73-661: The National Disaster Response Force ( NDRF ) is an Indian specialised force constituted under the Disaster Management Act, 2005 . The responsibility of managing disasters in India is that of the state governments. The ‘Nodal Ministry’ in the central government for management of natural disasters is the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). When 'calamities of severe nature' occur, the Central Government
146-899: A Public Interest Litigation issued notices to the Governments of Uttarakhand , Tamil Nadu , Odisha , Andhra Pradesh , Gujarat , Rajasthan , Maharashtra and the Central government for alleged failure to implement the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The petitioner alleged that the non-implementation of the Disaster Management Act by the Government of Uttarakhand endangered the lives of citizens. He sought "reasonable ex-gratia assistance on account of loss of life, damage to houses and for restoration of means of livelihood to victims of flash floods in Uttarakhand under
219-640: A NDRF Bn to be stationed in Bihar and offered 65 acres (26 ha) of land at Bihta near Patna . NDRF commendable rescue operations were no less appreciated during the 2008 floods in Odisha, Maharashtra, Kerala and Assam . On 25 May 2009 Cyclone Aila hit West Bengal . At least 94 people were killed, seven of them in Kolkata, over 4 million people were affected. More than six lakh houses were destroyed completely or damaged partially. NDRF promptly responded to
292-570: A frustrated wife of old hermit Richeek wandering in the Himalayas . Kosi is also invoked as the mother – 'Kosi Ma'. These images capture the contradiction that is inherent in the Kosi River as a source of life and death, prosperity and destruction; a mother and an enchanting virgin. It is also the lifeline of the Mithila region, today spread over more than half of India's state of Bihar. It is
365-474: A national calamity. The Indian Army, National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and non-government organizations operated the biggest flood rescue operation in India in more than 50 years. The National Flood Control Policy in 1954 (following the disastrous floods of 1954 in a large part of the Kosi river basin) planned to control floods through a series of dams, embankments and river training works. The Kosi project
438-400: A silt trap. The governments of India and Nepal agreed to conduct joint investigations and other studies for the preparation of a detailed project report of Sapta Koshi High Dam Multipurpose Project and Sun Koshi Storage-cum-Diversion Scheme to meet the objectives of both countries for development of hydropower, irrigation, flood control and management and navigation. As currently outlined,
511-485: A syllabus for these training courses. The proposition behind a unified, structured, uniform course module and syllabus is that first the entire NDRF battalions will successfully attain these courses and subsequently the State Disaster Response Forces (SDRF) and other stakeholders will be trained on the same lines. The need for a uniformly structured course module emerged from the fact that if all
584-562: A technical committee, headed by a retired engineer-in-chief of the water resource department to supervise the restoration work and close the breach in the East Kosi afflux embankment. Indian authorities worked to prevent widening of the breach, and channels were to be dug to direct the water back to the main river bed. The fury of the Kosi River left at least 2.5 million people marooned in eight districts and inundated 400 sq mi (1,000 km ). The prime Minister of India declared it
657-538: Is a three-star officer. The NDRF is led by a Director General and also has several Inspector Generals (IG) and Deputy IGs, who are flag officers and wear badges of rank. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is a force of 16 battalions , organised on para-military lines, and manned by persons on deputation from the para-military forces of India: three Border Security Force , three Central Reserve Police Force , two Central Industrial Security Force , two Indo-Tibetan Border Police , two Sashastra Seema Bal and one of
730-606: Is assessed as 10,860 MW (includes the Sapta Koshi Multipurpose Project [3300MW] mentioned above). Commercial river rafting, also known as whitewater rafting , and canyoning is available on the Sun Koshi river and tributaries. Sun Koshi has challenging rapid grades of class 4–5. Mahseer is widely distributed in Himalayan rivers up to 1,650 m (5,410 ft) altitude and also inhabits
803-639: Is composed of Secretary level officers of the Government of India in the Ministries of home, agriculture, atomic energy, defence, drinking water supply, environment and forests, finance (expenditure), health, power, rural development, science and technology, space, telecommunication, urban development, and water resources, with the Home secretary serving as the Chairperson, ex officio. The Chief of
