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78-1001: The school's mascot is the Panther. They participate in the Missouri Valley Conference for all sports except football and wrestling, in which they are a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference (formerly the Gateway Football Conference) and the Big Twelve Conference . Northern Iowa previously competed in the Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (now known as the American Rivers Conference ), North Central Conference , and

156-535: A New Year's Six bowl game and have been granted exemptions from certain NCAA rules. The Big 12 is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization . Brett Yormark became the commissioner on August 1, 2022. The Big 12 was founded in February 1994. All eight members of the former Big Eight Conference joined with half the members of the former Southwest Conference ( Texas , Texas A&M , Baylor and Texas Tech ) to form

234-474: A " flagrant foul " in the NBA and NCAA men's basketball. This foul is charged against the player (who, depending on the severity of the offense, can even be ejected), and the opponent gets two free throws and possession of the ball afterward. Unlike technical fouls, the player fouled must shoot the awarded free throws. Fouls "away from the ball" (fouls that do not occur on the shooter or near the ball) are handled like

312-466: A "three to make two" situation (up to three attempts to make two free throws) if the violating team was over the team foul limit. By 1979, the rule had been extended to the penalty situation for flagrant fouls, fouls made in the act of shooting (resulting in a miss), and fouls due to the swinging of the elbows. Prior to the 1981–82 season, this rule and the related "two to make one" rule were abolished. In 1956, in response to reports that Wilt Chamberlain

390-503: A "throw-in foul". This category only applies in the last 2 minutes of any period (quarter or overtime). Any personal foul by the defense on an offensive player while the ball is out of bounds and either in the hands of the referee or at the disposal of the player taking the throw-in results in 1 free throw and possession. 3x3 , FIBA's version of the half-court three-on-three game, has its own unique free-throw rules. Free throws are organized in procession. The shooter takes his place behind

468-864: A best-in-class team to build a best-in-class business strategy for the Conference". November 14, 2022 Big 12 formed a comprehensive business advisor board composed of over three dozen entrepreneurial icons and respective industry leaders. From the likes of Monte Lipman the Founder/CEO Republic Records , Steve Stoute Founder/CEO UnitedMasters & Translation, Mark Shapiro President of Endeavor, Gary Vaynerchuk ’s VaynerMedia, singer Garth Brooks , NBA legend Jason Kidd , Keith Sheldon President of Entertainment for Hard Rock Cafe International, and Ross Levinsohn Chairman and CEO - The Arena Group & Sports Illustrated . The Big 12 partnered with creative agency Translation to help build

546-626: A buyout agreement that allowed those schools to join the Big 12 in 2023. On February 9, 2023, Oklahoma and Texas announced they had reached a settlement with the conference that allowed them to join the SEC on July 1, 2024. On July 27, 2023, Colorado , a former member of the Big 12, announced it would rejoin the conference from the Pac-12 beginning in the 2024–25 academic year. The following week, Arizona , Arizona State , and Utah announced they would leave

624-554: A close game. While this allows the leading team to shoot free throws and increase their lead, it also stops the clock, similar to a time out in football (in basketball, a time out may only be called by a team with possession of the ball). Additionally, it allows the trailing team the chance to take possession if the second free throw is missed, and if it is made awards possession outright to the trailing team. Therefore, many teams substitute players with high free-throw percentages when they are leading late in games to combat this strategy. It

702-708: A conference version of the NFL combine , the Pro Day would be televised on NFL Network . In March, the Big 12 Conference announced a partnership with the legendary Rucker Park for a community engagement event. In June the event was officially announced as "Big 12 Hoops in the Park", to host men's and women's summer exhibition games. Throughout the event, the Big 12 is also preparing a number of entertainment activities and community engagements. The activities include youth clinics, meet-and-greets, live music, and food. Early June 2023,

780-400: A few steps (1–2 feet) back from the line to shoot from a farther distance. Many players perform a "ritual" before shooting free throws; this can range from bouncing the ball off the floor or touching their shoes to more unusual and iconic rituals, such as Gilbert Arenas wrapping the ball around his waist 3 times or Jeff Hornacek touching his face once for each of his children. Once prepared,

