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43-523: NOHO West is a mixed-use complex in North Hollywood, Los Angeles . Developed on the 25-acre site (10 ha) of the former Laurel Plaza regional shopping mall, the development includes residential units, commercial offices and pedestrian-oriented shops and restaurants. Groundbreaking for NOHO West began in April 2017. The development was planned to be completed in phases. The Macy's department store

86-403: A catch-all name for diverse shopping areas along Laurel Canyon and Victory boulevards. After the 1994 Northridge earthquake , the mall was closed due to damage but the department store May Co. remained open. It became a Robinsons-May in 1993, later Macy's in 2006 which operated until 2016, after the property was sold for redevelopment. North Hollywood, Los Angeles North Hollywood

129-502: A children's play area, and picnic tables, is in North Hollywood. Eighteen percent of North Hollywood residents aged 25 and older had earned a four-year degree by 2000, an average figure for both the city and the county. The percentage of the same-age residents with less than a high school diploma was high for the county. Schools within the North Hollywood boundaries are: North Hollywood Amelia Earhart Regional Library

172-570: A deeper aquifer has a lower permeable unit that confines the upward flow, then the water level in this aquifer may rise to a level that is greater or less than the elevation of the actual water table. The elevation of the water in this deeper well is dependent upon the pressure in the deeper aquifer and is referred to as the potentiometric surface , not the water table. The water table may vary due to seasonal changes such as precipitation and evapotranspiration . In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation,

215-703: A further B Line extension further into the Valley, Metro built the Metro G Line bus rapid transit . Its terminus is located across the street from the subway station . This expanded the station area into a transit hub , and many local and rapid buses now stop at the station. Proposals have been made to extend the B Line northeasterly to Bob Hope Airport in Burbank and the Downtown Burbank Metrolink station in downtown Burbank, or to extend it in

258-410: A hot summer Mediterranean Climate ( Köppen climate classification Csa). The 2000 U.S. census counted 77,848 residents in the 5.87-square-mile North Hollywood neighborhood—or 13,264 people per square mile, about an average population density for the city but among the highest for the county. In 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 87,241. In 2000, the median age for residents

301-477: A northwesterly direction along Lankershim Boulevard and eventually to Sylmar. Neither project is currently funded nor is included in Metro's Long Term Transportation Plan. The North Hollywood to Pasadena Transit Corridor was approved by the Metro board April 28, 2022, and is expected to be completed by 2024. It has promised to provide faster bus service to Glendale and Pasadena. Water table The water table

344-570: A second auditorium and a community room; the gymnasium's capacity is 250 people. The Valley Plaza Recreation Center in North Hollywood includes an auditorium, barbecue pits, a lighted baseball diamond, lighted outdoor basketball courts, a children's play area, a 40-person community room, a lighted American football field, an indoor gymnasium without weights, an outdoor gymnasium without weights, picnic tables, lighted tennis courts, and unlighted volleyball courts. The Jamie Beth Slaven Park, an unstaffed pocket park with unlighted outdoor basketball courts,

387-776: Is a Los Angeles , California , neighborhood, located in the San Fernando Valley . The neighborhood contains the NoHo Arts District , El Portal Theater , several art galleries, and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The North Hollywood Metro Rail station is the northern terminus of the B Line subway on the Los Angeles Metro . North Hollywood was established by the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company in 1887. It

430-434: Is bordered on the north by Sun Valley and on the northeast and east by Burbank . Toluca Lake borders North Hollywood on the southeast and south, and Studio City abuts it on the southwest. It is bordered by Valley Village and Valley Glen on the west. North Hollywood is not bordered by the neighborhood of Hollywood , as North Hollywood is approximately 6 mi (9.7 km) north of Hollywood. North Hollywood has

473-411: Is groundwater that has remained in an aquifer for several millennia and occurs mainly in deserts . It is non-renewable by present-day rainfall due to its depth below the surface, and any extraction causes a permanent change in the water table in such regions. Most crops need a water table at a minimum depth. For some important food and fiber crops a classification was made because at shallower depths