SECTION 10
#1732765045767876-609: Is mentioned in the Bal Kand section of Valmiki Ramayana as the Kausiki who is the form assumed by Satyavati after her death. Satyavati was the elder sister of Viswamitra, descendants of Kushak dynasty. In the Markandeya Purana , the Kosi is described as the primal force. Due to the violent nature of the Kosi during monsoon season, legend says that Parvati, the wife of Shiva , after defeating the demon Durg , became known as
949-740: Is responsible for providing aid and assistance to the affected state, including deploying, at the State's request, of Armed Forces, Central Paramilitary Forces, National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), and such communication, air and other assets, as are available and needed. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is under the National Disaster Management Authority . The head of the NDRF is designated as Director General. The Director Generals of NDRF are IPS officers on deputation from Indian police organizations. Director General
1022-442: Is to continuously engage themselves in the community capacity building and public awareness programmes, which includes training of people (the first-responders) and concerned government officials at different levels in the areas with high vulnerability. Along with community capacity building and public awareness exercises, NDRF is also actively engaged in area familiarisation exercises. Such exercises provide first-hand knowledge about
1095-521: The Prime Minister of India as chairperson. The NDMA may have no more than nine members including a Vice-Chairperson. The tenure of the members of the NDMA shall be five years. The NDMA which was initially established on 30 May 2005 by an executive order, was constituted under Section-3(1) of the Disaster Management Act, on 27 September 2006. The NDMA is responsible for "laying down
1168-602: The Act calls for establishing a National Institute of Disaster Management . Section 46-50, mandates the funds for Disaster Mitigation at various levels. The Act provides for civil and criminal liabilities for those who violate the provision of the Act. The implementation of the National Disaster Act, 2005 has been slow, and slack. On 22 July 2013 Indian Supreme Court Justices A K Patnaik and M Y Eqbal in response to
1241-461: The Assam Rifles . The total strength of each battalion is approximately 1149. Each battalion is capable of providing 18 self-contained specialist search and rescue teams of 45 personnel each including engineers, technicians , electricians , dog squads and medical/ paramedics . NDRF battalions are located at 12 different locations in the country based on the vulnerability profile to cut down
1314-872: The Chatra Gorge onwards, the Kosi River is also known as the Saptakoshi ( Nepali : सप्तकोशी , saptakoshī ) for its seven upper tributaries. These include the Tamur River originating from the Kanchenjunga area in the east and Arun River and the Sun Kosi from Tibet. The Sun Koshi's tributaries from east to west are the Dudh Koshi , Likhu Khola , Tamakoshi River , Bhote Koshi and Indravati . The Saptakoshi crosses into northern Bihar , India where it branches into distributaries before joining
1387-764: The Ganges near Kursela in Katihar district . The Kosi is the third-largest tributary of the Ganges by water discharge after the Ghaghara and the Yamuna . The Kosi is 720 km (450 mi) long and drains an area of about 74,500 km (28,800 sq mi) in Tibet, Nepal and Bihar. In the past, several authors proposed that the river has shifted its course by more than 133 km (83 mi) from east to west during
1460-515: The Kosi breach in Bihar in August 2008, which was declared a national calamity by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh , NDRF personnel actively engaged themselves in rescue operations and relief duties in districts Supaul , Madhepura , Araria and Purnia . About 780 NDRF personnel trained in flood rescue operations along with 153 high capacity inflatable boats and other rescue equipment were deployed in
1533-653: The Mahabharat Range approximately 48 km (30 mi) north of the Indo-Nepal border. Below the Siwaliks , the river has built up a megafan some 15,000 km (5,800 sq mi) in extent, breaking into more than 12 distinct channels, all with shifting courses due to flooding. Kamalā and Bāgmati (Kareh) are the major tributaries of Kosi River in India, besides minor tributaries such as Bhutahi Balān. Its unstable nature has been attributed to
SECTION 20
#17327650457671606-519: The NDMA . NDRF personnel are invariably trained in courses like Flood Rescue , Collapsed Structure Search and Rescue , Medical First Responders , Rope rescue , Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Emergencies; Dignified Disposal of Dead Bodies etc. NDRF personnel are trained in prestigious institutes like NISA, DRDO , BARC , CME , Army , Navy and Air Force as well in foreign countries like US, Singapore, China, Finland, Korea , Switzerland etc. While
