Sevenoaks. The company's strings have been used by Jimi Hendrix , Brian May , and Pete Townshend . In the US, the company is associated with the 'British Invasion' sound of the 1960s and 70s. Knole Park is a 1,000-acre (4 km²) SSSI and medieval deer park containing several thousand trees, a cricket pitch and a golf course running across. In its centre is Knole , the home of

1425-462: Is common at peak times. The main industrial area is located north of the town, alongside the A225. Sevenoaks Quarry is on Bat and Ball Road, also to the north. The shopping area in High Street includes the new Bligh's development. It is a typical small town centre, with one M&S department store having opened in 2014. Bligh's shopping development opened in phases in 2002. The site was originally

1500-420: Is located at the top of London Road (TN13 1ZZ). It was re-opened as a community arts centre by Sevenoaks Town Council on 2 January 2009 and is supported by a strong network of volunteers. It became a not for profit charity in 2010. The multiplex cinema is open daily showing films. Around £550,000 has invested in equipment, infrastructure and the building since it re-opened. The demonym for a person from Sevenoaks

1575-495: Is the sole classic Baedeker to have been published only in English. James Muirhead's worked on the 1893 edition of The United States , which ran to four editions while he was with the firm. Herbert Warren Wind wrote: The United States was, in effect, a one-man triumph for James F. Muirhead... Travelling by boat, railway and horse, he personally visited the greater part of the districts described and threw in an excursion to Mexico for good measure. The United States emerged as

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1650-988: Is to the north of the town centre, around one of the former gravel pits. It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest , covering some 175 acres (71 ha). Sevenoaks Scouts is the active Scouting organisation in the town. Sevenoaks Information provides a comprehensive What's On events diary for the town and surrounding area. Sevenoaks Community Forum is a growing, active discussion forum for News and Events within Sevenoaks and surrounding areas. Sevenoaks District Community Directory provides information on local leisure facilities, plus details of Clubs, Societies and Organisations covering all activities, including Sport across Sevenoaks and surrounding Towns / Villages. Sevenoaks has three Non-League football clubs: Corinthian Football Club who play at Gay Dawn Farm, Sevenoaks Town F.C. who play at Greatness Park and Ide Hill F.C. who currently play in Borough Green due to construction of

1725-586: The Essendische Zeitung , and the family expected that Karl, too, would eventually join the firm. Karl worked with his father until 1827 when he left for Coblence (now Koblenz ) to start his own bookselling and publishing business. Karl changed the spelling of the family name from Bädeker with the umlaut to Baedeker around 1850. In 1832 Baedeker's firm acquired the publishing house of Franz Friedrich Röhling in Koblenz, which in 1828 had published

1800-741: The Crystal Palace TV transmitter, placing Sevenoaks in the BBC London and ITV London areas. However, the town can also receive the Bluebell Hill TV transmitter which broadcast BBC South East & ITV Meridian and also through satellite television such as Freesat . The local paper is the Sevenoaks Chronicle , which is published every Thursday by the Courier Media Group . Sevenoaks

1875-698: The Weald . In 1710 part of one of the roads – from Sevenoaks through Tonbridge and Pembury to Tunbridge Wells – was the first in Kent to be turnpiked , and others followed within the century. It became the A21 road in the 1920s; the road now bypasses the town, and also takes traffic to the M25 London Orbital motorway at Junction 5. The Dartford road is now the A225 . The cross-country A25 road passes through

1950-519: The "160 BT building" in London Road. A food market is held in the centre of town every Saturday. In the Middle Ages two hospitals were provided by religious orders for the care of old or sick people, especially those going on pilgrimage . Sevenoaks School , at the south end of High Street, is one of the oldest lay foundations in England. It was founded by William Sevenoke in 1432. Sevenoke,

2025-407: The 13th century, when a market was established. Construction of Knole House in the 15th century helped develop the village. Sevenoaks became part of the modern communications network when one of the early turnpikes was opened in the 18th century; the railway was relatively late in reaching it. In the 21st century, it has a large commuting population . The nearby Fort Halstead defence installation

