Misplaced Pages

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33-735: The paper was founded as the New York Evening Mail in 1867 and published under that name through 1877. It then went through some minor name changes, becoming the New York Mail for about a year (November 1877 – November 1878), and then The Mail (through late 1879). It then became the Evening Mail from 1879 through December 1881, when owner Cyrus West Field acquired the New York Evening Express (which had been founded by James and Erastus Brooks as

66-555: A Whig paper in June 1836), and created The Mail and Express . It retained the Mail and Express moniker until 1904, when it eventually became the Evening Mail once again. In 1915 the newspaper was acquired by Edward Rumely with financing from a source in Germany . Rumely felt that most American newspapers were taking a pro British side threatening neutrality. In January 1924, the paper

99-521: A 400-mile (640 km) telegraph line connecting St. John's, Newfoundland with Nova Scotia , coupling with telegraph lines from the U.S. American investors took over Gisborne's venture and formed a new company called the New York, Newfoundland, and London Telegraph Company (N.Y.N.L.T.C.) after Field convinced the Cable Cabinet to extend the line from Newfoundland to Ireland . The next year

132-576: A cartoonist with the New York Evening Mail . The New York Evening Mail was syndicated to the first newspaper syndicate, the McClure Newspaper Syndicate , giving Goldberg's cartoons a wider distribution, and by 1915 he was earning $ 25,000 per year and being billed by the paper as America's most popular cartoonist. Arthur Brisbane had offered Goldberg $ 2,600 per year in 1911 in an unsuccessful attempt to get him to move to William Randolph Hearst 's newspaper chain, and in 1915 raised

165-479: A junior partner in the E. Root & Co., a wholesale paper firm based in New York with responsibilities to oversee clients and conduct sales away from New York. After six months, E. Root & Co. failed leaving large debts. Field negotiated with creditors, dissolved the old firm, and started a new partnership with his brother-in-law, Joseph F. Stone, registered as Cyrus W. Field & Co. He stayed in business and

198-633: A number of prominent persons on both sides of the Atlantic – including Lord Clarendon and William Ewart Gladstone , the British Finance Minister at the time. Field's communications with Gladstone would become important in the middle of the American Civil War , when three letters he received from Gladstone between November 27, 1862 and December 9, 1862 caused a furor, because Gladstone appeared to express support of

231-651: A shallow submarine plateau that ran between Ireland and Newfoundland . The cable was officially opened on August 16, 1858, when Queen Victoria sent President James Buchanan a message in Morse code . Although the jubilation at the feat was widespread, the cable itself was short-lived: it broke down three weeks afterward, and was not reconnected until 1866. During the Panic of 1857 , Field's paper business suspended, and Peter Cooper , his neighbor in Gramercy Park ,

264-466: A subsequent trip in 1857 with artist Louis Rémy Mignot , inspired some of his most famous paintings upon his return to New York. Field's list of "Places of Interest to Visit" in South America reflected his interests, including business interests: bridges, volcanoes, waterfalls, and cities, as well as gold mines and the emerald mines of Muzo . Field turned his attention to telegraphy after he

297-526: A verse from the Bible at the head of each edition's editorial page. As president of the newspaper company until his death, he approved every important decision or policy. Shepard's brother Augustus D. Shepard, who was the vice president, became acting president of the Mail and Express Company on his brother's death. In 1892, the newspaper's owner Elliott Fitch Shepard ordered a new headquarters built. Shepard owned

330-734: Is named after Field. Ardsley, New York was named after Field's ancestor, Zechariah Field, on Cyrus Field's request. Zechariah Field was born in East Ardsley, West Riding of Yorkshire, England, and immigrated to America in 1629. Trading with the Enemy Act Trading with the Enemy Act is a stock short title used for legislation in the United Kingdom and the United States relating to trading with

363-714: The Atlantic Telegraph Company and laid the first telegraph cable across the Atlantic Ocean in 1858. Field was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts to Rev. David Dudley Field , a Congregational clergyman , and Submit Dickinson Field, daughter of Revolutionary War Captain Noah Dickinson from Somers, Connecticut. The eighth of ten children, he was the brother of David Dudley Field Jr. , Henry Martyn Field , and Stephen Johnson Field ,

