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41-526: The New York Railways Company was incorporated December 30, 1911 and operated the following lines on or after 1911. The Eighth Avenue Railroad and Ninth Avenue Railroad were split in July and on October 1, and the New York and Harlem Railroad (City Line) lease was canceled on February 1, 1920. During receivership, the process of abandoning unprofitable lines continued, as the last four storage battery lines -

82-667: A streetcar line , it is now the M10 bus route and the M20 bus route , operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority . The M10 bus now only runs north of 57th Street (near Columbus Circle ), and the M20 runs south of 66th Street. The whole line was a single route, the M10, until 2000 when the M20 was created. The M10 and M20 bus routes serve the northern and southern halves of

123-524: A bottleneck at Reade Street. This change was implemented at the end of 1987. In January 1999, the MTA issued a performance report on the M10 route, calling the route "extremely long and unreliable", with long headways between buses. On January 16, 2000, the M10 was split into two routes, with the northern section from Harlem to Penn Station still operating under the M10 designation, and the southern segment from Columbus Circle to Battery Park City being renamed

164-646: A fare increase was denied. Operation was taken over by the New York Railways Corporation on May 1, 1925. The first streetcars in Manhattan were the horse cars of the New York and Harlem Railroad , which began operations on Bowery on November 26, 1832. By the end of 1865, Manhattan had eleven north–south lines on most of the major avenues, and several crosstown lines, operated by twelve companies. This number had increased to about twenty companies by 1886, with only two leases in effect at

205-517: The Avenue C Line , Spring and Delancey Streets Line , Madison Street Line , and Sixth Avenue Ferry Line - were discontinued on September 21, 1919. Bus routes managed by the city, soon known as Mayor John Hylan 's "emergency bus lines", replaced the rail lines. The Spring and Delancey Streets Line was soon ordered resumed by the courts, and operated until 1931. New York Railways Company entered receivership on March 20, 1919 after an application for

246-837: The Christopher and Tenth Street Railroad , which also ran east from the Christopher Street Ferry, on May 28, 1890, and the Central Crosstown was acquired by the Metropolitan Street Railway in May 1897, though not leased until February 8, 1904. By 1907, the line to the Christopher Street Ferry was gone, and the 14th Street-Williamsburg Bridge Line used the 14th Street trackage west of Union Square . Instead, 17th and 18th Streets cars continued south from Union Square on University Place on

287-823: The Columbus and Ninth Avenue Railroad and Lexington Avenue and Pavonia Ferry Railroad in May 1893, the Fulton Street Railroad in October 1895, the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Streets Crosstown Railroad in September 1896, and the Central Crosstown Railroad (which had leased the Christopher and Tenth Street Railroad in 1890) in May 1897. The Traction Company also began leasing its subsidiaries to each other, starting with

328-561: The Eighth Avenue Coach Corporation in March 1936, a company owned by Fifth Avenue Coach Company . The New York City Omnibus Corporation took over operations of the route, known as Route 10, in 1951, and in 1956 it was renamed Fifth Avenue Coach Lines ; the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority replaced it in 1962. On June 6, 1954, with the conversion of several streets to one-way streets,

369-724: The Eighth Avenue Railroad on November 23, 1895, and the New York and Harlem Railroad (City Line) on June 11, 1896. On September 16, 1897, the Metropolitan Traction Company, which had acquired most of Manhattan's street railways, was dissolved, the stock being transferred to the Metropolitan Street Railway. That company signed operating agreements with the Fulton Street Railroad on February 19, 1896 and

410-854: The Metropolitan Cross-Town Railway in March 1891. A new Metropolitan Traction Company of New York , with almost twice the capitalization of the old company, took over on August 4, 1892, and continued to buy street railroads: the Central Park, North and East River Railroad (minority interest) in August 1892, the Forty-second Street and Grand Street Ferry Railroad in March 1893, the Thirty-fourth Street and Eleventh Avenue Railroad in April 1893,

451-620: The Metropolitan Street Railway Company . That company was merged with the Lexington Avenue and Pavonia Ferry Railroad and Metropolitan Cross-Town Railway on May 28, 1894, creating a second company with the same name, and a third Metropolitan Street Railway was formed on November 12, 1895, when it was merged with the Columbus and Ninth Avenue Railroad. The Metropolitan leased two other non-owned lines:

