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40-577: The villages of Jimlíkov and Mezirolí are administrative parts of Nová Role. Nová Role is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northwest of Karlovy Vary . The town proper lies in the Sokolov Basin , but the municipal territory also extends to the north into the Ore Mountains . The highest point is the Borový hill at 512 m (1,680 ft) above sea level. The Rolava River flows through

80-549: A demonstration became unruly. According to the 1930 census, the city was home to 23,901 inhabitants – 20,856 were ethnic Germans, 1,446 were Czechoslovaks (Czechs or Slovaks), 243 were Jews, 19 were Hungarias and 12 were Poles. In 1938, the city was annexed by Nazi Germany according to the terms of the Munich Agreement and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland . During World War II ,

120-532: A number of film-shoots, including the 2006 films Last Holiday and Casino Royale , both of which used the city's Grandhotel Pupp in different guises. Moreover, the Palace Bristol Hotel in Karlovy Vary was used as a model for The Grand Budapest Hotel . Karlovy Vary is home to the top-tier ice hockey club HC Karlovy Vary , and the top-tier volleyball club VK Karlovarsko . The city

160-459: A village in today's city area, was mentioned. Karlovy Vary as a small spa settlement was founded most likely around 1349. According to legend, Charles IV organized an expedition into the forests surrounding modern-day Karlovy Vary during a stay in Loket . It is said that his party once discovered a hot spring by accident, and thanks to the water from the spring, Charles IV healed his injured leg. On

200-633: A wooden structure, built in Swiss style in 1882–1883 by Fellner & Helmer), and Castle Colonnade ( Zámecká ; built in Art Nouveau style in 1910–1912 by Friedrich Ohmann ). The most valuable church is the Church of Saint Mary Magdalene. It is a Catholic church, built in the Baroque style in 1732–1736 on the site of an old Gothic church from the second half of the 14th century. It was built according to

240-651: Is a spa city in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 49,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Ohře and Teplá rivers. Karlovy Vary is named after Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and the King of Bohemia , who founded the city in the 14th century. The site of numerous hot springs , the city grew into a spa resort in the 19th century and was a popular destination for

280-701: Is also connected with Loket . The main landmark of Nová Role is the Church of Saint Michael. It was originally built in the Romanesque-Gothic style in 1240–1255. In 1781, it was rebuilt in the Baroque style. It is one of the oldest buildings in the region, demonstrating the penetration of Burgundian influences into the early Gothic architecture of Bohemia . Nová Role is twinned with: Karlovy Vary Karlovy Vary ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈkarlovɪ ˈvarɪ] ; German : Karlsbad , formerly also spelled Carlsbad in English)

320-506: Is also represented by the football club FC Slavia Karlovy Vary , which plays in the third tier of the Czech football system . Karlovy Vary is notable for its large concentration of monuments and architecturally valuable buildings. The origin of most of them is connected with the spa tradition of the city. Since 2018, the spa centre of the city along the Teplá river and the wider surroundings with

360-532: Is classified as humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dfb ; Trewartha : Dclo ). Among them, the annual average temperature is 7.4 °C (45.3 °F), the hottest month in July is 17.2 °C (63.0 °F), and the coldest month is −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 568.4 millimetres (22.38 in), of which June is the wettest with 71.1 millimetres (2.80 in), while February

400-551: Is no further subdivided into microregions. The highest peak of the Sokolov Basin used to be Dvorský vrch with an elevation of 573 m (1,880 ft), but its top was mined away. Now the highest peak is Zelený vrch at 570 m (1,870 ft). The Sokolov Basin is 36 km (22 mi) long, 9 km (6 mi) wide, and has an area of 312 km (120 sq mi). The territory has an elongated shape from southwest to northeast. The Ohře River flows across

440-650: Is the Mill Colonnade (Czech: Mlýnská ; pseudo-Renaissance structure, built in 1871–1881). The best-known spring is Vřídlo, located in Hot Spring Colonnade ( Vřídelní ; built in Functionalistic style in 1975). The spring gushes out in a geyser up to 12 m (39 ft) high. Other colonnades in the city are Park Colonnade ( Sadová ; cast-iron architecture structure built in 1880–1881 by Fellner & Helmer ), Market Colonnade ( Tržní ;

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480-548: Is the driest with only 27.8 millimetres (1.09 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −25.1 °C (−13.2 °F) on 21 December 1969 to 35.8 °C (96.4 °F) on 27 July 1983 and 20 August 2012. An ancient late Bronze Age fortified settlement was found in Drahovice. A Slavic settlement on the site of Karlovy Vary is documented by findings in Tašovice and Sedlec. People lived in close proximity to

520-498: Is the food and beverage industry, characterized by the bottling of mineral waters and the production of unique delicacies. The largest industrial employer based in the city is Mattoni 1873 . Karlovy Vary is known for the popular Czech liqueur Becherovka , which has been produced here since 1807. The Karlovarské oplatky (Carlsbad wafers ) originated in the city in 1867. The city has also lent its name to "Carlsbad plums", candied stuffed prune plums . The second important industry

