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57-719: Newcastle College is a large further education and higher education college in Newcastle upon Tyne , with more than 16,000 students enrolled each year on a variety of full time, part time, and distance learning. It is the largest further education college in the North East of England and one of the largest in the United Kingdom . The college provides Further Education , Apprenticeships and adult courses across 23 subject areas, as well as higher education through Newcastle College University Centre. Newcastle College

114-549: A darkroom. The foundation diploma for Art & Design has also been registered as a University Arts London (UAL) Approved Centre. Automotive Centre: This centre has a number of automotive workshops. Rutherford Building: CAD workshops, CNC machinery, construction workshop, paint and decorating suites, welding and joinery equipment and electrical and plumbing workshops. Newcastle College also offers HE qualifications. These include foundation degrees, bachelor's degrees and master's degrees. The college has over 3,000 HE students and

171-682: A dialogue about their experiences, rather than being repelled by having to define their experiences as victims. Tony Buon and Caitlin Buon also suggest that the perception and profile of the workplace bully does not facilitate interventions. They suggest that to make significant progress and achieve long-term behaviour change, organisations and individuals need to embrace the notion that everyone potentially houses 'the bully' within them and their organisations. It exists in workplace cultures, belief systems, interactions, and emotional competencies, and cannot be transformed if externalization and demonization further

228-699: A higher performance orientation than Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa, bullying may be seen as an acceptable price to pay for performance. The value Latin America holds for personal connections with employees and the higher humane orientation of Sub-Saharan Africa may help to explain their distaste for bullying. A culture of individualism in the US implies competition, which may increase the likelihood of workplace bullying situations. Ashforth discussed potentially destructive sides of leadership and identified what he referred to as petty tyrants , i.e., leaders who exercise

285-466: A hostile work environment varies by industry. In 2015, the broad industry category with the highest prevalence was healthcare and social assistance 10%. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 16,890 workers in the private industry experienced physical trauma from nonfatal workplace violence in 2016. The prevalence of hostile work environment varies by occupation. In 2015, the occupation groups with

342-550: A hostile work environment were identified for workers with some college education or workers with high school diploma or GED, compared to workers with less than a high school education. Lower prevalence rates for experiencing a hostile work environment were identified for workers aged 65 and older compared to workers in other age groups. With respect to age, conflicting findings have been reported. A study by Einarsen and Skogstad (1996) indicates older employees tend to be more likely to be bullied than younger ones. The prevalence of

399-556: A majority of studies reporting a 10 to 15% prevalence in Europe and North America. This figure can vary dramatically upon what definition of workplace bullying is used. Statistics from the 2007 WBI-Zogby survey show that 13% of U.S. employees report being bullied currently, 24% say they have been bullied in the past and an additional 12% say they have witnessed workplace bullying. Nearly half of all American workers (49%) report that they have been affected by workplace bullying, either being

456-630: A new Sixth Form college at the Rye Hill campus in August 2011. Designed by international architects RMJM , the building was scheduled to open in 2013. The college was officially opened in 2014 as Newcastle Sixth Form College and is no longer part of Newcastle College, but instead a separate division within NCG. Performance Academy: Opened in November 2004, the £21m Performance Academy at Newcastle College

513-407: A set of behaviours by managers that address the main reported causes of occupational stress. Managers that operate against the standards can readily be identified as workplace bullies i.e. have no regard for the demands, remove control whenever possible, let them struggle, allow bullying to run uncontrolled and never let them know what is going to happen next ( mushroom management ) i.e. 'show them who

570-485: A target or a witness. Further research showed the types of bullying behaviour, and organizational support. In terms of gender, the Workplace Bullying Institute (2007) states that women appear to be at greater risk of becoming a bullying target, as 57% of those who reported being targeted for abuse were women. Men are more likely to participate in aggressive bullying behaviour (60%), however when

627-484: A target themselves or having witnessed abusive behaviour against a co-worker. Although socioeconomic factors may play a role in the abuse, researchers from the Project for Wellness and Work-Life suggest that "workplace bullying, by definition, is not explicitly connected to demographic markers such as sex and ethnicity". According to the 2015 National Health Interview Survey Occupational Health Supplement (NHIS-OHS),

