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63-540: During World War I, in 1917, John Henry Whitley was appointed to chair a committee, which soon produced a Report on the Relations of Employers and Employees in the wake of the establishment of the Shop Stewards Movement and the widespread protest action against dilution . The smooth running of industry was vital to the war effort so maintaining good industrial relations was a priority. He proposed

126-587: A committee to report on 'the Relations of Employers and Employees' in the wake of the establishment of the Shop Stewards Movement and the widespread protest action against dilution . The smooth running of industry was vital to the war effort so maintaining good industrial relations was a priority. He proposed a system of regular formal consultative meetings between workers and employers, known to this day as "Whitley Councils". These would be empowered to cover any issue related to pay and conditions of service, and to take matters through to arbitration if necessary. This

189-409: A fondness for the sport and was made an honorary member. Antarctic explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton , the honorary member who presided at the club dinner in 1910, allowed his two young children to play cowboys and Indians on the cricket green during the week. The Chelsea Water Company originally owned the reservoir site and allowed construction of the club pavilion on its property. The reservoir site

252-526: A hierarchical manner, reflecting the structure of the employing organisation. For example, within the UK civil service, Whitley councils exist at local, workplace level, then at departmental level and ultimately at national level. In other institutions a geographic hierarchy (local, area, regional, national) may be followed. Functional Whitley councils were established in the NHS in 1948 to negotiate pay. In addition there

315-567: A history of Whitleyism, published in 1973, to mark the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the National Whitley Council. The Whitley council system was reviewed in detail by Lord McCarthy in 1976. Whitley councils comprise employee representatives, often referred to as the "staff side" and employer representatives, also known as the "official side". Whitley councils usually have a formally agreed constitution . This typically includes: Whitley councils may be organised in

378-512: A hurry to get to the House of Commons rode together with his servant to Putney to take the ferry across to Fulham. The ferry boat was on the opposite side, however and the waterman, who was drinking in the Swan, ignored the calls of Sir Robert and his servant and they were obliged to take another route. Walpole vowed that a bridge would replace the ferry." The Prince of Wales "was often inconvenienced by

441-818: A landscape which now forms part of a Conservation Area identified by the borough council as "unique in London"; among the largest are London Rowing Club , Thames Rowing Club , Imperial College Boat Club and Vesta Rowing Club . Leander Club owned a boathouse in Putney from 1867 to 1961. The Putney clubs have produced a plethora of Olympic medallists and Henley winners. Putney Town Rowing Club , although retaining Putney's name, has now moved to Kew . The University Boat Race , first contested in 1829 in Henley-on-Thames , has had Putney as its starting point since 1845. Since 1856, it has been an annual event, beginning at

504-611: A permanent new riverside Putney Sculpture Trail in the London Borough of Wandsworth, officially unveiled in September 2008. Sir Jacob Epstein was buried in Putney Vale Cemetery on 24 August 1959. Henri Gaudier-Brzeska had a studio in Putney in the last year of his life after moving from 454a Fulham Road. Sydney Schiff went to visit Gaudier there in 1914 to buy the "Dancer", which was later presented to

567-452: A poem by Dorothea Smartt running along its length. Alan Thornhill lived and worked in Putney for many years and his studio still remains. The sculpture Load was presented to Putney on Fools Day and occupies a permanent position near the south-west end of Putney Bridge on Lower Richmond Road. A film, launched at Appledore and Chichester Film Festivals in 2008 documents these celebrations. The acquisition of eight further large works formed

630-688: A role he held from 1921 to 1928. Whitley was born in Halifax , Yorkshire, on 8 February 1866 son of Nathan Whitley (1830–1889) from Ovenden. Nathan went on to serve as Mayor of Halifax (1876–1877), succeeding his cousin-in-law Edward Crossley , the son of Joseph Crossley (1813-1868), a partner in John Crossley & Sons carpet factory, Halifax. After an early education boarding at Wiseman's House, Clifton College , Whitley entered his uncle Samuel Whitley's cotton spinning business, S. Whitley & Co. at Hanson Lane Mills, Skircoat, Halifax. Nathan

