Light truck or light-duty truck is a US classification for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight up to 8,500 pounds (3,860 kg) and a payload capacity up to 4,000 pounds (1,814 kg). Similar goods vehicle classes in the European Union , Canada , Australia , and New Zealand are termed light commercial vehicles and are limited to a gross vehicle weight of up to 3,500 kg (7,720 pounds).
28-434: (Redirected from Minitruck ) Tiny but practical light trucks [REDACTED] This article includes a list of general references , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. ( January 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Mini truck , also called
56-515: A micro-truck or mini-lorry , are tiny but practical light trucks , available in RWD or 4WD version, originally built to satisfy the Japanese keijidōsha (軽自動車) statutory class of light vehicles. Generally they fall under sub 1000cc engine category. These vehicles find their use in intra-city low tonnage cargo delivery, like postal and courier services or home delivery of appliances from dealer to
84-466: A class C1 licence. Anyone with a class C licence can drive class C1 vehicles. In the United States, three important GVWR limitations are 6,000, 8,500, and 26,000 pounds [lb] (2,722, 3,856, and 11,793 kg). Vehicles over 6,000 lb are restricted from some city roadways, although it is not always clear if this restriction is for actual curb weight or GVWR. Commercial vehicles over
112-633: A different class of licence is required. A vehicle with a GVM up to 4,500 kg is termed a light vehicle, while those over 4,500 kg are termed heavy vehicles. Many models of small trucks are manufactured to have a GVM rating of 5,000 to 7,000 kg (11,023 to 15,432 lb) but sold with the option of a GVM of just under 4,500 kg so that they can be driven on a car licence. Many minor roads, including some in rural areas and some in suburban areas, have GVM restrictions such as 5,000 kg or 8,000 kg. These restrictions may be applied for technical reasons such as load limited bridges, or as
140-538: A full tank of fuel, while not loaded with either passengers or cargo. The gross vehicle weight is larger and includes the maximum payload of passengers and cargo. This definition may differ from definitions used by governmental regulatory agencies or other organizations. For example, many European Union manufacturers include the weight of a 75-kilogram (165 lb) driver and luggage to follow European Directive 95/48/EC. Organizations may also define curb weight with fixed levels of fuel and other variables to equalize
168-832: A light-duty truck to be any motor vehicle having a gross vehicle weight rating ( curb weight plus payload ) of no more than 8,500 pounds (3,860 kg) which is “(1) Designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivation of such a vehicle, or (2) Designed primarily for transportation of persons and has a capacity of more than 12 persons, or (3) Available with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use.” Light trucks includes vans , pickups , and sport utility vehicles . Vehicles in this category are far more likely to kill or injure pedestrians than smaller passenger cars. Under federal regulations, crafted with heavy lobbying input, cars must meet tougher emissions and mileage rules than light trucks. Vehicles that have larger “footprints,” measured as
196-470: A method of reducing the number of heavy vehicles on local roads. A standard car driving licence issued by an EU country (i.e. class B) limits the licence-holder to driving vehicles with a "maximum authorised mass" (i.e. GVWR) of 3,500 kg (7,700 lb). This includes holders of UK class B driving licences who passed their driving tests on or after 1 January 1997. A UK driving licence holder who passed his or her class B driving test in or before 1996
224-403: A trailer with a Gross Trailer Weight over 10,000 lb (4,536 kg) where the combined weight ratings of the vehicle and trailer are greater than 26,000 lbs. Laws vary from state to state, but typically vehicles over 10,000 lb are required to stop at weigh stations . Sometimes large passenger or non-commercial vehicles such as RVs are exempt from this. Additionally, many states use
252-570: A vehicle is rated to tow by the manufacturer. In the United States and Canada, the static tongue load, the weight of the trailer as measured at the trailer coupling, is generally recommended to be 10–15% of the GTWR. In the United States and Canada, there are four main weight classes of trailer hitches as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE): The gross combined weight rating or gross combination weight rating (GCWR), also referred to as
280-449: Is a measurement of wheeled motor vehicles; either an actual measured weight of the vehicle under defined conditions or a gross weight rating for its weight carrying capacity. Curb weight (American English) or kerb weight (British English) is the total mass of a vehicle with standard equipment and all necessary operating consumables such as motor oil , transmission oil, brake fluid , coolant , air conditioning refrigerant, and sometimes
308-443: Is limited to driving vehicles with a GVWR of 7,500 kg (16,500 lb) or less, including minibuses not used for hire or reward. Anyone looking to drive a heavy goods vehicle (i.e. any vehicle other than those used for passenger transport) with a GVWR of over 7,500 kg (16,500 lb) must obtain a class C licence. Anyone looking to drive any vehicle with a GVWR of up to 3,500–7,500 kg (7,700–16,500 lb) must obtain
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#1732798704075336-469: Is no standardized way to test the dry weight of a motorcycle. Inconsistencies will almost always be found between a motorcycle manufacturer's published dry weight and motorcycle press and media outlet's published dry weight. This is due to different testing techniques, differences in what is being excluded, and a lack of defining how testing was conducted by the organization doing the testing. The gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), or gross vehicle mass (GVM),
364-477: Is significantly less than the weight of a vehicle in a drivable condition and therefore rarely used. Quoting a dry weight can make a car's weight and power-to-weight figures appear far more favorable than those of rival cars using curb weight . The difference between dry weight and curb weight depends on many variables such as the capacity of the fuel tank. There is no standard for dry weight, so it's open to interpretations. Some vehicle manufacturers have used
392-445: Is the maximum operating weight/mass of a vehicle as specified by the manufacturer including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo but excluding that of any trailers . The weight of a vehicle is influenced by passengers, cargo, even fuel level, so a number of terms are used to express the weight of a vehicle in a designated state. Gross combined weight rating (GCWR) refers to