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684-480: A tyrannical style of management, resulting in a climate of fear in the workplace. Partial or intermittent negative reinforcement can create an effective climate of fear and doubt . When employees get the sense that bullies "get away with it", a climate of fear may be the result. Several studies have confirmed a relationship between bullying, on the one hand, and an autocratic leadership and an authoritarian way of settling conflicts or dealing with disagreements, on

741-442: A year, compared to £45m in 2003. In 2013, Newcastle College appointed new Principal, Carole Kitching. Ofsted downgraded the college from 'outstanding' to 'good' following an inspection in 2012. It was widely reported that college management had ejected the inspection team from the premises, and that some inspectors were offered counselling as a result of the process. In 2018 it was re-inspected and judged to Require Improvement. It

798-664: Is a division of NCG , one of the largest education, training and employability organisations in the UK. Newcastle College can trace its roots back to 1894, when it was established as Rutherford Memorial College , becoming Rutherford Grammar School in 1945. In 1930, the President of the Board of Education Charles Trevelyan founded the Trevelyan Building for girls . In 1962 the college was divided into two separate divisions,

855-676: Is a specific type of workplace violence based on the hierarchical or managerial structure present in many healthcare based establishments. This type of workplace violence, “is usually generated by a power imbalance, whether due to a real hierarchical structure or perceived by professionals. It generates feelings of humiliation, vulnerability, and helplessness in the victims, limiting their ability to develop competency and defend themselves” (Pérez-Fuentes et al. 2021, pg 2) Furthermore, new managers will quickly come to view this form of behaviour as acceptable and normal if they see others get away with it and are even rewarded for it. When bullying happens at

912-507: Is characterized by: This distinguishes bullying from isolated behaviours and other forms of job stress and allows the term workplace bullying to be applied in various contexts and to behaviors that meet these characteristics. Many observers agree that bullying is often a repetitive behavior. However, some experts who have dealt with a great many people who report abuse also categorize some once-only events as bullying, for example, with cases where there appear to be severe sequelae. Expanding

969-424: Is considered legitimate, classifying incidences of employer exploitation, retaliation, or other abuses of power against an employee as a form of bullying is often not taken as seriously. Bullying is seen to be prevalent in organizations where employees and managers feel that they have the support, or at least the implicit blessing of senior managers to carry on their abusive and bullying behaviour. Vertical violence

1026-577: Is in charge'. The standards define the main known causes of occupational stress, in accord with the DCS Model , but also provide a 'bullying checklist'. Research investigating the acceptability of the bullying behaviour across different cultures (e.g. Power et al., 2013) clearly shows that culture affects the perception of the acceptable behaviour. National background also influences the prevalence of workplace bullying (Harvey et al., 2009; Hoel et al., 1999; Lutgen-Sandvik et al., 2007). Humane orientation

1083-623: Is negatively associated with the acceptability of work-related bullying. Performance orientation is positively associated with the acceptance of bullying. Future orientation is negatively associated with the acceptability of bullying. A culture of femininity suggests that individuals who live and work in this kind of culture tend to value interpersonal relationships to a greater degree. Three broad dimensions have been mentioned in relation to workplace bullying: power distance; masculinity versus femininity; and individualism versus collectivism (Lutgen-Sandvik et al., 2007). In Confucian Asia, which has

1140-494: Is next to Newcastle International Airport and consists of a 12,000m aircraft hangar and ground-training aircraft such as a BAE Jetstream, Boeing 737 and Jet Provosts. Parsons Building : Opened in 2016, this £18 million building has retail units, hospital training wards, childcare training rooms, science laboratories, learner zones and social spaces. Mandela Building : Painting and sculpture studios, MAC suites; 3D design workshops, digital photography suites, an exhibition space and

1197-405: Is no universally accepted formal definition of workplace bullying, and some researchers question whether a single, uniform definition is possible due to its complex and multifaceted forms, several researchers have attempted to define it: Because it can occur in a variety of contexts and forms, it is also useful to define workplace bullying by the key features that these behaviours possess. Bullying

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1254-481: Is one of the UK's leading training centres for music, performing arts and media. The facility comprises a 250-seat theatre; ten recording studios; acting, music and dance studios; and its own record label. Former students from the Performance Academy include Joe McElderry and Perrie Edwards from Little Mix who won The X-Factor in 2009 and 2011 respectively. Lifestyle Academy: September 2006 saw

