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36-745: The Madison Vocation School is a Collegiate Gothic -style structure begun in 1921 one block north of the Capitol building in Madison, Wisconsin . In 2019 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places . In the early 1900s the Wisconsin legislature recognized that some youths who had not finished high school needed more education, and passed the Continuation School Act in 1911. The Madison Continuation School opened

72-710: A general stopping place for many architects who would later become famous in their own right. In 1923, the annual T-Square club exhibition catalog published a photograph of the Cope & Stewardson office from about 1899. Included among the partners and younger architects were: Walter Cope, John A. MacMahon, James O. Betelle (later of Newark, New Jersey ); Emlyn Stewardson, S. A. Cloud, Wetherill P. Trout, Herbert C. Wise , James P. Jamieson , Eugene S. Powers, E. Perot Bissell, Louise Stavely, Charles H. Bauer (later of Newark, New Jersey), William Woodburn Potter, John Molitor, Camillo Porecca, and C. Wharton Churchman. In 1860, Walter Cope

108-621: A handwritten description of his own "English Collegiate Gothic Mansion" of 1853 for the Harrals of Bridgeport, Connecticut. By the 1890s, the movement was known as "Collegiate Gothic". In his praise for Cope & Stewardson's Quadrangle Dormitories at the University of Pennsylvania , architect Ralph Adams Cram revealed some of the racial and cultural implications underlying the Collegiate Gothic: It was, of course, in

144-533: A measure. American heroism harks back to English heroism; the blood shed before Manila and on San Juan Hill was the same blood that flowed at Bosworth Field , Flodden , and the Boyne . Therefore the British base of the design is indispensable, for such were the racial foundations. Collegiate Gothic complexes were most often horizontal compositions, save for a single tower or towers serving as an exclamation. At

180-472: A row of vigorous French Gothic-inspired buildings for Trinity College – Seabury Hall, Northam Tower, Jarvis Hall (all completed 1878) – in Hartford, Connecticut . Tastes became more conservative in the 1880s, and "collegiate architecture soon after came to prefer a more scholarly and less restless Gothic." Beginning in the late-1880s, Philadelphia architects Walter Cope and John Stewardson expanded

216-645: A skating accident on the Schuylkill River , where he had gone for an afternoon's outing with his friend, the architect Wilson Eyre . Following his funeral his fellow architects established a fund, now known as the prestigious Stewardson Fellowship, which is awarded annually to promising young architects from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to study architecture abroad. He is interred with a modest marker at Philadelphia's Laurel Hill Cemetery , Section 14, Plots 235&236. Walter Cope designed more than

252-619: Is both the world's second tallest university building and Gothic-styled edifice. The tower contain a half-acre Gothic hall supported only by its 52-foot (16 m) tall arches. It is accompanied by the campus's other Gothic Revival structures by Klauder, including the Stephen Foster Memorial (1935–1937) and the French Gothic Heinz Memorial Chapel (1933–1938). A number of colleges and universities have commissioned major new buildings in

288-563: Is credited with the taste for English Gothic Revival which Cope & Stewardson used in their collegiate buildings. Talbot Hamlin , in his biographical description, for the Dictionary of American Biography notes that, following Stewardson's trip to England in 1894, the buildings at the University of Pennsylvania, which were on the boards at the time, changed from stone structures to brick with stone trim. Stewardson died in 1896 after

324-575: Is widely considered to be the resulting beautiful and sophisticated Yale campus. Rogers was criticized by the growing Modernist movement. His cathedral-like Sterling Memorial Library (1927–1930), with its ecclesiastical imagery and lavish use of ornament, came under vocal attack from one of Yale's own undergraduates: A modern building constructed for purely modern needs has no excuse for going off in an orgy of meretricious medievalism and stale iconography. Other architects, notably John Russell Pope and Bertram Goodhue (who just before his death sketched

360-735: The City College of New York 's new campus (1903–1907) at Hamilton Heights, Manhattan , in the style. The style was experienced up-close by a wide audience at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis , Missouri. The World's Fair and 1904 Olympic Games were held on the newly completed campus of Washington University , which delayed occupying its buildings until 1905. The movement gained further momentum when Charles Donagh Maginnis designed Gasson Hall at Boston College in 1908. Maginnis & Walsh went on to design Collegiate Gothic buildings at some twenty-five other campuses, including

396-728: The University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1894, and immediately removed Frank Furness as unofficial campus architect, replacing him with Cope & Stewardson. Under Harrison, the university embarked on the biggest building boom in its history, with Cope & Stewardson designing the mammoth Quadrangle dormitories and new buildings for the engineering school, medical school, dental school, veterinary school, law school, zoological labs and English department – most clad in Collegiate Gothic. The firm also collaborated with architects Wilson Eyre and Frank Miles Day on