2100-459: The Baedeker firm with another loan and he published more city and regional guides in the years that followed. In 1951, Karl Friedrich and Oskar Steinheil, a pre-war Baedeker editor, signed an agreement with Shell AG, the subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell , and Kurt Mair (1902–1957), the German printer and publisher based in Stuttgart, to produce a series of motoring guides. Baedeker would provide

2175-845: The British Arms derived a Degree of Lustre unparalleled in past ages. Louisbour surrendered and Six French Battalions Prisoners of War 26 July 1758 Du Quesne taken possession of 24 November 1758 Niagara surrendered 25 July 1759 Ticonderoga taken possession of 26 July 1759 Crown Point taken possession of 4 August 1759 Quebec capitulated 18 September 1759 Fort Levi surrendered 25 August 1760 Ile au Noix abandoned 28 August 1760 Montreal surrendered and with it all Canada and 10 French Battalions laid down their Arms 8 September 1760 St Johns Newfoundland retaken 18 September 1762 51°16′37″N 0°10′08″E  /  51.277°N 0.169°E  / 51.277; 0.169 Sevenoaks Sevenoaks

2250-502: The German insurance group Allianz . Multi-coloured with copious illustrations and in many languages, they now cover most of the popular tourist destinations in the world. Over 150 guides have been published already and the list keeps growing, as well as the number of languages in which they are published. In Britain, the guides have been published in collaboration with the British Automobile Association and in

2325-571: The Knole estate and built Knole House . The mansion dominates the town. The eponymous oak trees in Knole Park have been replaced several times over the centuries. In 1902 seven oaks were planted on the north side of The Vine cricket ground to commemorate the coronation of King Edward VII . During the Great Storm of 1987 , six of those trees were blown down. Their replacements, planted in

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2400-513: The Mediterranean, United States, Canada, India and South East Asia. Plans to publish guides on China and Japan had to be abandoned when war broke out in 1914. At home, the list of guides on German regions and cities continued to grow. His was the golden age of Baedeker travel guides. Fritz also had the good fortune to have three of his four sons − Hans, Ernst and Dietrich − beside him in the firm, as editors and writers. Karl Baedeker III,

2475-641: The Nazis wished it to be written, as the introduction to the 1943 book Das Generalgouvernement reveals. The 1948 Leipzig was the first post-World War II Baedeker and the last one to be published in Leipzig , which was now in the Russian zone. The Russians had not granted Baedeker a publishing licence. Hans got round this by having 10,000 copies printed by the Bibliographisches Institut . However, after some 1000 copies had been sold,

2550-589: The Russians said the guidebook contained military secrets in the form of a map showing the site of their Kommandantura , and confiscated the remaining copies. New English titles during this time were 1927's Tyrol and the Dolomites , 1931's The Riviera (including South Eastern France and Corsica), an edition of Germany for the 1936 Olympic Games , and 1939's Madeira, Canary Islands, Azores, Western Morocco . 1948−1979: Karl Friedrich Baedeker (1910−1979)

2625-692: The Sackville family (the Earls of Dorset ) since it was given to them by Queen Elizabeth I in 1577. The estate is owned and maintained by the National Trust , although the Sackvilles still live there. Riverhill House and gardens are located directly to the south of Knole Park, on the southern edge of Sevenoaks. The house and gardens, which were first built in the 16th century, are privately owned by Jane Margaret Rogers but are periodically open to

2700-652: The Seal Hollow Road in the North-Eastern edge of town, and Seal Hollow Road is also the site of the controversial first new UK Grammar school , an annex of Weald of Kent Grammar School for girls in Tonbridge, in over 50 years. A further annex grammar school, of Tunbridge Wells Grammar School for Boys, is due to open on the same site in September 2021. Among the high number of independent schools

