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99-760: North Merrick is a hamlet and census-designated place in the Town of Hempstead , in Nassau County , near the South Shore of Long Island , in New York , United States . The population was 12,238 at the time of the 2020 census. According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km), of which 1.8 square miles (4.7 km) is land and 0.56%

198-531: A Council of Appointment . Governor John Jay sent a special message to the lower chamber ( New York State Assembly ) on February 26, 1801, and the same message to the upper chamber ( New York State Senate ) on the following day, in relation to the Council of Appointment, reciting the differences which had existed between Council and Governor, not only during his own term, but during the term of his predecessor, Governor George Clinton . Governor Jay claimed that under

297-540: A Convention" for the purpose of considering the question of the interpretation of §23 of the Constitution, and also that part of the Constitution relating to the number of members of both Senate and Assembly. The Senate was originally composed of twenty-four members, and the Assembly of seventy members, and provision was made for an increase in each chamber at stated periods, until the maximum should be reached, which

396-552: A contiguous territory and be "as compact in form as practicable". Emergency powers are described in Section 25. The legislature is granted the power to enact measures allowing the continuity of government, and "provide for prompt and temporary succession" of public offices if they were to become unavailable in the event of an emergency caused by "enemy attack or by disasters (natural or otherwise)". The final paragraph states: "Nothing in this article shall be construed to limit in any way

495-506: A county administrator, who acts on behalf of the legislature, the legislature must maintain ultimate control over the actions of the administrator. Many, but not all, charter counties have an elected executive who is independent of the legislature; the exact form of government is defined in the County Charter. In New York, each city is a highly autonomous incorporated area that, with the exceptions of New York City and Geneva ,

594-642: A land-use classification for private land under its Adirondack Park Land Use and Development Plan (APLUDP). The APLUDP extends the boundaries for its classification of hamlets "well beyond established settlements" to allow for growth. In New York, a village is an incorporated area. About 85% of villages fall within a single town. Villages in the State of New York are classified by the Census Bureau as incorporated places . Like all municipal corporations, villages have clearly defined legal boundaries. A village

693-417: A mayor and (usually) four trustees. The board is responsible for approving mayoral appointments, managing village finances and property, and approving a budget. The mayor, who is generally the chief executive of the village, may vote in all business before the board and must vote to break a tie. The mayor generally does not possess veto power, unless this is provided for by local law. Administrative duties of

792-537: A minority which was defeated by 86 votes for this compromise. Previously, both motions, to vest the right of nomination either exclusively in the governor or exclusively in the Council members, were defeated. The changes in this version of the Constitution were: In 1821, the power struggle between Governor DeWitt Clinton and the Bucktails faction of the Democratic-Republican Party led to

891-556: A resident at least 30 days before the date of an election. Any form of bribery or compensation to compel the giving or withholding of a vote is not allowed. The article also establishes the general operation of absentee ballots, voter registration, and elections. Article III establishes the powers and limitations of the bicameral New York State Legislature , which consists of a Senate containing 50 members initially, and an Assembly containing 150 members. Except for Senators elected in 1895 who served three-year terms, every legislative member

990-948: A small majority, with 247,240 for and 240,442 against it. William A. Wheeler presided. Waldo Hutchins , William M. Evarts , George Opdyke , George William Curtis , Horace Greeley , Ira Harris , Martin I. Townsend , Charles Andrews , Charles J. Folger , Augustus Frank , Augustus Schell , Henry C. Murphy , Homer A. Nelson , David L. Seymour , George F. Comstock , John Magee , Sanford E. Church , Marshall B. Champlain , Teunis G. Bergen , William D. Veeder , John G. Schumaker , Stephen J. Colahan , Elbridge T. Gerry , Gideon J. Tucker , Samuel J. Tilden , Edwards Pierrepont , James Brooks , William Hitchman , Abraham B. Tappen , B. Platt Carpenter , Erastus Corning , Amasa J. Parker , Marius Schoonmaker , Edwin A. Merritt , Leslie W. Russell , Thomas G. Alvord , Horatio Ballard , Hobart Krum , Ezra Graves , Elbridge G. Lapham , Frank Hiscock , Seth Wakeman , and Israel T. Hatch were among

1089-602: A town; 35.9% were living in a town but outside a village. Whereas cities and villages can cross county boundaries, each town in New York is completely contained within a single county. New York towns are classified by statute as being a town of the first class or a town of the second class . Additionally, a town of the first class can further be classified as a suburban town upon meeting certain criteria. Originally, towns of different classes possessed different powers. Since 1964, all towns, regardless of classification, have had

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1188-481: A uniform statewide Village Law (twelve villages still operate under charters issued by the state legislature prior to a revision of the State Constitution in 1874 that forbade chartering villages). Also, villages are part of a town (or towns; some villages cross town borders), with residents who pay taxes to and receive services from the town. Cities are neither part of nor subordinate to towns except for