1679-893: The Tibetan plateau , the Himalayas, the Himalayan mid-hill belt, the Mahabharat Range , the Siwalik Hills and the Terai . The Dudh-Koshi sub-basin alone consists of 36 glaciers and 296 glacier lakes . The Kosi River basin borders the Tsangpo River basin in the north, the Mahananda River basin in the east, the Ganges Basin in the south and the Gandaki River basin in the west. The eight tributaries of
1752-524: The debris . Three rescue teams (102 personnel) of NDRF Bn Pune promptly airlifted to Bellary and NDRF personnel carried out round the clock operation with the help of search & rescue equipment and dogs for nine days. In the operation the NDRF managed to rescue 20 people from under the debris. The last person was rescued on the 9th day. NDRF also retrieved 27 bodies trapped under debris. rescue operations in Kerala(2018) 2020 2021 2023 In
1825-726: The topography , access route to various disaster-prone areas, and the availability of local infrastructure/logistics which can be used in disaster response operations. The force has trained almost 4 million volunteers. A pilot project on community capacity building and public awareness campaigns on floods, earthquakes and other natural disasters was organised by NDRF teams during June–July 2007 in 14 high vulnerable districts ( Araria , Saharsa , Kishanganj , Madhepura , Supaul , Khagaria , Begusarai , Darbhanga , Madhubani , Munger , Patna , Muzaffarpur , Sitamarhi and Samastipur ) of Bihar . In this project, 2200 volunteers and State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) officials were trained by
1898-542: The yellow-billed chough . About 3500 Sherpa people live in villages and seasonal settlements situated along the main tourist trails. Tourism to the region began in the early 1960s. In 2003, about 19,000 tourists arrived in the area. The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is situated in the flood plains of the Saptkoshi River in the eastern Terai . It covers an area of 175 km (68 sq mi) comprising grasslands and khair – sissoo riverine forests . It
1971-541: The 18th century, now flows west of Saharsa . A satellite image shows old channels with a confluence before 1731 with the Mahananda River north of Lava . The Kosi River is known as the "Sorrow of Bihar" as the annual floods affect about 21,000 km (8,100 sq mi) of fertile agricultural lands thereby disturbing the rural economy. It has an average water flow ( discharge ) of 2,166 cubic metres per second (76,500 cu ft/s). On 18 August 2008,
2044-517: The Amendment Bill as it missed out climate, health, artificial intelligence and many other critical aspects that Parliament must amend. Koshi River The Kosi or Koshi is a transboundary river which flows through China , Nepal and India . It drains the northern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet and the southern slopes in Nepal. From a major confluence of tributaries north of
2117-536: The Chief Minister of the State, who is the Chairperson, and no more than eight members appointed by the Chief Minister. State Executive Committee is responsible (Section 22) for drawing up the state disaster management plan, and implementing the National Plan. The SDMA is mandated under section 28 to ensure that all the departments of the State prepare disaster management plans as prescribed by
2190-407: The Disaster Management Act". The act has been criticized for marginalizing Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), elected local representatives, local communities and civic group; and for fostering a hierarchical, bureaucratic, command and control, 'top down', approach that gives the central, state, and district authorities sweeping powers. It is also alleged that the "Act became a law almost at
2263-412: The Indo-Nepal border. It is an irrigation, flood control and hydropower generation project on the Kosi River built under a bilateral agreement between Nepal and India: the entire cost of the project was borne by India. The catchment area of the river is 61,788 km (23,856 sq mi) in Nepal at the barrage site. The highest peaks lie in its catchment. About 10% is snow-fed. The Eastern Canal and
National Disaster Response Force - Misplaced Pages Continue
2336-715: The Integrated Defence Staff of the Chiefs of Staff Committee, is an ex officio member of the NEC. The NEC under section of the Act is responsible for the preparation of the National Disaster Management Plan for the whole country and to ensure that it is "reviewed and updated annually". All State Governments are mandated under Section 14 of the act to establish a State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA). The SDMA consists of
2409-467: The Kosi Barrage), to generate 20 MW. The Western Koshi Canal provides irrigation to 250 square kilometres (62,000 acres) in Nepal. A valuable bridge over the barrage opened up the east–west highway in the eastern sector of Nepal. An inundation canal taking off at Chatra, where the Kosi River debouches into the plains, has been built to irrigate a gross area of 860 km in Nepal. The project