693-529: A seat he held until he resigned in 1928. He served as Junior Lord of the Treasury from 1907 to 1910 in the Liberal Government 1905-1915 . He was appointed Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means 1910–1911, Privy Counsellor in 1911 and he held the role of Chairman of Ways and Means, Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons, from 1911 to 1921. During World War I, in 1917, Whitley was appointed to chair

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756-474: A system of regular formal consultative meetings between workers and employers, known to this day as "Whitley councils". These would be empowered to cover any issue related to pay and conditions of service, and to take matters through to arbitration if necessary. This was a strong model which was to influence industrial relations in Canada, Australia and elsewhere. The intention was to establish Whitley councils in

819-646: A week." One regular visitor was Queen Elizabeth I who frequently visited Putney from 1579 to 1603, often visiting Mr John Lacy. She was said to "honour Lacy with her company more frequently than any of her subjects", often staying for two to three days. Charles II reviewed his forces on Putney Heath in 1684; in May 1767, George III reviewed the Guards, and the Surrey Volunteers at the same spot in 1799. According to Samuel Pepys, Charles II and his brother,

882-425: Is 81% white, 8% Asian, 5% black, and 4% of mixed or multiple ethnicities. Sixty-five percent of the population was born in the UK. The most identified religion was Christianity at 56%, with 27% declaring no religion, 8% not stating any religion, 5% Muslim and other religions making up the remainder. The 2011 Census revealed Thamesfield as having the highest number of Australians and New Zealanders in London, followed by

945-523: Is an ancient parish which covered 9.11 km ( 3 + 17 ⁄ 32  sq mi) in the Hundred of Brixton in the county of Surrey . Its area has been reduced by the loss of Roehampton to the south-west, an offshoot hamlet that conserved more of its own clustered historic core. In 1855 the parish was included in the area of responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works and

1008-540: Is around 400 acres (160 hectares) less the nascent A3 road in size and rises to 45 metres (148 ft) above sea level. Because of its elevation, from 1796 to 1816 Putney Heath hosted a station in the shutter telegraph chain , which connected the Admiralty in London to its naval ships in Portsmouth . One of 10 signal stations with telescopes making observation of the next station's signal, a message could be sent from

1071-574: Is now owned by Thames Water . Cricket matches continued during the war although some games started late or were drawn due to late starts or air raid sirens. Four German V-1 flying bombs struck the area in World War II. One destroyed the club's pavilion, opposite the Telegraph pub, in July 1944, near where the covered water reservoir is located. Wildcroft Road, turning into Portsmouth Road and thus

1134-681: Is paid by the touring company to the Wimbledon and Putney Commons Conservators, as part of the income of the charity. Excluding the Putney Exchange in a survey by the New Economics Foundation of 27 London high streets in 2005, Putney's ranked fifth most "cloned...[meaning] offering identikit shopping with little local character". A local directory of Putney in 1932 listed a high proportion of residents as being professional, including doctors and lawyers. The area also

1197-444: Is used by Roehampton Cricket Club and is one of the oldest cricket teams in London, established 1842. The club has played there continuously since 1859 when lord of the manor, Earl Spencer, suggested it as a new site. It has two sides in the highly competitive Fullers Surrey County League and a Sunday side that plays on a more social level. In 1900, a decade after the death of his multi-millionaire father Junius Morgan , JP Morgan gained

1260-603: The Domesday Book of 1086 as Putelei , although this was "probably a mistake of the Norman scribes". Ultimately the name derives from the Anglo-Saxon Puttan hythe , meaning Putta's landing place. It was noted that it did not fall into the category of local jurisdictions known as a manor , but obtained 20 shillings from the ferry or market toll at Putney belonging to the manor of Mortlake . The ferry

1323-618: The Royal Commission on Labour in India , which reported in 1931. The report surprised many by concurring with the criticisms of Mahatma Gandhi and others that poverty was the cause of India's social and industrial problems. It was also critical of British employers' role in perpetuating the problems. Whitley was offered a knighthood for his work on this report, but again, he, like a minority of others , declined. His friendship with John Reith led to his appointment as Chairman of