2775-870: The USA by Macmillan Travel, a Simon & Schuster Macmillan company. The Freiburg Baedeker branch was acquired by the German publisher Langenscheidt following the death of Eva Baedeker. In 1987, both Baedeker branches, the Langenscheidt operation in Freiburg and the Baedeker Autoführer Verlag in Stuttgart operated by the Mairs publishing group, were merged and housed together in Ostfildern/Kemnat as "Karl Baedeker GmbH " with

2850-399: The author of The House of Baedeker wrote: Wagner & Debes made a very important contribution to the guidebooks, providing them not only with the best maps in the world, many in color, but also with superb ground plans of palaces, churches, gardens, museums and castles, and with some extraordinary panoramas of Alpine ranges and other such two-star vistas. He added: By and large, it was

2925-439: The balance sheet of the publishing house. The Great Depression put paid to any hopes of an early recovery in its fortunes. The arrival of Nazism made things even worse for anything connected with tourism. For the Baedeker publishing house it culminated in the destruction of their headquarters in Leipzig , with total loss of the firm's archives, in the early hours of December 4, 1943 when Britain's Royal Air Force bombarded

3000-540: The city. See also Baedeker Blitz for Baedeker Raids. Hans was extremely proud of what the Baedeker clan had achieved and not one to give up trying to revive the firm. He received a loan from Allen & Unwin , the London publishing house, which represented Baedeker in Britain, and continued to do whatever he could to rejuvenate the firm at home. On July 1, 1927, Hans celebrated the centenary of its foundation by holding

3075-661: The eldest son of Fritz Baedeker, took charge of the company in difficult times. His two brothers, Ernst and Dietrich, were with him, running the company. The firm had lost heavily by investing in government bonds during the First World War . The war had not only wreaked havoc on tourism, it had also resulted in anti-German sentiments around the world, particularly in America and France, where the guidebooks had been very popular and from where tourists had come in droves. Rising inflation, too, played its part in affecting tourism and

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3150-407: The firm until 1971 when he left to join another publishing house. In 1956, Karl Friedrich moved his field of operations from Malente to Freiburg im Breisgau . In 1972, the Stuttgart operation moved to Ostfildern/Kemnat in the district of Esslingen where Volkmar Mair, the son of Kurt Mair, was now in charge. With the rise of air travel in the 1960s and 1970s, Baedeker entered a new era. In 1974,

3225-539: The firm until she died in 1984. She was the last Baedeker to play an active role in running the Baedeker publishing house founded in 1827, and negotiated the sale of the Freiburg branch to Langenscheidt before she died. However, the "Karl Baedeker" brand name has been retained by all subsequent owners of the company, in one form or another. Since 1979 Baedeker travel guides have appeared as Baedeker Allianz Reiseführer (travel guides), published in collaboration with

3300-436: The first post-war international guidebook appeared, financed largely by the German airline Lufthansa —the voluminous 872-page Baedekers USA in German, which had the look of traditional pre-war Baedekers. Florian Baedeker (1943−1980), the only son of Karl Friedrich Baedeker, succeeded him when he died in 1979. After completing his studies in Munich in 1971, he had devoted himself to matters relating to book publishing under

3375-513: The first such guidebooks to incorporate infographics . From the outset, Karl Baedeker recognised the importance of publishing his guides in English as well as in German . His son Ernst had worked in London before joining Verlag Baedeker in 1859, and was entrusted with the task of preparing the first Baedeker in English. The Rhine appeared in 1861. The Scottish brothers James Francis Muirhead (1853−1934) and Findlay Muirhead (1860−1935) played

3450-713: The fourth son, entered academia and rose to become a professor of physics at the University of Jena . He was killed in action at the Battle of Liège in August 1914. It was his son Karl Friedrich who revived Verlag Karl Baedeker after the Second World War . During his reign, which lasted over 50 years, Fritz produced 73 new Baedekers , as they came to be known universally. The Baedeker travel guides became so popular that baedekering became an English-language term for