1311-627: Is one of the biggest providers of HE in FE. These students have access to HE-only facilities such as Space. The college previously offered foundation degrees validated by universities, including Leeds Metropolitan, Northumbria, and Sunderland. In July 2011, Newcastle College was awarded Foundation Degree(FD) Awarding Powers, allowing it to develop and validate its own FD programmes. 54°58′00″N 1°37′40″W  /  54.96667°N 1.62778°W  / 54.96667; -1.62778 Further education Too Many Requests If you report this error to

1368-711: Is situated at Rye Hill, close to Newcastle city centre , and there are four satellite sites belonging to the College's School of Engineering. Newcastle Aviation Academy is located next to Newcastle International Airport . and Newcastle College Rail Academy is located in Gateshead. The Energy Academy is based in Wallsend and the Automotive Academy in Scotswood Road. Work started on the construction of

1425-564: Is the term preferred in Finland. Workplace bullying is primarily used in Australia, UK, and Northern Europe. While the terms "harassment" and "mobbing" are often used to describe bullying behaviors, "workplace bullying" tends to be the most commonly used term by the research community. Approximately 72% of bullies outrank their victims. Research suggests that a significant number of people are exposed to persistent workplace bullying, with

1482-562: The BBC 's regional Inside Out programme in January 2012. NCG responded that “it takes any allegation of bullying extremely seriously and has a clear and transparent process for dealing with staff concerns. All reported allegations are always thoroughly investigated and dealt with appropriately. In March 2014, Newcastle Sixth Form College , a Further Education college in Newcastle upon Tyne,

1539-516: The college of Further Education and the Charles Trevelyan Technical College . In 1972 the two colleges merged and became known as Newcastle College of Arts and Technology , changing name in 1988 to Newcastle College . Newcastle College gave the reason for the merger as having a responsibility to support improvement in other colleges, and to retain its level of Train to Gain funding. According to The Journal ,

1596-507: The "bully" profile is that 'the bully' is always aware of what they are doing, deliberately sets out to harm their 'victims', targets a particular individual or type of person, and has some kind of underlying personality flaw, insecurity, or disorder. But this is unproven and lacks evidence. The researchers suggest referring to workplace bullying as generic harassment along with other forms of non-specific harassment, as this would enable employees to use less emotionally charged language for starting

1653-637: The Ashington-based college rejected the merger plans in response to feedback from their staff, students and local MPs. In November 2005, the Times Educational Supplement reported that lecturers who rebelled, "against new contracts, were defeated after they faced losing their jobs." Following cuts by the coalition government , the college reorganised its curriculum structure leading to 200-equivalent full-time job losses, with 188 new jobs created in 2011. The restructure lead to

1710-739: The USA reveals the pattern from most to least: The reported rates of witnessing bullying were: The percentages of those reporting that they have neither experienced nor witnessed mistreatment were: Research psychologist Tony Buon published one of the first reviews of bullying in China in PKU Business Review in 2005. Higher prevalence rates for experiencing a hostile work environment were identified for divorced or separated workers compared to married workers, widowed workers, and never married workers. Higher prevalence rates for experiencing

1767-503: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.150 via cp1114 cp1114, Varnish XID 927533084 Upstream caches: cp1114 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:00:09 GMT Workplace bullying Research has also investigated the impact of the larger organizational context on bullying, as well as the group-level dynamics that contribute to

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1824-502: The bully is a woman her target is more likely to be a woman as well (71%). In 2015, the National Health Interview Survey found a higher prevalence of women (8%) workers who were threatened, bullied, or harassed than men. However, varying results have been found. The research of Samnani and Singh (2012) reviews the findings from 20 years' literature and claims that inconsistent findings could not support

1881-502: The bully. Unlike sexual harassment, which named a specific problem and is now recognized in law of many countries (including the U.S.), workplace bullying is still being established as a relevant social problem and is in need of a specific vernacular. Euphemisms intended to trivialize bullying and its impact on bullied people include: incivility, disrespect, difficult people, personality conflict, negative conduct, and ill treatment. Bullied people are labelled as insubordinate when they resist

1938-555: The bullying treatment. There is no exact definition for bullying behaviours in workplace, which is why different terms and definitions are common. For example, mobbing is a commonly used term in France and Germany, where it refers to a "mob" of bullies, rather than a single bully; this phenomenon is not often seen in other countries. In the United States, aggression and emotional abuse are frequently used terms, whereas harassment

