43-669: Madugula is a village in Anakapalli district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India . It was also known as Vaddadi or Vaddadimadugula and was founded by the rulers of the Matsya dynasty. Later, it merged into the kingdom of Nandapur–Jeypore and during the British Raj it remained an independent Zamindari for sometime. Later, in 1915 the zamindaris of Madugula and Pachipenta were purchased by Maharaja Vikram Dev III and they became
86-585: A devotee of Chaitanya who had obstructed the view of the Gajapati by standing in front him and then slapped the general when he tried to move him away. In his first meeting with the saint after a long wait and as planned by his disciples, he began reciting a verse from ‘Gopi Gita’, mentioned in Shrimad Bhagavatam and won the attention of Chaitanya. He presented the saint with a painting of Krishna so that he can meditate on it. Ramananda Rai records about
129-532: A part of Jeypore Samasthanam and were governed by the Maharaja of Jeypore until 1947. The rulers of the Matsya dynasty were the southernmost vassals of the Eastern Ganga dynasty that ruled over Kalinga from 5th century - 15th century and the capital of the Matsya kings was known as 'Vaddadi' derived from the word 'Odda-Adi' which meant the beginning of Odra desh (country of Odia people ). Later, it
172-488: A seize on the fort in the year 1512. A brave defensive hold out and consistent fight across the outer wall of the fort continued for 18 months without any help reaching to the combatants from Odisha. Portuguese-Jewish traveler Fernao Nunes accompanying the Vijayanagara Emperor writes that as the generals of Krishnadeva Raya failed to capture the fort, he himself took the charge. Nunes also mentions that there
215-546: A sub-collector. The list of 24 mandals in Anakapalli district, divided into 2 revenue divisions, is given below. The district consists of two municipalities and 8 census towns. Anakapalli zone falls under Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation and the two municipalities in the district are Elamanchili and Narsipatnam . The census towns are Bowluvada , Chodavaram , Kantabamsuguda , Mulakuddu , Nakkapalle , Narsipatnam , Peda Boddepalle , Payakaraopeta . At
258-475: A village called Annavaram for the service of Lord Vallabharaya and was succeeded by his son Pratap Sri Ganga Raju. This king ruled as vassal of Prataparudra Deva and later his son Veer Pratap Singharaju served under the same Gajapati. In later years, after the collapse of the Gajapati Empire in the mid 16th century, the king of Nandapur - Vishwanath Dev Gajapati conquered the former territories of
301-472: Is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It was formed on 4 April 2022 from Anakapalli and Narsipatnam revenue divisions of the old Visakhapatnam district . The administrative headquarters are at Anakapalli . Sankaram, 3 km from Anakapalli is identified to be developed as the headquarters of the new district. This district name is derived from its headquarters Anakapalli . This district
344-555: Is a popular tourist spot called Matsya Tirth. The waterfalls of river Machkund are used for generating electricity under the banner of "Machkund Hydroelectric Project". Madugula is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh. There are 1,70,350 registered voters in Madugula constituency in 2014 elections. List of Elected Members: •2019 - BUDI. MUTYALA NAIDU (Taruva (v)) Anakapalli district Anakapalli district
387-592: Is based on the fact that the enemy Bengal Sultan Hussain Shah played a role in the life of Chaitanya . Two leading followers of Chaitanya, Rupa Goswami and Sanatana Goswami were courtiers in the administration of Hussain Shah before accompanying Chaitanya in his travel to Odisha. The governor of the southern territories of the Gajapati Ramananda Raya who was based at Rajamahendri was influenced by Chaitanya's words and left his position to follow him while
430-445: Is largely inhabited by Telugu speaking populace and has an old palace of the Matsya dynasty. The Endrikaparvatam meaning the 'Crab Hill' is the seventh highest peak of Andhra Pradesh with an elevation of 1568 metres above sea-level. A historic river called 'Matsyakunda' originates from the hills of Madugula and then turn westwards into Odisha to the erstwhile kingdom of Jeypore. It has a historical significance as it used to flow from
473-552: Is surrounded by Alluri Sitharama Raju district to the north, Kakinada district to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the south and Vizianagaram district and Visakhapatnam district to the east. There are one parliamentary and 7 assembly constituencies in Anakapalli district. The parliamentary constituencies are The assembly constituencies are The district is divided into 2 revenue divisions: Anakapalli and Narsipatnam , which are further subdivided into 24 mandals , each headed by
SECTION 10