858-456: A fight) before taking their free throws. If a player, coach, or team staff (e.g., doctor, statistician) shows poor sportsmanship, which may include arguing with a referee , or commits a technical violation (delay of game, excessive time outs, or when a team has no eligible players remaining after a player has fouled out or subsequently the last player to foul out must re-enter the game, the latter two are NBA rules) that person may get charged with

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936-457: A leading team four times more likely to win the game than allowing the trailing team to attempt a three-pointer. To shoot a free throw, a player must position their body with both feet fully behind the free throw line. Players will either position both feet square to the line or will have one foot forward in a split stance. While standing as close to the line as possible is typically advantageous, players like Nick Van Exel have been known to take

1014-575: A more contemporary audience and brand. Soon after Big 12 Conference made a deal with A Bathing Ape (BAPE) for Championship games. The Conference and BAPE worked together to create limited-edition clothing and a camouflaged Big 12 logo throughout the stadium, arena, and uniforms. The Big 12 has 11 official corporate partners: Allstate , Children’s Health , Dr Pepper , Gatorade , Grand Caliber, Old Trapper, On Location, Phillips 66 , Sonic Hard Seltzer , Sprouts Farmers Market , and Tickets For Less. There are dozens of other companies engaged as sponsors of

1092-484: A more serious foul called a technical foul . In the NBA and in FIBA, a technical foul results in one free-throw attempt for the other team. Under NCAA rules, technical fouls are divided into "Class A" (violent or serious unsportsmanlike conduct) and "Class B" (less egregious violations such as hanging on the rim or delay of game). Class A technicals result in two free throws, and Class B technicals result in one. At all levels,

1170-463: A season football pass. The winning name "Purple Panthers" was submitted by Burl Berry, a center on the football team. In the 1977 AIAW Women's College World Series , the Panther softball team defeated Arizona, 7–0, in the deciding final game, led by pitcher Pat Stockman to earn the university's first team national championship. The softball team has appeared in four Women's College World Series, in 1973, 1975, 1976 and 1977. In 1982, then competing at

1248-431: A season, while notoriously poor shooters (e.g. Dwight Howard , DeAndre Jordan , Wilt Chamberlain , Andre Drummond , Andris Biedrins , Chris Dudley , Ben Wallace , Shaquille O'Neal , Ben Simmons , and Dennis Rodman ) may struggle to make 50% of them. During a foul shot, a player's feet must both be completely behind the foul line. There are many situations when free throws can be awarded. The first and most common

1326-580: A separate table below). Men's (and Coed – see Rifle) varsity sports not sponsored by the Big 12 Conference which are played by Big 12 universities: Below are the women's sports sponsored by each member institution. The only women's sports with full participation by the entire conference are basketball, cross country, soccer, tennis, indoor track and outdoor track. Oklahoma State is the only member that does not sponsor volleyball, and only Utah and West Virginia do not sponsor golf. Beach volleyball (4 full members) and equestrian (3 full members, 1 affiliate) have

1404-435: A strategy where a team intentionally fouls this player, hoping that he will miss one or both shots and the defending team will re-gain possession of the ball. This strategy was dubbed Hack-a-Shaq when famously used on Shaquille O'Neal. Dwight Howard, DeAndre Jordan and Andre Drummond have been subjected to this strategy as well, as have other players . It can be advantageous for a trailing team to intentionally foul late in

1482-682: A team commits a requisite number of fouls, each subsequent foul results in free throws regardless of the type of foul committed). Also, depending on the situation, a player may be awarded between one and three free throws. Each successful free throw is worth one point. In the NBA , most players make 70–80% of their attempts. The league's best shooters (such as Mark Price , Steve Nash , Steve Kerr , Rick Barry , Larry Bird , Ray Allen , José Calderón , Stephen Curry , Reggie Miller , Kevin Durant , and Dirk Nowitzki ) can make roughly 90% of their attempts over

1560-748: Is a member of the Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for all sports. Its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS; formerly Division I-A), the higher of two levels of NCAA Division I football competition. The Big 12 is one of the Power Four conferences , the four highest-earning and most historically successful FBS football conferences. Power Four conferences are guaranteed at least one bid to

