30-575: Mangawhai is a township at the south-west extent of the Mangawhai Harbour , or Mangawhai Estuary, in Northland , New Zealand. The adjacent township of Mangawhai Heads is 5 km north-east, on the lower part of the harbour. Kaiwaka is 13 km south-west, and Waipu is 20 km north-west of Mangawhai Heads. In 2018 it was proposed to develop a new town between Mangawhai and Mangawhai Heads, called Mangawhai Central, to accommodate
60-553: A database to target Māori voters in the general election held later in 2023. Takutai Moana Kemp was the chief executive of the marae at the time and was also a candidate for Te Pāti Māori, later narrowly winning a seat at the 2023 general election. Results of the 2013 census were released over an 18-month period, beginning 15 October 2013. It recorded 4,242,048 people who were resident in New Zealand on 5 March 2013. This represents an increase of 214,101 people (5.3 percent) since
90-426: A delay due to the effects of Cyclone Gabrielle ), and it implemented measures that aimed to increase the census' effectiveness in response to the issues faced with the 2018 census, including supporting Māori to complete the census. It also included new questions on topics such as gender, sexual identity, and disabilities/health conditions. A few people object to the census and attempt to evade it. As early as 1859,
120-406: A different census form in previous years and separate censuses in the nineteenth century. Results for those censuses before 1966 have been destroyed with a few exceptions and those since will not be available before 2066. The 2006 census was held on Tuesday, 7 March. For the first time, respondents had the option of completing their census form online rather than by a printed form. The 2011 census
150-421: A government department, every five years. There have been 34 censuses since 1851 . In addition to providing detailed information about national demographics , the results of the census play an important part in the calculation of resource allocation to local service providers. The 2023 census held on 7 March 2023 was the most recent, with the results being released from 29 May 2024 to August 2025. Since 1926,
180-769: A population density of 36 people per km. Mangawhai Rural had a population of 2,100 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 702 people (50.2%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 1,068 people (103.5%) since the 2006 census . There were 819 households, comprising 1,041 males and 1,062 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 50.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 375 people (17.9%) aged under 15 years, 207 (9.9%) aged 15 to 29, 1,086 (51.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 432 (20.6%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 93.7% European/Pākehā, 11.9% Māori, 2.9% Pacific peoples, 1.9% Asian, and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
210-695: A population of 936 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 429 people (84.6%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 588 people (169.0%) since the 2006 census . There were 387 households, comprising 450 males and 486 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.93 males per female. The median age was 53.5 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 168 people (17.9%) aged under 15 years, 96 (10.3%) aged 15 to 29, 354 (37.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 318 (34.0%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 93.6% European/Pākehā, 14.1% Māori, 2.2% Pacific peoples, 2.9% Asian, and 1.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
240-426: A resident was prosecuted for not completing his census form. The most famous of these census evaders is The Wizard of New Zealand , Ian Brackenbury Channell, who has avoided the census on numerous occasions. He spent the night of the 1981 census in a boat beyond New Zealand's 20 kilometres (12 mi) territorial limit in order to avoid enumeration in the country. He has also publicly burnt census forms. Following
270-701: A special form with questions about the dwelling. In addition, teams of census workers attempt to cover all hospitals, camp grounds, workplaces and transport systems where people might be found at midnight. In 2018 , the process was different. The majority of households received an access code in the post and were encouraged to complete their census online. If preferred, households could request paper census forms. The 2023 census could be completed online or on paper forms. Forms with an access code were mailed out to householders from 20 February, but paper forms could be requested online or by telephone (free call 0800 CENSUS (0800 236–787)). The smallest geographic unit used in
300-664: Is an independent private school due to open in February 2025. This school will serve students from Years 7 to 13 and is being established by the Mangawhai Education Trust. Mangawhai Harbour The Mangawhai Harbour is a natural harbour in New Zealand . It is a sandspit estuary on the south-eastern coast of the Northland Region . The townships of Mangawhai and Mangawhai Heads are on
330-613: The Auckland Regional Council for resource consent but the application was turned down in 2005. In January 2008 another application to sand mine in the Mangawhai Forest was being heard by the Environment Court. Mangawhai township covers 1.89 km (0.73 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,370 as of June 2024, with a population density of 725 people per km. Mangawhai had
SECTION 10
#1732794149617360-541: The Ngāti Whātua at Te Ika-a-ranga-nui near Kaiwaka. Later in the 19th century, settlers would travel by boat from Auckland to Mangawhai, walk to Kaiwaka, and then travel on the water again across the Kaipara Harbour . By the early 1860s, a dray road existed between Mangawhai and Kaiwaka. In the latter 19th century, the kauri gum digging trade became an important industry in the area. Sand mining began at
390-458: The rohe of Te Uri-o-Hau , a tribal group either seen as an independent iwi , or as a hapū of Ngāti Whātua . The name refers to Te Whai, a historic rangatira of Ngāti Whātua, who shares his name with the Short-tail stingray , whai , found in the harbour. Te Whai had a fortified pā at Mangawhai Point, a central headland in the harbour. The harbour was an important connection between
420-563: The 2006 census, Statistics New Zealand prosecuted 72 people for failing to return their forms, with 41 convictions. After the 2013 census, they wrote to 450 people in July 2013 who had failed to return the forms, of whom 99 were prosecuted, resulting in 46 convictions. Most of those convicted faced two charges and were fined $ 50 to $ 500 per charge. In June 2024, allegations surfaced that workers and volunteers at Manuwera Marae had collected citizens' private information from 2023 census forms, creating
