39-1462: [REDACTED] Look up Marcos in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Marcos may refer to: People with the given name Marcos [ edit ] Marcos (given name) Marcos family Sports [ edit ] Surnamed Dayton Marcos , Negro league baseball team from Dayton, Ohio (early twentieth-century) Dimitris Markos , Greek footballer Nélson Marcos , Portuguese footballer Randa Markos , Iraqi-Canadian female mixed martial artist Nicknamed simply as Marcos Marcos Pereira Martins (born 1943), Brazilian football winger Marcos Roberto Silveira Reis (born 1973), Brazilian football goalkeeper Marcos Joaquim dos Santos (born 1975), Brazilian footballer Marcos de Paula (born 1983), Brazilian footballer Marcos Alonso Peña (born 1959), Spanish footballer Named Marcos Ambrose , Australian racing driver currently competing in NASCAR Marcos Baghdatis , Cypriot tennis player Marcos Bristow , Indian badminton player Marcos Hernández (swimmer) , Cuban freestyle swimmer Marcos Pizzelli , Brazilian-Armenian footballer Marcos García Barreno , Spanish footballer Marcos Mazzaron , Brazilian cyclist Marcos Carneiro de Mendonça (1894–1988), first goalkeeper of
78-627: A convert to Islam, succeeded the throne. The Old Mongol party of Buddhists and Nestorian Christians opposed Tekuder, who started persecuting the Church of the East for siding with the Old Mongol party. Yahballaha was imprisoned, but his life was saved by Tekuder's Christian mother Qutui Khatun . In 1284, Abaqa Khan's son Arghun became the khan, and he held both Yahballaha and Bar Sauma in high esteem. Arghun sought an alliance with Christian Europe against
117-666: A monastery near Mosul for two years. After the death of Patriarch Denha I , the Nestorian bishops chose Yahballaha as his successor in November 1281, with approval from Abaqa Khan , the Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate . The reasons for his election were political, as Yahballaha was familiar with Mongol customs, politics, and language because of his origin. His knowledge of Syriac was scarce, and he did not speak Arabic at all. In
156-533: Is fixed in our hearts; and we owe obedience to him, and ask and implore his blessing, and are ready for all his commands, humbly asking and imploring his help in our necessity and tribulations in which we have now been for a long time and remain. And may the good father not turn away his face from us since we are all brothers in Christ and his sons through the true catholic faith. —Yahballaha's letter to Pope Benedict XI In 1302, Yahballaha started negotiations with
195-710: The Church of the East for the appeals to Kublai Kahn and imprisoned Yahballaha III. His life was saved by Tekuder's mother Qutui Khatun , who was a Christian. Tekuder was succeeded by his nephew Arghun in 1284. Both Yahballaha and Bar Sauma were held in high esteem by both Abaqa and Arghun. After succeeding Tekuder, Arghun sought an alliance with the European rulers against the Muslims in Syria and Egypt. He wrote to Pope Honorius IV that Kublai Khan commissioned him to liberate
234-663: The English king Edward in Bordeaux . Both English and French kings expressed their interest in the alliance. Before returning to Rome, Bar Sauma spent the winter in Genoa and met Pope Nicholas IV after his election. The Pope issued a bull recognising Yahballaha as the "patriarch of all the Christians of the East" Bar Sauma returned to Ilkhanate in the summer of 1288. Dominican Friar Riccoldo da Monte di Croce travelled to
273-656: The Monastery of the Cross in the present-day Fangshan District of western Beijing. In 1275/76, Markos and Bar Sauma started a journey towards Jerusalem . At the beginning of their travel, Markos was around thirty and Bar Sauma was forty-eight. They first went to Khanbaliq , Bar Sauma's birthplace, to gather more people for the journey. Then they went to Koshang, Tangut , Hotan and Kashgar . After staying in Hotan for six months and finding Kashgar empty as its population fled
312-587: The Roman Curia regarding the union, and sent a letter to Pope Boniface VIII . On 18 May 1304, Yahballaha wrote to Pope Benedict XI making a profession of Catholic faith, accepting the Pope, and acknowledging his primacy over all of Christiandom. However, the Nestorian bishops rejected the union. During the reign of the khan Öljaitü , who succeeded Ghazan in 1304, the persecution of Christians continued. Although personally on good terms with Yahballaha, he
351-688: The Tigris river. Their plan to visit Jerusalem was prevented because of the war between the Mongols and Mamluks , who at the time bordered each other along the Euphrates river. They still tried to reach Palestine , travelling through Armenia and Georgia and then by sea. However, they were recalled by the Patriarch, who wanted to give them leadership over the church in China. The Patriarch named Markos