1287-510: A village becomes a city, the Legislature requires clear evidence, usually in the form of a locally drafted charter, that the community in question seeks to incorporate as a city. The forms of government cities can have are council–manager, strong mayor–council, weak mayor–council or commission. Forty-six cities, the majority, use the mayor–council form. The City of New York is a special case. The state legislature reorganized government in

1386-494: A village or town but will perform some of the functions of the other form. Villages remain part of the towns in which they are located; village residents pay both town and village taxes, and vote in both town and village elections. Towns can contain several hamlets and communities. If the United States Postal Service (USPS) has a post office in a hamlet it often will use the name of that hamlet, as will

1485-423: Is Sherrill, New York , with just 3,071 inhabitants in 2010. The smallest city by area is Mechanicville, New York , which covers 0.91 sq mi (2.4 km ) (of which 0.08 sq mi (0.2 km ) is water). Some places containing the word "city" in their name are not cities. Examples include Johnson City , Garden City , and New City . Several cities, such as Albany, are divided into wards for

1584-408: Is a municipality that provides services to the residents, services that may or may not include garbage collection, management of cemeteries, street and highway maintenance, street lighting, and building codes. Some villages provide their own police and other municipal services. Villages have less autonomy than cities. While cities are not subject to a town's jurisdiction, villages legally remain part of

1683-402: Is commonplace to change boundaries and define new CDPs for each census. The Census Bureau formerly referred to CDPs as "unincorporated places" from 1950 through the 1970 decennial censuses. The term CDP was first used for the 1980 census , and minimum population criteria for CDPs were dropped with the 2000 census . Though the term "hamlet" is not defined under New York law, many people in

1782-456: Is contained within one county. Cities in New York are classified by the U.S. Census Bureau as incorporated places. They provide almost all services to their residents and have the highest degree of home rule and taxing jurisdiction over their residents. The main difference between a city and a village is that cities are organized and governed according to their charters , which can differ widely among cities, while most villages are subject to

1881-411: Is elected to two-year terms. The current number of Senators is set by State Law §123, and the number of Senate districts is set at 63 by State Law §124; currently, there are 63 Senate seats. The legislative process, such as the passage of bills, is also described in this article. The article includes rules and processes for drawing legislative districts and making apportionments. The United States Census

1980-558: Is in three towns and two counties. Five towns are coterminous with their single village and have a coterminous town-village form of government. Despite their names, Greenwich Village , the East Village , and Queens Village are not villages, but neighborhoods of the City of New York . A borough is one of the five major administrative divisions of the consolidated City of New York . Boroughs do not currently exist elsewhere in

2079-470: Is protected by a volunteer fire department that is responsible for one of the smallest fire districts in Nassau County covering 2.1 square miles (5.4 km). The North Merrick Fire Department has approximately 85 members using 16 pieces of apparatus located at one station. Hamlet (New York) See also: [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The administrative divisions of New York are

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2178-425: Is then voted upon by the qualified voters living in the proposed village only. Some villages have fewer than 500 residents, having incorporated before the present population requirement or fallen below the old 500-resident threshold after incorporation. A village may also be dissolved, returning all government control to the town level. The process of dissolution can be initiated by the village board itself, or upon

2277-514: Is used to determine the number of inhabitants; if it is not carried out or fails to provide this information, then the state Legislature has the power to enumerate its inhabitants. Whenever districts must be amended, an "independent redistricting commission" composed of ten members (two appointed by the temporary president of the Senate , two appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly , two appointed by

2376-540: Is water. As of the census of 2020, there were 12,238 people, 4,110 households, and 3,386 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 7,119.3 inhabitants per square mile (2,748.8/km). There were 4,221 housing units at an average density of 2454.0/sq mi (947.5/km). As of 2023, the racial makeup of the CDP was 82.28% White , 4.1% African American , 0.0% Native American , 3.06% Asian , 0.0% Pacific Islander , 0.29% from other races , and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.44% of

2475-406: Is water. The town of Webb ( Herkimer County ) has the greatest land area, at 451 sq mi (1,170 km ). The smallest town, Green Island ( Albany County ), covers 0.7 sq mi (1.8 km ). The town of Hempstead ( Nassau County ) has about 760,000 people (2010 census), making it more populous than any city in the state except New York City . Red House ( Cattaraugus County ),

2574-606: The Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of New York . Articles VIII (titled "Local Finances") and IX (titled "Local Government", but commonly referred to as the "Home Rule" article) of the state constitution establish the rights and responsibilities of the municipal governments. The New York State Constitution provides for democratically elected legislative bodies for counties, cities, towns and villages. These legislative bodies are granted