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492-585: The Polo Grounds Towers housing complex. There is no actual intersection with 158th Street at this point. The route travels south on Frederick Douglass Boulevard, which becomes Central Park West at West 110th Street and Frederick Douglass Circle . At West 63rd Street in Lincoln Center, southbound buses turn west, then turn south on Broadway , terminating at 57th Street and Broadway just south of Columbus Circle. Northbound buses travel along

533-828: The Thirty-fourth Street Crosstown Railway (which had been formed in March 1896 by a merger of the Thirty-fourth Street and Eleventh Avenue Railroad with its lessor, the Thirty-fourth Street Railroad ) on December 21, 1896, and acquired a lease on the Second Avenue Railroad on January 28, 1898. The only remaining company was the Third Avenue Railroad , which had built up its own system through ownership and leases. Among

574-597: The Eighth Avenue corridor, respectively. The routes intersect in Upper Midtown Manhattan , between Lincoln Center and Columbus Circle . Until 2000, the two routes were a single M10 route, running 10 miles (16 km) between Harlem and Lower Manhattan. The M10 bus begins in Harlem at Frederick Douglass Boulevard (Eighth Avenue) roughly where 158th Street would be located, on the east side of

615-611: The Houston on February 1 and March 12, 1892. The minority-owned Central Park, North and East River Railroad and majority-owned Forty-second Street and Grand Street Ferry Railroad were leased to not only the Houston, but also the Metropolitan Cross-Town Railway, on October 14, 1892, and April 6, 1893. The Houston merged with the Broadway Railway and South Ferry Railroad on December 12, 1893, forming

656-864: The Interborough and Metropolitan agreed to consolidate their holdings, and the Interborough-Metropolitan Company was incorporated on January 24 and acquired a majority of the stock of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, Metropolitan Street Railway, and Metropolitan Securities Company. The Panic of 1907 toppled the system, and on September 24, 1907, the New York City Railway entered receivership . After entering receivership, New York City Railway's leases and operating agreements were canceled and their properties were turned over to

697-835: The Interurban, which itself took over the stock of many of the Metropolitan's subsidiaries. The Interurban's name was changed to the New York City Railway Company on February 10, 1904. The Metropolitan leased the Central Crosstown Railroad, which it had owned - and through it the Christopher and Tenth Street Railroad - on February 8, 1904. On November 1, 1905, when the Fort George and Eleventh Avenue Railroad - controlled by

738-499: The M10, with riders instead using the M7, the M20, and the subway. M20 ridership increased with the truncation of M10 service and its extension to South Ferry. On April 3, 2011, however, M10 service was extended by two blocks to 57th Street , with the final southbound stop at 58th Street and Broadway and the first northbound stop at 57th Street and Eighth Avenue. Central Crosstown Railroad The 17th and 18th Streets Crosstown Line

779-504: The M20 runs south on West Broadway , then west along Chambers Street past West Street into Battery Park City . The route then travels along North End Avenue, Vesey Street , a short stretch of West Street, South End Avenue, Battery Place, and State Street. The route terminates at Whitehall Street along the Staten Island Ferry Whitehall Terminal bus loop. Northbound M20 buses follow essentially

820-482: The M20. The two routes overlapped between Penn Station and Columbus Circle. Riders transferring between the M10 and the M20 were given an additional free transfer. Since the M10 no longer served Abingdon Square, westbound M14 service was increased during the afternoon. After the September 11 attacks in 2001, M20 service was initially revised to terminate in the northern section of Battery Park City without entering

861-816: The Manhattan street railways, starting by buying the Broadway and Seventh Avenue Railroad , Houston, West Street and Pavonia Ferry Railroad , and Chambers Street and Grand Street Ferry Railroad in June 1886, forming a system of three north–south and two crosstown lines. Added to this system were the South Ferry Railroad in January 1889, the Twenty-third Street Railway in March 1890, the Broadway Railway in October 1890, and

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902-459: The Metropolitan had complete control of the street railways of Manhattan and the Bronx. The Interurban Street Railway Company was incorporated on November 25, 1901, to take over the bankrupt North Mount Vernon Street Railway . The Interurban leased the overcapitalized and water-logged Metropolitan on February 14, 1902, and the newly formed Metropolitan Securities Company acquired the stock of