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516-602: Is located in North Hollywood. The Los Angeles County Transportation Commission approved the construction of the subway connecting North Hollywood to Hollywood, East Hollywood, Koreatown, Westlake and downtown Los Angeles along the Metro Rail Red Line in 1990. The decision followed the Los Angeles City Council unanimously endorsing North Hollywood as the northern terminal of the Red Line with

559-462: Is mostly in North Hollywood, with a portion in Valley Village . The park has an auditorium, lighted indoor baseball diamond courts, lighted outdoor baseball diamonds, lighted outdoor basketball courts, a children's play area, lighted handball courts, picnic tables, an outdoor unheated seasonal pool, and lighted tennis courts. In addition the center has an indoor gymnasium which can be used as

602-411: Is the surface where the water pressure head is equal to the atmospheric pressure (where gauge pressure = 0). It may be visualized as the "surface" of the subsurface materials that are saturated with groundwater in a given vicinity. The groundwater may be from precipitation or from groundwater flowing into the aquifer. In areas with sufficient precipitation, water infiltrates through pore spaces in

645-694: The dryland farming technique developed on the Great Plains and leased land from the Association to test his theories. In time, the Lankershim property, under its third name, the Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company, would become the world's largest wheat-growing empire. In October 1887, J.B. Lankershim and eight other developers organized the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company, purchasing 12,000 acres (49 km ) north of

688-460: The 1990s, the demographic changes had almost completely transformed the region. The North Hollywood shootout occurred in 1997, leaving 12 Los Angeles Police Department officers and eight civilians injured and the two armed robbers dead. The opening of North Hollywood station in 2000, establishment and success of the NoHo Arts District in the old "downtown", and repurposing of disused lots such as Laurel Plaza into NoHo West, has revitalized

731-540: The Cahuenga Pass from the Lankershim Farming and Milling Company. Lankershim established a townsite which the residents named Toluca along the old road from Cahuenga Pass to San Fernando . On April 1, 1888, they offered ready-made small farms for sale, already planted with deep-rooted deciduous fruit and nut trees—mostly peaches, pears, apricots, and walnuts—that could survive the rainless summers of

774-639: The Regal North Hollywood & 4DX theatre had their grand opening in May 2021. Laurel Plaza was a 600,000-square-foot regional shopping mall (56,000 m) that opened in 1968. May Company California was the department store anchor and it had 30 specialty and high fashion shops, an ice skating rink, restaurants, snack facilities and a central mall. Prior to the opening of the Laurel Plaza mall, May Co. marketed itself as part of Valley Plaza ,

817-672: The Valley Plaza retail space is either empty, portion is now a middle school, and the Laurel Plaza site is under construction to become the NoHo West mixed-use development , which includes retail. By the late 1950s, many of the original owners were aging, and their children were moving to other areas. School integration in the subsequent years, blockbusting , and subsequent ethnic turmoil encouraged many remaining families to move out, who in turn were replaced with black and Hispanic families moving from Central and South Los Angeles . By

860-529: The Valley by relying on the high water table along the Tujunga Wash rather than surface irrigation. The land boom of the 1880s went bust by the 1890s, but despite another brutal drought cycle in the late 1890s, the fruit and nut farmers remained solvent. The Toluca Fruit Growers Association was formed in 1894. The next year the Southern Pacific opened a branch line slanting northwest across

903-408: The Valley to Chatsworth . The Chatsworth Limited made one freight stop a day at Toluca, though the depot bore the new name of Lankershim. With the post office across the street being called Toluca, controversy over the town's name continued, and the local ranchers used to quip, "Ship the merchandise to Lankershim, but bill it to Toluca." In 1896, under pressure from Lankershim, the post office at Toluca

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946-443: The aquifer and the permeability of the material. The water table does not always mimic the topography due to variations in the underlying geological structure (e.g., folded, faulted, fractured bedrock). A perched water table (or perched aquifer) is an aquifer that occurs above the regional water table. This occurs when there is an impermeable layer of rock or sediment ( aquiclude ) or relatively impermeable layer ( aquitard ) above

