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30-940: [REDACTED] Look up maur in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Maur may refer to: St Maurus Maur, India Maur, Switzerland Maur, the Black Dragon in The Hero and the Crown by Robin McKinley Mangaung Regiment , an infantry regiment of the South African Army See also [ edit ] Auf der Maur (surname) Maurus (disambiguation) Saint-Maur (disambiguation) St. Maur (disambiguation) Von Maur , an American department store Topics referred to by

60-553: A fine, or to both. Any offence at common law of forgery is abolished. The abolition of a common law offence of forgery does not affect proceedings for any such offence committed before its abolition. Except as regards offences committed before the commencement of the Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001 and except where the context otherwise requires, without prejudice to section 65(4)(a) of that Act, references to forgery must be construed in accordance with

90-459: A forged physical object. The similar crime of fraud is the crime of deceiving another, including through the use of objects obtained through forgery. Forgery is one of the techniques of fraud, including identity theft . Forgery is one of the threats addressed by security engineering . In the 16th century, imitators of Albrecht Dürer 's style of printmaking improved the market for their own prints by signing them "AD", making them forgeries. In

120-539: A group of monks to travel from Benedict's new abbey of Monte Cassino to establish monastic life in France according to the Rule of St. Benedict . The Life recounts the long journey of Maurus and his companions from Italy to France, accompanied by many adventures and miracles as Maurus is transformed from the youthful disciple of Benedict into a powerful, miracle-working holy man in his own right. According to this account, after

150-608: A relic of the true Cross, in hopes of assisting to restore their health. Since it is often impossible to have a relic of the True Cross, in 1959, the Sacred Congregation of Rites granted permission to use the medal of St. Benedict in place of the relic of the True Cross to confer the Blessing. The Congregation of St. Maur took its name from him. The surname "Seymour" is derived from Saint Maur . In art, he

180-461: A revived cult of Placidus. By the late Middle Ages, the cult of Maurus, often associated with that of Placidus, had spread to all Benedictine monasteries . Maurus is venerated even as far as in India, where he is highly honoured in certain areas of the southern state of Kerala. He is the patron of charcoalburners and coppersmiths. The Blessing of Saint Maur is customarily bestowed on the sick with

210-425: Is triable either way . A person guilty of forgery is liable, on conviction on indictment , to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years, or, on summary conviction , to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum , or to both. For offences akin to forgery, see English criminal law#Forgery, personation, and cheating . The common law offence of forgery

240-540: Is a forgery by the late-9th-century abbot of Glanfeuil, Odo. It was composed, as were many such saints' lives in Carolingian France , to popularize local saints' cults. The bones of Maurus were "discovered" at Glanfeuil by one of Odo's immediate predecessors, Gauzlin, in 845. Gauzlin likely invented or at least strongly promoted the cult of Benedict's disciple, taking advantage of Glanfeuil's proximity to two famous and prosperous Benedictine culture centers of

270-652: Is abolished for all purposes not relating to offences committed before the commencement of the Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981. Forgery is not an official offence under the law of Scotland, except in cases where statute provides otherwise. The Forgery of Foreign Bills Act 1803 was repealed in 2013. In the Republic of Ireland , forgery is an offence under section 25(1) of the Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001 which provides: A person

300-531: Is also sometimes depicted with a scale , a reference to the implement used to measure a monk's daily ration of bread, given to him by Benedict when he left Montecassino for France. The monks of Fossés near Paris (whence the community of Glanfeuil had fled from the Vikings in 868) exhibited this implement throughout the Middle Ages. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from a publication now in

330-537: Is an offence under section 1 of the Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981 , which provides: A person is guilty of forgery if he makes a false instrument, with the intention that he or another shall use it to induce somebody to accept it as genuine, and by reason of so accepting it to do or not to do some act to his own or any other person’s prejudice. "Instrument" is defined by section 8, "makes" and "false" by section 9, and "induce" and "prejudice" by section 10. Forgery

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360-454: Is depicted as a young man in the garb of a monk , usually holding an abbot's cross or sometimes with a spade (an allusion to the monastery of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés , literally "Saint Maurus of the Ditches"). Another of Maurus' attributes is a crutch , in reference to his patronage of cripples. He was invoked especially against fever, and also against rheumatism , epilepsy , and gout . He

390-450: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages St Maurus Four stories involving Maurus recounted by Gregory formed a pattern for the ideal formation of a Benedictine monk. The most famous of these involved Maurus's rescue of Placidus , a younger boy offered to Benedict at the same time as Maurus. The incident has been reproduced in many medieval and Renaissance paintings. Maurus

420-409: Is essentially concerned with a produced or altered object. Where the prime concern of a forgery is less focused on the object itself – what it is worth or what it "proves" – than on a tacit statement of criticism that is revealed by the reactions the object provokes in others, then the larger process is a hoax . In a hoax, a rumor or a genuine object planted in a concocted situation, may substitute for

450-405: Is guilty of forgery if he or she makes a false instrument with the intention that it shall be used to induce another person to accept it as genuine and, by reason of so accepting it, to do some act, or to make some omission, to the prejudice of that person or any other person. A person guilty of forgery is liable, on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years, or to