420-483: The fourth power of the axle weight. This means that doubling the axle weight will increase road damage (2x2x2x2)=16 times. For this reason, trucks with a high axle weight are heavily taxed in most countries. Examples of GAWR on common axles: In the EU and U.S. legal maximum load restrictions are placed on weight, independent of the manufacturer's rating. In the EU a tractor can generally have 10 tonnes (22,000 lb) on
448-639: The 8,500 lb threshold are required to have insurance under the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 and 49 CFR 387.303 . Vehicles or combinations with a GVWR over 26,000 lb (11,793 kg) generally require a Commercial Driver License (CDL) or a Non-Commercial Class "A" or "B" license. A CDL is also required for certain vehicles under 26,000 lb GVWR, such as buses and for-hire passenger vehicles of 16 or more passengers, all vehicles transporting placarded hazardous materials or wastes regardless of weight or load class, and any vehicle towing
476-680: The GVWR for registration purposes, where over a certain weight such as 8,000 lb, a mill rate is applied to the GVWR to arrive at a registration fee. . On vehicles designed for the North American market, the GVWR can be found alongside other vehicle technical specifications on the Vehicle ID Plate that is usually located on the interior of the B-pillar according to U.S. or Canadian Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (inside
504-615: The area between the points where the wheels touch the ground, are allowed less stringent emissions standards. A less than 1 square meter increase in the footprint of a vehicle allows for 2% to 3% more carbon dioxide emissions. The United States government uses light truck as a vehicle class in regulating fuel economy through the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard. The class includes vans , minivans , sport utility vehicles , and pickups . Light trucks have lower fuel economy standards than cars, under
532-472: The capacity of the radiator , and the ability of the chassis to withstand that torque. The gross axle weight rating (GAWR) is the maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle. Typically, GAWR is followed by either the letters FR or RR, which indicate front or rear axles respectively. Road damage rises steeply with axle weight, and is estimated "as a rule of thumb... for reasonably strong pavement surfaces" to be proportional to
560-623: The customer i.e. light loads over short distances. Worldwide usage [ edit ] [REDACTED] The Tata Ace was India's first mini truck Mini Trucks in Japan Mini Trucks in India See also [ edit ] Microvan Pickup truck UTV References [ edit ] ^ "Mini-truck state laws" . www.iihs.org . Archived from the original on 2008-08-05. External links [ edit ] Tata Ace Mini Trucks Tata Ace
588-427: The driver's door, near the door latch). Most U.S. and Australian commercial trucks are required by licensing authorities to have this information printed on the outside of the vehicle, and for it to be clearly visible from a specified distance. The gross trailer weight rating (GTWR) is the total mass of a road trailer that is loaded to capacity, including the weight of the trailer itself, plus fluids and cargo, that
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#1732798704075616-424: The gross combination mass (GCM), gross train weight (GTW), is the maximum allowable combined mass of a road vehicle, the passengers and cargo in the tow vehicle, plus the mass of the trailer and cargo in the trailer. This rating is set by the vehicle manufacturer. The GCWR is a function of the torque output of the engine, the capacity and ratios of the transmission , the capacity of the driving axles and tires ,
644-460: The premise that these vehicles are used for utilitarian purposes rather than personal transportation. Because of their body-on-frame construction method, they are heavier than a unibody vehicle of the same size. Light truck manufacturing in the United States is protected by the Chicken Tax , a 25% tariff on imported light trucks. Gross vehicle weight rating Vehicle weight
672-445: The term shipping weight , which refers to the vehicle in as-built, no-option condition. This would include engine oil, coolant, brake fluid and at least some small quantity of fuel, as vehicles have traditionally been driven off the assembly line and these fluids were necessary to do so. The dry weight of a motorcycle excludes some or all of the following: gasoline (or other fuel), engine oil, coolant, brake fluid, or battery . There
700-401: The total mass of a vehicle including all trailers. GVWR and GCWR are used to specify weight limitations and restrictions. Gross trailer weight rating specifies the maximum weight of a trailer and the gross axle weight rating specifies the maximum weight on any particular axle. A car driver licence is limited to driving vehicles up to a maximum GVM of 4,500 kg (9,921 lb). Beyond this,
728-419: The value for the comparison of different vehicles. The EU-directive actually defines Mass in running order, not curb-weight. Mass in running order is without the 75kg driver mentioned above. Definition of mass in running order stated in the directive. The United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations define curb weight as follows: Curb weight means the actual or the manufacturer's estimated weight of
756-421: The vehicle in operational status with all standard equipment, and weight of fuel at nominal tank capacity, and the weight of optional equipment computed in accordance with §86.1832–01; incomplete light-duty trucks shall have the curb weight specified by the manufacturer. For a motorcycle, wet weight is the equivalent term. Dry weight is the weight of a vehicle without any consumables, passengers, or cargo. It
784-1078: Was India's first mini truck also called Chota hathi in India Mini-truck state laws Summary of Mini-truck Laws in the US States New law paves the way for Japanese mini-trucks to roam Tulsa streets Truck bill passes in Louisiana (Note 'Kie' misspelling) Mini trucks reach Calhoun Co, MS Japanese Mini trucks Mini trucks Maintenance and custom from Japan Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mini_truck&oldid=1236350939 " Category : Light trucks Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description with empty Wikidata description Articles lacking in-text citations from January 2024 All articles lacking in-text citations All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from January 2024 Light truck Federal regulations define
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