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62-488: Meride is a village and former municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . On 14 April 2013 the former municipalities of Besazio , Ligornetto and Meride merged into the municipality of Mendrisio . Meride is first mentioned in 852 as Melede . In 1430 it was mentioned as Merede . The area around Meride is of great interest to geologists and paleontologists , due to

124-454: A Terzi (third) of the Pieve. The Terzi shared the grazing and timber rights to the surrounding fields and forests. In 1483, Meride separated from the mother church at Riva San Vitale, and became an independent parish. In the same year, the former parish church of San Silvestro, was built on a hill above the village. San Silvestro stands on the remains of what was probably a castle, and

186-812: A Triassic chalk formation, the so-called Meridekalk . Excavation projects at the Monte San Giorgio in the chalk have discovered several new fossils. In 963, the Benedictine abbey of S. Ambrogio in Milan gave their property and farms in Meride to the monastery of San Pietro in Lodi . During the Middle Ages it was part of the Pieve of Riva San Vitale . It formed, along with Besazio and Tremona ,

248-477: A certain time in Switzerland are also allowed to participate in municipal politics. As at the cantonal and federal level, citizens enjoy political rights, including direct democratic ones, in their municipality. Municipalities are financed through direct taxes (such as income tax ), with rates varying more or less within a framework set by the canton (see Taxation in Switzerland ). As among the cantons, there

310-548: A few dozen people ( Kammersrohr , Bister ), and their territory between 0.32 km² ( Rivaz ) and 439 km² ( Scuol ). The beginnings of the modern municipality system date back to the Helvetic Republic . Under the Old Swiss Confederacy , citizenship was granted by each town and village to only residents. These citizens enjoyed access to community property and in some cases additional protection under

372-459: A full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 4 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 3 who attend part-time. The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There was 1 student in the professional program. As of 2000, there were 43 students from Meride who attended schools outside

434-410: A hotel or restaurant, 5 or 17.9% were in the information industry and 2 or 7.1% were in education. In 2000, there were 26 workers who commuted into the municipality and 95 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.7 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 34.6% of the workforce coming into Meride are coming from outside Switzerland. Of

496-432: A standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 11 students attended the standard primary schools and 2 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two-year middle school followed by a two-year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four-year program to prepare for higher education. There were 15 students in the two-year middle school, while 9 students were in

558-451: A sufficiently small time interval: A positive growth rate indicates that the population is increasing, while a negative growth rate indicates that the population is decreasing. A growth ratio of zero indicates that there were the same number of individuals at the beginning and end of the period—a growth rate may be zero even when there are significant changes in the birth rates , death rates , immigration rates , and age distribution between

620-400: A total of 137 apartments (66.5% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 66 apartments (32.0%) were seasonally occupied and 3 apartments (1.5%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2008, was 0%. As of 2007, the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The historical population is given in the following chart: The Church of S. Silvestro

682-486: Is Quartered gules and argent in each chief quarters a mullet of eight counterchanged and overall on a fess or a gates with two towers azure. Meride had a population (as of 2011) of 314. As of 2008, 5.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 1.9%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks Italian (84.6%), with German being second most common (11.6%) and French being third (1.4%). Of

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744-600: Is 54 people or 16.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 26 people or 7.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 31 people or 9.4% who are over 80. As of 2000, there were 137 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.1 persons per household. In 2000 there were 105 single family homes (or 70.5% of the total) out of a total of 149 inhabited buildings. There were 35 multi-family buildings (23.5%), along with 4 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (2.7%) and 5 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (3.4%). Of

806-469: Is a separable differential equation, the population may be solved explicitly, producing a logistic function : where A = K − P 0 P 0 {\displaystyle A={\frac {K-P_{0}}{P_{0}}}} and P 0 {\displaystyle P_{0}} is the initial population at time 0. The world population growth rate peaked in 1963 at 2.2% per year and subsequently declined. In 2017,

868-449: Is a tax transfer among the municipalities to balance various levels of tax income. Switzerland has a relatively high number of small municipalities, with a population of 1,000 or less, especially in rural areas. Because of the increasing difficulty in providing professional government services and in finding volunteers for political offices in small municipalities, the cantons tend to encourage voluntary mergers of municipalities. This led to

930-471: Is heavily forested and 1.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 7.6% is used for growing crops, while 1.5% is used for orchards or vine crops. The municipality is located in the Mendrisio district. It stretches from the peak of San Giorgio mountain down to the lower slope of the mountain, where the village center lies. The blazon of the municipal coat of arms

992-452: Is in direct contrast with less developed contexts, where population growth is still happening. Globally, the rate of population growth has declined from a peak of 2.2% per year in 1963. Population growth alongside increased consumption is a driver of environmental concerns , such as biodiversity loss and climate change , due to overexploitation of natural resources for human development . International policy focused on mitigating