2482-525: The Kosi River and its tributaries. The Kosi was also called Kausika in Rigveda . It is a major tributary of the Ganges. One major tributary of the Kosi is the Arun, much of whose course is in Tibet. This river is mentioned in the epic ' Mahabharata ' as Kausiki. Formerly known as 'Kausiki,' named after the sage Viśvāmitra , who is said to have attained the status of 'Rishi' on the banks of the river. Viśvāmitra
2555-588: The Kosi River picked up an old channel it had abandoned over 100 years previously near the border with Nepal and India. Approximately 2.7 million people were affected as the river broke its embankment at Kusaha in Nepal , submerging several districts of Nepal and India. 95% of the Kosi's water flowed through the new course. The worst affected districts included Supaul , Araria , Saharsa , Madhepura , Purnia , Katihar , parts of Khagaria and northern parts of Bhagalpur , as well as adjoining regions of Nepal. Relief work
2628-480: The NDRF battalions and other ‘first responders’ undergo the same training exercise, the coordination between different stakeholders would be expedient and well planned at the time of any major disaster where different NDRF battalions, SDRF battalions and other stakeholders will be working together in close coordination with each other. After its constitution in 2005, NDRF with its swift and highly skilled rescue operations has emerged as most visible and vibrant force of
2701-559: The NDRF is being trained, re-trained and equipped as a specialist force for level three disasters, it is equally important to ensure capacity building of state police personnel who are invariably the first responders in any natural or man-made disasters . To ensure this, a two-pronged strategy is being suggested to the states: firstly, to train state police personnel in the basics of disaster management and secondly, to train at least one battalion equivalent out of their state armed police units as State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) on lines of
2774-609: The NDRF. In addition to police personnel, the SDRFs may be constituted from existing resources of the Fire Services, Home Guards and Civil Defence. NDRF Bns and their training institutions will assist the States/UTs in this effort. The State/UTs will also be encouraged to set up DM training facilities in their respective Police Training Colleges and include this subject in their basic and in-service courses Training being one of
2847-812: The NDRF. This capacity building programme was continued next year also. In 2008, NDRF embarked in a big way on community capacity building and public awareness programmes in Bihar , which included training of vulnerable people and officials in various districts. NDRF carried out three-day flood preparedness training programmes for a month in 15 vulnerable districts ( Bhagalpur , East Champaran , Vaishali , Munger , Muzaffarpur , Saharsa , Madhepura , Khagaria , Begusarai , Darbhanga , Madhubani, Patna , Sitamarhi , Samastipur and Sheohar ) of Bihar before monsoon season at district/Block levels. More than 15,000 village volunteers, local people, students, State Police, and also Central and State Government personnel participated in
2920-566: The National and State Authorities. The Chairperson of District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) will be the Collector or District Magistrate or Deputy Commissioner of the district. The elected representative of the area is member of the DDMA as an ex officio co-Chairperson, (Section 25). The Section 44–45 of the Act provides for constituting a National Disaster Response Force "for
2993-554: The Western Canal taking off from the barrage, were designed for a discharge capacity of 455 cubic metres per second (16,100 cu ft/s) to irrigate 6,125 square kilometres (1,514,000 acres) and 210 cubic metres per second (7,400 cu ft/s) to irrigate 3,566.1 square kilometres (881,200 acres), respectively. A hydropower plant has been built on the Eastern Canal, at a canal drop (3.6 km (2.2 mi) from
National Disaster Response Force - Misplaced Pages Continue
3066-448: The agency is to use a culture of prevention , mitigation and preparedness to generate a prompt and efficient response at the time of disasters. NDRF has proved its importance in achieving this vision by highly skilled rescue and relief operations, regular and intensive training and re-training, familiarization exercises within the area of responsibility of respective NDRF Battalions, carrying out mock drills and joint exercises with
3139-599: The barrage site to provide water for irrigation both in Nepal and India and navigation through Koshi up to Kursela and also in the reservoir of Sapta Koshi dam. A power canal existing Kosi barrage at Hanuman Nagar is proposed for conveying water for irrigation from the Eastern Chatra Canal and also water that may be required downstream for navigation. To utilize the head available between Chatra and Hanuman Nagar barrages for power generation, three canal power houses, each of 100 MW installed capacity are proposed on