989-418: The capillary effect ( capillary fringe ) in soils , sediments and other porous media . In the aquifer, groundwater flows from points of higher pressure to points of lower pressure, and the direction of groundwater flow typically has both a horizontal and a vertical component. The slope of the water table is known as the “hydraulic gradient”, which depends on the rate at which water is added to and removed from

1032-463: The crop suffers a yield decline. A water table close to the surface affects excavation, drainage, foundations, wells and leach fields (in areas without municipal water and sanitation), and more. When excavation occurs near enough to the water table to reach its capillary action, groundwater must be removed during construction. This is conspicuous in Berlin , which is built on sandy, marshy ground, and

1075-547: The farmers' profit margins, making their continued existence tenuous. When droughts hit the valley again, rather than face foreclosure, the most vulnerable farmers agreed to mortgage their holdings to the fruit packing company and banks in Los Angeles for the immediate future and vote on annexation. West Lankershim agreed to be annexed to the City of Los Angeles in 1919. Lankershim proper and non-proper joined in 1923. Much of

1118-472: The federal legislation that enabled the construction of the aqueduct prohibited Los Angeles from selling the water outside of the city limits. At first, resistance to the real-estate development and downtown business interests of Los Angeles remained strong enough to keep the small farmers unified in opposition to annexation. However, the fruit packing company interests were taken over by the Los Angeles interests. The two conspired to decrease prices and mitigate

1161-450: The final route having termini at Union Station and North Hollywood. The North Hollywood Metro Subway station opened in June 2000. Close to half a million people took advantage of free rides on the 17.4-mile (28.0 km) Red Line subway in its first weekend in operation. The station is the starting point for the B Line of the Metro subway, which cost $ 4.5 billion to build. Instead of

1204-695: The heart of North Hollywood. Since 2000, the community has been developing and undergoing many changes, thanks in large part to the formation of the 743-acre North Hollywood Development District and the subsequent NoHo Commons projects. In 2015, Lankershim Boulevard in North Hollywood was part of the first San Fernando Valley CicLAvia , an event sponsored by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority in which major roads are temporarily closed to motorized vehicle traffic and used for recreational human-powered transport . North Hollywood

1247-531: The late 1940s and 1950s the area saw the first department-store-anchored, auto-oriented shopping center in the Valley: Valley Plaza , covering both a development at Laurel Canyon at Victory boulevards but also a loose collection of other retail stores south along Laurel Canyon to Oxnard, including a branch of the May Co. , the second-largest suburban department store branch in the U.S. at the time. In

1290-435: The main water table/aquifer but below the land surface. If a perched aquifer's flow intersects the surface, at a valley wall, for example, the water is discharged as a spring . On low-lying oceanic islands with porous soil, freshwater tends to collect in lenticular pools on top of the denser seawater intruding from the sides of the islands. Such an island's freshwater lens, and thus the water table, rises and falls with

1333-681: The mid-1950s Valley Plaza claimed to be the largest shopping center on the West Coast of the United States and the third-largest in the country. It was difficult for the Lankershim retail district to compete and by 1980, most stores had closed including Rathbun's. The May Co. at the south end of the Valley Plaza shopping district built its own attached, enclosed mall, Laurel Plaza , opening in 1968. The last department of Valley Plaza's anchors, Sears , closed in 2019 as department store-anchored shopping centers lost favor. As of 2020, much of

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1376-694: The most common places of birth for this portion of the population. The percentages of never-married men and never-married women were among the county's highest. The median yearly household income in 2008 dollars was $ 42,791, considered average for the city but low for the county. The percentages of households that earned $ 40,000 or less were high for the county. Renters occupied 75.4% of the housing stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 24.6%. The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences , El Portal Theater , Idle Hour Cafe , Phil's Diner , NoHo Gateway Sign , and Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery are located in North Hollywood. The North Hollywood Recreation Center