1054-689: Is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance . The entire village of Meride is listed as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 39.08% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (36.42%), the FDP (7.82%) and the Green Party (7.17%). In the federal election, a total of 160 votes were cast, and

1116-402: Is the rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period, expressed as a fraction of the initial population. Specifically, population growth rate refers to the change in population over a unit time period, often expressed as a percentage of the number of individuals in the population at the beginning of that period. This can be written as the formula, valid for

1178-410: Is used for agricultural purposes, while 6.61 km (2.55 sq mi) or 88.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.13 km (32 acres) or 1.7% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.05 km (12 acres) or 0.7% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.8%. Out of the forested land, 86.3% of the total land area

1240-715: The Bürgergemeinde /bourgeoisie. During the Mediation era (1803–1814), and especially during the Restoration era (1814–1830), many of the gains toward uniform citizenship were lost. Many political municipalities were abolished and limits were placed on the exercise of political rights for everyone except the members of the Bürgergemeinde . In the Regeneration era (1830–1848), the liberal revolutions of

1302-501: The Bürgergemeinde in the population was reduced as a result of increasing emigration to the cities. This led to the Bürgergemeinde losing its former importance to a large extent. However, the Bürgergemeinde has remained, and it includes all individuals who are citizens of the Bürgergemeinde , usually by having inherited the Bürgerrecht (citizenship), regardless of where they were born or where they may currently live. Instead of

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1364-509: The DRC are witnessing a similar growth in population. The following table gives some example countries or territories: Human population projections are attempts to extrapolate how human populations will change in the future. These projections are an important input to forecasts of the population's impact on this planet and humanity's future well-being. Models of population growth take trends in human development and apply projections into

1426-722: The PLRT (with 15 or 7.6%). In the 2007 Consiglio di Stato election, 2 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 198 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PS which received 71 or 35.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 70 or 35.4%), the SSI (with 27 or 13.6%) and the PLRT (with 14 or 7.1%). As of  2007, Meride had an unemployment rate of 2.86%. As of 2005, there were 17 people employed in

1488-526: The global population to increase from 1.6 billion in 1900 to 7.7 billion by November 2019. Some of the reasons for the "Modern Rise of Population" were particularly investigated by the British health scientist Thomas McKeown (1912–1988). In his publications, McKeown challenged four theories about the population growth: Although the McKeown thesis has been heavily disputed, recent studies have confirmed

1550-519: The industrial revolution . The most significant increase in the world's population has been since the 1950s, mainly due to medical advancements and increases in agricultural productivity . Due to its dramatic impact on the human ability to grow food, the Haber process , named after one of its inventors, the German chemist Fritz Haber , served as the "detonator of the population explosion ", enabling

1612-637: The place of birth , Swiss legal documents, e.g. passports, contain the Bürgerort (place of citizenship, or place of origin ). The Bürgergemeinde also often holds and administers the common property in the village for the members of the community. Each canton determines the powers and responsibilities of its municipalities. These may include providing local government services such as education, medical and social services, public transportation, and tax collection. The degree of centralization varies from one canton to another. The federal constitution protects

1674-504: The population is declining , especially in Eastern Europe , mainly due to low fertility rates , high death rates and emigration . In Southern Africa , growth is slowing due to the high number of AIDS-related deaths. Some Western Europe countries might also experience population decline. Japan's population began decreasing in 2005. The United Nations Population Division projects world population to reach 11.2 billion by

1736-408: The primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 33 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 13 businesses in this sector. There were 133 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 45.9% of the workforce. In 2008's statistics

1798-513: The voter turnout was 46.1%. In the 2007 Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 254 registered voters in Meride, of which 201 or 79.1% voted. 3 blank ballots were cast, leaving 198 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD +GenGiova which received 66 or 33.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 62 or 31.3%), the SSI (with 30 or 15.2%) and

1860-491: The 20th century the continual population decline continued, until the 1990s when new living spaces allowed the population to stabilize. In 2000 two-thirds of the working population commuted to other municipalities for work. In 1973 a fossil museum opened in Meride. More recently, the summer tourism industry has gained a foothold in the village. Before the merger, Meride had a total area of 7.5 km (2.9 sq mi). Of this area, 0.74 km (0.29 sq mi) or 9.9%

1922-513: The Swiss national languages (as of 2000), 34 speak German, 4 people speak French, 248 people speak Italian, and 2 people speak Romansh . The remainder (5 people) speak another language. As of 2008, the gender distribution of the population was 47.4% male and 52.6% female. The population was made up of 143 Swiss men (43.2% of the population), and 14 (4.2%) non-Swiss men. There were 167 Swiss women (50.5%), and 7 (2.1%) non-Swiss women. In 2008 there

