109-656: Gateshead ( / ˈ ɡ eɪ t s ( h ) ɛ d / ) is a town in the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough of Tyne and Wear , England. It is on the River Tyne 's southern bank. The town's attractions include the twenty metre tall Angel of the North sculpture on the town's southern outskirts, The Glasshouse International Centre for Music and the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art . The town shares
218-490: A chapel , parts of its grounds have also been given SSSI status. Even in the more urban areas of the borough, in Gateshead itself and to the east, efforts have been made to maintain green spaces and wildlife sites. One such project is Bill Quay Community Farm, east of the borough. Offering a rural experience within an urban setting, it provides an important educational tool for local schools. The 2001 census stated that
327-400: A further education college, Gateshead College , and a leading Jewish higher education institution, Beth Midrash Lemoroth — Jewish Teachers Training College. Gateshead has a variety of landscapes, urban and industrial areas include the town itself, Whickham and Blaydon in the west, with more semi-rural and rural locations in the west including Ryton and Rowlands Gill. Overall though, it
436-468: A municipal borough and in 1889 it was made a county borough , independent from Durham County Council . In 1870, the Old Town Hall was built, designed by John Johnstone who also designed the previously built Newcastle Town Hall . The ornamental clock in front of the old town hall was presented to Gateshead in 1892 by the mayor, Walter de Lancey Willson, on the occasion of him being elected for
545-726: A national emergency . Despite President Obama's concern, a Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind poll found in October 2009 that an overwhelming majority of New Jerseyans (74%) were not very worried or not at all worried about contracting the H1N1 flu virus. A study conducted in coordination with the University of Michigan Health Service is scheduled for publication in the December 2009 American Journal of Roentgenology warning that H1N1 flu can cause pulmonary embolism , surmised as
654-452: A tsunami that killed around one quarter-million people and displaced well over a million others. The most prominent terrorist attacks committed against the civilian population during the decade include: The most prominent armed conflicts of the decade include: The most prominent coup d'état of the decade include: During the 2000s, the expectations and unspoken rules for acceptable conduct among American politicians affiliated with
763-534: A Gateshead Quays cultural quarter. The development includes the Gateshead Millennium Bridge , erected in 2001, which won the prestigious Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2002. The brutalist Trinity Centre Car Park , which was designed by Owen Luder , dominated the town centre for many years until its demolition in 2010. A product of attempts to regenerate the area in the 1960s, the car park gained an iconic status due to its appearance in
872-676: A United States-led coalition invaded Iraq , and the Iraq War led to the end of Saddam Hussein 's rule as Iraqi President and the Ba'ath Party in Iraq. Al-Qaeda and affiliated Islamist militant groups performed terrorist acts throughout the decade. The Second Congo War , the deadliest conflict since World War II, ended in July 2003. Further wars that ended included the Algerian Civil War ,
981-487: A converted flour mill. The Glasshouse International Centre for Music , previously The Sage, a Norman Foster -designed venue for music and the performing arts opened on 17 December 2004. Gateshead also hosted the Gateshead Garden Festival in 1990, rejuvenating 200 acres (0.81 km) of derelict land (now mostly replaced with housing). The Angel of the North , a famous sculpture in nearby Lamesley ,
1090-589: A global recession, beginning in the United States and affecting most of the industrialized world. The combined wealth of the "10 million dollar millionaires" grew to nearly $ 41 trillion in 2008. The period takes its name from Gordon Brown , the then UK Chancellor of the Exchequer (who later became Prime Minister ), who decided to sell approximately half of the UK's gold reserves in a series of auctions. At
1199-620: A leading cause of death in this current pandemic. The study authors suggest physician evaluation via contrast enhanced CT scans for the presence of pulmonary emboli when caring for patients diagnosed with respiratory complications from a "severe" case of the H1N1 flu. As of May 30, 2010, as stated by the World Health Organization, more than 214 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009, including over 18,138 deaths. The most significant evolution of
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#17327660346501308-636: A legal record, dated 1430. Throughout the Industrial Revolution the population of Gateshead expanded rapidly; between 1801 and 1901 the increase was over 100,000. This expansion resulted in the spread southwards of the town. In 1854, a catastrophic explosion on the quayside destroyed most of Gateshead's medieval heritage, and caused widespread damage on the Newcastle side of the river. Sir Joseph Swan lived at Underhill, Low Fell, Gateshead from 1869 to 1883, where his experiments led to
1417-765: A result of the warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic drift ). It is located in the rain shadow of the North Pennines and is therefore in one of the driest regions of the United Kingdom . One of the most distinguishing features of Gateshead is its topography . The land rises 230 feet from Gateshead Quays to the town centre and continues rising to a height of 525 feet at Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Sheriff Hill . This
1526-417: A small group of Newcastle merchants acquired the 'Grand Lease' of the manors of Gateshead and Whickham . In the hundred years from 1574 coal shipments from Newcastle increased elevenfold while the population of Gateshead doubled to approximately 5,500. However, the lease and the abundant coal supplies ended in 1680. The pits were shallow as problems of ventilation and flooding defeated attempts to mine coal from