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432-487: The University of Pittsburgh , Charles Klauder was commissioned by University of Pittsburgh chancellor John Gabbert Bowman to design a tall building in the form of a Gothic tower. What he produced, the Cathedral of Learning (1926–37), has been described as the literal culmination of late Gothic Revival architecture. A combination of Gothic spire and modern skyscraper, the steel-frame, limestone-clad, 42-story structure

468-565: The Collegiate Gothic style in recent years. These include Princeton University's Whitman College , designed by Porphyrios Associates , and Benjamin Franklin College and Pauli Murray College , both designed by Robert A.M. Stern Architects , at Yale University. The University of Southern California's USC Village was created as an inexpensive post-modern nod to collegiate revival. (Harley Ellis Devereaux, 2017). Cope and Stewardson#Walter Cope Cope and Stewardson (1885–1912)

504-566: The Collegiate Gothic style which swept campuses across the country in the latter part of the nineteenth century, they were equally adept at other styles. Their first important commission was the main YMCA for Richmond, Virginia (1885–87), designed in a Richardsonian Romanesque style. Their earliest major Collegiate Gothic building was Radnor Hall at Bryn Mawr College , built in 1886, where they replaced Cope's mentor Addison Hutton as campus architects. Commissions shortly followed for buildings on

540-559: The University of Pennsylvania and then joined the Atelier Pascal in Paris, France. In 1882 he returned to Philadelphia, working first in T. P. Chandler 's office and then in the office of Frank Furness . In 1884 he returned to Europe to travel through Italy and Belgium. A year later, he joined in personal practice with Walter Cope. They were joined in 1887 by John's younger brother Emlyn L. Stewardson, who had recently graduated from

576-627: The University of Pennsylvania with a degree in civil engineering . In 1892, Stewardson joined the University of Pennsylvania as staff lecturer in their new School of Architecture. He was also one of the founding members of the T-Square Club , serving in 1885 and 1891 as president of that organization. He also served as treasurer of the Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1886. He

612-572: The campus of Bryn Mawr College in an understated English Gothic style that was highly sensitive to site and materials. Inspired by the architecture of Oxford and Cambridge universities, and historicists but not literal copyists, Cope & Stewardson were highly influential in establishing the Collegiate Gothic style. Commissions followed for collections of buildings at the University of Pennsylvania (1895–1911), Princeton University (1896–1902), and Washington University in St. Louis (1899–1909), marking

648-597: The campuses of Bryn Mawr College , Princeton University , the University of Pennsylvania , and Washington University in St. Louis . They also designed nine cottages and an administrative building at the Sleighton School, which showed their adaptability to other styles, because their buildings here were Colonial Revival with Federal influences. In 1912, the firm was succeeded by Stewardson and Page formed by Emlyn Stewardson and George Bispham Page. Although Walter Cope and John Stewardson were major exponents of

684-486: The campuses of American colleges. Examples include Worcester Polytechnic Institute (Boynton Hall, 1868, by Stephen C. Earle ); Yale College ( Farnam Hall , 1869–70, by Russell Sturgis ); the University of Pennsylvania ( College Hall , 1870–72, Thomas W. Richards); Harvard College ( Memorial Hall , 1870–77, William Robert Ware and Henry Van Brunt ); and Cornell University ( Sage Hall (1871–75, Charles Babcock ). In 1871, English architect William Burges designed

720-559: The campuses of the University of Pennsylvania , Princeton University , and Washington University in St. Louis , which served as administrative buildings for the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair . Although these academic buildings were their hallmark, other projects included residential, commercial, institution, and industrial buildings. The firm designed Philadelphia buildings for the Harrison brothers, heirs to an enormous sugar-refining fortune. The Charles Custis Harrison Building (1893–94)

756-547: The executive committee. He was also a Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania from 1892 to 1902. After teaching at Penn, he became a Professor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. He died after suffering a stroke in 1902. Cope was also part of the investigating committee appointed to study conditions governing the new State Capitol Building competition in 1901. From 1896 to 1898 he

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792-470: The following year, providing instruction in the trades, "but also literature, math, social sciences and the arts, and help[ed] to fulfill a primary goal of public education: training for good citizenship." The school's name was changed to Madison Vocational School in 1916 and it moved to this site in 1921, in a new building designed by Ferdinand Kronenberg, four stories of brick in Collegiate Gothic style. A 1949 addition designed by Law, Law, Potter and Nystrom

828-527: The great group of dormitories for the University of Pennsylvania that Cope and Stewardson first came before the entire country as the great exponents of architectural poetry and of the importance of historical continuity and the connotation of scholasticism . These buildings are among the most remarkable yet built in America ... First of all, let it be said at once that primarily they are what they should be: scholastic in inspiration and effect, and scholastic of