2673-836: The Meadowbrook State Parkway and the Southern State Parkway , pass through North Merrick; both of these highways are owned and maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation . Additionally, the Meadowbrook State Parkway forms large portions of North Merrick's western border, with Roosevelt and Uniondale . Other major roadways which pass through the hamlet include Camp Avenue, Jerusalem Avenue (CR 105) , Meadowbrook Road, and Merrick Avenue (CR 4) . The closest airports include: North Merrick

2772-634: The New York and New Jersey campaign . The work of creating a democratic and free independent state continued by the Convention through the bitter winter with the British quartered in the City of New York and Washington's few thousand troops camped in winter quarters to the southwest in Morristown, New Jersey . The first Constitutional Convention in New York's history terminated its labors at Kingston, New York , on Sunday evening, April 20, 1777, when

2871-439: The United States Census Bureau as "a statistical entity defined for each decennial census according to Census Bureau guidelines, comprising a densely settled concentration of population" that is not part of a city or a village "but is locally identified by a name." CDPs may cross town and county borders. CDPs are defined collaboratively by state and local officials and the Census Bureau. They are defined for each census, and it

2970-400: The 1894 Constitution, from the sixth Convention, which was (and is) still in force. New York's constitution consists of a preamble and 20 articles. It was last amended on January 1, 2018. We The People of the State of New York, grateful to Almighty God for our Freedom, in order to secure its blessings, DO ESTABLISH THIS CONSTITUTION. Article I establishes the rights and personal freedoms of

3069-595: The 1894 Constitution, the people were to vote on the holding of a seventh Constitutional Convention in 1916. However, the Governor proposed that the Convention be moved up to 1915 so that it would not be overshadowed by other issues. Thus, in April 1914, a referendum approved a Constitutional Convention to be held in 1915. There were 168 delegates to the 1915 Convention. The delegates included: Elihu Root (the President of

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3168-444: The 1915 Convention proposed numerous overhauls to the judicial system. The Legislature rejected this article and it was not sent to the voters. However, in 1921, the Legislature authorized a group of thirty people to revise the judiciary article of the 1894 Constitution. However, the proposed article included many proposals from the 1915 Convention, and was again rejected by the Legislature. The Constitution established in 1894 required

3267-409: The Constitution the Governor had the exclusive right of nomination, but some members of the Council of Appointment claimed a concurrent right of nomination. This, the Governor denied, and in this message he recommends that it be settled in some way. Since the original Constitution had no provisions as to how to amend it, on April 6, 1801, the legislature passed a law with the title "An Act Recommending

3366-1511: The Convention), Edgar T. Brackett , Jacob Brenner , Alphonso T. Clearwater , Patrick W. Cullinan , Seth Low , Louis Marshall , John Lord O'Brian , Herbert Parsons , Adolph J. Rodenbeck , Jacob Gould Schurman , Henry L. Stimson , George W. Wickersham , Franklin A. Coles , Harry E. Lewis , Meier Steinbrink , Harry Heyman , John F. Ahearn , Abraham Harawitz , Alfred E. Smith , Harry E. Oxford , Morgan J. O'Brien , John B. Stanchfield , James A. Foley , De Lancey Nicoll , William F. Sheehan , Thomas Francis Smith , Thomas Maurice Mulry , John Thomas Dooling , John Godfrey Saxe II , Robert F. Wagner , Courtlandt Nicoll , Frederick C. Tanner , Mark Eisner , William M. K. Olcott , Martin Saxe , J. Sidney Bernstein , Nathan Burkan , Anthony J. Griffin , Louis F. Haffen , Francis W. Martin , George A. Blauvelt , Eugene Lamb Richards , Francis A. Winslow , Frank L. Young , Caleb H. Baumes , Lemuel E. Quigg , William Barnes Jr. , Harold J. Hinman , Victor M. Allen , W. Barlow Dunlap , Louis M. Martin , Ray B. Smith , Israel T. Deyo , George E. Green , Jesse S. Phillips , James Wolcott Wadsworth , Frank M. Jones , Benjamin Rush Rhees , Homer E. A. Dick , Charles B. Sears , Matthias Endres , Frank W. Standart , and James S. Whipple . Proposed changes included: All of

3465-646: The Legislature passed "An Act to amend chapter 398, of the Laws of 1892, entitled 'An Act to provide for a convention to revise and amend the Constitution'", calling a Constitutional Convention to meet in 1894. The 175 delegates were elected at the New York state election, 1893 , five in each senatorial district, and 15 at-large. The Convention met on May 8, 1894, at the New York State Capitol in Albany; and adjourned on September 29. The revised Constitution

3564-422: The Legislature. This imbalance of power between the branches of state government kept the elite firmly in control, and disenfranchised the majority of the male New York population. Slavery was legal in New York until 1827. Under this Constitution, the lower chamber Assembly had a provision for a maximum of 70 Members, with the following apportionment: This apportionment stood unchanged until seven years after