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1386-661: The Battle of Brentford in 1642, the Parliamentary forces built a bridge of boats between Fulham and Putney. According to an account from the period: The Lord-Generall hath caused a bridge to be built upon barges and lighters over the Thames, between Fulham and Putney, to convey his army and artillery over into Surry, to follow the King's forces; and he hath ordered that forts shall be erected at each end thereof to guard it; but for

1449-821: The Board of Governors of the BBC in 1930. In 1932, he made the first broadcast on the Empire Service, which developed into the World Service . He held the Chairmanship until his death. Whitley died on 3 February 1935, aged 68, shortly before his 69th birthday. He is buried in Plot 456, Lister Lane Cemetery, Halifax. The personal archive of John Henry Whitley was donated to the Archives and Special Collections of

1512-625: The Duke of York , used to run horses here. A stone and brick obelisk was erected on Putney Heath in 1770, marking the 110th anniversary of the Great Fire of London , to coincide with the invention of the Hartley fire plates by David Hartley (the Younger) , near a spot where his fireproof house was built. The obelisk, with ornately detailed foundation stone, is still standing and can be accessed via

1575-483: The National Health Service covering all NHS staff, except doctors and dentists, and a few other NHS workers who negotiated directly with the health departments. John Henry Whitley John Henry Whitley (8 February 1866 – 3 February 1935), often known as J. H. Whitley , was a British politician and Georgist . He was the final Liberal to serve as Speaker of the House of Commons ,

1638-730: The University Stone , just upstream from Putney Bridge . Several other important rowing races over the Championship Course also either start or finish at the stone, notably the Head of the River Race . Next to Putney Bridge is one of the sites used in the construction of the Thames Tideway Tunnel . With completion of the project, a new embankment has been constructed with a ventilation column with

1701-743: The University of Huddersfield in 2012. A blue plaque was to Whitley erected by the Halifax Civic Trust . Putney Putney ( / ˈ p ʌ t n i / ) is an affluent district in southwest London , England, in the London Borough of Wandsworth , five miles (eight kilometres) southwest of Charing Cross . The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. Putney

1764-624: The Victoria and Albert Museum . Gaudier-Brzeska was killed in France in June 1915. A commemorative plaque was placed at 2 Colinette Road in remembrance of an anecdote of the British mathematician G. H. Hardy when he visited Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan in hospital. I remember once going to see him when he was ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxi cab number 1729 and remarked that

1827-464: The Admiralty to Portsmouth within 15 minutes. This was replaced by a semaphore station, which was part of a semaphore line that operated between 1822 and 1847. Putney Heath was for many years a noted rendezvous for highwaymen. In 1795, the notorious highwayman Jeremiah Abershaw – also known as Jerry Avershaw – was caught in the Green Man pub (now owned by Wandsworth pub company Young's , ) on

1890-578: The East Putney ward in second place. Putney is also noted for its high concentration of South-African residents , a survey by BBC News found that Putney had more South African residents than any other region in the UK. The Member of Parliament for Putney is Fleur Anderson , who has served as the MP for the constituency since the 2019 general election , as a member of the Labour Party . Since

1953-580: The Southern Department , who published The Ruins of Palmyra about the Roman ruins he visited at Baalbek in Syria , and other archæological works lies here. William Pitt, Earl of Chatham , died at a house on Putney Heath. In the 1840s Putney was still a part-wooded, part-agricultural village focussed closest to the Thames, opposite to Fulham, with which it was connected by a wooden bridge. It

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2016-453: The bowling-green formerly attached to it, and for more than sixty years (1690–1750) was the most famous green in the neighbourhood of London. The house had large rooms for public breakfasts and assemblies, was a fashionable place of entertainment, and noted for "deep play." Pitt died in the house in 1806. It was later owned by Henry Lewis Doulton, son of Henry Doulton of pottery fame. It was demolished and an art deco style residence rebuilt on