864-459: The initial phases of the Arts & Crafts -style University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (1895–99). As important as their contribution to the architecture of Philadelphia and its environs is the role which Cope & Stewardson played in architectural education. Great numbers of young apprentices and would-be architects passed their days of training in the office, making it

900-522: The main buildings at Emmanuel College (Massachusetts), and the law school at the University of Notre Dame . Ralph Adams Cram designed a series of Collegiate Gothic buildings for the Princeton University Graduate College (1911–1917). James Gamble Rogers did extensive work at Yale University , beginning in 1917. Some critics claim he took historicist fantasy to an extreme, while others choose to focus on what

936-544: The model for other library buildings. James Renwick Jr. 's Free Academy Building (1847–49, demolished 1928), for what is today City College of New York , continued in the style. Inspired by London's Hampton Court Palace , Swedish-born Charles Ulricson designed Old Main (1856–57) at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois . Following the Civil War , many idiosyncratic High Victorian Gothic buildings were added to

972-495: The nascent beginnings of a movement that transformed many college campuses across the country. In 1901, the firm of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge created a master plan for a Collegiate Gothic campus for the fledgling University of Chicago , then spent the next 15 years completing it. Some of their works, such as the Mitchell Tower (1901–1908), were near-literal copies of historic buildings. George Browne Post designed

1008-420: The original version of Yale's Sterling Library from which Rogers worked), advocated for and contributed to Yale's particular version of Collegiate Gothic. When McMaster University moved to Hamilton, Ontario , Canadian architect William Lyon Somerville designed its new campus (1928–1930) in the style. American architect Alexander Jackson Davis is "generally credited with coining the term" documented in

1044-665: The power to bend men and sway them as few have who depended on the spoken word. It is for us, as part of our duty as our highest privilege to act...for spreading what is true." Gothic Revival architecture was used for American college buildings as early as 1829, when "Old Kenyon" was completed on the campus of Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio . Another early example was Alexander Jackson Davis 's University Hall (1833–37, demolished 1890), on New York University 's Washington Square campus. Richard Bond 's church-like library for Harvard College, Gore Hall (1837–41, demolished 1913), became

1080-594: The southwest corner of 15th and Market Streets, opposite Broad Street Station . Demolished in 1969, the site is now occupied by the Centre Square Building and Claes Oldenburg 's Clothespin . The firm also designed " Anoatak ," the Georgian Revival style home of Civil War General Thomas L. Kane and Dr. Elizabeth Kane in Kane, Pennsylvania . Charles Custis Harrison became provost of

1116-604: The type that is ours by inheritance; of Oxford and Cambridge , not of Padua or Wittenberg or Paris . They are picturesque also, even dramatic; they are altogether wonderful in mass and in composition. If they are not a constant inspiration to those who dwell within their walls or pass through their "quads" or their vaulted archways, it is not their fault but that of the men themselves. The [Spanish-American War Memorial] tower has been severely criticized as an archaeological abstraction reared to commemorate contemporary American heroism. The criticism seems just to me, though only in

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1152-413: Was a Philadelphia architecture firm founded by Walter Cope and John Stewardson , and best known for its Collegiate Gothic building and campus designs. Cope and Stewardson established the firm in 1885, and were joined by John's brother Emlyn in 1887. It went on to become one of the most influential and prolific firms of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. They made formative additions to

1188-491: Was a Richardsonian Romanesque office building at 10th and Market Streets . It was demolished in 1979 to build The Gallery at Market East , an urban shopping mall. Directly north of it was the Harrison Stores (1893–94), a block-long commercial building and warehouse. This burned in 1984 during a renovation, and was demolished. The Alfred Craven Harrison Building (1894–95) was a chateauesque hotel and office tower at

1224-683: Was born in Philadelphia to Thomas P. Cope and Elizabeth Waln Stokes Cope. After graduating from the Germantown Friends School , he attended classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1883. In 1885 the firm of Cope & Stewardson was established. Cope was a founding member of the T-Square Club in 1883 and later served as vice-president, secretary, treasurer, president, and as a member of

1260-482: Was chairman of the committee on the restoration of Independence Hall . John Stewardson, son of Thomas and Margaret Haines Stewardson, was born in 1858. His early education had been in private Christian schools in the Philadelphia area. He continued his studies at Adams Academy in Quincy, Massachusetts, from 1873 to 1877. After graduation, he entered Harvard College , but left in 1878. He briefly continued his studies at

1296-568: Was simpler in style and was expanded in 1964. The school's name was changed again in 1967 to Madison Area Technical College . The college has since sold the building, and it proposed plans to convert it into a hotel building. Collegiate Gothic Ralph Adams Cram , arguably the leading Gothic Revival architect and theoretician in the early 20th century, wrote about the appeal of the Gothic for educational facilities in his book The Gothic Quest: "Through architecture and its allied arts we have

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