1995-446: The college was falling into disrepair in the late twentieth century. Dame Jackie Fisher, who joined the college as principal in 2000 and later became chief executive of the group, suggests that the buildings were in a poor state due to lack of investment in the 1990s and that the structure of the college was wasteful. The restructuring took Fisher and her team three and a half years, with the college, as of September 2011, turning over £150m

2052-425: The common understanding of bullying to include single, severe episodes also parallels the legal definitions of sexual harassment in the US. According to Pamela Lutgin-Sandvik, the lack of unifying language to name the phenomenon of workplace bullying is a problem because without a unifying term or phrase, individuals have difficulty naming their experiences of abuse, and therefore have trouble pursuing justice against

2109-457: The differences across gender. Carter et al. (2013) found that male staff reported higher prevalence of workplace bullying within UK healthcare. It is important to consider if there may be gender differences in level of reporting. Race also may play a role in the experience of workplace bullying. According to the Workplace Bullying Institute (2007), the comparison of reported combined bullying (current plus ever bullied) prevalence percentages in

2166-445: The employer to "legitimately exercise" power (e.g., by monitoring and controlling employees) in a manner consistent with bullying. Although the terminology of bullying traditionally implies an interpersonal relationship between the perpetrator and target, organizations' or other collectives' actions can constitute bullying both by definition and in their impacts on targets. However, while defining bullying as an interpersonal phenomenon

2223-539: The event of his returning to work it was unlikely that anything would be done about the bullying. The HSE found that the Trust did not have an occupational stress policy and directed them to create one in accordance with the soon to be published HSE Management Standards. These are standards that managers should meet in their work if they are to ensure a safe workplace, as is required by the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 as

2280-544: The grade, and therefore salary, reduction of many teaching staff. Shortly after redundancies were announced, The Guardian reported that NCG's chief executive, Dame Jackie Fisher, "enjoyed a pay rise, including bonus and retention payment, of almost £73,000." However, the report mentions a spokeswoman's defence of the pay rise, pointing out "that Fisher is responsible for three divisions with an annual turnover of £152m in 2009-10." Also in 2011, allegations of workplace bullying were made against college management and reported on

2337-424: The highest levels, the effects may be far reaching. People may be bullied irrespective of their organizational status or rank, including senior managers, which indicates the possibility of a negative domino effect , where bullying may cascade downwards, as the targeted supervisors might offload their own aggression onto their subordinates. In such situations, a bullying scenario in the boardroom may actually threaten

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2394-524: The highest prevalence was protective services (24%) and community and social services (15%). Within UK healthcare, it has been found that 20% of staff have experienced bullying, and 43% witnessed bullying, with managers being the most common source of bullying. In the UK's National Health Service, individuals with disabilities are also at a higher risk of experiencing workplace bullying. Researchers Caitlin Buon and Tony Buon suggest that attempts to profile 'the bully' have been damaging. They state that

2451-423: The national prevalence rate for workers reporting having been threatened, bullied, or harassed by anyone on the job was 7.4%. In 2008, Dr. Judy Fisher-Blando wrote a doctoral research dissertation on Aggressive behaviour: Workplace Bullying and Its Effect on Job Satisfaction and Productivity . The scientific study determined that almost 75% of employees surveyed had been affected by workplace bullying, whether as

2508-496: The occurrence and persistence of bullying behavior. Bullying can be covert or overt, sometimes unnoticed by superiors while also being widely known throughout an organization. The negative effects of workplace bullying are not limited to the targeted individuals, and can potentially lead to a decline in employee morale and shifts in organizational culture . Workplace bullying can also manifest as overbearing supervision, constant criticism and obstructing promotions. Although there

2565-466: The opening of the "Lifestyle Academy", for students studying hospitality, beauty, hairdressing, travel and tourism, and sport. Energy Academy: The Energy Academy in Wallsend is a centre of innovation, training, and development for the offshore wind sector. Opened September in 2011, the 20,000 sq ft centre provides skills training to employers within the renewable energies sector and to young people in

2622-474: The organization. Maarit Varitia, a workplace bullying researcher, found that 20% of interviewees who experienced workplace bullying attributed their being targeted to their being different from others. The third relationship in the workplace is between employees and customers. Although less frequent, such cases play a significant role in the efficiency of the organization. Overly stressed or distressed employees may be less able to perform optimally and can impact