1635-545: A third of the council (one councillor for each ward) elected each time for a four-year term of office. The wards are: The council is based at the Civic Centre on Regent Street, which was purpose-built for the council and was completed in 1987. Prior to 1987 the council had been based at the Town Hall on West Street, which had been completed in 1870 for the old Gateshead Borough Council. In national government
1744-644: A third time. He was also one of the founders of Walter Willson's, a chain of grocers in the North East and Cumbria. The old town hall also served as a magistrate's court and one of Gateshead's police stations. In 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972 , the County Borough of Gateshead was merged with the urban districts of Felling , Whickham , Blaydon and Ryton and part of the rural district of Chester-le-Street to create
1853-429: A town", adding that it appeared to have been designed "by an enemy of the human race". William Wailes the celebrated stained-glass maker, lived at South Dene from 1853 to 1860. In 1860, he designed Saltwell Towers as a fairy-tale palace for himself. It is an imposing Victorian mansion in its own park with a romantic skyline of turrets and battlements. It was originally furnished sumptuously by Gerrard Robinson. Some of
1962-1013: Is a cricket club and a rugby club adjacent to each other on Eastwood Gardens. These are Gateshead Fell Cricket Club and Gateshead Rugby Club. Gateshead Rugby Club was formed in 1998 following the merger of Gateshead Fell Rugby Club and North Durham Rugby Club. Gateshead is served by the following rail transport stations with some being operated by National Rail and some being Tyne & Wear Metro stations: Dunston , Felling , Gateshead Interchange , Gateshead Stadium , Heworth Interchange , MetroCentre and Pelaw . Tyne & Wear Metro stations at Gateshead Interchange and Gateshead Stadium provide direct light-rail access to Newcastle Central , Newcastle Airport , Sunderland , Tynemouth and South Shields Interchange . National Rail services are provided by Northern at Dunston and MetroCentre stations. The East Coast Main Line , which runs from London Kings Cross to Edinburgh Waverley , cuts directly through
2071-466: Is a fairly green area with over half of the borough being green belt or countryside . Most of this is located away from built up Tyneside to the south of the borough into Derwentside/Chester-le-Street and to the west into Tynedale. In total, there are over twenty countryside sites in the borough, from ancient meadows and woodland to local nature reserves. Notable features of Gateshead's countryside include Ryton Willows, found at Old Ryton Village on
2180-603: Is in contrast to the flat and low lying Team Valley located on the western edges of town. The high elevations allow for impressive views over the Tyne valley into Newcastle and across Tyneside to Sunderland and the North Sea from lookouts in Windmill Hills and Windy Nook respectively. The Office for National Statistics defines the town as an urban sub-division. The 2011 ONS urban sub-division of Gateshead contains
2289-452: Is instead provided by the leader of the council . The leaders since 2002 have been: Following the 2024 election the composition of the council was: The next election is due in May 2026. Since the last boundary changes in 2004 the council has comprised 66 councillors representing 22 wards , with each ward electing three councillors. Elections are held three years out of every four, with
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#17327660346502398-654: Is managed by Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums on behalf of Gateshead Council. Gateshead is a library authority and within its Central Library is a large venue facility called the Caedmon Hall. Gateshead has an association football team, Gateshead F.C. , who play in the English National League . They play at the Gateshead International Stadium , which also hosts athletics . The following people have received
2507-652: Is not especially relevant to organisms which don't cause disease in humans). The outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the United Kingdom in 2001 caused a crisis in British agriculture and tourism. This epizootic saw 2,000 cases of the disease in farms across most of the British countryside. Over 6 million sheep and cattle were killed. Between November 2002 and July 2003, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in Hong Kong, with 8,273 cases and 775 deaths worldwide (9.6% fatality) according to
2616-419: Is one civil parish in the borough at Lamesley, which forms an additional tier of local government for its area; the rest of the borough is unparished . Birtley was also a civil parish with a town council until it was abolished in 2006. The council has been under Labour majority control since the modern borough's creation in 1974. The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Gateshead. Political leadership
2725-475: Is the busiest bus station in Tyne & Wear and was used by 3.9 million bus passengers in 2008. Gateshead Metropolitan Borough The Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear , England. It includes Gateshead , Rowlands Gill , Whickham , Blaydon , Ryton , Felling , Birtley , Pelaw , Dunston and Low Fell . The borough forms part of
2834-595: Is visible from the A1 to the south of Gateshead, as well as from the East Coast Main Line . Other public art include works by Richard Deacon , Colin Rose, Sally Matthews , Andy Goldsworthy , Gordon Young and Michael Winstone . The earliest recorded coal mining in the Gateshead area is dated to 1344. As trade on the Tyne prospered there were several attempts by the burghers of Newcastle to annex Gateshead. In 1576
2943-958: The Angolan Civil War , the Sierra Leone Civil War , the Second Liberian Civil War , the Nepalese Civil War , and the Sri Lankan Civil War . Wars that began included the conflict in the Niger Delta , the Houthi insurgency , and the Mexican drug war . Climate change and global warming became common concerns in the 2000s. Prediction tools made significant progress during the decade, UN -sponsored organizations such as