1638-752: Is in Manhattan, Kansas , which is part of the Topeka, Kansas media market, but it is close to the Wichita market, which encompasses two-thirds of the state (stretching to the border with Colorado ), including the cities of Dodge City , Garden City , Hutchinson and Salina . While the University of Kansas is in Lawrence, Kansas , it has close proximity to the Kansas City television market, increasing

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1716-425: Is seen as a last resort strategy with little chance of success, but if it is not employed the leading team may run out the clock and end the game. A defensive team leading by three may foul an offensive team intentionally late in the game, if the game clock is no greater than a couple of seconds. In such circumstances, the opposing team would most likely not have enough time for multiple possessions. Down three points,

1794-440: Is when a player is fouled while in the act of shooting. If the player misses the shot during the foul, the player receives either two or three free throws depending on whether the shot was taken in front of or behind the three-point line. If, despite the foul, the player still makes the attempted shot, the number of free throws is reduced to one, and the basket counts. This is known as a three-point or four-point play , depending on

1872-712: The Big Eight Conference Timeline which predates the Big 12 timeline for founding members: Click here for the Southwest Conference Timeline which predates the Big 12 timeline for founding members: Current members with the longest continuous association with the Big Eight Conference / Southwest Conference / Big 12 Conference. The Big 12 Conference sponsors championship competition in 10 men's and 15 women's NCAA sanctioned sports. Source : Below are

1950-425: The " Hack-a-Shaq ". It is believed that this rule was instituted because of Wilt Chamberlain . Previously, teams had been allowed to foul any player on the court regardless of whether that player had possession of the ball, with only two free throws awarded to the fouled player. This motivated teams to chase poor free-throw shooters, such as Chamberlain, around the court in an attempt to foul him in an effort to extend

2028-651: The "Big 12 Mexico" was announced, which will include men's and women's soccer, baseball, basketball, and football games and an international media rights strategy. The Big 12 Mexico will debut in December 2024 with men's and women's basketball games between Kansas and Houston at the Arena CDMX in Mexico City . The Big 12 will also consider hosting a football bowl game in Monterrey beginning in 2026. This would be

2106-472: The 14 presidents and chancellors of SEC member universities voted unanimously to invite Oklahoma and Texas to join the SEC. The following day, the Texas Board of Regents and Oklahoma Board of Regents each accepted the invitation to join the SEC from July 1, 2025. On September 10, 2021, the Big 12 announced that invitations had been extended to and accepted by BYU (a football independent and member of

2184-486: The Big 12 and not its new conference". GOR is seen by league members as a "foundation of stability" and allowed the Big 12 to be "positioned with one of the best media rights arrangements in collegiate sports, providing the conference and its members unprecedented revenue growth, and sports programming over two networks." All members agreed to the GOR and later agreed to extend the initial 6-year deal to 13 years to correspond to

2262-409: The Big 12. The unique arrangement potentially allows Big 12 members to remain some of college sports' highest revenue earners. Other conferences' cable deals are subject to value reductions based on how people acquire cable programming; Big 12 universities' tier 3 deals are exempt. Texas alone earned more than $ 150 million of that total from their Longhorn Network before it was shut down with its move to

2340-671: The College Eye announced that Paul Bender, acting head of the Department of Physical Education for Men; George Holmes, professor of journalism; Robert Burley, president of the Student Council; and the sports editor of the College Eye would judge entries. The winner would receive a leather briefcase from the Berg Drug Company. Second place would be a dresser alarm clock from Chase Jewelry Store. Third place would be

2418-691: The Division II level, the softball team won a second AIAW national title . The University of Northern Iowa Wrestling team, founded in 1923, won the NCAA (Single division) national championship in 1950 and the NCAA Division II national championships in 1975 and 1978. They competed in the Western Wrestling Conference until 2012, when UNI became an associate member of the Mid-American Conference since

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2496-455: The Hawkeyes, Minnesota as Gophers, Chicago as Maroons, and so forth. Why not give Iowa State Teachers College a name which signifies something characteristic about the school besides the fact that it is a teachers college?" The article goes on to note that entries would be judged by a member of the Department of Physical Education, other faculty, and students. When the contest was announced,