3525-461: The guidance of his father, and had helped him with the preparation of the Munich guide, released for the 1972 Munich Olympic Games . Florian also carried out most of the work involved in preparing the city guides titled Baden-Baden , Constance , Strasbourg and Wiesbaden , published in the mid-1970s. He also produced several short city guides. Basel , the Swiss city which was first covered in

3600-399: The main roads. The settlement of Riverhead to the north-west is the largest; other parts of the town (in clockwise order from the north) include Greatness; Wildernesse; St John's; Hollybush; Sevenoaks Common; and Kippington. The 2001 census counts approximately 18,588 residents within the Sevenoaks civil parish authority, compared to its population in 1801 of 2,600. The built-up area of

3675-934: The north of the town along the Vale of Holmesdale . There are two railway stations in Sevenoaks, and two on the outskirts. The principal station is located on the South Eastern Main Line and also acts as the terminus for the suburban stopping services to both London Charing Cross and Blackfriars . The latter services follow the branch line via Swanley , calling at the second of the stations, named Bat & Ball . The outlying stations are Dunton Green (served at off peak times by two trains per hour to London Charing Cross, and three trains per hour to London Cannon Street at peak times) and Otford (two trains per hour to London Victoria ). There are also bus routes in and around Sevenoaks provided by Go-Coach and Arriva Southern Counties . Sevenoaks Wildlife Reserve

3750-460: The offers. I had been brought up to regard Baedeker as a family company. It was as simple as that." In December 1949, he published his first offering—10,000 copies of Schleswig-Holstein . This was printed in Glückstadt near Hamburg and contained some advertising to balance the books, as did some of his other contemporaneous titles. Allen & Unwin , the London publisher, once again helped

3825-405: The oldest state primary schools in England. Lady Margaret Boswell left a bequest to educate 12 poor scholars of the town. The first school building was erected on London Road in 1818: it is a Grade II Listed building with a neo-Classical frontage, now called Lady Boswell House. The school moved to its current site in 1972. A Christian 'Free School' called Trinity School, opened in the 2010s on

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3900-433: The outbreak of war, Hans used to tell him: "You're the oldest Baedeker of the next generation. You will carry on." Some American, British and German publishers had tried hard to buy the 'Baedeker' name, which was still a world brand, thinking that Karl Friedrich would be only too pleased to sell. However, as he said to Herbert Warren Wind : "The war had been almost too much for us. But I never seriously considered any of

3975-547: The place of the seven oaks. The original seven oaks were in Knole Park and have been replaced many times. Alternatively, Baedeker's Guide of 1887 states that Sevenoaks "is said to be a corruption of Chevenix". There are few records earlier than the 13th century for the town, when it was given market status. The weekly cattle market was held in Hitchen Hatch Lane until 1999. It was closed to make way for

4050-638: The public. There are four churches belonging to the Church of England in Sevenoaks, dedicated to St Nicholas, St Luke, St Mary and St John the Baptist; and also St Mary's at Riverhead. The Roman Catholic church is dedicated to St Thomas of Canterbury ; and there are some eight other denominations represented in the town. These include Hope Church ( Charismatic ), the United Reformed Church and also Baptist and Evangelical churches across

4125-462: The publishing house. 1861−1877: Karl Baedeker II (1837−1911) continued the work started by his brother Ernst. In addition to the ongoing revision of existing guides, he published 14 new guides: four in German, seven in English and three in French. viz. Karl Baedeker II worked with his younger brother Fritz, who joined the firm in 1869 as a partner and became the general manager. In 1877 (according to

4200-427: The purpose of traveling in a country to write a travel guide or travelogue about it. Fritz Baedeker became the most successful travel guide publisher of all time and turned the publishing house into the most famous and reputable publisher of travel guides in the world. In 1909, Leipzig University conferred an honorary Ph.D. (a rare honour at the time) on him at its 500th anniversary convocation. This era in its history