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1984-457: The UN projected that the world population, 8 billion as of 2023 , would peak around the year 2086 at about 10.4 billion, and then start a slow decline, assuming a continuing decrease in the global average fertility rate from 2.5 births per woman during the 2015–2020 period to 1.8 by the year 2100 (the medium-variant projection). The UN’s 2024 report has revised the peak population to 10.3 billion in

2046-481: The administration and profit from the property were totally held by the Bürgergemeinden , leaving the political municipality dependent on the Bürgergemeinde for money and use of the property. It was not until the political municipality acquired rights over property that served the public (such as schools, fire stations, etc.) and taxes, that they obtained full independence. For example, in the city of Bern, it

2108-403: The autonomy of municipalities within the framework set out by cantonal law. Municipalities are generally governed by an executive council headed by a president or mayor . Legislative authority is exercised by a town meeting of all citizens, or by a municipal parliament, depending on the size of the municipality, and on cantonal and municipal law. In some cantons, foreigners who have lived for

2170-508: The common people helped to restore some rights again in a few cantons. In other cantons, the Bürgergemeinden were able to maintain power as political communities. In the city of Zürich it was not until the Municipal Act of 1866 that the political municipality came back into existence. The relationship between the political municipality and the Bürgergemeinde was often dominated by the latter's ownership of community property. Often

2232-482: The end of the Black Death , around the year 1350. A mix of technological advancement that improved agricultural productivity and sanitation and medical advancement that reduced mortality increased population growth. In some geographies, this has slowed through the process called the demographic transition , where many nations with high standards of living have seen a significant slowing of population growth. This

2294-532: The end of the 21st century. The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation projects that the global population will peak in 2064 at 9.73 billion and decline to 8.89 billion in 2100. A 2014 study in Science concludes that the global population will reach 11 billion by 2100, with a 70% chance of continued growth into the 22nd century. The German Foundation for World Population reported in December 2019 that

2356-485: The estimated annual growth rate was 1.1%. The CIA World Factbook gives the world annual birthrate, mortality rate, and growth rate as 1.86%, 0.78%, and 1.08% respectively. The last 100 years have seen a massive fourfold increase in the population, due to medical advances , lower mortality rates, and an increase in agricultural productivity made possible by the Green Revolution . The annual increase in

2418-456: The four-year advanced program. The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as

2480-621: The future. These models use trend-based-assumptions about how populations will respond to economic, social and technological forces to understand how they will affect fertility and mortality , and thus population growth. The 2022 projections from the United Nations Population Division (chart #1) show that annual world population growth peaked at 2.3% per year in 1963, has since dropped to 0.9% in 2023, equivalent to about 74 million people each year, and could drop even further to minus 0.1% by 2100. Based on this,

2542-574: The global human population grows by 2.6 people every second, and could reach 8 billion by 2023. According to United Nations population statistics, the world population grew by 30%, or 1.6 billion humans, between 1990 and 2010. In number of people the increase was highest in India (350 million) and China (196 million). Population growth rate was among highest in the United Arab Emirates (315%) and Qatar (271%). Many of

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2604-548: The impact of human population growth is concentrated in the Sustainable Development Goals which seeks to improve the standard of living globally while reducing the impact of society on the environment while advancing human well-being. World population has been rising continuously since the end of the Black Death , around the year 1350. Population began growing rapidly in the Western world during

2666-460: The law. Additionally, the urban towns and the rural villages had differing rights and laws. The creation of a uniform Swiss citizenship, which applied equally for citizens of the old towns and their tenants and servants, led to conflict. The wealthier villagers and urban citizens held rights to forests, common land and other municipal property which they did not want to share with the "new citizens", who were generally poor. The compromise solution, which

2728-471: The municipalities under cantonal or federal law. Municipalities are numbered by the Swiss Federal Office for Statistics (see Community Identification Number#Switzerland ). One or more postal codes (PLZ/NPA) can by assigned to a municipality or shared with other municipalities. Between 2011 and 2021 nine of the smallest municipalities merged into others as part of the effort to eliminate

2790-761: The municipality. Municipalities of Switzerland Municipalities ( German : Gemeinden , Einwohnergemeinden or politische Gemeinden ; French : communes ; Italian : comuni ; Romansh : vischnancas ) are the lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of the Swiss cantons , which form the Swiss Confederation . In most cantons, municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions. There are 2,131 municipalities as of January 2024 . Their populations range between several hundred thousand ( Zürich ), and

2852-688: The number of living humans peaked at 88.0 million in 1989, then slowly declined to 73.9 million in 2003, after which it rose again to 75.2 million in 2006. In 2017, the human population increased by 83 million. Generally, developed nations have seen a decline in their growth rates in recent decades, though annual growth rates remain above 2% in some countries of the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa , and also in South Asia , Southeast Asia , and Latin America . In some countries