1419-443: The promised water delivery was withheld, and many of the ranchers one by one had their holding foreclosed or transferred to the packing companies. In turn, these were bought up by the real-estate developers and by the late 1920s a massive effort was underway to market the area to prospective home owners throughout the country. As part of this effort, in 1927, in an effort to capitalize on the glamour and proximity of Hollywood, Lankershim

1462-431: The shopping strip included three full-line department stores: J.C. Penney at 5261 Lankershim, Yeakel & Goss department store at 5272, and the upscale single-location Rathbun's department store at nos. 5311 (5307–15), opened in 1921. There were also branches of the large Harris & Frank clothing chain at 5236 Lankershim that opened in 1950, J. J. Newberry five and dime at 5321, and Safeway at 5356. In

1505-497: The soil, passing through the unsaturated zone. At increasing depths, water fills in more of the pore spaces in the soils, until a zone of saturation is reached. Below the water table, in the phreatic zone (zone of saturation), layers of permeable rock that yield groundwater are called aquifers . In less permeable soils, such as tight bedrock formations and historic lakebed deposits, the water table may be more difficult to define. “Water table” and “ water level ” are not synonymous. If

1548-479: The tides. In some regions, for example, Great Britain or California , winter precipitation is often higher than summer precipitation and so the groundwater storage is not fully recharged in summer. Consequently, the water table is lower during the summer. This disparity between the level of the winter and summer water table is known as the "zone of intermittent saturation", wherein the water table will fluctuate in response to climatic conditions. Fossil water

1591-409: The water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer. Springs , rivers , lakes and oases occur when the water table reaches the surface. Groundwater entering rivers and lakes accounts for the base-flow water levels in water bodies. Within an aquifer, the water table is rarely horizontal, but reflects the surface relief due to

1634-479: Was Isaac Lankershim , a Northern California stockman and grain farmer, who was impressed by the Valley's wild oats and proposed to raise sheep on the property. In 1873, Isaac Lankershim's son and future son-in-law, James Boon Lankershim and Isaac Newton Van Nuys , moved to the San Fernando Valley and took over management of the property. Van Nuys thought the property could profitably grow wheat using

1677-471: Was 30, considered an average age for city and county neighborhoods; the percentage of residents aged 19 to 34 was among the county's highest. The neighborhood was considered "moderately diverse" ethnically within Los Angeles. The breakdown was 57.7% Latino , 27% Non-Hispanic White , 5.7% Asian , 5.6% black , and 4% from other groups. Foreign-born residents made up 46.4% of residents, a high percentage for Los Angeles; Mexico (43.2%) and El Salvador (16%) were

1720-522: Was converted into 500,000 square feet (46,000 m) of office space. Major retail tenants that were announced prior to opening included 24 Hour Fitness , Regal Cinemas , Old Navy , and Trader Joe's . The first units in the residential section became available in December 2021 with the final units are expected to become available by April 2023. In the commercial retail section of the development, Trader Joe's had their grand opening in June 2020. while

1763-765: Was first named "Toluca" before being renamed "Lankershim" in 1896 and finally "North Hollywood" in 1927. North Hollywood was once part of the vast landholdings of the Mission San Fernando Rey de España , which was confiscated by the government during the Mexican period of rule. A group of investors assembled as the San Fernando Farm Homestead Association purchased the southern half of the Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando . The leading investor

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1806-614: Was renamed "Lankershim" after his father, although the new name of the town would not be officially recognized until 1905. By 1903, the area was known as "The Home of the Peach". In 1912, the area's major employer, the Bonner Fruit Company, was canning over a million tons of peaches, apricots, and other fruits. When the Los Angeles Aqueduct opened in 1913, Valley farmers offered to buy the surplus water, but

1849-404: Was renamed "North Hollywood". The result was a massive development of housing which transformed the area into a suburban development of Los Angeles. Lankershim Boulevard around Magnolia Boulevard was the heart of the town of Lankershim, and of North Hollywood and until the mid-1950s boasted the largest concentration of retail stores, banks, restaurants, and entertainment. In 1953, for example,

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