3052-650: The Ba'ath Party in Iraq. Al-Qaeda and affiliated Islamist militant groups performed terrorist acts throughout the decade. These acts included the 2004 Madrid train bombings , 7/7 London bombings in 2005, and the 2008 Mumbai attacks related to al-Qaeda. The European Union expanded its sanctions amid Iran 's failure to comply with its transparency obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and United Nations resolutions . The war on terror generated extreme controversy around
3161-523: The Football League in 1960 in favour of Peterborough United , whilst Gateshead Thunder lost their place in Super League as a result of a takeover (officially termed a merger) by Hull F.C. Both Gateshead clubs continue to ply their trade at lower levels in their respective sports, thanks mainly to the efforts of their supporters. The Gateshead Senators American Football team also use
3270-660: The Freedom of the Borough of Gateshead: In addition, freedom was granted to 72 Engineer Regiment on 9 July 2011. Noughties The 2000s (pronounced "two-thousands"; shortened to the ' 00s and known as the aughts or noughties ) was a decade that began on January 1, 2000, and ended on December 31, 2009. The early part of the decade saw the long-predicted breakthrough of economic giants in Asia, like India and China , which had double-digit growth during nearly
3379-691: The IPCC gained influence, and studies such as the Stern Review influenced public support for paying the political and economic costs of countering climate change. The global temperature kept climbing during the decade. In December 2009, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) announced that the 2000s may have been the warmest decade since records began in 1850, with four of the five warmest years since 1850 having occurred in this decade. The WMO's findings were later echoed by
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3488-601: The Millennium Bridge , Tyne Bridge and multiple other bridges with Newcastle upon Tyne . Historically part of County Durham , under the Local Government Act 1888 the town was made a county borough , meaning it was administered independently of the county council . In the 2021 Census , the town had a population of 196,151. Gateshead is first mentioned in Latin translation in Bede's Ecclesiastical History of
3597-697: The NASA and the NOAA . Major natural disasters included Cyclone Nargis in 2008 and earthquakes in Pakistan and China in 2005 and 2008, respectively. The deadliest natural disaster and most powerful earthquake of the 21st century occurred in 2004 when a 9.1–9.3 M w earthquake and its subsequent tsunami struck multiple nations in the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000 people. Usage of computer-generated imagery became more widespread in films produced during
3706-715: The Republican or Democratic Parties changed due to the decline of political bosses in the previous 4 decades and the momentous events in America that happened during the decade. Generally, American presidential candidates abided by and respected the established procedures of both major parties' presidential nomination process. During this decade, the peaceful transfer of power through elections first occurred in Mexico, Indonesia, Taiwan , Colombia, and several other countries. (See below.) The prominent political events of
3815-561: The Tyneside conurbation , centred on Newcastle upon Tyne . At the 2021 census, the borough had a population of 196,154. It is bordered by the local authority areas of Newcastle upon Tyne to the north, Northumberland to the west, County Durham to the south, Sunderland to the south-east, and South Tyneside to the east. The council is a member of the North East Combined Authority . The town of Gateshead
3924-583: The World Health Organization (WHO). Within weeks, SARS spread from Hong Kong to infect individuals in 37 countries in early 2003. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : the Office for National Statistics reported 1,629 MRSA -related deaths in England and Wales during 2005, indicating a MRSA-related mortality rate half the rate of that in the United States for 2005, even though
4033-720: The World Trade Organization did not succeed in finding agreements to stretch the extent of free trade . The Doha Round of negotiations, launched in 2001 by the WTO to promote development, failed to be completed because of growing tensions between regional areas. Nor did the Cancún Conference in 2003 find a consensus on services trade and agricultural subsidies . The comparative rise of China, India, and other developing countries also contributed to their growing clout in international forums . In 2009, it
4142-699: The York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway . In 1854 the works moved to the Greenesfield site and became the manufacturing headquarters of North Eastern Railway . In 1909, locomotive construction was moved to Darlington and the rest of the works were closed in 1932. Robert Stirling Newall took out a patent on the manufacture of wire ropes in 1840 and in partnership with Messrs. Liddell and Gordon, set up his headquarters at Gateshead. A worldwide industry of wire-drawing resulted. The submarine telegraph cable received its definitive form through Newall's initiative, involving
4251-554: The mainland of the People's Republic of China (PRC) because of numerous alleged consumer safety issues. Events in the confidence crisis included recalls on consumer goods such as pet food , toys , toothpaste , lipstick , and a ban on certain types of seafood . Also included are reports on the poor crash safety of Chinese automobiles, slated to enter the American and European markets in 2008. This created adverse consequences for
4360-411: The service industry and well paid areas of the secondary sector such as engineering (which remains a major source of employment). Such commuter areas include Ryton, Rowlands Gill, Whickham and Low Fell. The borough is host to Tyne Yard , a major rail freight yard serving the North East. Gateshead Quayside, once dominated by industry, has benefited from significant investment and gentrification in