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396-712: The Wabash Railroad . Field also loaned Henry W. Grady the $ 20,000 used for Grady to buy a one-quarter interest in the Atlanta Constitution newspaper. He also owned the Mail and Express , a New York newspaper. Bad investments deprived Field of his fortune. He lived modestly during the last five years of his life in his native Stockbridge, Massachusetts , and died in 1892 at the age of 72. Field and his wife are buried in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in

429-657: The 38th United States Supreme Court Justice, among other siblings. When he was 15 years old, Field came to New York City , where he was hired as an errand boy in the A.T. Stewart & Co. , a dry goods merchant firm. He entered a business apprenticeship, and earned fifty dollars at his first year as a storeroom clerk; his pay was doubled the following year. After three years, he came back to Stockbridge, but returned to New York later in his career. Field married Mary Bryan Stone on December 2, 1840, two days after he turned twenty one, and they had seven children. Although Field had many available career options, he chose business. This

462-670: The Government, charged with perjury. The charge grew out of a statement filed with A. Mitchell Palmer , the Alien Property Custodian , in which Rumely asserted that The Evening Mail was an American-owned newspaper. The Government is in possession of evidence which, it is held, shows that instead of being owned by Americans, the paper is in fact owned by the Imperial German Government, which on June 1, 1915, paid to Rumely, through Walter Lyon, of

495-691: The Stockbridge Cemetery in Berkshire County. His headstone reads: "CYRUS WEST FIELD To whose courage, energy and perseverance the world owes The Atlantic Telegraph." In December 1884, the Canadian Pacific Railway named the community of Field , British Columbia , Canada in his honor. Cyrus Field Road, in Irvington, New York , where he died, is named after him. Fieldia , the burrowing Cambrian worm,

528-584: The United States entry into World War II the president imposed broad prohibitions on the transfer of property in which Norway or Denmark, or any citizen or national of those countries, or any other person aiding those countries, had any interest, with the exception of transfers which were licensed under the regulations of the Department of the Treasury. The British Trading with the Enemy Act 1939

561-463: The age of 34 with a fortune of $ 250,000 and build a home in Gramercy Park . In 1853, Field financed an expedition to South America with his artist friend Frederic Edwin Church , during which they explored present-day Ecuador , Colombia , and Panama . They followed the route taken by Alexander von Humboldt over 50 years earlier. Church's sketches of the landscapes and volcanoes on this trip, and on

594-444: The answers received, one particularly stated, Your only inheritance was a load of debt, cast upon you at the commencement of your business life, which was not caused by lack of foresight or fault on your part. You bore up under this heavy burden and paid it as not one in thousands could or would have done, and by this very act you laid broad the basis of your subsequent success. Business earnings permitted Field to partially retire at

627-620: The company from 1888 until his death in 1893. The building was on Broadway, between Fulton and Dey Streets. It was 66 by 25 by 211 feet, ten stories, and was built by Carrère & Hastings (architects of the New York Public Library ). The building's dimensions were challenging based on the land purchased, and thus the Buffalo Morning Express wrote that it "looks for all the world like an upright lead pencil". The ground floor featured caryatids representing

660-461: The enemy . Trading with the Enemy Acts is also a generic name for a class of legislation generally passed during or approaching a war that prohibit not just mercantile activities with foreign nationals, but also acts that might assist the enemy. While originally limited to wartime, in the 20th century these Acts were applied in cases of national emergency as well. For example, in 1940, before

693-582: The former Wall Street house of Renskorf. Lyon & Co., the sum of $ 735,000, which transferred the control of the newspaper to the Kaiser." In July 1918 Rumely was arrested and convicted of violation of the Trading with the Enemy Act . Rumely however denied the allegations, claiming, instead, he had received money to buy the paper from an American citizen in Germany. He had failed to report this when he received

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726-409: The money. He said the charge was baseless, and based on perjured testimony. President Coolidge granted him a presidential pardon in 1925. [REDACTED] Media related to New York Evening Mail at Wikimedia Commons Cyrus West Field Cyrus West Field (November 30, 1819 – July 12, 1892) was an American businessman and financier who, along with other entrepreneurs, created

