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91-526: Nike, Inc. (stylized as NIKE ) is an American athletic footwear and apparel corporation headquartered near Beaverton, Oregon , United States. It is the world's largest supplier of athletic shoes and apparel and a major manufacturer of sports equipment , with revenue in excess of US$ 46 billion in its fiscal year 2022. The company was founded on January 25, 1964, as "Blue Ribbon Sports", by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight , and officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1971. The company takes its name from Nike ,

182-531: A grist mill with his brother near present-day Walker Road. His was the first land claim in the area. He was soon followed by Thomas Denney in 1848, who came to the area and built its first sawmill. In 1860, a toll plank road from Portland to Beaverton was completed over a trail called Canyon Road . After the American Civil War , numerous other settlers, including Joshua Welch, George Betts, Charles Angel, W. P. Watson, and John Henry, laid out what

273-483: A $ 12 billion share buyback, as well as a two-for-one stock split, with shares to begin trading at the decreased price on December 24. The split will be the seventh in company history. In June 2018, Nike announced it would initiate a $ 15 billion share buyback over four years, to begin in 2019 upon completion of the previous buyback program. For the fiscal year 2018, Nike reported earnings of US$ 1.933 billion, with annual revenue of US$ 36.397 billion, an increase of 6.0% over

364-592: A Bermudan subsidiary, Nike International Ltd. This transfer allowed the subsidiary to charge royalties to its European headquarters in Hilversum , Netherlands , effectively converting taxable company profits to an account payable in tax-free Bermuda . Although the subsidiary was effectively run by executives at Nike's main offices in Beaverton, Oregon—to the point where a duplicate of the Bermudan company's seal

455-404: A NAC. As of the census of 2020, there were 97,494 people. The racial makeup of the city was 59% Non-Hispanic White , 2.9% African American , 1.0% Native American , 12.2% Asian , 0.5% Pacific Islander , 8.7% from other races , and 12.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 18.1% of the population. As of 2020 the median income for a household in the city

546-620: A New York based company focused on digital sales and machine learning technology. Nike was made a member of the Dow Jones Industrial Average in 2013, when it replaced Alcoa . On December 19, 2013, Nike's quarterly profit rose due to a 13 percent increase in global orders for merchandise since April of that year. Future orders of shoes or clothes for delivery between December and April, rose to $ 10.4 billion. Nike shares (NKE) rose 0.6 percent to $ 78.75 in extended trading. In November 2015, Nike announced it would initiate

637-438: A combination of groundbreaking innovations including a full-length air cushioned sole, an external heel counter, a crashpad in the heel for shock absorption, and Fit Frame technology for a stable fit. In 2023, Nike told ESPN that it would cease using kangaroo skins in its products by the end of that year and debut "a new Nike-only, proprietary synthetic upper, [with] a new material that is a better performance solution and replaces

728-425: A distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger , making most sales at track meets out of Knight's automobile. According to Otis Davis , a University of Oregon student-athlete coached by Bowerman and Olympic gold medalist at the 1960 Summer Olympics , his coach made the first pair of Nike shoes for him, contradicting a claim that they were made for Phil Knight. According to Davis, "I told Tom Brokaw that I

819-564: A gray water treatment center. Nike is mainly owned by institutional investors, who hold around 68% of all shares. The 10 largest shareholders of Nike in early 2024 were: Nike has contracted with more than 700 shops around the world and has offices located in 45 countries outside the United States. Most of the factories are located in Asia, including Indonesia, China, Taiwan, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistan, Philippines, and Malaysia. Nike

910-565: A journalism major but switched to design after taking a design course to "fill an empty elective." She attained a bachelor in graphic design in 1971. It was here that she met Phil Knight, who was at the time teaching accounting classes at the university. Knight had overheard that Davidson was in search of extra funds for her to take oil painting classes, so he offered to pay Davidson to do some freelance work for his company, then they named Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS). Knight offered to pay Davidson $ 2 per hour (equivalent to $ 15 per hour in 2023) for

1001-625: A legal and lobbying effort to resist the annexation. The lobbying effort succeeded quickly, with the Oregon Legislative Assembly enacting Senate Bill 887, which prohibited Beaverton from annexing Nike without the company's consent. The bill also applied to property owned by Electro Scientific Industries , Columbia Sportswear , and Tektronix , and in August 2008 the Oregon Land Use Board of Appeals ruled that