3663-556: The Senate Minority Leader, two appointed by the Assembly Minority Leader, and two appointed by the eight other appointed members) is created. Drawing of district lines must not violate racial or language minority voting rights. Each district must contain "as nearly as may be an equal number of inhabitants"; if it does not the commission must provide a reason. Additionally, districts must consist of

3762-867: The State Senate, equally divided between the two major political parties. The Commission met from December 4, 1872, to March 15, 1873. They proposed amendments to the Constitution of 1846, which was still in force with amendments which were then approved or rejected by the Legislature, and those approved were then submitted to the voters for ratification. Among the members were: Robert H. Pruyn who presided; George Opdyke , Augustus Schell , John D. Van Buren , Erastus Brooks , Benjamin D. Silliman , George C. Burdett , Francis Kernan , Elias W. Leavenworth , Daniel Pratt , John F. Hubbard Jr. , Barna R. Johnson , Lucius Robinson , George B. Bradley , Van Rensselaer Richmond , Lysander Farrar , Lorenzo Morris and Sherman S. Rogers . Major changes: On January 27, 1893,

3861-542: The U.S. Census Bureau as minor civil divisions . Like New Jersey and southern New England , all of New York is incorporated; all residents who do not live in a city or on an Indian reservation live in a town. Towns provide or arrange for the primary functions of local government. While some provide most municipal services for all town residents and selected services for residents of villages, some provide little more than road maintenance. There were 933 towns in New York. As of 2000 , 45.8% of state residents were living in

3960-451: The area in the 1890s in an effort to consolidate. Other cities, villages, and towns were annexed to become the " City of Greater New York ", (an unofficial term, the new city retained the name of New York), a process basically completed in 1898. At the time of consolidation, Queens County was split. Its western towns joined the city, leaving three towns that were never part of the consolidation plan as part of Queens County but not part of

4059-495: The area of the proposed village must have at least 1,500 inhabitants and not be part of an existing city or village. Additionally, the proposed village can be no more than 5 square miles (13 km ) in area unless its boundaries are to be coterminous with a school, fire, improvement or other district, or the entire town. The process of incorporation begins with a petition by either 20% of residents or owners of 50% of assessed real property. If deemed legally sufficient, incorporation

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4158-557: The bill. The Bucktails did not have a two-thirds majority in the legislature to override the veto. During the regular session (beginning in January 1821), the Legislature passed a new bill that put the question to the people. At the state election in April 1821, the people voted in favor of the convention. The convention met from August to November in Albany . U.S. Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins presided. Between January 15 and 17, 1822,

4257-527: The call for a Constitutional Convention by the Bucktail members of the legislature, against Clinton's fierce opposition. Their intention was to transfer powers from the executive to the legislative branch of the government. In November 1820, the legislature passed a bill which authorized the holding of a convention with unlimited powers. Governor Clinton cast the deciding vote in the Council of Revision to veto

4356-427: The cities of New York and Albany city charters, which were recognized by the first State Constitution in 1777. All other cities have been established by act of the state legislature and have been granted a charter. Cities have been granted the power to revise their charters or adopt new ones. There are no minimum population or area requirements in order to become a city. While there is no defined process for how and when

4455-541: The city of Sherrill , which for some purposes is treated as if it were a village of the town of Vernon . Some cities are completely surrounded by a town, typically of the same name. There are sixty-two cities in the state. As of 2000 , 54.1% of state residents were living in a city; 42.2% were living in New York City; 11.9% were living in one of the other 61 cities. In 1686, the English colonial governor granted

4554-610: The consolidated city. Each borough individually elects a borough president and used to elect two at-large city council members, in addition to those elected based on each borough's population. The borough presidents once wielded considerable power as members of the New York City Board of Estimate , but the position is now largely ceremonial and advisory. Boroughs function as counties for certain purposes, but have no county government. The five New York City district attorneys , however, are still elected by county (for example,

4653-588: The convention had a small Republican majority. The convention met in June at Albany, New York , adjourned on September 23, met again on November 12, and adjourned again in February 1868. Afterwards the draft was discussed in the New York State Legislature for another year and a half, the questions being if to vote for the whole Constitution or separately for some or all articles. In the end,

4752-614: The county also publish maps that conflict both in the number of hamlets and their boundaries. Nevertheless, all land not within a village is administered by the town. Most of the rest of New York's hamlets, however, have less well-defined boundaries, and most towns have areas that are not considered to be a part of any hamlet. The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) puts hamlet names on rectangular green signs with white lettering at roadside locations of its choosing. The NYSDOT and local governments also provide community identification signs on some scenic byways to be placed at

4851-595: The county boundaries—each have a Borough Board made up of the Borough President, the borough's district council members, and the chairpersons of the borough's community boards. A mayor serves as the city's chief executive officer. The most populous and largest city in the state is New York City , with a population of over 8.5 million inhabitants and comprising just over 300 sq mi (777.00 km ) of land (468.87 sq mi (1,214.368 km ) total area, which includes water). The least populous city