2574-554: The Iowa State Teachers College had already been participating in intercollegiate athletics on a regular and organized basis for over thirty-five years. Teachers College teams had participated in contests with other Iowa colleges, and occasionally with teams from outside the state, in baseball, football, basketball, and track and field. Until the end of World War I, students certainly did get excited about these contests, but they probably took just as much pleasure in

2652-592: The MVC is a non-wrestling conference. The Panthers continued to compete in the MAC through the 2016–17 season, after which they moved to the Big 12. Doug Schwab is the current head coach for the Northern Iowa Wrestling Team. Mission Statement - To communicate with UNI wrestling fans to support, encourage, promote a successful UNI wrestling tradition. In the 2013–2014 season, head coach Doug Schwab led

2730-541: The Mid-Continent Conference (now known as the Summit League ). On September 8, 1931, the following appeal appeared in the student newspaper, the College Eye, under the headline "Contest Started for School Name": "Who wants to be called Tutors, Pedagogues, and Teachers all the time? Every leading school in the country has some name by which they are known in the realm of sport. Iowa is known as

2808-756: The NCAA Division 1 career record. Drake UNI's men's baseball program was discontinued after the 2008–2009 season. In 1961, the Panthers led by future Baltimore RP Eddie Watt qualified for the NCAA Division 1 Baseball Tournament losing in the District 5 Final to eventual CWS Runner-Up Oklahoma State in Stillwater. The Panthers also qualified for the NCAA Tournament in 1958 and 2001. Other MLB players who attended UNI include Duane Josephson ,

2886-602: The Pac-12 for the Big 12, also effective for the 2024–25 academic year. The largest media markets represented by the Big 12 are, ranked nationally: Although West Virginia University is based out of Morgantown, West Virginia (officially part of the Pittsburgh (26th) media market), the TV market encompasses the majority of West Virginia's TV viewership and also reaches well into Western Pennsylvania . Kansas State University

2964-436: The Panthers to a perfect 13–0 season in dual meets, the only division one wrestling team to go undefeated. Northern Iowa Panther Wrestling Accomplishments: Notable wrestlers: Jacqui Kalin helped lead the women's basketball team to consecutive NCAA Tournament berths, as the team won back-to-back MVC Tournament titles. In her freshman year in 2007–08, she led the MVC with an .899 free throw percentage (a school record), and

3042-533: The SEC, ESPN also ran a dedicated cable network for the Texas Longhorns known as Longhorn Network , as a joint venture between the university and Learfield . The Big 12 has a sponsorship rights partnership with Learfield IMG College . The Big 12 announced on September 9, 2022, that it appointed WME Sports and IMG Media , Endeavor companies, to facilitate its global content and commercial strategy. Commissioner Brett Yormark stated "We have aligned with

3120-401: The SEC. As of 2022, all of the Big 12's tier 3 rights are held by ESPN; it bought the tier 3 rights to most Big 12 teams (besides Oklahoma) in 2019, moving the events exclusively to ESPN+ . The Oklahoma Sooners retained an agreement with Bally Sports Oklahoma (which distributed its football game via pay-per-view ) until 2022, when it also sold its rights to ESPN+. Prior to its departure to

3198-605: The Texas Tech vs. Kansas State football game being the first-ever sports event staged by the conference. From its formation until 2011, its 12 members competed in two divisions in most sports. The two Oklahoma universities and the four Texas universities formed the South Division, while the other six universities of the former Big Eight formed the North Division. Between 2011 and 2012 four charter members left

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3276-473: The ball, are violations. In addition, the shooter must release the ball within five seconds (ten seconds in the United States) and must not step on or over the free-throw line until the ball touches the hoop. Players are, however, permitted to jump while attempting the free throw, provided they do not leave the designated area at any point. A violation by the shooter cancels the free throw; a violation by

3354-400: The ball. It is therefore common for a losing team to deliberately single out its opponent's poor free-throw shooters, regardless of their dominance in other aspects of the game (as in the cases of Ben Wallace and Shaquille O'Neal ), as the targets of deliberate fouls until the two-minute mark, after which the losing team plays intense defense for the rest of the game; this strategy is known as

3432-439: The base into western Missouri . * Arizona State University * University of Utah Member universities granted their first and second tier sports media rights to the conference for the length of their current TV deals. The Grant of Rights (GOR) deal with the leagues' TV contracts ensures that "if a Big 12 school leaves for another league in the next 13 years, that school's media rights, including revenue, would remain with