390-487: The war between the Mongols and Mamluks . Patriarch Denha I of the Church of the East recalled them and consecrated Markos as the bishop of Katay and Ong, Mar Yahballaha. However, both opted to remain in monasteries in Mosul . Yahballaha's election as the new patriarch of the Church of the East was approved by Abaqa Khan for political reasons and consecrated in 1281 as Yahballaha III. In 1282, Abaqa Khan's brother Tekuder ,
429-549: The "enemy", Bar Sauma and Markos went to Taraz (north of Tien Shan ) in present-day Kazakhstan to pay homage to Kaidu Khan and ask for safe passage through his land, which he allowed. The two travelers probably passed through Samarkand and Bukhara , arriving in the region of Khorosan in the town of Tus , now a village near Mashhad in present-day Iran . In Maragheh in the region of Azerbaijan they met with Patriarch Denha I . From Erbil , they went to Mosul and visited Nisibis and various Nestorian monasteries along
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#1732764788353468-531: The "land of the Christians". he consulted with Yahballaha about who should head the embassy to Europe; Yahballaha proposed Bar Sauma, which Arghun accepted. In 1287, Bar Sauma arrived in Trabzon at the south shore of Black Sea . In June, he went to Constantinople , where he met with Emperor Andronikos of Byzantium , and then to the Kingdom of Naples , where he met with Charles II . In Rome , he learned about
507-634: The Brazil national team, later president of Fluminense FC Marcos do Nascimento Teixeira , Brazilian footballer, known as Marcão Politics [ edit ] Marcos Family [ edit ] Ferdinand Marcos (1917–1989), 10th President of the Philippines (1965–1986) Sandro Marcos (born 1994), current Representative of Ilocos Norte's First District Bongbong Marcos (born 1957), former senator and former Representative of Ilocos Norte, son of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos, and 17th President of
546-521: The Brazil national team, later president of Fluminense FC Marcos do Nascimento Teixeira , Brazilian footballer, known as Marcão Politics [ edit ] Marcos Family [ edit ] Ferdinand Marcos (1917–1989), 10th President of the Philippines (1965–1986) Sandro Marcos (born 1994), current Representative of Ilocos Norte's First District Bongbong Marcos (born 1957), former senator and former Representative of Ilocos Norte, son of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos, and 17th President of
585-840: The California central coast city of Santa Barbara Mariano Marcos State University , public university in Ilocos Norte, Philippines Other [ edit ] Chrysostomos Markose , leader of the Syriac Orthodox Church in India Pacífico Marcos , former president of the Philippine Medical Association Marco's Pizza Reference [ edit ] Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
624-479: The California central coast city of Santa Barbara Mariano Marcos State University , public university in Ilocos Norte, Philippines Other [ edit ] Chrysostomos Markose , leader of the Syriac Orthodox Church in India Pacífico Marcos , former president of the Philippine Medical Association Marco's Pizza Reference [ edit ] Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
663-535: The Catholic faith in the latter letter and acknowledging the pope's primacy over all of Christendom. However, the union was rejected by the Nestorian bishops. In 1304, Öljaitü succeeded Ghazan and renewed the persecutions against Christians, which Yahballaha unsuccessfully tried to end. Yahballaha died in Maragheh in 1317. Markos was born in the city of Koshang (near modern Dongsheng District , Inner Mongolia )
702-645: The East in 1289 and remained there for ten years. Da Monte di Croce found that the Nestorians emphasised rituals more than dogma. He writes that they had a liberal conception of marriage, with divorces and remarriages allowed at will. Nestorians occasionally practised circumcision , even for women, and did not recognise the practice of anointing of the sick . They also abstained from meat. Yahballaha renounced these heterodoxies and allowed da Monte di Croce to preach in Baghdad in 1290. The Nestorian elite wanted to enter
741-881: The Hungarian name for Mărcuş village, Dobârlău Commune, Covasna County, Romania Automobiles [ edit ] Marcos (automobile) , British sportscar manufacturer Marcos Mantis GT , sports car Mini Marcos , Military [ edit ] USS San Marcos (LSD-25) , Casa Grande -class dock landing ship MARCOS , India's elite marine commando force Television and film [ edit ] Lisa Marcos , Canadian actress Niurka Marcos , Cuban-Mexican singer, dancer and actress Marcos A. Rodriguez , Cuban-American businessman K. G. Markose , Indian Playback singer Art [ edit ] Lajos Markos , painter Pablo Marcos , artist Education [ edit ] San Marcos High School (Santa Barbara, California) , public high school located in
780-824: The Hungarian name for Mărcuş village, Dobârlău Commune, Covasna County, Romania Automobiles [ edit ] Marcos (automobile) , British sportscar manufacturer Marcos Mantis GT , sports car Mini Marcos , Military [ edit ] USS San Marcos (LSD-25) , Casa Grande -class dock landing ship MARCOS , India's elite marine commando force Television and film [ edit ] Lisa Marcos , Canadian actress Niurka Marcos , Cuban-Mexican singer, dancer and actress Marcos A. Rodriguez , Cuban-American businessman K. G. Markose , Indian Playback singer Art [ edit ] Lajos Markos , painter Pablo Marcos , artist Education [ edit ] San Marcos High School (Santa Barbara, California) , public high school located in