4469-554: The 1920s and 1930s created even more joblessness and the Team Valley Trading Estate was built in the mid-1930s to alleviate the situation. In the late noughties , Gateshead Council started to regenerate the town, with the long-term aim of making Gateshead a city. The most extensive transformation occurred in the Quayside , with almost all the structures there being constructed or refurbished in this time. In
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4578-447: The 1971 film Get Carter , starring Michael Caine . An unsuccessful campaign to have the structure listed was backed by Sylvester Stallone , who played the main role in the 2000 remake of the film. The car park was scheduled for demolition in 2009, but this was delayed as a result of a disagreement between Tesco , who re-developed the site, and Gateshead Council . The council had not been given firm assurances that Tesco would build
4687-485: The 2000s in the economic landscape was the long-time predicted breakthrough of economic giant China , whose GDP grew from 1.21 trillion to 5.1 trillion (in 2022 USD). To a lesser extent, India also benefited from an economic boom (growing from 438.39 billion to 1.34 trillion) which saw the two most populous countries becoming an increasingly dominant economic force. The rapid catching-up of emerging economies with developed countries sparked some protectionist tensions during
4796-476: The 2000s, especially with the success of 2001's Shrek and 2003's Finding Nemo , the latter becoming the best-selling DVD of all time. Anime films gained more exposure outside Japan with the release of Spirited Away . 2009's Avatar became the highest-grossing film . Documentary and mockumentary films, such as March of the Penguins , Super Size Me , Borat and Surf's Up , were popular in
4905-560: The 2000s. 2004's Fahrenheit 9/11 by Michael Moore was the highest grossing documentary of all time. Online films became popular, and conversion to digital cinema started. Video game consoles released in this decade included the PlayStation 2 , Xbox , GameCube , Wii , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 ; while portable video game consoles included the Game Boy Advance , Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable . Wii Sports
5014-620: The Conqueror defeated the forces of Edgar the Ætheling and Malcolm king of Scotland ( Shakespeare 's Malcolm ) on Gateshead Fell (now Low Fell and Sheriff Hill ). During medieval times Gateshead was under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Durham . At this time the area was largely forest with some agricultural land. The forest was the subject of Gateshead's first charter, granted in the 12th century by Hugh du Puiset , Bishop of Durham. An alternative spelling may be "Gatishevede", as seen in
5123-494: The Derwent Valley and coal mining (across the borough). Shipbuilding on the Tyne was also a major source of employment. However, with the decline of these industries, Gateshead has attempted to re-invent itself. Although there are significant areas of deprivation in the borough, particularly in the centre and east, a number of towns and villages in the borough are popular with commuters and professionals who are employed in
5232-512: The English People as ad caput caprae ("at the goat's head"). This interpretation is consistent with the later English attestations of the name, among them Gatesheued ( c. 1190 ), literally "goat's head" but in the context of a place-name meaning 'headland or hill frequented by (wild) goats'. Although other derivations have been mooted, it is this that is given by the standard authorities. A Brittonic predecessor, named with
5341-464: The Indies, as well as flax, wine, and grain. He sold tea, sugar, chocolate, and tobacco. He operated the largest coal mines in the area, and was a leading salt producer. As the government's principal agent in the North country, he was in contact with leading ministers. William Hawks , originally a blacksmith , started business in Gateshead in 1747, working with the iron brought to the Tyne as ballast by
5450-884: The International Stadium, as well as this it was used in the 2006 Northern Conference champions in the British American Football League . Gateshead Leisure Centre is home to the Gateshead Phoenix Basketball Team. The team currently plays in EBL League Division 4. Home games are usually on a Sunday afternoon during the season, which runs from September to March. The team was formed in 2013 and ended their initial season well placed to progress after defeating local rivals Newcastle Eagles II and promotion chasing Kingston Panthers . In Low Fell there
5559-446: The Tyne colliers. Hawks and Co. eventually became one of the biggest iron businesses in the North , producing anchors, chains and so on to meet a growing demand. There was keen contemporary rivalry between 'Hawks' Blacks' and 'Crowley's Crew'. The famous 'Hawks' men' including Ned White, went on to be celebrated in Geordie song and story. In 1831 a locomotive works was established by the Newcastle and Darlington Railway, later part of
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#17327660346505668-561: The United States and the United Kingdom have been or are potentially affected. While global trade rose in the decade (partially driven by China's entry into the WTO in 2001), there was little progress in the multilateral trading system. International trade continued to expand during the decade as emerging economies and developing countries, in particular China and South-Asian countries, benefited low wages costs and most often undervalued currencies. However, global negotiations to reduce tariffs did not make much progress, as member countries of
5777-456: The banks of the Tyne at Ryton. Ryton Willows is 43 hectares of locally rare grassland and ponds located near to an affluent village with Georgian and Victorian houses. Because of this it is a Site of Special Scientific Interest . The Derwent Valley, in the south/south west of the borough, offers panoramic views and pleasant walks. It was in the Derwent Valley, near Rowlands Gill, that the Northern Kites Project re-introduced red kites . This
