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26-875: (Redirected from Mycenean ) Not to be confused with Messenian . [REDACTED] Look up mycenaean in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mycenaean may refer to: Something from or belonging to the ancient town of Mycenae in the Peloponnese in Greece Mycenaean Greece , the Greek-speaking regions of the Aegean Sea as of the Late Bronze Age Mycenaean language , an ancient form of Greek Helladic period ,

52-559: A metropolis ), but it can also be exempt. Each eparchy is divided into parishes , in the same manner as a diocese in Western Churches. Historical development of eparchies in various Eastern Churches was marked by local distinctions that can be observed in modern ecclesiastical practices of the Eastern Orthodox Church , Oriental Orthodox Churches and Eastern Catholic Churches . The English word eparchy

78-528: A metropolitan (bishop of the provincial capital). Since civil provinces were called eparchies in Greek, the same term was used to define ecclesiastical provinces. Such use became customary, and metropolitan provinces came to be known as eparchies . Throughout the late antiquity and the early medieval period, within Eastern Orthodox terminology, the term eparchy remained a common designation for

104-495: A metropolitan province i.e. metropolis ( Greek : μητρόπολις , Latin : metropolis ). During the later medieval period, terminology started to shift, particularly within the Patriarchate of Constantinople . The process of title-inflation that was affecting Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy also gained momentum in ecclesiastical circles. In order to promote centralization, patriarchal authorities started to multiply

130-449: Is Costa Navarino a location on the border between Pylos and Trifylia , comprising several eco-friendly luxury resorts and golf courses, which is Greece's biggest tourist development. There are many small- and medium-size firms involved in the processing and standardization of agricultural products as well as a number of enterprises devoted to wood processing , furniture manufacturing, and metal construction. The Karelia tobacco company

156-420: Is an anglicized term that comes from the original Greek word ( Koinē Greek : ἐπαρχία , romanized:  eparchía , lit.   'overlordship', Byzantine Greek pronunciation: [e.parˈçi.a] ). It is an abstract noun , formed with an intensive prefix ( ἐπι- , epi- , lit.   ' over- ' + ἄρχειν , árchein , lit.   ' to be ruler ' ). It

182-620: Is based in Kalamata. The main airport in Messenia is Kalamata International Airport (KLX). The main highways in Messenia are: The main railways in Messenia (meter gauge) are: Messenia is mentioned in the oldest work of European literature, the Iliad . The name undoubtedly goes back to at least the Bronze Age, but its origins are lost in the world of mythology. The region was one of

208-661: Is commonly Latinized as eparchia . The term can be loosely translated as the rule over something (literally: an overlordship). The term had various meanings and multiple uses throughout history, mainly in politics and administration, starting from the Hellenistic period , and continuing throughout the Roman era . In the Greco-Roman world , it was used as a Greek equivalent for the Latin term provincia , denoting province ,

234-609: Is complemented by a small amount of stockbreeding products (beef, milk, sfela cheese, honey) and fish from the Gulf of Messenia. The tourist development observed is mainly attributable to the promotion of important archaeological sites, such as the Palace of Nestor , Ancient Messene , and the Venetian castles of Pylos , Koroni , Methoni and Kalamata , as well as to the beauty of the landscape. Another key factor for Messenia's economy

260-510: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Messenian Messenia borders on Elis to the north, Arcadia to the northeast, and Laconia to the southeast. The Ionian Sea lies to the west, and the Gulf of Messinia to the south. The most important mountain ranges are the Taygetus in

286-801: Is used in local variants, and also has various equivalents in local languages. Eparchies of the main Eastern Orthodox churches: In the Eastern Catholic Churches , eparchy is equivalent to a diocese of the Latin Church , and its bishop can be called an eparch (equivalent to a diocesan of the Latin Church). Similarly, an archeparchy is equivalent to an archdiocese of the Latin Church and its bishop can be called an archeparch (equivalent to an archbishop of

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312-556: The " Kapodistrias reform ". Some of the enlarged municipalities ( demoi ) created in 2011 have a territory similar to the former provinces. The main cities and towns of Messenia are (ranked by 2021 census population): The economy of Messenia is primarily based on agricultural production although in recent years efforts are being made toward the development of activities in other sectors such as tourism. Main agricultural products are olive oil, Kalamata table olives , figs, and black raisins (sultanas). The variety of agricultural products

338-746: The 1680s, the whole of Messenia was regained by the Venetian Republic in the Morean War , and formed part of the " Kingdom of the Morea " until recovered by the Ottomans in 1715. The Mani Peninsula , a part of modern Messenia, remained autonomous from Turkish rule. Messenia became part of independent Greece as a result of the Greek War of Independence (1821-1832). The famous naval Battle of Navarino took place near present Pylos in 1827, and