819-481: The Muslims in Syria and Egypt and, advised by Yahballaha, sent Bar Sauma for the first East Asian diplomatic mission to Europe in history. After the fall of Acre to Muslims in 1291, the popular opinion in Ilkhanate started to incline towards Islam. The relations between the Church of the East and the khan remained well during the rule of Gaykhatu , Arghun's successor. However, with Arghun's son Ghazan ascendance to
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#1732764788353858-757: The Philippines (2022-present) Imelda Marcos (born 1929), former First Lady, widow of Ferdinand Marcos, and powerful political figure in the Philippines Imee Marcos (born 1955), current senator Irene Marcos-Araneta (born 1960), the daughter of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos Matthew Marcos Manotoc (born 1988), son of Imee Mariano Marcos (1897–1945), lawyer and politician in Ilocos Norte, Philippines, father of Ferdinand Marcos Michael Marcos Keon (born 1954), nephew of Ferdinand Pacífico Marcos (1919–c. 2016), younger brother of Ferdinand Others [ edit ] Subcomandante Marcos , also known as Delegate Zero, spokesperson for
897-681: The Philippines (2022-present) Imelda Marcos (born 1929), former First Lady, widow of Ferdinand Marcos, and powerful political figure in the Philippines Imee Marcos (born 1955), current senator Irene Marcos-Araneta (born 1960), the daughter of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos Matthew Marcos Manotoc (born 1988), son of Imee Mariano Marcos (1897–1945), lawyer and politician in Ilocos Norte, Philippines, father of Ferdinand Marcos Michael Marcos Keon (born 1954), nephew of Ferdinand Pacífico Marcos (1919–c. 2016), younger brother of Ferdinand Others [ edit ] Subcomandante Marcos , also known as Delegate Zero, spokesperson for
936-695: The Zapatista Army of National Liberation Rabban Marcos, 13th-century cleric later elected as the Nestorian patriarch, Mar Yaballaha III Markos Moulitsas , owner of the largest political blog in the US, Daily Kos Geography [ edit ] Marcos, Ilocos Norte , Philippines Marcos Castellanos San Marcos, Antioquia San Marcos, Baja California Sur San Marcos, California San Marcos, Costa Rica San Marcos, Guatemala San Marcos, Guerrero San Marcos, Nicaragua San Marcos, Texas San Marcos (department) Márkos ,
975-583: The Zapatista Army of National Liberation Rabban Marcos, 13th-century cleric later elected as the Nestorian patriarch, Mar Yaballaha III Markos Moulitsas , owner of the largest political blog in the US, Daily Kos Geography [ edit ] Marcos, Ilocos Norte , Philippines Marcos Castellanos San Marcos, Antioquia San Marcos, Baja California Sur San Marcos, California San Marcos, Costa Rica San Marcos, Guatemala San Marcos, Guerrero San Marcos, Nicaragua San Marcos, Texas San Marcos (department) Márkos ,
1014-517: The bishop of Katay and Ong (Northern China and the Ongud tribe, respectively), giving him the name Mar Yahballaha. At the same time, he named Bar Sauma sa'ora (visiting bishop) for the Eastern countries, and general vicar. The new titles meant that the two would return to the East; however, both insisted on staying to live in a monastery, deeming themselves unworthy of the new titles. They remained in
1053-551: The capital of the Turkic Ongud tribe. His ethnic ancestry is not entirely clear. According to the contemporary source Story of Mar Yahballaha and Rabban Sauma he was an "Oriental Turk". Bar Hebraeus in his Chronography referred to him as " Uyghur , that is Turk". The Arabic Chronicle of the Nestorian Patriarch calls him "a Turk by birth from the region of Katay (i.e. Northern China)". The two lists of
1092-627: The death of Pope Honorius IV and was greeted by the College of Cardinals instead. However, they could not respond to Arghun's request until the new pope's election. Bar Sauma went to Florence and Genoa , where he met with the Captain of the People . From Genoa, Bar Sauma went to Lombardy and onwards to Paris , where he met Philip IV of France . After staying for a month in Paris, Bar Sauma met with
1131-1312: The 💕 [REDACTED] Look up Marcos in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Marcos may refer to: People with the given name Marcos [ edit ] Marcos (given name) Marcos family Sports [ edit ] Surnamed Dayton Marcos , Negro league baseball team from Dayton, Ohio (early twentieth-century) Dimitris Markos , Greek footballer Nélson Marcos , Portuguese footballer Randa Markos , Iraqi-Canadian female mixed martial artist Nicknamed simply as Marcos Marcos Pereira Martins (born 1943), Brazilian football winger Marcos Roberto Silveira Reis (born 1973), Brazilian football goalkeeper Marcos Joaquim dos Santos (born 1975), Brazilian footballer Marcos de Paula (born 1983), Brazilian footballer Marcos Alonso Peña (born 1959), Spanish footballer Named Marcos Ambrose , Australian racing driver currently competing in NASCAR Marcos Baghdatis , Cypriot tennis player Marcos Bristow , Indian badminton player Marcos Hernández (swimmer) , Cuban freestyle swimmer Marcos Pizzelli , Brazilian-Armenian footballer Marcos García Barreno , Spanish footballer Marcos Mazzaron , Brazilian cyclist Marcos Carneiro de Mendonça (1894–1988), first goalkeeper of