4950-497: The day that the constitution will take effect, which is January 1, 1939. The Fourth New York Provincial Congress , resolving itself as the Convention of Representatives of the State of New York , adopted the first constitution of the state of New York on April 20, 1777. The Province of New York was established after the naval invasion and absorption of the previous Dutch Colony of New Netherlands . The original proprietor

5049-497: The delegates were DeWitt Clinton (future governor), James Clinton , William Floyd , Ezra L'Hommedieu , Smith Thompson , Daniel D. Tompkins , John Vernon Henry , William P. Van Ness , and Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr , who presided. Tompkins was one of the 14 who voted against the right of nomination being given to the members of the Council of Appointments and the Governor concurrently,

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5148-415: The delegates. The changes in this version of the constitution were: According to the Constitution of 1846, twenty years after its elaboration the electorate was asked if they wanted a constitutional convention to be held, which was answered in the affirmative at the New York state election, 1866 with 352,854 votes for, and 256,364 against the convention. On April 23, 1867, the delegates were elected, and

5247-422: The delegates. The changes in this version of the constitution were: After the rejection of all amendments proposed by the Convention of 1867–68, except the judicial article, Governor John T. Hoffman suggested to the Legislature that a non-partisan Constitutional Commission of 32 members should be formed. The Commission had four members from each senatorial district, appointed by the Governor, and confirmed by

5346-752: The delegates. The changes in this version of the constitution were: The delegates convened at Albany on June 1, 1846, and adjourned on October 9. The new Constitution was put before the voters at the next state election in November and was adopted. Yes: 221,528 votes, No: 92,436 votes. John Tracy presided. Ira Harris , George W. Patterson , Ambrose L. Jordan , Charles H. Ruggles , David R. Floyd-Jones , Charles O'Conor , Samuel J. Tilden (future New York Governor and 1876 presidential candidate who won popular vote but lost in electoral college to Rutherford B. Hayes ), Levi S. Chatfield , William B. Wright , Michael Hoffman and William C. Bouck were among

5445-537: The district attorney for Brooklyn is called the Kings County District Attorney). Constitution of New York The State of New York has held nine Constitutional Conventions : in 1776–1777, 1801, 1821, 1846, 1867–1868, 1894, 1915, 1938, and 1967; a Constitutional Commission in 1872–1873; and a Judicial Convention in 1921. Despite this, the state has had only four essentially de novo constitutions in its history, those of 1777 (replacing

5544-555: The end of the Revolutionary War , in 1790, when the First United States Census was held to correct apportionments. On the subject of enfranchisement , Article VII of the new constitution said: The Constitutional Convention of 1801 was not convened to propose a new Constitution. Instead, it formed purely to resolve differences of interpretation of §23 of the 1777 Constitution, which provided for

5643-712: The executive branch. All town justices were originally part of a town's board. Today, justices belong to a separate judicial branch known as Town Court or Justice Court, part of New York's Justice Court system. A town may contain one or more villages. Many towns have no villages. Five towns are coterminous with their single village and share the same name: Green Island in Albany County ; East Rochester in Monroe County ; and Scarsdale , Harrison , and Mount Kisco in Westchester County . A sixth,

5742-752: The form of government selected by the residents and approved by the New York State Legislature. Each type of local government is granted specific home rule powers by the New York State Constitution. There are still occasional changes as a village becomes a city, or a village dissolves (stops existing), each of which requires legislative action. New York also has various corporate entities that provide local services and have their own administrative structures (governments), such as school and fire districts. These are not found in all counties. Almost every piece of land in

5841-576: The former colonial charter), 1821, 1846, and 1894. During the 20th century, the State held three constitutional conventions, the efforts of two of which were rejected by the New York State electorate. However, portions of the seventh Convention's proposals of 1915, were adopted separately later in 1925 and 1927. The eighth Constitutional Convention of 1938, unlike all other state constitutional conventions since 1801, did not actually propose an entirely new Constitution, but just substantially modified

5940-541: The general provisions of the County Law. Although all counties have a certain latitude to govern themselves, "charter counties" are afforded greater home rule powers. The charter counties are Albany , Broome , Chautauqua , Chemung , Dutchess , Erie , Herkimer , Monroe , Nassau , Oneida , Onondaga , Orange , Putnam , Rensselaer , Rockland , Schenectady , Suffolk , Tompkins , Ulster , and Westchester . Sixteen counties are governed through an assembly with

6039-465: The least populous, has 38 permanent residents (2010 census). The use of "town" in a community's name is irrespective of municipal status. Elizabethtown , Germantown and Stephentown are towns. Cooperstown , home of the Baseball Hall of Fame , is a village, Jamestown and Middletown are cities, and Levittown is an unincorporated hamlet. A census-designated place (CDP) is defined by