3510-441: The conference, with play beginning in 1996. Arizona , Arizona State , Colorado , and Utah joined the conference on August 2, 2024, as part of a more extensive NCAA conference realignment . Full members   Other Conference   Other Conference   Affiliate member (other sport) Founding members from Big 8 Conference   Founding members from Southwest Conference   Click here for

3588-564: The conference. On March 15, 2023, before the NFL Draft , the Big 12 announced the first of its kind across all college conferences , being a conference-wide Pro Day . Instead of schools hosting separate pro days for their football players, there will be only one conference-wide scouting event before the 2024 NFL draft. The event will be held at the Dallas Cowboys training complex, Ford Center at The Star . What essentially would be

3666-507: The conference: In 2012, two universities joined the conference: On July 26, 2021, Oklahoma and Texas notified the Big 12 Conference that the two universities did not wish to extend their grant of television rights beyond the 2024–25 athletic year. On July 27, 2021, Oklahoma and Texas sent a joint letter to the Southeastern Conference requesting an invitation for membership beginning July 1, 2025. On July 29, 2021,

3744-426: The defensive team results in a substitute free throw if the shooter missed; a violation by the offensive team or a shot that completely misses the hoop results in the loss of possession to the defensive team (only if it is on the last free throw). Under FIBA rules, if the shooter does not commit a violation, and the ball goes in the basket, the attempt is successful, regardless of violations committed by any member of

3822-601: The distribution was 76 percent equal and 24 percent based on television appearances. Changing the arrangement requires a unanimous vote; as a Big 12 member, Nebraska and Texas A&M had withheld support for more equitable revenue distribution. With this model, larger universities can receive more revenue because they appear more often on television. In 2006, for example, Texas received $ 10.2 million, 44% more than Baylor University's $ 7.1 million. Free throw percentage In basketball , free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points by shooting from behind

3900-533: The first Panther named All-American and who led the nation in HR's. Big Twelve Conference The Big 12 Conference is a college athletic conference headquartered in Irving, Texas . It consists of 16 full-member universities (3 private universities and 13 public universities) in the states of Arizona , Colorado , Florida , Iowa , Kansas , Ohio , Oklahoma , Texas , Utah , and West Virginia . The Big 12

3978-549: The first-ever bowl game in Mexico. Conference revenue comes mostly from television contracts, bowl games , the NCAA , merchandise, licensing and conference-hosted sporting events. The Conference distributes revenue annually to member institutions. From 1996 to 2011, 57 percent of revenue was allotted equally; while 43 percent was based upon the number of football and men's basketball television appearances and other factors. In 2011,

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4056-514: The former Big Eight Conference joined with half the members of the former Southwest Conference ( Texas , Texas A&M , Baylor and Texas Tech ) to form the conference, with play beginning in 1996. The Big 12 does not claim the Big Eight's history as its own, even though it was essentially the Big Eight plus four of the Texas universities. The Big 12 began athletic play in fall 1996, with

4134-411: The fourth period on, as all overtimes are extensions of it for purposes of accrued team fouls. In NCAA men's basketball, beginning with the seventh foul of the half, one free throw is awarded; if the player makes the free throw, another is given. This is called shooting a "one-and-one". Starting with the tenth foul of the half, two free throws are awarded. In addition, overtime is considered an extension of

4212-451: The free-throw line (5.8 m (19 ft) from the base line, 4.6 m (15 ft) from the front of the basket). All the other players must stand in their correct places until the ball leaves the shooter's hands: up to four people in the NCAA rules and three people in the FIBA rules from the defensive team and two people from the shooting team line up along the sides of the restricted area (keyhole, paint, lane). These players are usually

4290-424: The free-throw line (informally known as the foul line or the charity stripe), a line situated at the end of the restricted area . Free throws are generally awarded after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team, analogous to penalty shots in other team sports. Free throws are also awarded in other situations, including technical fouls , and when the fouling team has entered the bonus/penalty situation (after

4368-419: The game at the time of the foul to shoot free throws in the place of the injured player; in the NBA, the opposing team designates the player to shoot, and the injured player cannot return unless the foul committed was a flagrant-2 , in which case the player's own team also gets to pick the replacement shooter. The opposing team chooses a replacement shooter if the player fouled is ejected (such as participating in