#1732781180230516-516: The Jagannath idols via a boat to a hidden island hill amidst the Chilika lake called Chadeiguha before his arrival. An Odia governor called Bhoi Bidyadhar organized the defense and continued clashing with the raiders until the Gajapati army returned. After arriving back in his realm with a large expeditionary force amidst these chaotic conditions, Prataparudra Deva pursued the fleeing forces into
559-470: The Dribbida copperplate is of his grandfather, Manikaditya Raju followed by the name of his father, Jayanta Deva Raju. Narasimhavardhana Arjun Deva was succeeded by his son Sri Krishnavardhana Jayanta Raju who is known for donating the two villages of Gudisingaram and Gotlam to the temple of Simhachalam . He ruled for a long period and was succeeded by his son Veer Arjuna Deva in the mid-14th century, who
602-723: The Gajapati capital of Cuttack from the Bengal frontier. A formidable defense was put up by the defending in charge Ananta Samantaray of the Barabati fort in Cuttack but due to the overwhelming number of the raiding forces, he had to retreat and re position in the Sarangagarh fort on the southern side of the Kathajodi river. Ismail marched on to the holy city of Puri where the servitors and priests of Puri temple secretly transported
645-482: The Gajapati's extreme willingness to hear about devotional sermons from Chaitanya in his work Jagannatha-Vallabha-Natakam. Numerous literary works from the era celebrate the spiritual association of Gajapati Prataparudra Deva with Chaitanya. Prataparudra Deva had undertaken many building projects despite his troublesome life filled with battles. In his Undavaill inscription he is termed as a great learner and master of 64 arts. His Velicherla plates states that he assumed
688-549: The Gajapatis from Bengal in North to Telangana in south. This was a period when the Matsya kingdom of Vaddadi or Madugula became vassals of Nandapur and later the kingdom of Jeypore . Madugula is located at 17°55′00″N 82°48′00″E / 17.9167°N 82.8°E / 17.9167; 82.8 . It has an average elevation of 83 meters (275 feet). The place is surrounded by hills, river streams and paddy fields. It
731-584: The Ganga ruler, Narasimha Deva IV and assumed the title of Kataka-Churakara meaning - the destroyer of Cuttack. This indicates that Vaddadi slipped away from the Eastern Ganga kingdom for sometime but later in 1424 the last Ganga king, Bhanudeva IV sent his able general and minister, Kapilendra Deva who defeated and drove out the Reddys to as far as Rajahmundry. Evidently, Pratap Arjuna sent his army to help
774-541: The Gangas. Pratap Arjuna had a son named Jayanta Deva Raju II whose daughter Singamma was married to the Silavanshi king, Vishwanath Raj of the neighboring Nandapur kingdom. There are two inscriptions dated 4 and 8 July 1427 that records the marriage of Singamma to Vishwanath Raj of Nandapur. This was believed to be a crucial matrimonial alliance between the families of Matsya and Silavansh. The son of Jayanta Deva Raju II
817-569: The Matsya kingdom to the neighbouring kingdom of the Silavanshis and later Suryavanshis. In the later medieval period, the name of the river changed from Matsyakunda to Machkunda. The river flows as a boundary between Andhra Pradesh and Odisha for almost fifty miles and then completely into Malkangiri . The famous Duduma Waterfalls named after a legendary Rani Duduma is formed in the Machkund river and three kilometres away from these waterfalls
860-601: The Odia kings. They were also opposed to Gaudiya Vaisnavism that had arrived in Odisha through Chaitanya and contributed to a separate school of learning called Utkaliya. Some of them had ideological conflict with the royal order but were later accepted and encouraged by the king himself after he realized his mistakes. Other Odia poets like Chaitanya Dasa, Arjuna Dasa, Kanhai Khuntia, Gopala Guru, Madhavi Devi and Madhaba Pattanayaka also flourished during his rule giving new dimensions to
903-601: The Prataparudra Deva in a military contest with the Gajapati. Prataparudra Deva's Anantakarma grant declares that he was able to capture the Krishna river basin with the use of force. The Odia army was unable to make any advance into Vijayanagara territory beyond their stronghold of Udayagiri region. The Odia army though managed to march to the tip of the Sethu Bandha or Ram Setu in the south. According to
SECTION 20
#1732781180230946-509: The Rajavrolu plates of Prataparudra Deva and Madala Panji records, the Gajapati was camping on the river Ponnaiyar river banks and was successful in occupying parts of Vijayanagara for a brief time from Viranarasimha Raya after driving out the inmates of the fortified city there. However, the Gajapati had to suddenly return to Odisha as a severe famine ensued in his own realm in the year 1507-1508 CE. Ismail Ghazi marched straight on to