2079-587: The car park adjacent to The Telegraph public house, off Wildcroft Road, SW15. The lower part of this house was repeatedly set on fire in the presence, among others, of King George III and Queen Charlotte , the members of Parliament, the Lord Mayor, and the Aldermen. Since 1955 the obelisk has been a Grade II listed building. The adjacent Wildcroft Manor was formerly in the ownership of publishing magnate George Newnes , builder of Putney Library . In 1895 he

2142-537: The east end of the south aisle, and rebuilt at the east end of the north side, preserving the old style. In 1684, Thomas Martyn bequeathed lands for the foundation and support of a charity school for 20 boys, sons of watermen; and by a decree of the court of chancery in 1715, the property was vested in trustees. A charitable almshouse for 12 men and women, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was erected by Sir Abraham Dawes, who provided it with an endowment. Putney

2205-671: The end of the English Civil War , with the Roundheads looking victorious, some soldiers in the New Model Army staged a minor mutiny amid fears that a monarchy would be replaced by a new dictatorship. A number, known as the Levellers , complained: "We were not a mere mercenary army hired to serve any arbitrary power of a state, but called forth … to the defence of the people's just right and liberties". A manifesto

2268-540: The ferry when returning from hunting in Richmond Park and asked Walpole to use his influence by supporting the bridge." The bridge was a wooden structure and lasted for 150 years. However, by 1886, it was no longer strong enough to withstand increasing road traffic, and was replaced by the stone bridge that stands today. The parish church of St Mary the Virgin became the site of the 1647 Putney Debates . Towards

2331-402: The future A3, was a main thoroughfare into SW London and became a stop-off point for American serviceman who alighted from their jeeps to "taste this crazy cricket game" On the south side of the reservoir, in the triangle of land between Wildcroft Road, Tibbet's Ride and the Green Man, is a large clearing of land. A funfair is set up on the grounds each October, lasting for one week. Ground rent

2394-459: The girls of the schools, few of which pretty; and there I come into a pew, and met with little James Pierce, which I was much pleased at, the little rogue being very glad to see me: his master, Reader to the Church. Here was a good sermon and much company, but I sleepy, and a little out of order, for my hat falling down through a hole underneath the pulpit, which, however, after sermon, by a stick, and

2457-448: The help of the clerke, I got up again, and then walked out of the church." For centuries, Putney was a place where Londoners came for leisure, to enjoy the open spaces and clean air. Londoners came to Putney to play games. According to John Locke, who writes, in 1679: "The sports of England for a curious stranger to see are horse-racing, hawking, hunting, and bowling; at Putney he may see several persons of quality bowling two or three times

2520-620: The holder of the Great Seal of England. As he was riding up Putney Hill, he was overtaken by one of the royal chamberlains who presented him with a ring as a token of the continuance of his majesty's favour. When the Cardinal had heard these words of the king, he quickly lighted from his mule and knelt down upon both knees, holding up his hands for joy, and said "When I consider the joyful news that you have brought to me, I could do no less than greatly rejoice. Every word pierces so my heart, that

2583-586: The law, conscription abolished and parliamentary elections held every year. While the ideas proved greatly influential, including inspiring much of the language of the United States Declaration of Independence , Oliver Cromwell would later have the Leveller leaders executed. The diarist Samuel Pepys visited St. Mary's Church on several occasions. During one visit on 28 April 1667, he recorded: "and then back to Putney Church, where I saw

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2646-610: The many buttresses of the original Putney Bridge restricted the transit of large river boats) ensuring more suitable water for rowing. The river was also cleaner at Putney. Secondly, the construction of the London and South Western Railway from Waterloo to Putney and the District Railway to Putney Bridge allowed easy commuting. More than twenty rowing clubs are based on the River Thames at Putney Embankment in