480-469: Is not related to forgery unless the tampered legal instrument was actually used in the course of the crime to defraud another person or entity. Copies, studio replicas, and reproductions are not considered forgeries, though they may later become forgeries through knowing and willful misrepresentations . Forging money or currency is more often called counterfeiting . But consumer goods may also be counterfeits if they are not manufactured or produced by

510-601: Is venerated on January 15 in the 2001 Roman Martyrology and on the same date along with Placid in the Proper Masses for the Use of the Benedictine Confederation . A long Life of St. Maurus appeared in the late 9th century, supposedly composed by one of Maurus's 6th-century contemporaries. According to this account, the bishop of Le Mans , in western France , sent a delegation asking Benedict for

540-439: The public domain :  Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " St. Maurus ". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. Forgery Forgery is a white-collar crime that generally consists of the false making or material alteration of a legal instrument with the specific intent to defraud . Tampering with a certain legal instrument may be forbidden by law in some jurisdictions but such an offense

570-450: The 20th century the art market made forgeries highly profitable. There are widespread forgeries of especially valued artists, such as drawings originally by Pablo Picasso , Paul Klee , and Henri Matisse . A special case of double forgery is the forging of Vermeer 's paintings by Han van Meegeren , and in its turn the forging of Van Meegeren's work by his son Jacques van Meegeren . In England and Wales and Northern Ireland , forgery

600-511: The Bishop of Mans, sent his vicar, Adenard, to Monte Cassino to request Benedict to send some monks to Gaul. Maurus was dispatched and, during the journey, obtained a number of cures for the sick and injured encountered along the way. Through the generosity of King Theudebert , he founded Glanfeuil Abbey , which he governed for many years. He resigned the abbacy in 581 to spend the remainder of his life in solitude and prayer. The abbey of Glanfeuil,

630-564: The Loire region: the cult of Benedict's bones at Fleury and that of Scholastica 's relics at Le Mans . Maurus was born c. 510, the son of Equitius, a Roman nobleman. At the age of about twelve, Maurus was entrusted to the care of Benedict at Subiaco to be educated. Gregory the Great in the Dialogues recounts a tale wherein the young oblate Placidus was sent to fetch water from the lake and

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660-603: The amount of the loss, yielding eight years in prison. In Connecticut , forgery in the Third Degree, which is a class B misdemeanor is punishable by up to 6 months in jail, a $ 1000 fine, and probation; forgery in the First Degree, which is a class C felony, is punishable by a maximum 10 years in prison, a fine of up to $ 10,000 fine, or both. As to the effect, in the United Kingdom, of a forged signature on

690-474: The designated manufacturer or producer given on the label or flagged by the trademark symbol. When the object forged is a record or document it is often called a false document . This usage of "forgery" does not derive from metalwork done at a blacksmith's forge , but it has a parallel history. A sense of "to counterfeit " is already in the Anglo-French verb forger , meaning "falsify". A forgery

720-533: The great pilgrimage to Francia, Maurus founded Glanfeuil Abbey as the first Benedictine monastery in Gaul. It was located on the south bank of the Loire river, a few miles east of Angers . The nave of its thirteenth-century church and some vineyards remain today (according to tradition, the chenin grape was first cultivated at this monastery.) Scholars such as Hippolyte Delehaye believe that this Life of Maurus

750-434: The intent to defraud, knowing that he or she has no authority to do so." The written document usually has to be an instrument of legal significance. Punishments for forgery vary widely. In California, forgery for an amount under $ 950 can result in misdemeanor charges and no jail time, while a forgery involving a loss of over $ 500,000 can result in three years in prison for the forgery plus a five-year "conduct enhancement" for

780-542: The provisions of that Act. Forgery is an offence under sections 366, 367 and 368 of the Canadian Criminal Code . The offence is a hybrid offence , subject to a maximum prison sentence of: Forgery is a crime in all jurisdictions within the United States , both state and federal. Most states, including California , describe forgery as occurring when a person alters a written document "with

810-543: The relics were relocated to Saint-Germain-des-Prés , where they remained until dispersed by a Parisian mob during the French Revolution . Maurus is still venerated by Benedictine congregations today, many monks adopting his name and dedicating monasteries to his patronage. The cult of Maurus slowly spread to monasteries throughout France and by the 11th century had been adopted by Monte Cassino in Italy, along with

840-444: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Maur . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maur&oldid=1029766121 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

870-587: Was carried away by the current. Realizing this, Benedict sent Maurus to rescue the boy. Hurrying to reach Placidus, Maurus ran out upon the water. After bringing Placidus back to shore, Maurus attributed the miracle to the prayers of Benedict; the abbot, to his disciple's obedience. Maurus was ordained a deacon, and subsequently Benedict, prior to leaving for Monte Cassino, appointed him coadjutor at Subiaco. During his tenure, various miraculous cures were attributed to his prayers. Around 528, Benedict summoned Maurus to join him at Monte Cassino. Around 543, Innocentius,

900-400: Was later called St. Maur-sur-Loire. Maurus died at Glanfeuil Abbey 15 January 584. Maurus was originally buried in the abbey church at Glanfeuil. When, in 868, Odo and the monks of Glanfeuil were obliged to flee to Paris in the face of Vikings marauding along the Loire, the remains of Maurus were translated to the abbey of Saint-Pierre-des-Fossés, later renamed Saint-Maur-des-Fossés . In 1750

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