2914-436: The number of municipalities dropping by 384 between the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2019. Some municipalities designate themselves as "city" ( ville or Stadt ) or as "village" ( Dorf ). These designations result from tradition or local preference – for example, several small municipalities designated as cities held city rights in medieval times – and normally do not impact the legal or political rights or obligations of

2976-439: The population has reached its carrying capacity , it will stabilize and the exponential curve will level off towards the carrying capacity, which is usually when a population has depleted most its natural resources . In the world human population, growth may be said to have been following a linear trend throughout the last few decades. The growth of a population can often be modelled by the logistic equation where As it

3038-516: The population) did not answer the question. In Meride about 79.9% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). In Meride there were a total of 51 students (as of 2009). The Ticino education system provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten and in Meride there were 6 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both

3100-416: The remains of which were integrated into the church. The current parish church of San Rocco, was built in 1578, expanded in 1770–72 and restored in 1969–70. On a hill near the village, a hermitage was built by the blessed Manfredo Settala (12th century-1217). Next to the hermitage, the 13th century chapel of Saint George was built. In the past farming and grazing was the main occupation. In

3162-403: The single family homes 24 were built before 1919, while 12 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (41) were built between 1919 and 1945. In 2000 there were 206 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 52. There were 6 single room apartments and 64 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments,

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3224-434: The smallest communities. Only Bister has not merged into a new municipality although the smallest municipality is now Kammersrohr with a population of just 32. In addition to the municipalities as basic territorial political subdivisions, a number of other local subdivisions exist in several cantons. These include: Population growth#Population growth rate The world human population has been growing since

3286-448: The total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 39. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 9, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 2, all of which were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 28. In the tertiary sector; 2 or 7.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 or 3.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 10 or 35.7% were in

3348-411: The two times. A related measure is the net reproduction rate . In the absence of migration, a net reproduction rate of more than 1 indicates that the population of females is increasing, while a net reproduction rate less than one ( sub-replacement fertility ) indicates that the population of females is decreasing. Most populations do not grow exponentially, rather they follow a logistic model . Once

3410-406: The value of his ideas. His work is pivotal for present day thinking about population growth, birth control, public health and medical care. McKeown had a major influence on many population researchers, such as health economists and Nobel prize winners Robert W. Fogel (1993) and Angus Deaton (2015). The latter considered McKeown as "the founder of social medicine ". The "population growth rate"

3472-492: The working population, 5.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 64.7% used a private car. As of 2009, there was one hotel in Meride. From the 2000 census, 219 or 74.7% were Roman Catholic , while 21 or 7.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . There are 49 individuals (or about 16.72% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 4 individuals (or about 1.37% of

3534-693: The world's countries, including many in Sub-Saharan Africa , the Middle East , South Asia and South East Asia , have seen a sharp rise in population since the end of the Cold War . The fear is that high population numbers are putting further strain on natural resources, food supplies, fuel supplies, employment, housing, etc. in some of the less fortunate countries. For example, the population of Chad has ultimately grown from 6,279,921 in 1993 to 10,329,208 in 2009, further straining its resources. Vietnam , Mexico , Nigeria , Egypt , Ethiopia , and

3596-582: The year 2084. However, estimates outside of the United Nations have put forward alternative models based on additional downward pressure on fertility (such as successful implementation of education and family planning goals in the UN's Sustainable Development Goals ) which could result in peak population during the 2060–2070 period rather than later. Even though the global fertility rate continues to fall, chart #2 shows that because of population momentum

3658-485: Was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and were 3 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 2 while the foreign population remained the same. There was 1 Swiss man and 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss woman who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders)

3720-566: Was an increase of 6 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 1 people. This represents a population growth rate of 1.5%. The age distribution, as of 2009, in Meride is; 20 children or 6.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 31 teenagers or 9.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 37 people or 11.2% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 37 people or 11.2% are between 30 and 39, 48 people or 14.5% are between 40 and 49, and 47 people or 14.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution

3782-489: Was not until after the property division of 1852 that the political municipality had the right to levy taxes. It was not until the Federal Constitution of 1874 that all Swiss citizens were granted equal political rights on local and Federal levels. This revised constitution finally removed all the political voting and electoral body rights from the Bürgergemeinde . In the cities, the percentage of members in

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3844-489: Was written into the municipal laws of the Helvetic Republic, is still valid today. Two politically separate but often geographically similar organizations were created. The first, the so-called municipality, was a political community formed by election and its voting body consists of all resident citizens. However, the community land and property remained with the former local citizens who were gathered together into

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