2709-515: The medieval period as a chapel of ease to Wimbledon, was rebuilt in the very early Tudor period and in 1836 was again rebuilt, and the old tower restored, at an expense of £7,000 (which is approximately equivalent to £832,342 in 2023) defrayed by subscription, a rate, and a grant of £400 from the Incorporated Society. It has a small chantry chapel (originally erected by native Nicholas West , Bishop of Ely (d. 1533)) removed from

2772-444: The north face of the heath, west of the Green Man. All had semi-circular carriageway entrances and exits. These included Grantham House, the residence of Lady Grantham; Ripon House, Ashburton House; Exeter House, occupied by the second Marquis of Exeter . George Cokayne , author of peerage and baronetage publications, died at Exeter House in 1911. Nearby Gifford House was owned by the J. D. Charrington of brewing fame; and Dover House,

2835-460: The northside of the heath where Putney Hill meets Tibbet's Ride. After execution his body was hung in chains on the heath as a warning to others. An ancient wood fence cattle pound is located opposite the Green Man, adjacent to two huge plane trees, near the bus terminus. This simple wood fence structure, used historically to contain lost livestock, has been listed as a Grade II listed structure since 1983. A number of fine homes lined Putney Hill and

2898-411: The present the seamen, with long boats and shallops, full of ordnance and musketeers, lie there upon the river to secure it. The first permanent bridge between Fulham and Putney was completed in 1729, and was the second bridge to be built across the Thames in London (after London Bridge ). One story runs that "in 1720 Sir Robert Walpole was returning from seeing George I at Kingston and being in

2961-627: The private sector, in particular in those industries most affected by the strike wave – to offset the demand for ' workers' control ' – a demand which was rapidly gaining ground after the Russian revolution . However, the councils failed to gain ground in coal, cotton, engineering and other heavy industries, but succeeded only in the sphere of government employment where they remain a major feature of public sector industrial relations to this day. The Royal Institute of Public Administration commissioned Henry Parris, then of Durham University, to write

3024-408: The second half of the 19th century, Putney has been a significant centre for rowing . There are two reasons for this. First, increasing numbers of steam-powered boats (not to mention the growing levels of sewage being discharged into the river) made leisure rowing on the Thames in central London unpleasant if not impossible. There was much less commercial traffic on the river at Putney (partly because

3087-458: The site in 1933. Putney Heath, near the Telegraph pub, was also the venue for the September 1809 duel between Cabinet ministers George Canning and Lord Castlereagh . Scio House was the last villa on Portsmouth Road abutting the heath: it eventually became a hospital and was known as Scio House Hospital for Officers, Putney. It has since been redeveloped as a gated community of 70 neo-Georgian homes divided between two streets. Putney Heath

3150-652: The sphere of government employment where they remain a major feature of public sector industrial relations to this day. Whitley was appointed Speaker of the House of Commons in 1921, a post he held until 1928, when he resigned on grounds of ill health. He refused the customary peerage offered by the monarch – breaking a tradition that had originated in 1789. Some notable portraits of Whitley were commissioned during this period, with paintings by both William Rothenstein and Glyn Warren Philpot . Despite resigning as MP and Speaker, his political work continued. He chaired

3213-457: The sudden joy surmounted my memory, having no regard or respect to the place; but I thought it my duty, that in the same place where I received this comfort, to laud and praise God upon my knees, and most humbly to render unto my sovereign lord my most hearty thanks for the same". The first bridge of any kind between the two parishes of Fulham and Putney was built during the Civil War : after

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3276-401: The whole area of Putney Hill and West Hill, leading into Putney Heath, as wealthy or well-to-do. Despite a full array of places of worship, he said it was noted for low church attendance with all denominations "struggling for the souls of pleasure-seeking Putney... the middle class here are as indifferent as the poor elsewhere." The village green at the corner of Wildcroft and Telegraph Roads

3339-573: Was a Nurses and Midwives Whitley Council for Great Britain which negotiated conditions of service. It had 64 members, 41 for the staff side and 23 for the management side. The National Union of Public Employees and the Confederation of Health Service Employees each had four seats and the National Union of General and Municipal Workers had three. The Royal College of Nursing had twelve. In 1979 there were eight functional councils in