943-490: The Metropolitan since its incorporation in 1898 - opened its line on 145th Street, it entered into an operating agreement with the New York City Railway. The New York City Interborough Railway began operating street railways in the Bronx and Upper Manhattan on May 31, 1906, feeding the stations of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company , which controlled it. Prior to this, in January 1906,

984-499: The company's lines were two crosstown lines on 42nd Street and 125th Street, two north–south lines on Third Avenue and Broadway, the entire street railway network of the Bronx , and a number of lines in Westchester County . The great cost of electrifying its lines brought it to bankruptcy in 1900, and the Metropolitan acquired a majority of its stock in March of that year and leased it on April 13. With this acquisition,

1025-489: The entire length of Eighth Avenue towards Harlem. Prior to 2010, the M10 continued south to Penn Station at 34th Street. The M20 begins service at Broadway and West 63rd Street in Lincoln Center, at Dante Park . Southbound, the route travels through Columbus Circle, east along 59th Street, and south along Seventh Avenue , which becomes Seventh Avenue South and then Varick Street. At the end of Varick Street in Tribeca ,

1066-850: The leases to the Houston, West Street and Pavonia Ferry Railroad of the Broadway and Seventh Avenue Railroad (May 13, 1890), the Chambers Street and Grand Street Ferry Railroad (January 31, 1891), and the Twenty-third Street Railway, including its lease of the Bleecker Street and Fulton Ferry Railroad (April 25, 1893). Two companies not owned by the Traction Company - the Sixth Avenue Railroad and Ninth Avenue Railroad - were leased to

1107-453: The line from the north end of the trackage shared with the Sixth Avenue Railroad 's Sixth Avenue Line at Canal Street and Varick Street along Canal Street, Hudson Street , and Eighth Avenue to 51st Street on August 30, 1852. It was eventually extended north to 159th Street, with a branch along Macomb's Lane to 154th Street, and another branch to the south along Canal Street east to Broadway . Buses were substituted for streetcars by

1148-576: The receivers of the subsidiaries in 1908: The remaining Metropolitan Street Railway lines were operated by the receivers until January 1, 1912, when they were turned over to the Interborough Consolidated Corporation -controlled Cable Building (New York City) Eighth Avenue Railroad The Eighth Avenue Line is a public transit line in Manhattan , New York City , running mostly along Eighth Avenue from Lower Manhattan to Harlem . Originally

1189-405: The route of the 10 was modified. Eighth Avenue was made one-way northbound between Abingdon Square and Columbus Circle, and Hudson Street was made one-way northbound between Chambers Street and Abingdon Square. Seventh Avenue was made one-way southbound between 47th Street and Houston Street, and Varick Street was made one-way southbound between Houston Street and Leonard Street. Southbound 10 service

1230-530: The route was modified due to the conversion of some two-way streets to one-way streets. Service began running north along Hudson Street and south along Seventh Avenue. On January 16, 1966, the branch of the M10 to Cortlandt Street was cut back to Vesey Street in anticipation of the demapping of several streets for the construction of the World Trade Center . Service used a terminal loop of West Broadway, Vesey Street, Church Street and Reade Street, with

1271-492: The same route through Battery Park City, except using Murray Street instead of Vesey Street. At Chambers Street and West Street, the route turns north onto West Street, east on Harrison Street, then north onto Hudson Street . At Abingdon Square Park and Bleecker Park , Hudson Street feeds into Eighth Avenue, which the M20 follows into Midtown. At West 66th Street, the M20 turns west, then turns south on Broadway, terminating at West 63rd Street. The Eighth Avenue Railroad opened

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1312-783: The southern section of the neighborhood. 700 riders a day headed to the northern section of the neighborhood during this period. On May 6, 2002, the M20's previous route was restored. In December 2002, the MTA announced plans to reroute the M20 from West Street to serve the northern portion of Battery Park City. West Street was difficult to cross, and the M20 could not stop on West Street southbound due to high curbs. Northbound service would travel north via West Street, west via Murray Street, north of North End Avenue, and east on Chambers Street before heading back to its previous route, while southbound service would head west on Chambers Street, south on North End Avenue, east on Vesey Street, and south on West Street, before resuming its previous route. The change