4275-518: The reputable major German publishing houses were located there. He also persuaded Eduard Wagner, the Baedeker cartographer in Darmstadt, to move to Leipzig and establish a new company with Ernst Debes, a talented cartographer from "Justus Perthes" a leading cartography firm in Gotha . The new company was named "Wagner and Debes" with offices adjacent to the new Baedeker address. Herbert Warren Wind ,

4350-486: The running of the firm. 1859−1861: Following the death of Karl Baedeker , his eldest son Ernst Baedeker (1833−1861) became the head of the firm. After his training as a bookseller in Braunschweig , Leipzig and Stuttgart , he had spent some time at the English publishing house "Williams & Norgate" in London. On New Year's Day, 1859, he joined his father's publishing firm as a partner and just ten months later he

4425-745: The sheer technical skill of the staff at Wagner & Debes that kept the Baedeker guides well ahead of their rivals in this particular aspect of publishing. Michael Wild, the Baedeker chronicler , refers to the Baedeker maps as a feast for the eye. The expansion was fast and furious. New editions were now printed by several Leipzig printers, but the bulk of the revised editions of pre-1872 guides continued to be printed where all Baedeker guides had been produced before—the G.D. Baedeker printing works in Essen . Fritz ventured into territory none of his predecessors had covered before, inside and outside Europe e.g. Russia, Sweden, Norway, Palestine, Syria, Egypt, Greece,

4500-400: The source cited here) Karl, afflicted with an incurable mental condition, moved to a sanatorium near Esslingen am Neckar where he remained for the rest of his life. 1869−1925: Under Fritz Baedeker (1844−1925) the company grew rapidly. In 1870, the Baedeker bookselling business was sold. In 1872, he moved the company's headquarters from Koblenz to Leipzig , a major move forward, as most of

4575-411: The text and Mair the finished product. The Baedekers Autoführer-Verlag , Stuttgart was born. The slim guides called Baedekers Shell-Autoführer (Baedekers Shell Guides) were designed to fit into a man's jacket pocket or in the glove compartment of a car. The first ones covered Germany and were a huge success. Guides on other European countries followed in both German and English. Karl Friedrich

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4650-520: The title, with the German editions doing the same in 2013. This marked the beginning of a new era in the appearance and content of modern Baedekers under the catchphrase " Wissen öffnet Welten " ("Knowledge opens worlds"). The previous German editions had four main sections: "Background", "Tours", "Destinations from A to Z" and "Practical Information from A to Z". MairDumont added a fifth section in each guidebook entitled " Erleben und Geniessen " ("Experience and Enjoy"). These new Baedeker guides were

4725-720: The top flight of UK women's basketball, the WBBL . In 2017, the team won the WBBL Trophy , defeating the Leicester Riders 82-67 in the final in Glasgow. Sevenoaks Hockey Club is a large club with a clubhouse at The Vine Pavilion. HC Knole Park is also based in Sevenoaks. Sevenoaks has two leisure centres and many sports and other activities are available. The Stag Theatre, cinema and the Plaza music and conference complex

4800-461: The town and its villages. There is one mixed state secondary school, the Knole Academy , which was created in 2009 from an amalgamation of Wildernesse School (for boys) and Bradbourne School (for girls), and four state primary schools, one of which is Church of England and another of which is Catholic. Lady Boswell's C of E Primary School on Plymouth Drive dates back to 1675 and is one of

4875-689: The town had a population of 24,987 at the 2011 census. Sevenoaks, like much of West Kent , is characterised by high levels of economic activity and a skilled resident workforce. A large proportion of that workforce commutes elsewhere to their places of employment, mostly to central London. Those factors have led to high house prices and pressure on the local area to build more houses. Many of those houses attract high prices, making it difficult for people to buy property. A wide range of middle-class occupations are in short supply locally. Industries such as finance and business services tend to predominate. Transport links are generally very busy and town centre congestion