560-440: Is the hill Vítkův vrch at 642 m (2,106 ft) above sea level. The city lies at the confluence of the Ohře (which flows across the city) with the Teplá and Rolava rivers. There are several small bodies of water in the northern half of the Karlovy Vary territory. The most notable is the natural reservoir Rolava, which is located right in the centre of the city. It is used for recreational purposes. Karlovy Vary's climate

600-662: Is the most visited spa town in the Czech Republic. As the principal city on the West Bohemian Spa Triangle and the largest spa complex in Europe, Karlovy Vary has over 80 springs. They are a part of the Eger Graben , a tectonically active region in western Bohemia. Although the infiltration area is several hundred square kilometres, each spring has the same hydrological origins, and therefore shares

640-534: Is the production of glass and porcelain. Karlovy Vary is known for the lead glass manufacturer Moser Glass founded in 1857, which is considered the most luxurious Czech brand. The Karlovy Vary agglomeration was defined as a tool for drawing money from the European Structural and Investment Funds . It is an area that includes the city and its surroundings, linked to the city by commuting and migration. It has about 138,000 inhabitants. Karlovy Vary

680-532: The Karlovy Vary Region . It is named after the town of Sokolov . It is known for its deposits of lignite , which has been extracted here to a greater extent since the second half of 19th century. The Sokolov Basin is a mesoregion of the Podkrušnohorská Macroregion within the Bohemian Massif . It runs between two ranges: Ore Mountains in the north and Slavkov Forest in the south. It

720-546: The European aristocracy and other luminaries. Karlovy Vary's rapid growth was brought to an end by the outbreak of World War I . After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Karlovy Vary once again became a major tourist destination. Karlovy Vary is the most visited spa town in the Czech Republic. It is the largest spa complex in Europe. In 2021, the city became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under

760-571: The Germans established a Gestapo prison here. After the war, in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement and Beneš decrees , most German inhabitants were expelled . After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, spas and tourism began to develop rapidly again. The spa buildings were reconstructed and the spa became competitive again within Europe. The spa became popular with Russian clientele, and brought many Russian investors and developers to

800-709: The Rolava River. Until 1411, Nová Role belonged to the Loket estate, then it became part of the Sokolov estate. In 1554, Nová Role was acquired by the Schlick family. From 1622 until the establishment of a sovereign municipality in 1848, it was property of the Nostitz family . During World War II, Nazi German Neurohlau concentration camp was located here. Nová Role is located on the railway line Karlovy Vary– Nejdek , further continuing to Potůčky or Nové Hamry . It

840-429: The city and its surroundings. In 2017, non-Czech residents were around 7% of the population of the Karlovy Vary region. After Prague, this is the highest proportion in the Czech Republic. The largest group of foreigners were Vietnamese , followed by Germans , Ukrainians and Russians . The city's economy is focused on services and only small and medium-sized industrial enterprises are based in it. The main industry

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880-497: The city centre, at the village of Olšová Vrata. In the 19th century, Karlovy Vary became a popular tourist destination, especially known for international celebrities who visited for spa treatment. The city is also known for the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival , which is one of the oldest in the world and one of Europe's major film events. The city has been used as the location for

920-616: The city in 1819, with the issuing of the Carlsbad Decrees following a conference there. Initiated by the Austrian Minister of State Klemens von Metternich , the decrees were intended to implement anti-liberal censorship within the German Confederation . Due to publications produced by physicians such as David Becher and Josef von Löschner , the city developed into a spa resort in the 19th century and

960-470: The city proper, where a village used to be. From the end of the 15th century, after the village was depopulated, the church began to deteriorate and became a ruin. Carlsbad, New Mexico , United States (after which Carlsbad Caverns National Park is named), Carlsbad, California , USA Carlsbad Springs, Ontario , Canada, and Carlsbad, Texas , USA, take their names from Karlovy Vary's English name, Carlsbad. All of these places were so named because they were

1000-577: The design by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer and belongs to the most important buildings of the Czech Baroque . It is protected as a national cultural monument. Among the most famous buildings of the city is the Church of Saint Peter and Paul . It was built in the Byzantine style in 1893–1897. It is the largest Orthodox church west of Post-Soviet states . The Church of Saint Andrew was built in

1040-641: The development of tourism. Other disasters for tourism were the world economic crisis and the beginning of World War II. At the end of World War I in 1918, the large German-speaking population of Bohemia was incorporated into the new state of Czechoslovakia in accordance with the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) . As a result, the German-speaking majority of Karlovy Vary protested. A demonstration on 4 March 1919 passed peacefully, but later that month, six demonstrators were killed by Czech troops after

1080-427: The entire territory and drains it. Smaller rivers, such as Svatava , Rolava and Bystřice, flow into it from the mountain ranges along the territory. Suitable natural conditions contributed to the creation of many settlements in the Sokolov Basin. Most populous cities and towns in the territory are Karlovy Vary , Sokolov , Ostrov , Chodov and Nová Role . The basin is known for lignite mining. It started here on