5886-545: The borough at both primary and secondary level. Results are well above average, with a number of outstanding schools. Gateshead has amongst the best primary and secondary schools in the country overall. A range of schools are present in Gateshead, including Jewish , Roman Catholic , Church of England , Methodist , and non-religious state schools . There is one independent school in the borough, Chase school in Whickham . Further independent schools can be found in Newcastle, Sunderland, and Tynedale. Gateshead town itself has
5995-408: The borough contains four parliamentary constituencies, Blaydon and Consett , Gateshead Central and Whickham , Jarrow and Gateshead East and Washington and Gateshead South . The Gateshead Central and Whickham constituency is the only one wholly in Gateshead. Its MP, first elected in 2024, is Mark Ferguson ( Labour ). The Blaydon and Consett constituency covers the west of the borough and Birtley to
6104-435: The borough's predominant religion was 80.25% Christian . Other statistics found 10.94% of no religion , 6.94 unstated, 0.82% Jewish and 0.60% Muslim . The 2011 census , stated that the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead was 67.0% Christian, 0.9% Muslim, 1.5% Jewish, 23.9% were not religious and 5.7% of the population refused to state their religion. The area was once dependent on heavy industry such as steel making in
6213-559: The borough. It is a part of the local development plan which is in conjunction with Newcastle city borough, and was created in the 1960s. Its stated aims are to: In the Gateshead borough boundary, as well as the aforementioned areas, it also surrounds the communities of Chopwell , Crawcrook , Greenside , High Spen , Kibblesworth , Lockhaugh, Rowlands Gill , Ryton , Sunniside , as well several small hamlets. Landscape features and facilities such as woods and nature reserves, local golf courses, Burdon Moor and Whinell Hill are also within
6322-504: The city's "great example", "an era that history will record as the beginning of a new Golden Age". Reactions of governments in all developed and developing countries against the economic slowdown were largely inspired by keynesian economics . The end of the decade was characterized by a Keynesian resurgence , while the influence and media popularity of left-wing economists Joseph Stiglitz and Paul Krugman (Nobel Prize recipients in 2001 and 2008, respectively) did not stop growing during
6431-412: The confidence in the safety and quality of mainland Chinese manufactured goods in the global economy. The decade was marked by two financial and economic crises. In 2001, the Dot-com bubble burst, causing turmoil in financial markets and a decline in economic activity in the developed economies, in particular in the United States. However, the impact of the crisis on the activity was limited thanks to
6540-529: The crisis of sovereign debt became particularly acute, first in Iceland , though as events of the early 2010s would show, it was not an isolated European example. Economic activity was severely affected around the world in 2008 and 2009, with disastrous consequences for carmakers . In 2007, the UK's Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown , delivered his final Mansion House speech as Chancellor before he moved into Number 10. Addressing financiers: "A new world order has been created", Everyone needed to follow
6649-446: The decade and began to replace " snail mail " as the primary way of sending letters and other messages to people in distant locations. Google , YouTube , Ask.com and Misplaced Pages emerged to become among the top 10 most popular websites. Amazon overtook eBay as the most-visited e-commerce site in 2008. AOL significantly declined in popularity throughout the decade, falling from being the most popular website to no longer being within
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#17327660346506758-440: The decade can be referred to as '01, '02, etc., pronounced oh-one, oh-two, etc. (2017) (1973–2016) (2015) (2008) (2007) (projected) The war on terror and War in Afghanistan began after the September 11 attacks in 2001. The International Criminal Court was formed in 2002. In 2003 a United States-led coalition invaded Iraq , and the Iraq War led to the end of Saddam Hussein 's rule as Iraqi President and
6867-428: The decade include: Prominent assassinations, targeted killings, and assassination attempts include: The 2000s experienced some of the worst and most destructive natural disasters in history. Antibiotic resistance is a serious and growing phenomenon in contemporary medicine and has emerged as one of the eminent public health concerns of the 21st century, particularly as it pertains to pathogenic organisms (the term
6976-490: The decade. Several international summits were organized to find solutions against the economic crisis and to impose greater control on the financial markets. The G20 became in 2008 and 2009 a major organization, as leaders of the member countries held two major summits in Washington in November 2008 and in London in April 2009 to regulate the banking and financial sectors, and also succeeding in coordinating their economic action and in avoiding protectionist reactions. From
7085-422: The deeper seams. William Cotesworth (1668-1726) was a prominent merchant based in Gateshead, where he was a leader in coal and international trade. Cotesworth began as the son of a yeoman and apprentice to a tallow - candler. He ended as an esquire, having been mayor, Justice of the Peace and sheriff of Northumberland. He collected tallow from all over England and sold it across the globe. He imported dyes from
7194-420: The demographics of Gateshead with the wider Metropolitan borough. The town's population in 2011 was 120,046 compared with 78,403 in 2001. This is due to a slight population increase and boundary and methodology changes since 2001. Felling used to be a separate urban subdivision and had a population of around 35,000, but now it is considered part of Gateshead town. The population of the 2011 census boundaries in 2001
7303-400: The early 2010s, regeneration refocused on the town centre. The £150 million Trinity Square development opened in May 2013, it incorporates student accommodation, a cinema, health centre and shops. It was nominated for the Carbuncle Cup in September 2014. The cup was however awarded to another development which involved Tesco , Woolwich Central . In 1835, Gateshead was established as