364-648: The Roman Empire, the term eparchy consequently gained an additional use among Greek-speaking Christians , denoting ecclesiastical structures on the provincial level of Church administration, within Eastern Christianity . Such terminological borrowing resulted from the final consolidation of the provincial (metropolitan) system in the 4th century. The First Ecumenical Council (325) confirmed (Canon IV) that all bishops of each civil province should be grouped in one ecclesiastical province , headed by

390-783: The Roman Rite). Individual eparchies of some Eastern Catholic Churches may be suffragan to Latin Church metropolitans. For example, the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Križevci is suffragan to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb . Also, some minor Eastern Catholic churches have Latin prelates. For example, the Macedonian Greek Catholic Church is organized as a single Eparchy of Strumica-Skopje , whose present ordinary

416-755: The east, the Kyparissia mountains in the northwest and the Lykodimo in the southwest. The main rivers are the Neda in the north and the Pamisos in central Messenia. Off the south coast of the southwesternmost point of Messenia lie the Messinian Oinousses islands. The largest of these are Sapientza , Schiza and Venetiko . The small island Sphacteria closes off the bay of Pylos . All these islands are virtually uninhabited. Climate may vary, in

442-630: The largest that was conquered and enslaved as helots by ancient Sparta . In the Middle Ages , Messenia shared the fortunes of the rest of the Peloponnese. Striking reminders of these conflicts are afforded by the extant ruins of the medieval strongholds of Kalamata, Coron (anc. Asine, mod. Koroni), Modon (Methoni) and Pylos. Messenia was a part of the Byzantine Empire until 1205, and of the Principality of Achaea thereafter, while

468-499: The lowlands, temperatures are a bit warmer than Athens . Snow is not common during winter months except for the mountains, especially the Taygetus. Rain and clouds are common inland. Before the 2010 reorganization, Messenia was a nomos (prefecture) containing 29 dimoi (municipalities) and 2 koinotites (communities). Since 2010, Messenia has been a perifereiake enoteta (regional unit) containing only 6 municipalities, but with

494-515: The main administrative unit of the Roman Empire . The same use was employed in the early Byzantine Empire until major administrative reforms that were undertaken between the 7th and 9th centuries, abolishing the old provincial system. In modern times, the term was also employed within administrative systems of some countries, like Greece and Cyprus . Since it was commonly used as the main Greek designation for an administrative province of

520-628: The material-cultural period in the eastern Mediterranean in the Bronze Age associated with the Mycenaean Greeks Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mycenaean . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mycenaean&oldid=1031420361 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

546-590: The numbers of metropolitans by elevating local bishops to honorary metropolitan ranks without giving them any real metropolitan powers, and making them directly appointed and thus more dependent on Constantinople. As a consequence, the use of the word eparchy was expanded to include not only proper metropolitan provinces, but also the newly created honorary metropolitan sees that were no real provinces, and thus no different then simple bishoprics except in honorary titles and ranks. In spite of that, such honorary metropolitan sees also came to be called eparchies . This process

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572-882: The ports of Coron and Modon came under Venetian control. Apart from Coron and Modon, the rest of Messenia was captured by the Byzantine Despotate of the Morea in 1430. Much of Messenia fell into the hands of the Ottoman Empire in 1460, a part of the area remained with the Venetian Republic until the Second Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503). In 1534 a group of families, known as the 'Coroni', settled in Piana degli Albanesi in Sicily. They were Arvanites and Greeks from Koroni . During

598-532: The present day. Messenia suffered damage from the 2007 Greek forest fires . Eparchy Eparchy ( Greek : ἐπαρχία eparchía "overlordship") is an ecclesiastical unit in Eastern Christianity that is equivalent to a diocese in Western Christianity . An eparchy is governed by an eparch , who is a bishop . Depending on the administrative structure of a specific Eastern Church, an eparchy can belong to an ecclesiastical province (usually

624-458: The same population, as it did not change area in the reorganization. Some 25 municipalities and communities were incorporated politically into the other 6 according to the table below, becoming municipal units. The prefecture of Messenia was previously subdivided into four provinces ( Greek : επαρχίες , " eparchies ") : Like all provinces of Greece, they were abolished after the 2006 local elections , in line with Law 2539/1997, as part of

650-608: Was a decisive victory for Greece and its allies. During the World War II several battles of the Greek Resistance against the Nazi occupation forces and the collaborationist security battalions took place in Messenia, including Battle of Meligalas , Battle of Kalamata , Battle of Chora - Agorelitsa . The population in the area of Kalamata and Messene increased from 30,000 before World War II up to nearly 80,000 in

676-578: Was systematically promoted, thus resulting in a major terminological shift. Since the fragmentation of the original metropolitan provinces into several titular metropolises that were also referred to as eparchies , the Patriarchate of Constantinople became more centralized, and such structure has remained up to the present day. Similar ecclesiastical terminology is also employed by other autocephalous and autonomous churches within Eastern Orthodox community . In those who are non-Greek, term eparchy

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