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6138-494: The lieutenant governor first in line, and then the temporary president of the Senate. Article V describes the roles of the comptroller and attorney-general as well as the operation of the civil departments , of which there can be at most 20. Article VI describes the judicial branch, including the court systems , the operation of trials, and the conditions for appointing and removing judges and justices. It contains 37 sections, more than any other article. Article XX describes

6237-593: The limits. Based on the ZIP Code, the United States Postal Service (USPS) identifies the correct location for mail delivery. The New York State Gazetteer , published by the New York State Department of Health in 1995, includes a list of hamlets in the state. The criteria used for inclusion in the Gazetteer are not stated. The Adirondack Park Agency also uses the term "hamlet", though as

6336-516: The local fire department or elementary school. Businesses may also use the name of a hamlet as part of their name. The United States Census Bureau will, with consideration from the town, designate a census-designated place (CDP) that may use the name of one or more hamlets, though boundaries may differ from what is used by the ZIP code, local fire department, etc. Towns in New York may be further subdivided into wards, although as of 2017 , only fifteen of

6435-473: The mayor include enforcing laws and supervising employees. A village may also have a full-time village manager who performs these administrative duties instead of the mayor. In 2007, sixty-seven villages had such a manager. Some villages have their own village justice, while others utilize the justice of the town or towns in which they are located. While most villages are subject to a uniform statewide Village Law, twelve villages operate under charters issued by

6534-620: The mid-19th century; the New York City Council is currently elected from special districts, which are allowed to cross borough lines. New York City has a unique system of divisions, some of which possess governmental power, see Divisions unique to New York City . In New York, a town is a municipal corporation, and is the major division of each county (excluding the five boroughs that comprise New York City ), very similar to townships in other states such as Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana. Towns in New York are classified by

6633-452: The new Borough of Queens. (A small portion of the Town of Hempstead was itself annexed, also.) The next year (1899), the three eastern towns of Queens County separated to become Nassau County . The city today consists of the entire area of five counties (named New York, Kings, Queens, Bronx, and Richmond). While these counties have no county government, boroughs—with boundaries coterminous with

6732-443: The new Constitution was adopted with but one dissenting vote, and then adjourned. The site is now Senate House State Historic Site . The constitution was not submitted to the people for ratification, however because of the war situation. It was drafted by John Jay , Robert R. Livingston , (new Chancellor of the State of New York ), and Gouverneur Morris , who would subsequently help write the U.S. Constitution. This Constitution

6831-579: The new Constitution was rejected by the voters at the New York state election, 1869 , with 223,935 votes for and 290,456 against it. The Republican Party advocated the adoption, the Democrats the rejection of the new proposed Constitution of 1867-68, and by 1869 the Democrats had a majority in the State. Only the "Judicial Article" which re-organized the New York Court of Appeals was adopted by

6930-482: The new constitution, as amended by the convention, was put before the voters for ratification as a whole, and was accepted: for 74,732; against 41,402. There was deep division among New Yorkers over the merits of the amended constitution. Those who opposed it and who did not sign included: Supporters who signed the new constitution included: Peter R. Livingston , Alexander Sheldon , Jacob Radcliff , Peter Sharpe , Rufus King , and Nathaniel Pitcher were also among

7029-525: The newly independent " State of New York " was framed by a Convention which assembled at White Plains, New York , (just north of New York City ) on Sunday evening, July 10, 1776. The city was then threatened with a British occupation by an invading British Army landing on Staten Island . There were repeated adjournments and changes of location, caused by the increasingly desperate war situation, with General George Washington 's ragged Continental Army , forced out of New York City by crushing defeats in

7128-416: The only body that can create governmental units is the state. All of them have their own governments, sometimes with no paid employees, that provide local services. Centers of population that are not incorporated and have no government or local services are designated hamlets . Whether a municipality is defined as a borough, city, town, or village is determined not by population or land area, but rather on

7227-481: The people, as well as the responsibilities and limitations of the government. Many of the provisions in this article are similar to those in the Constitution of the United States . Some provisions included are freedom of speech , a trial by jury , freedom of worship , habeas corpus , and security against unreasonable search and seizures. Article II describes the rights and requirements involved in voting. All citizens over eighteen are allowed to vote if they have been

7326-528: The population. In 2020, there were 4,110 households, out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 83.2% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.4% were non-families. The average household size was 3.35 and the average family size was 3.33. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

7425-432: The power and fiscal capacity to provide an array of local government services. Such services generally include law enforcement and public safety, social and health services (such as Medicaid ), and education (special needs and community colleges). Every county outside of New York City has a county seat , which is the location of county government. Nineteen counties operate under county charters, while 38 operate under