7412-461: The element *gabro- , 'goat' (c.f. Welsh gafr ), may underlie the name. Gateshead might have been the Roman-British fort of Gabrosentum . There has been a settlement on the Gateshead side of the River Tyne, around the old river crossing where the Swing Bridge now stands, since Roman times. The first recorded mention of Gateshead is in the writings of the Venerable Bede who referred to an Abbot of Gateshead called Utta in 623. In 1068 William
7521-481: The figures from the British source were explained to be high because of "improved levels of reporting, possibly brought about by the continued high public profile of the disease" during the time of the 2005 United Kingdom General Election . MRSA is thought to have caused 1,652 deaths in 2006 in UK up from 51 in 1993. The 2009 H1N1 (swine flu) flu pandemic was also considered a natural disaster. On October 25, 2009, U.S. President Barack Obama officially declared H1N1
7630-440: The green belt area. The town of Gateshead consists of the following districts. Some of them were once separate settlements that were absorbed by encroaching urban sprawl , while others consist entirely of retail, industrial and housing estates. Many of these areas overlap each other and their boundaries are by no means official or fixed. Gateshead is a Town (Urban Subdivision) in the Tyneside urban area . The table below compares
7739-429: The growth of the world economy lead to a significant growth of offshore outsourcing during the decade as many multinational corporations significantly increased subcontracting of manufacturing (and increasingly, services ) across national boundaries in developing countries and particularly in China and India, due to many benefits and mainly because the two countries which are the two most populous countries in
7848-468: The historical County Borough together with areas that the town has absorbed, including Dunston , Felling , Heworth , Pelaw and Bill Quay . Given the proximity of Gateshead to Newcastle, just south of the River Tyne from the city centre , it is sometimes incorrectly referred to as being a part of Newcastle. Gateshead Council and Newcastle City Council teamed up in 2000 to create a unified marketing brand name, NewcastleGateshead , to better promote
7957-470: The intervention of the central banks, notably the U.S. Federal Reserve System. Indeed, Alan Greenspan , leader of the Federal Reserve until 2006, cut the interest rates several times to avoid a severe recession, allowing an economic revival in the U.S. As the Federal Reserve maintained low interest rates to favor economic growth, a housing bubble began to appear in the United States. In 2007,
8066-470: The invention of the electric light bulb . The house was the first in the world to be wired for domestic electric light. In 1889 one of the largest employers ( Hawks, Crawshay and Sons ) closed down and unemployment has since been a burden. Up to the Second World War there were repeated newspaper reports of the unemployed sending deputations to the council to provide work. The depression years of
8175-415: The latter third of the decade were dominated by a worldwide economic downturn, which started with the crisis in housing and credit in the United States in late 2007 and led to the bankruptcy of major banks and other financial institutions. The outbreak of this global financial crisis sparked a global recession , beginning in the United States and affecting most of the industrialized world. The decade saw
8284-504: The much larger Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead . The town of Gateshead is in the North East of England in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear , and within the historic boundaries of County Durham . It is located on the southern bank of the River Tyne at a latitude of 54.57° N and a longitude of 1.35° W. Gateshead experiences a temperate climate which is considerably warmer than some other locations at similar latitudes as
8393-475: The old county borough of Gateshead had done prior to 1974. Some functions are provided across Tyne and Wear by joint committees with the other districts. The county of Tyne and Wear continues to exist as a ceremonial county for the purposes of lieutenancy, but has had no administrative functions since 1986. Since 1986, Gateshead Council has provided both district-level and county-level functions, with some services being provided through joint arrangements with
8502-504: The other Tyne and Wear councils. In 2024 a combined authority was established covering Gateshead, County Durham , Newcastle upon Tyne , North Tyneside , Northumberland , South Tyneside and Sunderland , called the North East Mayoral Combined Authority . It is chaired by the directly elected Mayor of the North East and oversees the delivery of certain strategic functions across the area. There
8611-470: The panelling installed by Robinson was later moved to the Shipley Art Gallery . Wailes sold Saltwell Towers to the corporation in 1876 for use as a public park, provided he could use the house for the rest of his life. For many years the structure was essentially an empty shell but following a restoration programme it was reopened to the public in 2004. The council sponsored the development of
8720-678: The past decade. It is now home to the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art and the Sage Gateshead . The area is also an important retail hub, with the largest shopping centre in the European Union , and second largest in Europe as a whole, the MetroCentre , situated adjacent to the A1 trunk road. Further retail, and a significant number of engineering companies are located in the Team Valley Trading Estate, which at one time
8829-434: The period and was partly responsible for an increase in energy and food prices at the end of the decade. The economic developments in the latter third of the decade were dominated by a worldwide economic downturn, which started with the crisis in housing and credit in the United States in late 2007, and led to the bankruptcy of major banks and other financial institutions. The outbreak of this global financial crisis sparked
