Misplaced Pages

#241758

33-621: Its network is 144 km (89.5 mi) long and stretches from Disentis in the canton of Graubünden to Zermatt in the canton of Wallis , by way of the Oberalp Pass and Andermatt in the canton of Uri , the Furka Base Tunnel , Brig , and Visp . From Andermatt, a branch line (the formerly independent Schöllenenbahn ) extends to Göschenen , at the northern end of the Gotthard Rail Tunnel . The network

66-741: Is 15.34 km (9.53 mi) long. The old line, the scenic route, which is very attractive to tourists, is operated by the Dampfbahn Furka-Bergstrecke (DFB) (" Furka Heritage Railway ") using veteran steam engines. There is a connection to the Rhaetian Railway in Disentis and the Glacier Express runs from Zermatt to St. Moritz , using stock from both companies. Apart from the Glacier Express,

99-552: Is 215 people or 9.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 169 people or 7.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 113 people or 5.2% who are between 80 and 89 there are 29 people or 1.3% who are between 90 and 99. In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 66.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (17.4%), the SP (9.9%) and

132-404: Is a resort offering 150 kilometers (93 mi) of hiking trails in summer and 30 km (19 mi) of cross country tracks in winter. For alpine skiers there are 6 ski lift up to 2833m. There are 14 hotels and 21 restaurants, and together with neighbour municipality Sedrun, Disentis offers a total of 10,000 beds in hotels and holiday apartments. The Basilica of S. Gada , Disentis Abbey ,

165-477: Is an adhesion railway but using Abt rack assistance on the steeper inclines. Between Realp and Oberwald the line formerly crossed the Furka Pass , at a crest elevation of 2,162 m (7,093 ft) above sea level with a 1.87 km (1.16 mi) tunnel passing beneath the pass. This compares to a crest elevation of just 1,564 m (5,131 ft) above sea level in today's Furka Base Tunnel , which

198-548: Is composed of three companies: the Matterhorn Gotthard AG (MGB) emerged from a rebranding of BVZ, the Matterhorn Gotthard infrastructure AG (MGI) is the former FO, and a new stock company Matterhorn Gotthard railway (MGM) has been established as a management umbrella. The MGB has taken over FO's operations and has turned over BVZ's infrastructure to MGI in exchange. The MGB is majority owned by

231-608: Is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). Before 2017, the municipality was located in the Disentis sub-district of the Surselva district (which was, until the end of 2000, the Vorderrhein district). It is the largest of the seven municipalities that make up the Disentis sub-district and is the capital. It consists of the center village of Mustér-Vitg and the neighboring villages of Mompé-Tujetsch, Segnes, Acletta, Funs/Clavaniev, Disla, Cavardiras and Mompé-Medel. Except for

264-677: The Vorderrhein and Hinterrhein valleys, Raetia . The name Grey League is derived from the homespun grey clothes worn by the people. The league became part of the canton of Graubünden . The Grey League allied itself to the two other powers of Raetia in 1471, forming the Three Leagues . It was also an associate and ally of the Swiss Confederation and played a role in the buildup to the Thirty Years' War . In

297-705: The BVZ Holding AG (which also owns the Gornergratbahn AG (GGB)), whereas the MGI shares are held by the Swiss federal government and the cantons, MGM is owned by BVZ Holding and the public sector in equal shares. Disentis Mustér ( [muˈʃteː] , Romansh ) or Disentis (German), with its official name Disentis/Mustér is a village and a municipality in the Surselva Region in

330-637: The Chapel of S. Luzi in Disla, the Chapel of S. Maria in Acletta and the Punt Russein bridge (shared with Sumvitg ) are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance . Disentis/Mustér has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 2,009. As of 2008 , 8.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -4.7%. As of 2000 ,

363-540: The FDP (5.3%). The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Disentis/Mustér about 64.5% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Disentis/Mustér has an unemployment rate of 0.79%. As of 2005 , there were 107 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 43 businesses involved in this sector. 341 people are employed in