4446-480: The game. To discourage this practice, the NBA changed the rule to award one free throw and possession of the ball to a player who has fouled away from the ball in the last two minutes of the fourth quarter. This rule does not apply in international or NCAA play and in fact, plays a very vital strategic role in the NCAA Tournament. Effective in October 2022, FIBA established a new category of personal foul that it calls

4524-773: The length of their TV contracts. Prior to this agreement, the Big Ten and Pac-12 also had similar GOR agreements. The Big 12 subsequently assisted the ACC in drafting its GOR agreement. Three of the four major conferences now have such agreements, with the SEC the only exception. The Big 12 is the only major conference that allows members to monetize TV rights for tier 3 events in football and men's basketball. This allows individual Big 12 member institutions to create tier 3 deals that include TV rights for one home football game and four home men's basketball games per season. Tier 3 rights exist for other sports as well, but these are not unique to

4602-436: The lowest participation, each with 4 total members. Lacrosse (3 full members, 3 affiliates) and rowing (4 full members, 2 affiliates) follow with 6 total members. The affiliate members are listed in a separate table below. Women's (and co-educational – see Rifle) varsity sports not sponsored by the Big 12 Conference which are played by Big 12 universities: The Big 12 Conference was founded in February 1994. All eight members of

4680-581: The men's sports sponsored by each member institution. The only men's sports with full participation by the entire conference are basketball, football, and golf. Swimming and diving has the lowest participation with only seven universities fielding a team. The Big 12 fields 14 teams for wrestling. Before the conference's 2023 expansion, it had the most competing schools of any Big 12 sport, with 13 members at that time. The 2022–23 and 2024–25 wrestling lineups both included only 4 full conference members; all remaining wrestling schools were affiliate members (listed in

4758-679: The non-football West Coast Conference ) and three members of the American Athletic Conference in Cincinnati , UCF , and Houston . These moves, combined with the impending departure of Oklahoma and Texas, would once again increase the Big 12's membership to twelve schools. All four schools began competing in Big 12 athletics beginning in summer of 2023. BYU had initially announced that it would join in 2023, and Houston indicated it could do so as well. On June 10, 2022, The American and its three departing members announced

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4836-452: The non-shooting team. Penalty applies to fouls in excess of four in a regulation period or in excess of three in an overtime period. If a team has not committed its foul quota by the two minute mark of a period, it shall be allowed one foul before the penalty applies. Offensive fouls do not count toward this total. Defensive fouls committed during an inbounds pass prior to the ball being released result in two free throws regardless of

4914-412: The ones that rebound the ball. Three line up on each side. A defensive player always takes the place closest to the basket. The remaining players must remain behind the three-point line and the "free-throw line extended" (an imaginary line extended from the free-throw line in both directions to the sidelines). Leaving their designated places before the ball leaves the shooter's hands, or interfering with

4992-499: The opposing team may choose any player who is currently on the court to shoot the free throws and is then awarded possession of the ball after the free throws. Since there is no opportunity for a rebound , these free throws are shot with no players on the lane. Finally, if a referee deems a foul extremely aggressive, or that it did not show an attempt to play the ball, the referee can call an even more severe foul, known as an "unsportsmanlike foul" in international and NCAA women's play or

5070-404: The opposing team's obvious strategy would be to attempt a three-pointer to try to send the game into overtime; however, the leading team may attempt to foul the trailing team before a shot is attempted, as this would lead to only two free throws which is not enough to tie the game. If the trailing team is placed into the situation of shooting two free throws, they must attempt to intentionally miss

5148-418: The penalty situation. In the NBA, a team must have five players on the court at all times. If a team is down to five players because of injuries and players with six fouls, and a player commits his sixth foul, he remains in the game and a technical foul is charged. The technical foul penalty of one free throw applies. Before the 1954–55 season, the NBA established the rule that a backcourt foul would result in

5226-552: The player will bend his legs to generate power, extend the ball over his head, and shoot in a form similar to the typical basketball jump shot , although they will not always leave the ground during a free throw. Nearly every adult professional player shoots free throws in this overhand style, despite both theoretical and practical demonstrations that the underhand style (aka "granny-style") usually produces better average results. NBA player and underhand free-throw shooter Rick Barry retired in 1980 while ranked 1st in NBA history at