759-521: The newspaper's reach across all "four corners of the world". The building became an architectural landmark, such that after a fire in 1900, the Troy Daily Times wrote that it was "such an ornament to Broadway that its destruction would be a calamity". It was demolished in 1920, following AT&T's plans to expand its building at 195 Broadway to take over nearly the entire block. In 1907, Rube Goldberg moved to New York, finding employment as

792-479: The offer to $ 50,000 per year. Rather than lose Goldberg to Hearst, the New York Evening Mail matched the salary offer and formed the Evening Mail Syndicate to syndicate Goldberg's cartoons nationally. The New York Times of July 9, 1918, reported that Edward Rumely , "... vice president, secretary and publisher of the New York Evening Mail , was arrested late yesterday afternoon by agents of

825-644: The previous year and made it into a backup wire to the main cable. In 1867, Field received a gold medal from the U.S. Congress and the grand prize at the International Exposition in Paris for his work on the transatlantic cable. In the 1870s–80s, Field entered into transportation business. He served as president of the New York Elevated Railroad Company in 1877–1880 and collaborated with Jay Gould on developing

858-682: The same investors formed the American Telegraph Company and began buying up other companies, rationalizing them into a consolidated system that ran from Maine to the Gulf Coast; the system was second only to Western Union 's. In 1857, after securing financing in England and backing from the American and British governments, the Atlantic Telegraph Company began laying the first transatlantic telegraph cable , utilizing

891-481: The secessionist southern states in forming the Confederate States of America . In 1866, Field laid a new, more durable trans-Atlantic cable using Brunel's SS  Great Eastern . Great Eastern was, at the time, the largest ocean-going ship in the world. His new cable provided almost instant communication across the Atlantic. On his return to Newfoundland, he grappled the cable he had attempted to lay

924-572: Was a great move for Field. At first, he worked for his brothers, David Dudley Field Jr. and Matthew Dickinson Field. In 1838, he accepted an offer from his brother Matthew to become his assistant in the paper manufacturing venture, the Columbia Mill, in Lee, Massachusetts . In Spring 1840, he went into business by himself, manufacturing paper in Westfield, Massachusetts . The same year, he became

957-520: Was applied to Mandatory Palestine , as to other British-ruled territories. On the creation of Israel in 1948, it was retained as an Israeli law and the various Arab countries named in it as "The Enemy". It is still in force as of 2024 , though Egypt and Jordan were removed from its application with the respective peace agreements Israel signed with them. According to the Chief Economist Division of Israel's Ministry of Finance, which

990-544: Was contacted in January 1854 by Frederic Newton Gisborne , a British engineer, who aimed to establish a telegraph connection between St. John's, Newfoundland and New York City , started the work, but failed due to the lack of capital. Later that year he, with Peter Cooper , Abram Stevens Hewitt , Moses Taylor and Samuel F.B. Morse , joined the so-called Cable Cabinet of entrepreneurs, investors and engineers. Through this Cable Cabinet, Field became instrumental in laying

1023-625: Was furnishing supplies for the Northeast mills, such as owned by Crane & Company , and buying the finished product wholesale. Through his hard work and long hours, the young paper merchant was able to repay the settled debts and succeed in business by servicing the burgeoning penny press and the need for stocks and bonds, becoming eventually one of the richest men in New York. In March, 1853, he repaid all previously cancelled debt due to insolvency of E. Root & Co. debts in full amount with interest, being under no legal obligation to do so. Among

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1056-545: Was merged with the Evening Telegram upon being acquired by Frank Munsey from Henry L. Stoddard . This later became the New York World-Telegram in 1931. On March 20, 1888, Elliott Fitch Shepard purchased the Mail and Express (with an estimated value of $ 200,000 ($ 6.78 million in 2023) from Cyrus West Field for $ 425,000 ($ 14.4 million in 2023). Deeply religious, Shepard placed

1089-571: Was the only one that kept him from going under. On August 26, 1858, Field returned to a triumphant homecoming at Great Barrington, Massachusetts , saluting this Massachusetts boy made good. "This has been a great day here," trumpeted The New York Times , "The occasion was the reception of the welcome of Cyrus W. Field, Esq., the world-renowned parent of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable scheme, which has been so successfully completed." Field's activities brought him into contact with

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