1353-768: The terminal being located at Park Place. Previously service had traveled south along West Broadway, west on Cortlandt Street, north on the West Side Highway, east on Dey Street, and north on Church Street. On May 9, 1977, weekday limited-stop service began on the M10, operating northbound between 4 p.m. and 5:20 p.m., and southbound between 6:40 a.m. and 8:30 a.m.. The New York City Transit Authority proposed officially eliminating M10 Limited service along 145th Street and Lenox Avenue to Esplanade Gardens at 147th Street on December 30, 1986. Two southbound trips and three northbound trips had operated to this terminal, but due to passenger confusion and low ridership, this service

1394-710: The time: the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Street Railroad to the Third Avenue Railroad (1870) and the Bleecker Street and Fulton Ferry Railroad to the Twenty-third Street Railway (1876). A group of Philadelphia businessmen headed by Peter A. B. Widener , Thomas Dolan, and William L. Elkins incorporated the Metropolitan Traction Company in New Jersey on February 19, 1886. This holding company immediately started acquiring

1435-588: The west side starting at 47th Street on June 12, 1954. Instead, at the request of T. T. Wiley, the Traffic Commissioner, Route 8 was discontinued and combined with Route 10 on June 13. This change eliminated a u-turn at Central Park South and Seventh Avenue. In 1962, when the Surface Company bought the route they put one bus service for the entire length. This was given the route number 10, which then became bus M10. In Fiscal Year 1963,

1476-641: Was a public transit line in Manhattan , New York City , United States , running mostly along 14th Street , 17th Street , and 18th Street from the West 14th Street Ferry in Chelsea and Christopher Street Ferry in the West Village to the East 23rd Street Ferry at Peter Cooper Village . It was not replaced with a trolley line or bus route when it was abandoned in 1913. The Central Crosstown Railroad

1517-847: Was chartered March 28, 1873, and opened within a few years. The original line began at the Christopher Street Ferry and ran north on West Street (west of the Central Park, North and East River trackage), northeast on 11th Street , north on 7th Avenue (along Broadway and Seventh Avenue Railroad trackage), east on 14th Street to Union Square , north on Broadway (also Broadway and Seventh Avenue Railroad trackage), east on 17th Street (eastbound) and 18th Street (westbound), north on 1st Avenue ( Central Park, North and East River Railroad trackage), and east on 23rd Street . Another line opened later, continuing west on 14th Street, including Bleecker Street and Fulton Ferry Railroad trackage west of 9th Avenue . The company leased

1558-708: Was ended in late 1986 by the Surface Operations Department. The official change would reroute these trips to the usual northern terminal at 159th Street, and would take effect in March 1987. On April 22, 1987, the New York City Transit Authority proposed several modifications to bus routes in Lower Manhattan to serve Battery Park City to the MTA Board, including the extension of the M10. Southbound service

1599-539: Was estimated to cost $ 160,000 annually, and would take effect in January 2003. Due to budget constraints during the Great Recession , M10 buses' southern terminus was truncated to Columbus Circle on June 27, 2010. On the same day, the M20 was extended to South Ferry, replacing the section of the M9 south of City Hall . The truncation, which saved $ 1.1 million annually, resulted in a significant drop in ridership on

1640-584: Was extended south along West Broadway, west along Vesey Street, south along West Street, west on West Thames Street, and north on Sound End Avenue to the terminal at Liberty Street. Northbound service then ran north along South End Avenue, east along Liberty Street, north on West Street, east on Harrison Street and north via Hudson Street before returning to the existing route. This change eliminated service at four stops along Church Street and Reade Street, and service along Hudson Street between West Broadway and Harrison Street, affecting fewer than 100 riders, and removed

1681-403: Was rerouted along Broadway from Columbus Circle to Times Square, Seventh Avenue to West Broadway and West Broadway to Leonard Street. Initially, New York City Omnibus planned to reroute northbound Route 8 buses along Seventh Avenue to Hudson Street and Eighth Avenue for its entire route between 59th Street and Canal Street, and reroute a portion of southbound service from Times Square's east side to

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