8938-555: The previously envisioned town centre development which was to include a Tesco mega-store as well as shops, restaurants, cafes, bars, offices and student accommodation. The council effectively used the car park as a bargaining tool to ensure that the company adhered to the original proposals and blocked its demolition until they submitted a suitable planning application. Demolition finally took place in July–August 2010. The Derwent Tower , another well known example of brutalist architecture,
9047-417: The rise in interest rates and the collapse of the housing market caused a wave of loan payment failures in the U.S. The subsequent mortgage crisis caused a global financial crisis , because the subprime mortgages had been securitized and sold to international banks and investment funds. Despite the extensive intervention of central banks, including partial and total nationalization of major European banks,
9156-580: The rise of the Internet , which grew from covering 6.7% to 25.7% of the world population. This contributed to globalization during the decade, which allowed faster communication among people around the world; social networking sites arose as a new way for people to stay in touch from distant locations, as long as they had internet access . Myspace was the most popular social networking website until June 2009, when Facebook overtook it in number of American users. Email continued to be popular throughout
9265-455: The same time: Aside from Gateshead, the other districts had all been lower-tier district authorities subordinate to Durham County Council prior to the 1974 reforms. From 1974 until 1986 the borough council was a lower-tier district authority, with Tyne and Wear County Council providing county-level services. The county council was abolished in 1986, since when the borough council has provided both district-level and county-level services, as
9374-401: The south, and has been represented since 2017 by Liz Twist , also for Labour. The Jarrow and Gateshead East constituency takes in the very eastern tip of the borough, including Pelaw . It is represented by Kate Osborne (Labour). The Washington and Gateshead South constituency is represented by Sharon Hodgson (Labour). Gateshead has hosted two major political conferences. The first of these
9483-514: The summer months, and is home of the Gateshead Harriers athletics club. It is also host to rugby league fixtures, and the home ground of Gateshead Football Club . Gateshead Thunder Rugby League Football Club played at Gateshead International Stadium until its purchase by Newcastle Rugby Limited and the subsequent rebranding as Newcastle Thunder . Both clubs have had their problems: Gateshead A.F.C. were controversially voted out of
9592-513: The time, the UK's gold reserves were worth about US$ 6.5 billion, accounting for about half of the UK's US$ 13 billion foreign currency net reserves. Between 1999 and 2009, according to the World Bank statistics for GDP: The removal of trade and investment barriers , the growth of domestic markets , artificially low currencies , the proliferation of education , the rapid development of high tech and information systems industries and
9701-541: The top 10. Excite and Lycos fell outside the top 10, and MSN fell from the second to sixth most popular site, though it quadrupled its monthly visits. Yahoo! maintained relatively stable popularity, remaining the most popular website for most of the decade. The war on terror and War in Afghanistan began after the September 11 attacks in 2001. The International Criminal Court was formed in 2002. In 2003,
9810-481: The town centre (Bridges and Saltwell) have minority populations very similar to the national average. The Tyneside metropolitan area, which contains the borough of Gateshead, has a population of 829,300; the NewcastleGateshead urban core area has population of 480,400. The Metropolitan borough of Gateshead had a population of 200,214 in 2011. Gateshead is the main major area in the metropolitan borough and
9919-483: The town on its way between Newcastle Central and Chester-le-Street stations. There are presently no stations on this line within Gateshead, as Low Fell , Bensham and Gateshead West stations were closed in 1952, 1954 and 1965 respectively. Several major road links pass through Gateshead, including the A1 which links London to Edinburgh and the A184 which connects the town to Sunderland . Gateshead Interchange
10028-438: The town takes up around 60% of the borough's population. Other major areas in the borough include Whickham , Birtley , Blaydon-on-Tyne and Ryton . Gateshead is home to the MetroCentre , the largest shopping mall in the UK until 2008; and the Team Valley Trading Estate, once the largest and still one of the larger purpose-built commercial estates in the UK. The Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art has been established in
10137-639: The use of gutta-percha surrounded by strong wires. The first successful Dover – Calais cable on 25 September 1851, was made in Newall's works. In 1853, he invented the brake-drum and cone for laying cable in deep seas. Half of the first Atlantic cable was manufactured in Gateshead. Newall was interested in astronomy, and his giant 25-inch (640 mm) telescope was set up in the garden at Ferndene, his Gateshead residence, in 1871. J. B. Priestley , writing of Gateshead in his 1934 travelogue English Journey , said that "no true civilisation could have produced such
10246-402: The whole decade. It is also benefited from an economic boom, which saw the two most populous countries becoming an increasingly dominant economic force. The rapid catching-up of emerging economies with developed countries sparked some protectionist tensions during the period and was partly responsible for an increase in energy and food prices at the end of the decade. The economic developments in
10355-515: The whole of the Tyneside conurbation. Climate in this area has small differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round to meet the criterion for Oceanic climate, at least 30 mm per month. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ). The town is within the wider Tyne & Wear Green Belt, with its portion in much of its surrounding rural area of