1170-435: The patriarch of the Church of the East refer to him as "a Turk", and a Latin bull calls him "an Oriental Turk". Pier Giorgio Borbone suggests that Yahballaha probably belonged to the Ongud tribe and dismisses Bar Hebraeus' claim about his Uyghur descent since Uyghurs at the time lived in a distant region around Turfan . As a child, he became a pupil of Rabban Bar Sauma , a Nestorian monk. At first, they probably lived in
1209-588: The presence of other Nestorian bishops, Yahballaha was consecrated in Kokhe church on 21 November 1281 as Yahballaha III. He received the seal given to the patriarch before him by Möngke Khan . Abaqa died in 1282 and was succeeded by his brother Tekuder , a convert to Islam. Tekuder became unpopular among the Mongol elites, the so-called "Old-Mongol" party of Nestorian Christians and Buddhists, who now favoured his nephew Arghun , Abaqa's son. They protested to Kublai Khan , who threatened to intervene. Tekuder blamed
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1248-652: The throne, Muslims gained dominance. Ghazan started the persecution of Christians, and Yahballaha was again imprisoned. He was ransomed by Hethum II of Armenia. In 1289, Yahballaha allowed the Dominican friar Riccoldo da Monte di Croce to preach among the Nestorians and renounced their heterodoxies. He sought a church union with the Catholic Church in Rome . He started negotiations in 1302 by writing to Pope Boniface VIII and Pope Benedict XI in 1304, professing
1287-481: The title Marcos . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcos&oldid=1258112819 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Masculine given names Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Marcos From Misplaced Pages,
1326-586: The title Marcos . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcos&oldid=1258112819 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Masculine given names Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Mar Yaballaha III Yahballaha III ( c. 1245–13 November 1317), known in earlier years as Rabban Marcos (or Markos )
1365-623: The union with Rome, primarily for political reasons. The Mongols saw the fall of Acre to Muslims in 1291 as a victory of Islam over Christianity and started to incline towards Islam afterwards. However, relations remained good between the Church of the East and the new khan Gaykhatu , who succeeded Arghun that year. By his death in 1295, the popular opinion in the Ilkhanate favoured Muslims. Another son of Arghun, Ghazan , became khan in 1295. He brought Muslims to dominance and started persecuting Christians and destroying churches. He imprisoned Yahballaha and hung him upside down. Yahballaha's life
1404-618: Was Patriarch of the East from 1281 to 1317. As patriarch, Yahballaha headed the Church of the East during the severe persecutions under the reign of khans Ghazan and his successor Öljaitü . He acknowledged the primacy of the Pope and tried to form a church union, which was rejected by the traditionalist bishops of the Church of the East. A native of Koshang, Marcos travelled with Rabban Bar Sauma , an ascetic Nestorian monk from Mongol-controlled China to Jerusalem . However, they were prevented from reaching their final destination due to
1443-528: Was saved by Hethum II , who paid a ransom to free him from prison, and in 1296 Yahballaha returned to his seat in Maragheh . The next year, his residence was pillaged and destroyed by Muslims, so he moved to Erbil in Iraq . Hethum persuaded Ghazan to end the persecution in 1296. He also issued countermeasures to compensate the Christians. Yahballaha returned to the monastery in Maragheh, whose reconstruction
1482-455: Was supported by Ghazan, who in 1303 visited the monastery. However, sporadic persecution continued elsewhere. Nevertheless, Yahballaha enjoyed Ghazan's support until the end of his reign. We believe in the holy Roman chief pontiff and universal father of all believers in Christ, and confess that he is the successor of the blessed Peter, universal vicar of Jesus Christ over all the sons of the church from east and west; love and affection for whom
1521-519: Was unwilling or unable to end the persecutions and even carried them out himself, with the persecution in 1306 being remembered as the fiercest. An outbreak of violence occurred in Erbil in 1310, with many Christians being killed and Yahballaha, who was there at the time, barely survived. Yahballaha tried to prevent the massacre of Christians who hid at the Citadel of Erbil , but when the Muslims conquered
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