989-509: The account, the Gajapati used to wake up two hours earlier before sunrise and would pay respects two brahmanas before looking at anyone else. He would then take ride on his horse accompanied by the Sixteen brahmana Patras for twenty to thirty miles before returning. After taking bath he would then indulge in worship of lord Jagannath only after which he eats food followed by recitation of Ramayana. After this he carries on his daily business wearing
1032-432: The conditions in the southern frontiers were critical, enduring the invasion of Vijayanagar. However, Prataparudra was himself a devout Vaishnava before the arrival of Chaitanya and was also the head servitor of lord Jagannath as per the royal traditions of the Gajapatis of Odisha. The descriptions of a spy from Vijayanagar about the Gajapati's personal life gives a proper insight about his spiritual ways of living. As per
1075-558: The death of Purushottam Deva, Prataparudra Deva was immediately engulfed with the defensive measures for his empire from the consistently invading parties of Gauda or Bengal sultan Alauddin Hussain Shah . The Bhakti Bhagavata Maha Kavyam states that he was only 17 years old when he faced this challenge and finally drove the invaders out of his northern borders. He reinforced the northern frontiers with more military deployment though minor skirmishes continued. After being able to halt
1118-489: The empire was eventually reduced to only a small strip of land in eastern India covering parts of coastal and central Odisha, Northern Andhra and parts of southern Bengal. The tributary and Garhjat (princedoms), rebellious generals and hinterland domains within the Odishan realm destabilized the central authority of the Gajapatis in Odisha. As an emperor, Prataparudra Deva utilized his full available military strength to defend
1161-528: The enemy states Vijayanagar , Hussain Shahi dynasty of Bengal and Turko-Persian Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golconda . He lost large portions of his territory to the neighboring enemy states initiating the dissolution of Odisha's military hegemony and imperial status that continued for nearly a period of 600 years before him. Prataparudra Deva's life was heavily occupied in dealing with continuous military threats by his neighboring rulers on multiple fronts. On
1204-612: The frontier of Bengal laying seize to the Mandarana fort of Qutb Shahi forces at today's Jahanabad Sub-Division in Hoogly . Udayagiri fort was guarded by a Gajapati garrison of 10,000 infantry, 400 cavalry and 8000 other men deployed at the outskirts of the fort. The guarding force was commanded by the paternal uncle of the Gajapati himself, Tirumala Routaraya. A strong contingent of Vijayanagara forces numbering 34,000 infantry and 800 war elephants marched through Gutti and Gondikotta laid
1247-458: The frontiers of his empire but events of internal treachery, ignorant policies against a strategically threat of Muslim Bengal by his father and a possible situation of imbalance of his personal spiritual life with the instant demands from his military command, led to the loss of huge southern territories to his enemies. Prataparudra Deva had 32 sons and many daughters from his multiple wives out of which Padma, Padmalaya, Ila and Mahila are known to be
1290-457: The invading forces and was successful after rigorous fighting with the Muslim forces but also lost many large portions of his territory in the south.His empire completely declined after his death. Gajapati Prataparudra Deva is often held responsible for losing the military status of Odisha due to his spiritual adherence, over involvement and indulgence with Sri Chaitanya . The doubt of historians
1333-552: The invasions from Bengal, Prataparudra Deva marches south to recover and capture territories from Vijayanagar Kingdom. For a brief time he was able to capture Vijayanagara or Vidyanagar fort. Anantavarman copper plates of Prataparudra Deva states that he reached the banks of river Krishna on 4 November 1500 AD. The Saluva dynasty Emperor Immadi Narasimha Raya was ruling Vijayanagara when Prataparudra Deva sets out for his southern expedition. His influential general Tuluva Narasa Nayaka tried to recover Kondavidu and Udayagiri forts from
Madugula - Misplaced Pages Continue
1376-430: The kingdom from his father-in-law and faced rebellion from other Silavanshi claimants. As a result, he was ousted and later helped by the Matsya king, Singharaju who helped him curb the rebellion and reclaim the kingdom of Nandapur. Singharaju was succeeded by his son Vallabhadeva Raju who performed the famous Agnistoma sacrifice on the bank of Danta near Duttada and constructed the temple of Lord Vallabharaya. He donated
1419-466: The literary achievements of Odia language in that era. Prataparudra Deva made it mandatory for only Jayadeva 's Gitagovinda to be sung at while the Odia and Telugu Devadasis (temple dancers) while they performed. Four Vaishnava singers were trained to perform the service of singing Gitagovinda verses. It was during his rule that the Gotipua dance tradition was introduced. The rule of Prataparudra Deva