4950-598: The two finest Baedeker travel guides ever published. Hans Baedeker's released 10 guidebooks in German between 1928 and 1942. Several were commissioned by the Nazis , who had been vetting Baedeker guides, proposing and effecting changes in the text, as they saw fit, and laying down to whom certain guides could be sold. Baedeker was asked to publish a guidebook for the German Army of Occupation in Poland, with history written as

5025-563: Was brought to an end by the outbreak of World War I , after which the house of Baedeker went into decline, the victim of the post-war international geopolitical and economic conditions. Consequently, in 1920, Fritz broke with tradition and for some time thereafter, Baedeker guides to German cities and regions carried a limited amount of advertising. Fritz Baedeker's released 39 guidebooks in German from 1872 to 1925, and 21 in English from 1872 to 1914. Twelve French titles were published between 1882 and 1910. 1925−1943: Hans Baedeker (1874−1959),

5100-527: Was created, additional to his other title of Holmesdale , Baron Amherst of Montreal. In 1926 the house was sold to Julius Runge, a businessman, who allowed it to fall into disrepair. The house was demolished in 1936 and replaced between 1952 and 1963 by a housing development promoted by a local builder, William Fasey. Montreal Park Lake is owned by the Holmesdale Angling and Conservation Society. Today all that remains to remind us of Lord Amherst

5175-410: Was derailed hauling a Cannon Street to Deal express, knocking a road bridge and killing 13 passengers. The locomotive crew survived. The entire K class was subsequently rebuilt to prevent such an event from occurring again. The accident called into question the quality of track laying in the area. A number of institutions provided healthcare in the 19-20th centuries including: Sevenoaks is governed by

5250-440: Was formerly a major local employer. Located to the south-east of the town is Knole Park , within which lies Knole House . Educational establishments in the town include Trinity School , Knole Academy , and the independent Sevenoaks School . In 1100 the name of the settlement was recorded as Seouenaca (here the "v" is interchangeable with "u" ), in turn derived from the 10th-century Old English seofon combined with ac :

5325-480: Was in the British zone. Here, he worked in local government until 1948, latterly sorting out the Schleswig-Holstein archives when he decided to revive the family publishing business under the name of Karl Baedeker . His uncle Hans had decided to stay on in Leipzig, which was now under the jurisdiction of the Russians who had not granted him a publishing licence. However, they were very close and Karl could draw on his uncle's experience to get things going. Even before

5400-483: Was now operating on two fronts. He continued to produce city and regional guides from Malente and with the publication of his 1954 Berlin guide in German, English and French, the Baedeker brand had been well and truly re-established. Florian, his only son, was by his side and his cousin Hans, the son of his uncle Dietrich, was engaged in producing the motoring guides from Stuttgart . Dietrich's other son Otto also helped run

5475-519: Was one of the earliest in the county to be turnpiked in 1709, because of the clay soils. The valley to the north is that of the River Darent ; that river turns to the north to cut through the North Downs . Several lakes are located along the course of the river here, the result of the extraction of sand and gravel in the past. The built-up area of the town has developed primarily along

5550-577: Was running it on his own. His tenure at the helm of the firm saw the publication of three new travel guides in 1861 viz the first Baedeker travel guide in English, the handbook on "The Rhine " (from Switzerland to Holland), a guide in German on Italy ( Ober-Italien ), the first of a series on Italy, which his father had planned and one in French, also on Italy ( Italie septentrionale ). Ernst Baedeker died unexpectedly on 23 July 1861 of sunstroke in Egypt and his younger brother, Karl, assumed charge of

5625-642: Was the son of Karl Baedeker III, who was killed in action at the Battle of Liège in 1914. He had worked as an editor at the firm before the outbreak of the Second World War . During the war, he saw active service and rose to the rank of captain. Towards the closing stages of the war, he was taken prisoner in Austria by the Americans. After the war, he moved to Malente-Gremsmühlen in Schleswig-Holstein , where his wife and sister were living and which

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