2679-424: The other. An authoritarian style of leadership may create a climate of fear, where there is little or no room for dialogue and where complaining may be considered futile. In professions where workplace bullying is common, and employees do not receive sufficient support from their coworkers or managers, it often generates feelings of resignation that lead them to believe that the abuse is a normal and inevitable part of

2736-516: The problem by profiling 'the bully' rather than talking about behaviours and interpersonal interactions. Based on research by H. Hoel and C.L. Cooper, most perpetrators are supervisors . The second most common group is peers, followed by subordinates and customers. The three main relationships among the participants in workplace bullying: Bullying may also occur between an organization and its employees. Bullying behaviour by supervisors toward subordinates typically manifests as an abuse of power by

2793-635: The productivity of the entire organisation. The relationship between occupational stress and bullying was drawn in the matter of the UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) issuing an Improvement Notice to the West Dorset General Hospital NHS Trust. This followed a complaint raised with the HSE by an employee who was off sick having suffered from bullying in the workplace. His managers had responded by telling him that in

2850-489: The quality of service overall. The fourth relationship in the workplace is between the organization or system and its employees. An article by Andreas Liefooghe (2012) notes that many employees describe their employer as a "bully". These cases, the issue is not simply an organizational culture or environmental factors facilitating bullying, but bullying-like behaviour by an employer against an employee. Tremendous power imbalances between an organization and its employees enables

2907-761: The region. Newcastle Sixth Form College : In 2013 Newcastle College opened a new building to the sixth form which was new to the college. Rail Academy: Opened in 2014, Newcastle College Rail Academy (located in Gateshead) was built to address skills shortage in the rail industry, developed in conjunction with the National Skills Academy for Railway Engineering (NSAR) and employers such as Network Rail. The £5 million site has on-site overhead lines, switching, crossings, telecommunications, multiple P-way set ups and electronic PLC testing and monitoring equipment. Aviation Academy: This £3 million facility

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2964-753: The supervisor in the workplace. Bullying behaviours by supervisors may be associated with a culture of bullying and the management style of the supervisors. An authoritative management style, specifically, often includes bullying behaviours, which can make subordinates fearful and allow supervisors to bolster their authority over others. If an organization wishes to discourage bullying in the workplace, strategies and policies must be put into place to dissuade and counter bullying behavior. Lack of monitoring or of punishment/corrective action will result in an organizational culture that supports/tolerates bullying. In addition to supervisor – subordinate bullying, bullying behaviours also occur between colleagues. Peers can be either

3021-527: The target or perpetrator. If workplace bullying happens among the co-workers, witnesses will typically choose sides, either with the target or the perpetrator. Perpetrators usually "win" since witnesses do not want to be the next target. This outcome encourages perpetrators to continue their bullying behaviour. In addition, the sense of the injustice experienced by a target might lead that person to become another perpetrator who bullies other colleagues who have less power than they do, thereby proliferating bullying in

3078-484: Was amended by the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, the latter directing that risks in the workplace must be identified, assessed and controlled. These risks include those hazards known to cause occupational stress. One of the six standards relates to managing relationships between employees, a matter in which the Trust had shown itself to be deficient. The six HSE Management Standards define

3135-640: Was formed in March 2008, following the acquisition of TWL Training in December 2007, and the purchase of the troubled training organisation Carter & Carter in March 2008. This led to the introduction of the Newcastle College Group (NCG). In November 2011, the group also acquired the British youth charity Rathbone Training . The college attempted to merge with Northumberland College , but

3192-554: Was opened. In August 2014, Kidderminster College was acquired by NCG. In 2017, NCG merged with Lewisham and Southwark and Carlise College. NCG was the first Further Education provider in the UK to be awarded Taught Degree Awarding Powers, meaning it is able to validate its own degrees. NCG ran the Discovery School in Newcastle. This opened as a free school in 2014. It was closed in 2018 after safeguarding concerns and an Ofsted judgement of Inadequate. The main campus

3249-523: Was re-inspected in 2022 and judged Good. Newcastle College is a division of NCG (formerly Newcastle College Group). With a turnover of more than £155 million, NCG is one of the largest education, training and employability organisations in the UK. It is made up of seven colleges. In August 2007, the college merged with Skelmersdale & Ormskirk College, a college in Lancashire ; it was later renamed West Lancashire College in August 2011. Intraining

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