7524-480: The power of a board of supervisors , composed of the supervisors of its constituent towns and cities. In most of these counties, each supervisor's vote is weighted in accordance with the town's population in order to abide by the U.S. Supreme Court mandate of " one person, one vote ". Other counties have legislative districts of equal population, which may cross municipal borders; these counties may also have an elected County Executive. Most counties in New York do not use

7623-491: The power of the state to deal with emergencies arising from any cause". Article IV states that executive branch powers are vested in the governor and lieutenant governor, who are elected jointly to serve four-year terms. The governor can veto legislative bills, is the commander-in-chief of the state's military, can convene the legislature "on extraordinary occasions", and has the power to grant pardons for all offenses except treason and impeachment. The order of succession has

7722-493: The power to enact local laws as needed in order to provide services to their citizens and fulfill their various obligations. The county is the primary administrative division of New York. There are sixty-two counties in the state. Five of the counties are boroughs of the City of New York and do not have functioning county governments. While originally created as subdivisions of the state meant to carry out state functions, counties are now considered municipal corporations with

7821-488: The proposals from the seventh Constitutional Convention of 1915 were grouped into five questions, all of which were rejected by the people. However, all was not lost. In 1925, a revised Article 5, containing many proposals from the Fifth Convention of 1915, was submitted to the people/voters and accepted in a referendum/election. In 1927, the budget proposal from the Fifth Convention was also accepted. Originally,

7920-527: The purposes of municipal representation. Each ward elects one member to the city's legislative body, and the wards are redistricted roughly every ten years. These divisions can go by other names by city; in Buffalo they are known as districts . These divisions can either be numbered or named. New York City was divided into wards at various times in its history between 1683 and 1938, although they were gradually replaced by Assembly and Senate districts starting in

8019-749: The roadside boundaries of hamlets, as decided by the sign provider. Many towns have special zoning or planning districts and planning strategies for their hamlets, and many places welcome signs at the gateways to the hamlets. Some hamlets are former villages that have dissolved their incorporation ( Old Forge in Herkimer County ; Rosendale , in Ulster County ; and Andes in Delaware County , for example). Notwithstanding hamlets are not cities or towns, many of them are called out in formal addresses for those residents residing within

8118-450: The same legal powers as were once available only to suburban towns. Even so, towns of different classifications continue to have organizational differences and certain conditions that must be met before a town's classification changes. The town board serves as the legislative branch. The board is composed of one elected town supervisor (or chief executive officer in suburban towns) and a specific number of elected council persons; towns of

8217-575: The second class generally have two but may have four council persons, whereas towns of the first class generally have four but can have two or six. The supervisor presides over the board, voting on all matters but not possessing veto or tie-breaking power. Certain towns operate under a town manager form of government, creating an executive branch in the town government, as permitted by legislation enacted in 1976. As such, some supervisors have additional authority or executive powers, whereas some towns have town managers or chief executive officers who serve as

8316-456: The state has more than 3,400 active local governments and more than 4,200 taxing jurisdictions. Counties and incorporated municipal governments (also known as "general purpose units of local government"; i.e., cities, towns and villages) in the State of New York have been granted broad home rule powers enabling them to provide services to their residents and to regulate the quality of life within their jurisdictions. They do so while adhering to

8415-404: The state is part of a city or town, which is part of one county. The exceptions are the city of Geneva ; New York City ; and ten Indian reservations . As of 2009 , New York has 62 counties (including New York City's five boroughs ), which are subdivided into 933 towns and 61 cities (including Geneva in both Ontario and Seneca counties, but excluding New York City and Sherrill ). In total,

8514-641: The state legislature prior to 1874. Before a revision to the State Constitution in that year, villages were formed by the state legislature through granting of charters. Many villages reincorporated, dumping their charters in favor of the Village Law. The villages that retain their charters are Alexander , Carthage , Catskill , Cooperstown , Deposit , Fredonia , Ilion , Mohawk , Ossining , Owego , Port Chester , and Waterford . These villages must still comply with those aspects of Village Law that are not inconsistent with their charters. To be incorporated,

8613-580: The state use the term hamlet to refer to a community within a town that is not incorporated as a village but is identified by a name, i.e. an unincorporated community . A hamlet often has a name corresponding to the name of a local school district , post office , or fire district. Because a hamlet has no government of its own, it depends upon the town or towns that contain it for municipal services and government. Because they do not have governments, hamlets have no clear boundaries . Suffolk County publishes maps that give hamlet boundaries, but towns within

8712-423: The state's 932 towns used this system. In towns operating under the ward system, citizens vote for councilmen who represent a specific area (ward) of the town, as opposed to the at-large councilmen elected in the majority of the state's towns. Towns vary in size and population. The largest town by area is Brookhaven ( Suffolk County ), which covers 531.5 sq mi (1,377 km ), but more than half of that