1120-552: The late Gothic style around 1500, reconstructed in the Empire style in 1840–1841. A cemetery was established next to the church for foreign guests of the spa who died in Karlovy Vary. In 1911, the cemetery was converted into a park, known as Mozart's Park, with many Neoclassical tombstones. Since 2005, it is owned by the Greek Catholic Church . The Church of Saint Anne was built in the Baroque style in 1738–1749 on

1160-474: The name " Great Spa Towns of Europe " because of its spas and architecture from the 18th through 20th centuries. The historic city centre with the spa cultural landscape is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation . Karlovy Vary is made up of 15 municipal parts and villages: Cihelny forms an exclave of the municipal territory. The city is named after its founder. The name Karlovy Vary means literally " Charles ' Baths". The city

1200-406: The same dissolved minerals and chemical formula. The hottest of the springs can approach 74 °C, while the coldest have temperatures under 40 degrees. All of the springs combined provide roughly 2,000 litres of water every minute. Local buses (Dopravní podnik Karlovy Vary) and cable cars take passengers to most areas of the city. The Imperial funicular is the oldest tunnel funicular in Europe and

1240-403: The site as far back as the 13th century and they must have been aware of the curative effects of thermal springs. From the end of the 12th century to the early 13th century, German settlers from nearby German-speaking regions came as settlers, craftsmen and miners to develop the region's economy. Eventually, Karlovy Vary/Karlsbad became a town with a German-speaking population. In 1325, Obora,

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1280-507: The site of a spring, he established a spa mentioned as in dem warmen Bade bey dem Elbogen in German, or Horké Lázně u Lokte ( Hot Spas at the Loket ). The location was subsequently named "Karlovy Vary" after the emperor. Charles IV granted the town privileges on 14 August 1370. Earlier settlements can also be found on the outskirts of today's city. An important political event took place in

1320-504: The site of an old church. It is a pilgrimage church, in the construction of which K. I. Dientzenhofer took part. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul is a pseudo-Gothic church, built in 1854–1856 and rebuilt in 1893–1894. Since 1946, it is property of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church . The Church of Saint Luke is a Methodist pseudo-Gothic two-aisle church, built in 1876–1877 after the design of Oskar Mothes which

1360-466: The sites of mineral springs or natural sources of mineral water. Karlovy Vary is twinned with: Sokolov Basin The Sokolov Basin or Falkenau Basin ( Czech : Sokolovská pánev ; German : Falkenauer Becken , formerly also Falkenau-Elbogen-Karlsbader Becken ) is a structural basin and geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic . It is located in the central part of

1400-626: The spa cultural landscape have been protected as an urban monument reservation . As part of the Great Spa Towns of Europe , Karlovy Vary became a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its spas and architecture from the 18th through 20th centuries. Císařské lázně is the most important spa building, protected as a national cultural monument . It was built in the historicist style of the French Neo-Renaissance in 1893–1895. The largest colonnade with five mineral springs

1440-671: The steepest in the Czech Republic, the Diana funicular was at the time of commissioning the longest funicular in Austria-Hungary . The city is accessible via the D6 motorway and inter-city public transport options include inter-city buses, České dráhy , and Deutsche Bahn via the Karlovy Vary–Johanngeorgenstadt railway . Karlovy Vary Airport is an international airport located 4.5 kilometres (3 mi) southeast from

1480-471: The town. On the western edge of the town is the Novorolský Pond, supplied by the stream Vlčí potok. It has an area of 20 ha (49 acres) and is used for recreational purposes and fish farming. The first written mention of Nová Role is from 1293, when it was a royal property. It was a Slavic village, whose foundation is associated with deposits of tin, silver and iron ore on the upper course of

1520-577: Was also colloquially called Warmbad (German for "hot bath"). Karlovy Vary is located about 106 kilometres (66 mi) west of Prague . The northern part of the municipal territory with most of the built-up area lies in a relatively flat landscape of the Sokolov Basin . The southern part, including the valley of the Teplá River, lies in a hilly landscape of the Slavkov Forest and in the eponymous protected landscape area. The highest point

1560-513: Was also used for the All Saints' Church in Leipzig . It was built with the financial support of English spa guests. Today it no longer serves religious purposes and houses a wax museum. The Church of Saint Leonard of Noblac was the oldest ecclesiastical structure in the territory of Karlovy Vary. It was first documented in 1246. This late Romanesque structure is located in the woods south of

1600-430: Was visited by many members of European aristocracy as well as celebrities from many fields of endeavour. It became even more popular after railway lines were completed from Prague to Cheb in 1870. The number of visitors rose from 134 families in the 1756 season to 26,000 guests annually at the end of the 19th century. The greatest year for tourism was 1911, when the number of visitors reached 70,956. World War I ended

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