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1092-457: A population of 400, was officially incorporated. Alonzo Cady, a local businessman, served as the first mayor. Many major roads in Beaverton are named for these early settlers. Beaverton was an early home to automobile dealerships. A Ford Motor Company dealership was established there in 1915; it was purchased by Guy Carr in 1923 and over the years Carr expanded it into several locations throughout Beaverton. There are still several dealerships near

1183-478: A regional early release were known as Quickstrikes , and became highly desirable items for teenage members of the sneakerhead subculture . By the 1990s and 2000s , American and European teenagers associated with the preppy or popular clique began combining these sneakers, leggings , sweatpants, crop tops , and tracksuits with regular casual chic street clothes such as jeans, skirts, leg warmers , slouch socks , and bomber jackets . Particularly popular were

1274-571: A shape inspired by the wings of the Greek goddess Nike. "Well, I don't love it", Knight told her, "but maybe it will grow on me." Once the choice was made, Davidson asked for more time to refine the work she had done on the Swoosh; however, Knight stated that the company had production deadlines to meet and needed the logo as soon as possible. For her services, the company paid her $ 35 (equivalent to $ 263 in 2023) citing that she worked 17.5 hours on creating

1365-527: A small portion bordering Portland . The city is among the main cities that make up the Portland metropolitan area . Its population was 97,494 at the 2020 census , making it the second most populous city in the county and the seventh-most populous city in Oregon . Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro . According to Oregon Geographic Names , Beaverton's name

1456-827: A speakeasy bar, and an event venue. Adjacent to The Round, the 550 seat Patricia Reser Center for the Arts opened in 2022, and was made possible by pledges from the Beaverton Arts Foundation and Pat Reser along with public sources. The groundbreaking was performed on November 13, 2019. In addition to the Reser Center, a new 125-room hotel opened next to The Round in February 2021. The performing arts center, apartments, city hall, hotel, MAX light rail station, plazas, food carts, and nearby businesses are collectively known as Downtown Beaverton. Beaverton covers

1547-473: A status symbol in modern urban fashion and hip-hop fashion due to its association with success in sport. Beginning in the 1980s, various items of Nike clothing became staples of mainstream American youth fashion , especially tracksuits, shell suits , baseball caps , Air Jordans , Air Force 1's, and Air Max running shoes with thick, air cushioned rubber soles and contrasting blue, yellow, green, white, or red trim. Limited edition sneakers and prototypes with

1638-805: A total area of 19.7 square miles (51 km ), all of it land except for small creeks, ponds, and lakes. The city is located along the eastern edge of the Tualatin Valley just west of the Tualatin Mountains . It is bordered by Portland to the east, Hillsboro to the west, and Tigard to the south. Much of the remaining area surrounding Beaverton in the north and southwest constitutes unincorporated Washington County land. The elevation within city limits ranges from as high as 698.2 feet (212.8 m) above sea level to as low as 131.7 feet (40.1 m) above sea level. The city averages at 189 feet (58 m) above sea level. The city of Beaverton

1729-739: Is "squishier, bouncier, and lighter" than foams in typical running shoes. In the middle of the ZoomX foam there is a full-length carbon fiber plate "designed to generate extra spring in every step". At the time of this writing Nike had just released its newest product from the Vaporfly line, the Nike ZoomX Vaporfly NEXT%, which was marketed as "the fastest shoe we’ve ever made" using Nike's "two most innovative technologies, Nike ZoomX foam and VaporWeave material". The Nike brand, with its distinctive " Swoosh " logo, quickly became regarded as

1820-533: Is 3000 yuan per month. The factory employs 70,000 people. This practice was in place for nearly 20 years. On November 5, 2017, the Paradise Papers , a set of confidential electronic documents relating to offshore investment , revealed that Nike is among the corporations that used offshore companies to avoid taxes. Appleby documents detail how Nike boosted its after-tax profits by, among other maneuvers, transferring ownership of its Swoosh trademark to

1911-564: Is Lacey Beaty, who was first elected in 2020. The Beaverton City Council consists of six councilors. The Mayor and City Councilors are all elected at large to serve four-year terms in a council-manager form of government where the Beaverton City Council and Mayor hire a city manager who is the administrative head of the city. The Howard M. Terpenning Recreation Complex , opened in 1978, features swimming, athletics, tennis, baseball, softball and basketball facilities. In 2014,