1462-592: The official robes. Despite his wish to meet and have an audience with Chaitanya, the saint avoided any audience as it was his discipline to avoid meeting women and kings. He was only able to see Chaitanya face to face while performing the Chera Pahara ritual during the Ratha Yatra festival of lord Jagannath following which he humbly bowed down to saints present there. Even in an event, he stopped his general Harichandana from taking any retaliatory action against
1505-468: The time of the 2011 census, Anakapalli district had a population of 1,726,998, of which 250,359 (14.50%) live in urban areas. Anakapalli district had a sex ratio of 1020 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 158,060 (9.15%) and 47,975 (2.78%) of the population respectively. Telugu was the predominant language, spoken by 98.87% of the population. Prataparudra Deva Prataparudra Deva ( Odia : ଗଜପତି ପ୍ରତାପରୁଦ୍ର ଦେବ)
1548-620: The title of Vidyaniddhi (accomplished learner). Other Sanskrit poets like Markandeya, Ramakrishna Bhatta. Balabhadra Mishra flourished in his era. The king himself authored works like Odia literature attained a higher status during the rule of Prataparudra as it was the famous era of and highly respected immortal Odia literary creations by the Panchsakhas or five divine friends namely Balarama Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa, Ananta Dasa, Achyutananda Dasa and Jasobanta Dasa. The Panchasakhas were basically opposed to caste system and Brahmin patronage by
1591-503: The year 1514. A Balagopala idol of lord Sri Krishna was carried away unharmed by the Vijayanagara forces as victory trophy from the fort. The Turko-Persian Sultan of Golconda Quli Qutb Shah invaded southern parts of Odisha and captured many forts along with the regional administrative center of Kondapalli on 20 March 1531. Prataparudra Deva set out with a force of 3,00,000 infantry, 30,000 cavalry and 700 war elephants to confront
1634-464: Was Singharaju who was a contemporary of Pratap Ganga Raj of Nandapur. In 1443, Pratap Ganga Raj was succeeded by his son-in-law Vinayak Dev who was a junior prince of a small kingdom ruled by Suryavanshi kings in North Kashmir . In a turn of events, Vinayak Dev migrated to Varanasi and then to Nandapur, where he married Lilavati, the only daughter of Pratap Ganga Raj. Evidently, he inherited
1677-595: Was a feudatory of the Ganga king, Narasimha Deva III. Initially, Veer Arjun formed an alliance with the Reddy chiefs of Rajahmundry in order to free his kingdom from the suzerainty of the Gangas who were defeated by Firuz Shah Tughlaq in 1361. However, this attempt went to vain as he died in 1381 and was succeeded by his son, Pratap Arjuna. The Anaparti and Gopavaram copperplate grants suggest that Kumaragiri Reddy regained his suzerainty over Rajahmundry in 1389 and invaded Cuttack with his able general Katayavema who defeated
1720-449: Was a severe fight to tooth and nail put up by the forces from both the sides and the Odia forces were fighting with a strong determination to defend their position until their last breath. To secure an effective position for attacking the stubborn inmates inside the fort, Vijayanagara forces had to cut the rocky boulders and build paths through the surrounding hills. Since no help reached to the Gajapati forces, they had to surrender finally in
1763-508: Was an era when a great social revolution in Odisha was at its zenith due to the Bhakti movement closely contested between Gaudiya and Utkaliya Vaishnavism school of thoughts. Common man was not untouched by the beautiful literature and devotional ballads that appeared before them composed by great devotees. Due to forced rigorous military campaigns and failed state policy, the military status of medieval Odisha declined during Prataparudra's rule and
Madugula - Misplaced Pages Continue
1806-450: Was changed to 'Vaddadimadugula' and in modern age it got divided into two villages within the radius of 11 km known as Waddadi and Madugula. The most valorous king of the dynasty was Narasimhavardhana Arjun Deva who inherited the kingdom from his father Jayanta Deva Raju in the late 13th century. The Dribbida copperplate grant donated by Narasimhavardhana illustrates the origin of the Matsya dynasty of Vaddadi. The first name mentioned in
1849-576: Was the third Gajapati emperor of Odisha from the Suryavamsa Gajapati Empire founded by his grandfather Kapilendra Deva . He reigned from 1497 to 1540 CE. Besides being a monarch, he was a devout Vaishnava and adherent of the famous saint, Sri Chaitanya who arrived in Odisha during his reign. His life was extremely occupied with overwhelming military campaigns in defense of his inherited territory from three frontal invasions by
#229770