3212-438: The basin include Mount Everest , Kangchenjunga , Lhotse , Makalu , Cho Oyu and Shishapangma . The Bagmati river sub-basin forms the south-western portion of the overall Kosi basin. The Kosi alluvial fan is one of the largest in the world. It shows evidence of lateral channel shifting exceeding 120 km (75 mi) during the past 250 years, via at least twelve major channels. The river, which flowed near Purnea in
3285-762: The basin upstream the Chatra Gorge include from east to west: The three major tributaries meet at Triveni , from where they are called Sapta Koshi meaning Seven Rivers . After flowing through the Chatra Gorge the Sapta Koshi is controlled by the Koshi Barrage before it drains into the Gangetic plain . The reason for such a large, deep gorge is that the river is antecedent to the Himalayas, meaning that it had existed before them and has entrenched itself since they started rising. Peaks located in
3358-796: The country. NDRF Bn Pune put up an exhibition of International standard at TechFest 2010 (the annual International Science and Technology Festival of IIT Mumbai) and organised demonstrations on Heli-Rescue, Collapsed Structure Search & Rescue, High-Rise Building Rescue and Dog Show between 22 and 24 January 2010 aimed at generate awareness among the visitors. TechFest 2010 was inaugurated by Gen N. C. Vij, Honourable vice-chairman, NDMA. This three-day event witnessed more than 70,000 visitors, 15,000 participants, nearly 2000 colleges and approximately 5000 members of Industry and academia. The force has put on numerous other exhibitions and promotional events. Disaster Management Act, 2005 The Disaster Management Act, 2005 , (23 December 2005) No. 53 of 2005,
3431-540: The dam would displace approximately 10,000 people. Envisaged are a 269-meter (883 ft) high concrete or rock-filled dam, a barrage, and two canals. The dam is on the Sapta Koshi River with an underground powerhouse, producing 3,000 MW at 50% load factor. The barrage is planned for the Sapta Koshi about 8 km (5.0 mi) downstream of Sapta Koshi High Dam to re-regulate the diverted water. The Eastern Chhatra Canal and Western Chhatra Canal, off-take from
3504-427: The devastating situation and 600 personnel of NDRF with 84 boats and other rescue equipment started rescue and relief operations at cyclone affected areas of district 24 Pargana North and South of West Bengal . During the operations NDRF personnel rescued around 2000 trapped persons and distributed 50 truckloads of relief materials to the affected people. On 1 October 2009, in the wake of worsening flood situations in
3577-470: The first two parts of the plan were implemented by the Government of India , the Kosi High dam, the linchpin of the whole plan, for various political reasons has yet precluded any action for several years but has since been revived under a fresh agreement, in a modified form for further investigations and studies. Kosi Barrage , also called Bhimnagar Barrage, was built between 1959 and 1963 and straddles
3650-489: The flood affected areas. The swift and highly skilled operations of NDRF saved more than 100,000 people trapped in swirling waters of river Kosi . NDRF personnel distributed relief supplies including drinking water to the stranded flood victims. Medical camps were also established to provide medical care to the flood affected people. Impressed with prompt and efficient response of NDRF, Chief Minister of Bihar Shri Nitish Kumar approached Prime Minister Shri Manmohan Singh for
3723-450: The flood affected districts of both the states. NDRF rescued tens of thousands of persons marooned in the floods in these two states and distributed over 40 quintals of food and drinking water. The medical teams of NDRF administered medical first response and distributed medicines to the flood victims. On 26 January 2010 a five-storey under-construction residential building collapsed at Bellary, Karnataka with about 50 people trapped under
SECTION 50
#17327650457673796-400: The future, the key to efficient disaster response will depend primarily on the effectiveness of the training and re-training of Specialized Disaster Response Forces. With this vision, a detailed "Training Regime for Disaster Response" has been prepared by NDMA /NDRF identifying the specific disaster response training courses and devising a unified, structured and uniform course module as well as
3869-584: The last 200 years. But a review of 28 historical maps dating 1760 to 1960 revealed a slight eastward shift for a long duration, and that the shift was random and oscillating in nature. The river basin is surrounded by ridges which separate the Kosi from the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the north, the Gandaki in the west and the Mahananda in the east. The river is joined by major tributaries in