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2002-516: Is derived from the settlement's proximity to a large body of water resulting from beaver dams. The area of Tualatin Valley that became Beaverton was originally the home of a Native American tribe known as the Atfalati , which settlers mispronounced as Tualatin . The Atfalati population dwindled in the latter part of the 18th century, and the prosperous tribe was no longer dominant in the area by

2093-422: Is divided into 13 neighborhoods: Central Beaverton, Denney Whitford, Raleigh West, Five Oaks, Triple Creek, Greenway, Highland, Neighbors Southwest, Sexton Mountain, South Beaverton, Vose, West Beaverton, and West Slope . Each neighborhood runs a Neighborhood Association Committee (NAC) to discuss neighborhood affairs, with the exception of Five Oaks and Triple Creek, and Denney Whitford and Raleigh West each sharing

2184-1031: Is hesitant to disclose information about the contract companies it works with. However, due to harsh criticism from some organizations like CorpWatch, Nike has disclosed information about its contract factories in its Corporate Governance Report. In the 1990s, Nike received criticism for its use of sweatshops . Beginning in 1990, many protests occurred in big cities such as Los Angeles, Washington, DC and Boston in order to show public outcry for Nike's use of child labor and sweatshops. Nike has been criticized for contracting with factories (known as Nike sweatshops ) in countries such as China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Mexico. Vietnam Labor Watch, an activist group, has documented that factories contracted by Nike have violated minimum wage and overtime laws in Vietnam as late as 1996, although Nike claims that this practice has been stopped. As of July 2011, Nike stated that two-thirds of its factories producing Converse products still do not meet

2275-604: Is meant to exemplify passion, energy, and joy, while the white color represents nobility, charm and purity. Until 1995, the official Nike corporate logo for Nike featured the name "NIKE" in Futura Bold, all-caps font, cradled within the Swoosh. One of the most recognized logos in the world, the Nike brand was valued at $ 26 billion in 2015. Nike spends about 10% of its annual revenue on advertising and promotions. Harvard Business School professor Stephen A. Greyser has described

2366-615: Is not being used. In 2001, a BBC documentary uncovered occurrences of child labor and poor working conditions in a Cambodian factory used by Nike. The documentary focused on six girls, who all worked seven days a week, often 16 hours a day. In April 2014, one of the biggest strikes in mainland China took place at the Yue Yuen Industrial Holdings Dongguan shoe factory, producing amongst others for Nike. Yue Yuen did underpay an employee by 250 yuan (40.82 US Dollars) per month. The average salary at Yue Yuen

2457-452: Is now known as Beaverton hoping they could bring a railroad to an area once described as, "mostly swamps & marshes connected by beaver dams to create what looked like a huge lake." In 1872, Beaverton's first post office opened in a general store operated by Betts, who also served as the first postmaster of the community. Betts Street, where the current post office now stands, is named in honor of him. In 1893, Beaverton, which by that time had

2548-720: Is provided through Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue . EMS services are provided by Metro West Ambulance . Beaverton is served by transit bus , commuter rail , and light rail services operated by the Portland metropolitan area's regional transit agency, TriMet. MAX Light Rail serves the city with seven light rail stations; from west to east, they are: Elmonica/Southwest 170th Avenue , Merlo Road/Southwest 158th Avenue , Beaverton Creek , Millikan Way , Beaverton Central , Beaverton Transit Center , and Sunset Transit Center . The MAX Blue Line serves all seven stations while

2639-499: Is represented as a woman with wings dressed in a flowing robe, with a wreath in her outstretched hand. To represent her role as the messenger of victory, she is shown with the staff of Hermes . In Athens , the statue of Nike is portrayed without wings and is called Nike Apteron (Wingless Victory). Nike's wings were removed from the statue so she would not fly away, as the Athenians believed doing so would indicate her permanent stay in

2730-502: Is specifically barred from forcibly annexing the land that Nike and Columbia Sportswear occupy in Washington County for 35 years, while Electro Scientific Industries and Tektronix receive the same protection for 30 years. Nike is planning to build a 3.2 million square foot expansion to its World Headquarters in Beaverton. The design will target LEED Platinum certification and will be highlighted by natural daylight, and