8811-478: The state. Each of the five boroughs of the city is coextensive with a county of the state of New York. Under New York State's General Municipal Law , a borough results when the towns, villages and cities in a county merge with the county itself. This occurred in 1898 when New York City merged with surrounding counties, cities and towns to form its present configuration. The five boroughs are: The boroughs were originally intended to retain some local governance in

8910-508: The submission of a proper petition to the board. The village board must produce a "dissolution plan" that settles specific matters, such as the village's debts, its employees and property, and the financial impact dissolution would have on village and non-village town residents. This plan is voted upon by village voters only. About 15% of villages cross other municipal boundaries. More than 70 villages are located in two or more towns. Seven villages are in two counties. The village of Saranac Lake

9009-405: The term "Board of Supervisors." 34 counties have a County Legislature, six counties have a Board of Legislators, and one county has a Board of Representatives. The five counties, or boroughs, of New York City are governed by a 51-member City Council. In non-charter counties, the legislative body exercises executive power as well. Although the legislature can delegate certain functions and duties to

9108-503: The town of Palm Tree in Orange County was incorporated in 2019 and is coterminous with the village of Kiryas Joel , having acquired land from the town of Monroe . When such an entity is formed, officials from either unit of government may serve in both village and town governments simultaneously. A referendum is held to decide whether residents prefer a village-style or town-style government, which will then function primarily as

9207-419: The town or towns in which they are located. Village residents pay both town and village taxes, and vote in town and village elections. Those services not provided by the village are provided by the town or towns containing the village. As of the 2000 census, 9.9% of the state's population was living in one of the 556 villages in New York. The legislature of a village is the board of trustees, composed of

9306-557: The various units of government that provide local services in the American state of New York . The state is divided into boroughs , counties, cities, towns, and villages. (The only boroughs, the five boroughs of New York City, have the same boundaries as their respective counties.) They are municipal corporations , chartered (created) by the New York State Legislature , as under the New York State Constitution

9405-494: Was 42.7 years. 49.4% of the population is female, and 50.6% of the population is male. The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 134,439, and the median income for a family was $ 143,611. Males had a median income of $ 66,799 versus $ 44,012 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 53,533. About 2.4% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 2.8% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over. Two limited-access highways,

9504-478: Was a combination document, containing its own "Declaration of Independence" from Great Britain , and its Constitutional Law . It called for a weak bicameral legislature (Assembly and State Senate) and a strong executive branch with a governor . It retained provisions from the Colonial Charter such as the substantial property qualification for voting and the ability of the Governor to prorogue (dismiss)

9603-558: Was fixed at one hundred senators and three hundred members of assembly. The increase in membership had apparently been more rapid than was at first anticipated. At that time the Senate had increased to forty-three members, and the Assembly to one hundred and twenty-six members. The election of the delegates took place in August; the Convention met on the second Tuesday in October at Albany. It ended two weeks later on October 27, 1801. Among

9702-1356: Was submitted for ratification at the New York state election, 1894 , in three parts: the new legislative apportionment; the proposed canal improvements; and 31 miscellaneous amendments to the Constitution; which were all adopted by the voters. Among the delegates were: Joseph H. Choate , President; Thomas G. Alvord , First Vice President; William H. Steele , Second Vice President; Elihu Root ; Edward Lauterbach ; Jesse Johnson ; Frederick William Holls ; Michael H. Hirschberg ; John T. McDonough ; John M. Francis ; Commodore P. Vedder ; John I. Gilbert ; Augustus Frank ; Daniel H. McMillan ; Frederic Storm ; John G. Schumaker ; John B. Meyenborg ; Almet F. Jenks ; Charles B. Morton ; William D. Veeder ; John Cooney ; Thomas W. Fitzgerald ; Wright Holcomb , De Lancey Nicoll ; John Bigelow ; Frank T. Fitzgerald ; Leonard A. Giegerich ; Joseph Koch ; Gideon J. Tucker ; M. Warley Platzek ; Jacob Marks ; Andrew H. Green ; Joseph I. Green ; Stephen S. Blake ; William Church Osborn ; Willard H. Mase ; Roswell A. Parmenter ; A. Bleecker Banks ; Abram B. Steele ; Chester B. McLaughlin ; Elon R. Brown ; Henry J. Cookinham ; John C. Davies ; Louis Marshall ; Milo M. Acker ; Merton E. Lewis ; I. Sam Johnson ; Henry W. Hill ; George Allen Davis ; and Charles J. Kurth . Major changes: Under

9801-786: Was the Duke of York , the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland and younger brother of the then- King of England , Charles II . Its Colonial Charter was under authority from the Monarch , (the King or Queen of Great Britain ) of the Kingdom of England and later of Great Britain , after the Act of Union of 1707 which united England and Wales and the formerly independent kingdom of Scotland The First Constitution of 1777, which replaced this Colonial Charter with its royal authority, for

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