3942-420: The local population is the actual first responder. It may take some time for the district or state administration to mobilise rescue teams, including police and fire personnel. If the local people is properly sensitised about the precautions and preventive actions to be taken in case of any calamity , the loss of life and damage to property can be drastically reduced. Thus, one of the most important tasks of NDRF
4015-570: The most important attributes for an efficient force, the Government of India has recognised the recommendations of the NDMA for setting up an apex National Institute of Excellence for Search and Rescue at a central place like Nagpur to provide training of trainers and to meet other national and international commitments. Also a network of 10 outreach centres at the respective NDRF Bns locations are proposed to be set up. Awareness and preparedness campaigns are key components of proactive approach on disaster management . In case of any disaster ,
4088-622: The policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management" and to ensure "timely and effective response to disaster". Under section 6 of the Act it is responsible for laying "down guidelines to be followed by the State Authorities in drawing up the State Plans". The Act under Section 8 enjoins the Central Government to Constitute a National Executive Committee (NEC) to assist the National Authority. The NEC
4161-583: The power canal. Extra storage capacity of Sapta Koshi High Dam would be provided to moderate downstream flooding. Chatra Canal System would provide irrigation to large areas in Nepal and India, particularly in Bihar. A Joint Project Office (JPO) has been set up in Nepal for investigation of the project. Nepal has a total estimated potential of 83,290 MW with economically exploitable potential of 42,140 MW. The Kosi River basin contributes 22,350 MW of this potential including 360 MW from small schemes and 18750 MW from major schemes. The economically exploitable potential
4234-578: The power it can build up as it passes through the steep and narrow Chatra Gorge in Nepal. During the monsoon season, It picks up a heavy silt load, which it redeposits at times, causing it to change its channel. This leads to flooding in India with extreme effects. Fishing is an important enterprise on the river but fishing resources are being depleted and youth are leaving for other areas of work. The Kosi River catchment covers six geological and climatic belts varying in altitude from above 8,000 m (26,000 ft) to 95 m (312 ft) comprising
4307-587: The programme. NDRF also conducts regular mock exercises on various disasters like cyclone , flood , earthquake, NBC emergencies, mass casualty management etc. Participation in such exercises on the one hand improve the professionalism of NDRF personnel to tackle the real emergency situations and on the other provides an opportunity to interact with various State Government officials and to develop cordial relations with them that can be of great help during response to actual disasters. As of 31 March 2010, NDRF had trained more than 6.5 lakh community volunteers throughout
4380-498: The purpose of specialist response to a threatening disaster situation or disaster" under a Director General to be appointed by the Central Government. In September 2014 Kashmir-floods NDRF along with the armed forces played a vital role in rescuing the locals and tourists. On January 23, 2022 on the occasion of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose 125th anniversary, National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), 8th battalion awarded for Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar . Section 42 of
4453-477: The response time for their deployment. During the preparedness period fordisaster situations, proactive deployment of these forces is to be carried out by the NDMA in consultation with state authorities. Locations of NDRF Battalions are as follows: The National Disaster Management Authority is tasked with building safer and disaster resilient India by developing a holistic, proactive, multi-disaster and technology driven strategy for disaster management . The goal of
SECTION 60
#17327650457674526-747: The states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka , the governments of both states sent requests for deployment of the force for rescue and relief operations. NDMA mobilised 963 flood rescue trained personnel (including some deep divers) and 308 inflatable motorised boats from 05 NDRF Bns located at Arakkonam ( Chennai ), Pune , Mundali ( Odisha ), Greater Noida and Bhatinda and airlifted on 2–3 Oct 2009 in Air Force IL-76 and AN-32 aircraft from nearest Air Force bases and Civil Airports. The rescue personnel deployed in 04 districts of Andhra Pradesh ( Kurnool , Vijayawada , Mehboob Nagar and Nandyal) and 04 districts of Karnataka (Bagalkote, Raichur, Gadag and Vijaypur) and immediately started rescue and relief operations in