SECTION 10

#1732773363242

396-543: The Napoleonic dissolution of the League. However the League was not a unified state in the modern sense. The Three Leagues worked together as a federation of three states and virtually all affairs of the League were settled by referendum . The Three Leagues were also unique in early modern Europe in that it was the only territory in which all decisions were made cooperatively. The Three Leagues were normally allied with

429-661: The Swiss canton of Grisons . The skiing and summer tourism resort high up in the Rhine valley is the site of one of the oldest Benedictine monasteries in Switzerland. The monastery dates back to 720, its huge current complex dates from 1696 to 1712. Disentis is first mentioned in 765 as Desertina . In 1127 it was mentioned as monasterium Dissertinensis . The name Disentis is supposed to come from Latin Desertina, used for

462-645: The Ticino meet. It has a station where the line from Brig meets the line from Chur and is connected by train and road to the Valais via the Oberalp pass and to Chur following the Rhine valley. The Lukmanier pass road is in summer served by a post bus line. Most of the population (as of 2000 ) speaks Romansh (75.3%), with German being second most common (20.4%) and Portuguese third (1.4%). The official language of

495-620: The Vorderrhein together with delegates from the Court Municipalities in Ilanz created an "eternal alliance". Since the alliance was predominantly located in the high country, it was also known as Part Sura ( German : Ober Bund or High Alliance). Five days later, Count Johann von Werdenberg-Sargans joined the League at Flimserwald . The League was more than just a military alliance. It included increasing security on

528-481: The secondary sector and there are 29 businesses in this sector. 719 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 102 businesses in this sector. The historical population is given in the following table: From the 2000 census , 1,954 or 90.0% are Roman Catholic , while 79 or 3.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there are 8 individuals (or about 0.37% of

561-519: The League now controlled the strategic Spluegen and San Bernardino passes in addition to the Lukmanier Pass in the Vorderrhein valley. On April 23, 1480, the upper Mesolcina ( German : Misox ) valley joined the League. Then, in 1496 the rest of the valley joined the League. In both 1406 and 1525 a portion of the League of God's House joined the League, and in 1440 Chur (the leader of

594-628: The League of God's House) joined. In 1471 the League of the Ten Jurisdictions joined the League. The combination of the Grey League, the League of God's House and the League of the Ten Jurisdictions became known as the Three Leagues . After about 1471 the three separate Leagues were allied together as the Three Leagues. The Bundesbrief of September 23, 1524, created a constitution for the Three Leagues that would remain until

627-458: The League. The entire Vorderrhein valley was now part of the League. On May 25, 1400, the League formed another alliance with Glarus which opened up the southern passes to Glarus' cattle dealers and other traders. On March 16, 1424, the League met under a legendary maple tree in Trun to reaffirm and expand the League. From this time on, the name Grey League was exclusively used. Grey refers to

660-466: The current schedule sees passenger trains commuting between Brig and Zermatt, Brig and Göschenen, as well as Andermatt and Disentis. MGB also operates two car shuttle trains : between Realp and Oberwald through Furka Base Tunnel, and between Andermatt and Sedrun . Large-scale freight traffic only takes place between Visp and Zermatt and between Disentis and the NRLA construction site near Sedrun. The MGB

693-566: The deserted valley in late antique times, while the Romansh name Mustér refers to the monastery. Disentis Abbey, founded in ca. 720, was already in early medieval times the cultural and political center of the later Grisons. Situated on the road to the Lukmanier pass used by the German emperors on their way to Italy, Disentis became a place of international importance in the high Middle Ages and

SECTION 20

#1732773363242

726-581: The gender distribution of the population was 51.1% male and 48.9% female. The age distribution, as of 2000 , in Disentis/Mustér is; 219 children or 10.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 343 teenagers or 15.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 207 people or 9.5% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 289 people or 13.3% are between 30 and 39, 316 people or 14.5% are between 40 and 49, and 272 people or 12.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution

759-463: The grey homespun woolen clothing that was abundant in the region. Trun was set aside as the seat of the impartial League Court, which would be the highest civilian appeals court. Initially twelve judges were appointed, which was later expanded to fifteen. In 1424 the communities of the Hinterrhein valley, Heinzenberg-Thusis , Schams and Rheinwald , fully joined the League. With this expansion

792-573: The late twelfth century, the communities in the valleys in Raetia were generally small and independent. There were very few large landholders and no central authority. For years blood feuds and battles had raged between the Lords of Belmont , Werdenberg , Rhäzüns and the Bishop of Chur as well as minor nobles. The constant warfare had seriously damaged trade and transportation in the region. To reduce

825-499: The municipality is the Sursilvan dialect of Romansh. While Swiss German and German are spoken by most people as second and third languages respectively, the local laws are only in Romansh. Disentis is one of the most important centers of the Romansh language, especially of its Sursilvan dialect. It also plays an important role as cultural center through the high school of the monastery. Tourism started around 1870 and today Disentis

858-892: The population) did not answer the question. The municipality has four railway stations: Disentis/Mustér , Acla da Fontauna , Segnas , and Mumpé Tujetsch . The first of these is located at the junction of the Reichenau-Tamins–Disentis/Mustér line and the Furka Oberalp line , while the latter three are located to the west on the Furka Oberalp line. Between them there is regular service to Scuol-Tarasp , Zermatt , Andermatt , and St. Moritz . Grey League The Grey League ( German : Grauer Bund , Italian : Lega Grigia , Romansh : Ligia Grischa or Lia Grischa [ˈliːɐ ˈɡʁiːʒɐ] ), sometimes called Oberbund , formed in 1395 in

891-527: The population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 5 individuals (or about 0.23% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are 16 (or about 0.74% of the population) who are Islamic . There are 6 individuals (or about 0.28% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 42 (or about 1.93% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 67 individuals (or about 3.08% of

924-550: The prince abbot of Disentis was the lord of the Rhine valley. In the later Middle Ages, the farmer communities in the valleys became stronger and the influence of the monastery decreased, but the abbot of Disentis still played an important role in the founding of the Grey League in 1395. When the Grey League became a formal ally of the Swiss Confederation in 1497, Disentis, at the foot of the Oberalp pass which

957-478: The roads, and required free trade within the League. Laws were standardized and even commoners were granted protection and the right to a court trial. Severe punishments were put in place for murder , manslaughter , robbery and theft . A catalog of crimes, punishments and rights, known as the Landfrieden or Peaceful Land, was established. The Landfrieden standardized laws and punishments, which increased

990-533: The rule of law. Under the Landfrieden conflicts had to be resolved through the courts and not through open conflict. Landfrieden was the first step from arbitrary punishments handed out by the injured party to a modern penal system . On April 4, 1399, the ruler of Hohentrins (who was sworn to the Count of Werdenberg-Heiligenburg) and the people of Trin , Tamins and the toll bridge to Reichenau joined

1023-509: The two Mompé villages, all the villages contain multiple scattered settlements. The settlement of Brulf near Disentis village was covered in a rockslide in 1689. Until 1963 Disentis/Mustér was known as Disentis/Mustèr. Disentis lies on the highest step of the Rhine valley, where the roads of the Oberalp pass coming from central and western Switzerland and of the Lukmanier pass coming from

Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-503: The violence and encourage trade, the leaders and nobles of the valleys proposed forming a league or alliance. This alliance was known as the Grey League . The Grey League was founded through the alliance of 21 communities from the Vorderrhein and Hinterrhein valleys in the Alps . On February 14, 1395, the three main nobles (the abbot of Disentis , Johannes von Ilanz , Baron Ulrich II von Rhäzüns and Baron Albert von Sax-Misox ) of

1089-416: Was the nearest connection to the confederation, was again in a strategically important situation, but later on it was overtaken in importance by the larger Ilanz . Disentis/Mustér has an area, as of 2006 , of 91.1 km (35.2 sq mi). Of this area, 21.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 22% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (54.3%)

#241758