10464-622: The words aught and nought respectively, both meaning zero . The noughties became a common name for the decade in the United Kingdom and in New Zealand and Australia. Although use of the word aught to refer to zero is not widespread in the United States, the use of aughts to identify the decade became common there. Other spoken-word possibilities included "two-thousands", "twenty hundreds", "ohs", "oh ohs", "double ohs", "zeros", and "double zeros". The years of
10573-533: The world population grew from 6.1 to 6.9 billion people. Approximately 1.35 billion people were born, and 550 million people died. Orthographically, the decade can be written as the "2000s" or the " '00s". In the English-speaking world, a name for the decade wasn't immediately accepted as it had been for other decades such as the 1980s and 1990s ('80s, '90s). The aughts ( American English ) or noughties ( British English ) arise from
10682-524: The world provide huge pools from which to find talent and as because both countries are low cost sourcing countries. As a result of this growth, many of these developing countries accumulated capital and started investing abroad. Other countries, including the United Arab Emirates , Australia, Brazil and Russia, benefited from increased demand for their mineral and energy resources that global growth generated. The hollowing out of manufacturing
10791-490: The world, with questions regarding the justification for certain U.S. actions leading to a loss of support for the American government, both in and outside the United States. The additional armed conflict occurred in the Middle East , including between Israel and Hezbollah , then with Israel and Hamas . The most significant loss of life due to natural disasters came from the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake , which caused
10900-516: Was 113,220, proving that there was some sort of population increase. In 2011, 8.0% of the population of Gateshead Town were from an ethnic minority group (non-indigenous), compared with only 6.0% for the surrounding borough. Despite the borough's low ethnic minority population compared with the England average of 20.2%, it has slightly more ethnic minorities than other boroughs in Tyne and Wear, such as Sunderland or North Tyneside, and two wards near
11009-451: Was Labour's spring conference, ahead of the 2005 general election . The Conservatives also held a conference at the Sage Gateshead in March 2008. The Conservatives do not have any councillors in Gateshead and at the time only had one MP in the whole of the north east region. That conference was seen as an attempt to connect to voters in the area. Gateshead has a number of schools across
11118-641: Was also designed by Owen Luder and stood in the neighbourhood of Dunston . Like the Trinity Car Park it also failed in its bid to become a listed building and was demolished in 2012. Also located in this area are the Grade II listed Dunston Staiths which were built in 1890. Following the award of a Heritage Lottery Fund grant of almost £420,000 restoration of the structure was planned in 2014 and completed by 2015. Gateshead International Stadium regularly holds international athletics meetings over
11227-540: Was an ancient borough , having been granted a charter in 1164 from Hugh Pudsey , the Bishop of Durham . The borough's functions were relatively limited until 1836, when it was made a municipal borough under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , which standardised how most boroughs operated across the country. When elected county councils were created in 1889, Gateshead was considered large enough to provide its own county-level services, and so it
11336-582: Was determined that the G20 , originally a forum of finance ministers and central bank governors, would replace the G8 as the main economic council. 2007 Chinese export recalls – in 2007, a series of product recalls and import bans were imposed by the product safety institutions of the United States , Canada , the European Union , Australia and New Zealand against products manufactured in and exported from
11445-538: Was felt in Japan and parts of the United States and Europe which had not been able to develop successful innovative industries. Opponents point out that the practice of offshore outsourcing by countries with higher wages leads to the reduction of their own domestic employment and domestic investment. As a result, many customer service jobs as well as jobs in the information technology sectors ( data processing , computer programming , and technical support ) in countries such as
11554-432: Was made a county borough , independent from the new Durham County Council , whilst remaining part of the geographical county of Durham . The modern borough of Gateshead was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , as one of five metropolitan boroughs within the new county of Tyne and Wear. The borough covered the whole area of five former districts and part of a sixth, which were all abolished at
11663-401: Was part of a national project to introduce the birds, that were once so commonplace across the country, back into the wild. This scheme has proven to be a success, with birds being spotted across the west of the borough, from Crawcrook to Rowlands Gill itself. The borough also contains one National Trust site, the expansive Gibside estate near Rowlands Gill, containing a stately home and
11772-490: Was the decade's best-selling console video game, while New Super Mario Bros. was the decade's best-selling portable video game. J. K. Rowling was the best-selling author in the decade overall thanks to the Harry Potter book series, although she did not pen the best-selling individual book, being second to The Da Vinci Code . Eminem was named the music artist of the decade by Billboard . During this decade,
11881-601: Was the largest industrial estate in Europe. Gateshead is home to the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art and the Sage Gateshead . The Anthony Gormley structure, the Angel of the North (the largest free standing sculpture in the United Kingdom) is in Gateshead. This puts Gateshead at the forefront of the arts both regionally and nationally. The Shipley Art Gallery , housing outstanding collections of contemporary craft, studio ceramics, paintings and decorative art,
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