5304-433: The second case above in most situations. Many times defenders hold their opponent to prevent them from catching an in-bound pass or fight through screens and thus are called for fouls. These fouls are almost always treated as normal personal fouls. In the NBA, when there are only two minutes left on the clock of either half, off-ball fouls when the fouling team is over the limit are rewarded with one free throw and possession of

5382-441: The second free throw in the hopes of securing the offensive rebound (which is harder than normal with free throws, as the defending team is automatically given position) and scoring before the game clock expires – if the first free throw is made, a two-pointer would tie the game, and a three-pointer would win the game; if the first free throw is missed, only a three-pointer would tie the game. Theoretically, adopting this strategy makes

5460-505: The second half for purposes of accumulated team fouls. Free throws are not awarded for offensive fouls (most often charging fouls ), even if the team fouled is in the bonus. The number of fouls that triggers a penalty is higher in college men's basketball because the game is divided into two 20-minute halves, as opposed to quarters of 12 minutes in the NBA or 10 minutes in the WNBA, college women's basketball, or FIBA play (the college women's game

5538-473: The second in the final 2 minutes if the team has less than 5 fouls (4 in OT), the opposing team gets two free throws. The WNBA follows the NBA's rules regarding reset of the team foul count in the final 2 minutes of any period (including overtime). In FIBA and NCAA women's basketball, the fouled player also shoots two free throws starting with the opponent's fifth foul in a period, considering that team fouls accrue from

5616-497: The success of the school's debate and oratorical teams. The school's sole mission, the preparation of teachers, tended to attract many more women than men to the Teachers College. And, consequently, the school did not have an abundance of material from which to draw its athletes in the days when only men participated in intercollegiate athletics. Following the war, however, the college made a distinct effort to attract men to

5694-489: The teaching profession. An important part of this effort was the addition of physical education courses to the curriculum that would help to prepare men for teaching positions that included athletics coaching responsibilities. Improved athletics facilities, including the construction of the West Gymnasium, showed that the school was taking a more serious attitude toward intercollegiate athletics. On September 18, 1931,

5772-462: The time with a 90.0% average of successful free throws. There have been very few professional players who have used this technique since; the vast majority of players decline to use the technique for fear of ridicule or for similar reasons unrelated to performance. Famously bad free throw shooter Shaquille O'Neal once said in an interview, "I told Rick Barry I'd rather shoot 0% than shoot underhand. I'm too cool for that." Professionals who have adopted

5850-438: The value of the made basket. "And-One" is also a popular term for this type of free throw. The second is when the fouling team is in the team bonus (or foul penalty) situation . This happens when, in a single period, a team commits a set number of fouls whether or not in the act of shooting. In FIBA, (W)NBA and NCAA women's play, the limit is four fouls per quarter; in the NBA, starting with the fifth foul (fourth in overtime), or

5928-399: Was able to dunk free throws, the NCAA established a rule requiring that free-throw shooters keep both feet behind the free-throw line during an attempt. The NBA later adopted this rule. As mentioned earlier, some players are notoriously bad free-throw shooters. Historical examples of star players who were poor shooters include Wilt Chamberlain, Ben Wallace, and Shaquille O'Neal. This allows

6006-717: Was named MVC Freshman of the Year. In 2010–11 she was named the Jackie Stiles MVC Player of the Year. In 2012–13 she led the league in scoring (19.5 ppg; a school record), had the fourth-highest season free throw percentage in NCAA Division 1 history-and the highest of any senior (95.5%), and was again named the Jackie Stiles MVC Player of the Year. For her career Kalin was first all-time at UNI in scoring (2,081), 3-point field goals made (265), free throws made (484), and free throw percentage (.920;

6084-425: Was played in 20-minute halves before 2015–16). As in professional play, a foul in the act of shooting is a two- or three-shot foul, depending on the value of the shot attempt, with one free throw being awarded if the shot is good. Free throws are normally taken by the fouled player. If a player is injured upon being fouled and cannot shoot free throws; in college, the opposing team's coach may designate any player in

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