4599-498: The subject of legend and folklore of the region; the legend of Mithila extends over many centuries. Mithila is also the name of a style of Hindu art created in the area. In Nepal two protected areas are located in the Koshi River basin. The Sagarmatha National Park encompasses the upper catchments of the Dudh Koshi River system. The park covers an area of 1,148 km (443 sq mi) and ranges in elevation from 2,845 m (9,334 ft) to 8,848 m (29,029 ft) at
4672-518: The summit of Mount Everest . Established in 1976 the park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. The landscape in the park is rugged consisting of mountain peaks, glaciers , rivers, lakes, forests, alpine scrubs and meadows. The forests comprise stands of oak , blue pine , fir , birch , juniper and rhododendron . The park provides habitat for snow leopards , red pandas , musk deer , Himalayan tahrs , and 208 bird species including impeyan pheasant , bearded vulture , snow cock , and
4745-484: The various stakeholders. NDRF has proved its efficacy with its commendable performance during various disasters including the drowning cases , building collapses , landslides , devastating floods and Cyclones . NDRF has saved 133,192 human lives and retrieved 2760 dead bodies of disaster victims in 73 response operations in the country. Some of the major response operations of NDRF as below: 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2019 During
4818-420: The warrior goddess Durga who transformed into Kaushiki. In Ramayana, the river Ganges is depicted as her elder sister. According to Mahabharata epic, the God of death took the form of a woman and resides on the banks of the river to limit population growth. Kosi resonates with the folklore of Mithila. The most important depictions of Kosi folklore are Kosi as a virgin absolutely care free and full of energy and as
4891-406: The will of the bureaucrats who framed it." Union Minister of State for Home Nityanand Rai on Thursday introduced the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024 in the Lok Sabha on 1st August, 2024 to create disaster database and also look at urban disaster and development. However, Dr Edmond Fernandes , Hon. Director at Edward & Cynthia Institute of Public Health called for strengthening
4964-434: Was a descendant of the sage Kusika. Viśvāmitra is credited with many well-known Vedic Hymns on the Banks of the Kosi where he had his hermitage – The Mandala 3, the Rigveda, and the Gāyatrī Mantra. The Gāyatrī Mantra is a highly revered mantra based on a Vedic Sanskrit verse from a hymn of the Rigveda (3.62.10). The mantra is named for its vedic gāyatrī metre as: The Kosi is associated with many ancient spiritual stories. It
5037-420: Was carried out with Indian Air Force helicopters by dropping relief materials from Purnia in the worst hit districts where nearly two million persons were trapped. The magnitude of deaths or destruction were hard to estimate, as the affected areas were inaccessible. 150 people were reported washed away in a single incident. Another news item stated that 42 people had died. The Government of Bihar convened
5110-494: Was established in 1976 and was declared a Ramsar site in 1987. The reserve provides habitat for hog deer , spotted deer , wild boar , blue bull , gaur , smooth-coated otter , jackal , 485 bird species including 114 water bird species, 200 fish species, 24 reptile and 11 amphibian species. The last surviving population of wild water buffalo in Nepal is found in the reserve, as well as Gangetic dolphin , swamp francolin and rufous-vented prinia . A small population of
5183-455: Was passed by the Rajya Sabha , the upper house of the Parliament of India on 28 November, and the Lok Sabha , the lower house of the Parliament, on 12 December 2005. It received the assent of The President of India on 23 December 2005. The Disaster Management Act , 2005 has 11 chapters and 79 sections. The Act extends to the whole of India. The Act calls for the establishment of National Disaster Management Authority ( NDMA ), with
5256-497: Was renovated with IDA assistance after Nepal took over the project in 1976. The Koshi barrage, with earth dams across the river, as well as afflux bunds and embankments above and below the river, confines the river to flow within embankments. Embankments on both sides downstream of the barrage with a length of 246 km (153 mi) were constructed to check the westward movement of the river. The embankments have been kept far apart, about 12 to 16 km (9.9 mi), to serve as
5329-528: Was thus conceptualized (based on investigations between 1946 and 1955), in three continuous interlinked stages This was followed by the Kosi Agreement between Nepal and India signed on 25 April 1954 and revised on 19 December 1966 to address Nepal's concerns. Further letters of Exchange to the Agreement between the two countries identified additional schemes for providing benefits of irrigation. While
#766233