450-535: The Mangawhai Harbour entrance pre 1940. In 1978 the collapse of sand dunes, believed to be caused by sand mining, closed the harbour for five and a half years. Commercial sand mining ceased in 2004. 2006 New Zealand census The New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings ( Māori : Te Tatauranga o ngā Tāngata Huri Noa i Aotearoa me ō rātou Whare Noho ) is a national population and housing census conducted by Statistics New Zealand ,
480-531: The Mangawhai Harbour entrance pre 1940. In 1978 the collapse of sand dunes, believed to be caused by sand mining, closed the harbour for five and a half years. From 1993 to 2004, sand was commercially suction-dredged from the sandbars of Mangawhai Heads. In 2004, the Mangawhai Harbour Restoration Society won an Environment Court decision to stop the issue of new licences. The companies such as McCallum Brothers , re-applied to
510-553: The census for population data is the mesh block . There are 53,589 mesh blocks, with an average of 88 people in each. The 2018 census collected data on the following topics: * Required to be included under the Statistics Act 1975 or the Electoral Act 1993 The first full census in New Zealand was conducted in 1851, and the census was triennial until 1881, at which time it became five-yearly. The 1931 census
540-467: The census has always been held on a Tuesday and since 1966, the census always occurs in March. These are statistically the month and weekday on which New Zealanders are least likely to be travelling. The census forms have to be returned by midnight on census day for them to be valid. Until 2018, census forms were hand-delivered by census workers during the lead-in to the census, with one form per person and
570-524: The east and west coasts of Northland, as it was a part of the Ōtamatea portage , a place which allowed waka to be hauled overland between the Mangawhai Harbour and the Kaipara Harbour , via the Kaiwaka River , Hakaru River and Otamatea River . 41 archaeological sites have been identified around the harbour. The Mangawhai Harbour was purchased by the Crown in 1858, with European settlers using
600-497: The harbour from 1859, primarily for the kauri logging and kauri gum industries. As these industries dwindled, dairy farming and sheep farming became the main industries around the harbour. Two European settlements developed around the harbour, Mangawhai to the south-west and Mangawhai Heads to the north. In 1864, Three Brothers , a British schooner hit the sandbar at the mouth of the Mangawhai Harbour. Two passengers were washed overboard and drowned. Sand mining began at
630-589: The harbour. The Mangawhai Government Purpose Wildlife Refuge Reserve covers the sandspit between the harbour and the ocean. The Mangawhai Harbour is situated five kilometres south of Paepae-o-Tū / Bream Tail, a major headland in the Northland Region . The central section of the Mangawhai Harbour is called the Mangawhai Estuary. It is fed by a number of tributaries, including the Mangawhai River, Bob Creek and Tara Creek. A large sand spit forms
SECTION 20
#1732794149617660-516: The mouth of the harbour. This sandspit is a 245 hectare nature reserve, known as the Mangawhai Government Purpose Wildlife Refuge Reserve. The sandspit at the mouth of the harbour has spinifex and pingao, and is a home for many migratory bird species, such as Caspian terns , New Zealand fairy terns , Variable oystercatchers and New Zealand dotterels . The Mangawhai Harbour is a part of
690-548: The rapid increase of population expected and overcome the space limitations of the existing commercial areas. Mangawhai is the traditional Māori name for the area, referring to the stingrays which live in the harbour. In the early and mid 19th century, Mangawhai Harbour was one of the main access points for the Kaipara . Ngāti Whātua used to drag waka from Kaiwaka to Mangawhai. A Ngā Puhi war party landed at Mangawhai in February 1825 and moved 12 km inland to confront
720-473: Was $ 24,600, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 90 people (11.7%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 264 (34.4%) people were employed full-time, 129 (16.8%) were part-time, and 27 (3.5%) were unemployed. Mangawhai Rural, which surrounds but does not include Mangawhai township and Mangawhai Heads, covers 91.56 km (35.35 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 3,280 as of June 2024, with
750-446: Was $ 29,000, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 261 people (15.1%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 771 (44.7%) people were employed full-time, 324 (18.8%) were part-time, and 45 (2.6%) were unemployed. Mangawhai Beach School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school with a decile rating of 6 and a roll of 682 students as of August 2024. Mangawhai Hills College
780-423: Was 19.9, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 59.9% had no religion, 29.2% were Christian, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 111 (14.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 156 (20.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
810-405: Was 21.3, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 60.7% had no religion, 28.9% were Christian, 0.6% were Hindu, 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.3% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 330 (19.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 264 (15.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
840-494: Was cancelled due to the effects of the Great Depression , as was the 1941 census due to World War II . The 1946 census was brought forward to Tuesday 25 September 1945, so that the results could be used for an electoral redistribution (the first for ten years) before the 1946 election . 1951 was the first year in which Māori and European New Zealanders were treated equally, with European New Zealanders having had
870-474: Was held on Tuesday 5 March 2013 and the 2018 census was held on Tuesday 6 March 2018. The 2018 census faced wide criticism for low response rates, a poor rollout of the online component of the census and delays. This resulted in an independent review of the census process, and the resignation of the then-Chief Executive of Statistics New Zealand Liz MacPherson. The 2023 census was held on Tuesday, 7 March (despite Statistics New Zealand initially not ruling out
900-528: Was scheduled for Tuesday, 8 March. However, due to the Christchurch earthquake on 22 February 2011, it was cancelled. For the first time ever, all 2011 census forms would have been digitally archived. On 27 May 2011 Statistics New Zealand announced that a census would take place in March 2013. The legislation required to change the census date was introduced to Parliament in August 2011. The 2013 census
#616383