3402-937: Was a partner in the business and took over after Samuel's death in 1884. In 1892, Whitley married Margherita (Margaret) Virginia Marchetti. Margherita was born in Putney in 1872, a daughter of an Italian, Giulio (Julian) Marchetti, who had served as an officer under Garibaldi before settling in England to marry Anne Crossley in Halifax in 1871 and take his place in the carpet manufacturing business. They had two daughters and two sons: Margaret Phyllis b.1895; Percival Nathan b.1893; Monica Virginia b.1903; and Oliver John b.1912. Margherita died in 1925 and John Henry remarried in 1928 to Helen Clarke in Chelsea. Whitley became Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Halifax in 1900,

3465-466: Was a strong model which was to influence industrial relations beyond the UK. The intention was to establish Whitley councils in the private sector, in particular in those industries most affected by the strike wave – to offset the demand for ' workers' control ' – a demand which was rapidly gaining ground after the Russian revolution . However, the councils failed to gain ground in coal, cotton, engineering and other heavy industries, but succeeded only in

3528-470: Was created a baronet "of Wildcroft, in the parish of Putney, in the county of London . Many duels were undertaken on Putney Heath. In May 1652, George Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos , and Colonel Henry Compton fought with Compton being killed in the encounter. On a Sunday afternoon in May 1798 William Pitt , the then Prime Minister, who lived in Bowling-Green House on the heath, fought a bloodless battle with William Tierney, MP. The house derived its name from

3591-444: Was grouped into the Wandsworth District . In 1889 the area was removed from Surrey and became part of the County of London . The Wandsworth District became the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth in 1900. Since 1965 Putney has formed part of the London Borough of Wandsworth in Greater London . The benefice of the parish remains a perpetual curacy whose patron is the Dean and Chapter of Worcester Cathedral . The church, founded in

3654-418: Was home to significant numbers of retired naval officers. The 2011 census showed this professional character still present. Looking at a combination of the electoral wards of East Putney, West Putney and Thamesfield (which comprises North Putney), 46% of residents were classified as higher or lower "managerial, administrative & professional" socio-economic status; 6% were retired. Ethnicity in these wards

3717-415: Was mentioned in the household accounts of Edward I (reigned 1272–1307): Robert the Ferryman of Putney and other sailors received 3/6d for carrying a great part of the royal family across the Thames and also for taking the king and his family to Westminster . One famous crossing at Putney was that of Cardinal Wolsey in 1529 upon his 'disgrace' in falling out of favour with Henry VIII and on ceasing to be

3780-403: Was proposed entitled An Agreement of the People , and at an open meeting in Putney the officers of the Army Council heard the argument from private soldiers for a transparent, democratic state, without corruption. Proposals included sovereignty for English citizens, Parliamentary seats distributed according to population rather than property ownership, religion made a free choice, equality before

3843-527: Was street-lit with gas, partly paved, and well supplied with water. In 1840, the College for Civil Engineers relocated to Putney. Putney had a second place of worship for Independents, and Roehampton achieved separate parish status in 1845. The proprietors of the bridge distributed £31 per annum to watermen , and watermen's widows and children, and the parish received benefit from Henry Smith's and other charities. Putney in 1887 covered 9 km ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 2  sq mi). Putney appears in

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3906-438: Was the birthplace of Thomas Cromwell , made Earl of Essex by Henry VIII ; of Edward Gibbon , author of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire , who was born in 1737; and also of Clement Attlee , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1945–1951 and Leader of the Labour Party 1935 –1955, born in 1883. John Toland , a noted free-thinker , died and was buried at Putney in 1722. Robert Wood , under- Secretary of State for

3969-399: Was the seat originally of Lord Dover , afterwards of Lord Clifden . It was owned at the turn of the 20th century by the famous US financier JP Morgan . With the development of transport routes for the growing financial sector, the area became highly desirable for City gents in the 1890s and they were initially known as "outsiders". In 1900, social researcher Charles Booth had classified

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