2821-763: The "Blue Bus" lines . All four companies were replaced in 1970 by TriMet, which expanded bus service to cover more areas of Beaverton. The city is the location of a major freeway interchange for U.S. Route 26 (US 26; Sunset Highway) and Oregon Route 217 (OR 217). The Sunset Highway connects Beaverton to Hillsboro and the Oregon Coast to the west and Portland to the east. OR 217 travels from Beaverton south through Tigard and terminates at an interchange with Interstate 5 (I-5). Beaverton's sister cities are: Swoosh Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight founded Nike on January 25, 1964, as Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS). Upon changing its name to Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1971,

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2912-818: The International School of Beaverton , Arts and Communication Magnet Academy , and Beaverton Academy of Science and Engineering . Merlo Station High School is another alternative learning school within the district. Portions of Beaverton are in the Hillsboro School District and the Portland Public Schools school district. Private schools in the area include German American School , Holy Trinity School, Jesuit High School , Saint Cecilia Grade School, Southwest Christian School , Valley Catholic School , Willamette Valley Academy, and WoodHaven School. Fire protection

3003-583: The MAX Red Line serves only Beaverton Transit Center and Sunset Transit Center. Beaverton Transit Center, TriMet's busiest transit center, in addition to MAX, serves as a transit hub for bus routes mostly operating on the west side and as the northern terminus of WES Commuter Rail . Hall/Nimbus , the second station southbound on WES, is also located in Beaverton. Intercity bus services with stops in Beaverton include POINT and TCTD . Oregon Electric and Red Electric interurban lines once served

3094-784: The Nike+ product that monitors a runner's performance via a radio device in the shoe that links to the iPod nano . While the product generates useful statistics, it has been criticized by researchers who were able to identify users' RFID devices from 60 feet (18 m) away using small, concealable intelligence motes in a wireless sensor network . In 2004, Nike launched the SPARQ Training Program /Division. Some of Nike's newest shoes contain Flywire and Lunarlite Foam to reduce weight. The Air Zoom Vomero running shoe, introduced in 2006 and currently in its 11th generation, featured

3185-480: The Silicon Forest , Beaverton is the location of numerous technology organizations and companies, including Linux Technology Center of IBM, Tektronix , ADI formerly known as Maxim Integrated Products , VeriWave , Khronos Group and Oregon Technology Business Center (OTBC), a non-profit tech startup incubator. Phoenix Technologies operates its Northwestern Regional Office in Beaverton. According to

3276-613: The 19th century when settlers arrived. The tribe named their village Chakeipi, which translates to "place of the beaver", which early settlers referred to as "Beaverdam." Early settlers include the Hall Family from Kentucky , the Denneys who lived on their claim near present-day Scholls Ferry Road and Hall Blvd, and Orin S. Allen, from western New York. Lawrence Hall purchased 640 acres (2.6 km ) in Beaverdam in 1847 and built

3367-522: The 2000s. It sold Starter in 2007 and Bauer Hockey in 2008. The company sold Umbro in 2012 and Cole Haan in 2013. As of 2020, Nike owns only one subsidiary: Converse Inc. Nike acquired Zodiac, a consumer data analytics company, in March 2018. In August 2019, the company acquired Celect, a Boston-based predictive analytics company. In December 2021, Nike purchased RTFKT Studios, a virtual shoe company that makes NFTs. In February 2021, Nike acquired Datalogue,

3458-566: The Beaverton–Aloha Little League Intermediate baseball team won the state tournament and traveled to Nogales, Arizona to play in the regional tournament, where they accumulated a 2–2 record. In 2006, the Murrayhill Little League baseball team qualified for the 2006 Little League World Series , the first Oregon team in 48 years to go that far. Murrayhill advanced to the semi-finals before losing;

3549-514: The City of Beaverton since 1968. The Beaverton City Council annexed that property in May 2005, and Leupold & Stevens challenged that annexation. The company eventually won the legal fight in 2009 with the city, thus the company was de-annexed from the city. R.M. Wade & Co. , manufacturer of agricultural and irrigation equipment, is the oldest family-owned company in the state of Oregon. As part of

3640-401: The City's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the largest employers in the city are: Cedar Hills Crossing is a shopping mall within the city of Beaverton. Facilities include a variety of restaurants, big-box retailers, a bowling alley, and more. Progress Ridge Town Square is a lifestyle center also in Beaverton which includes shops and restaurants. The current mayor of Beaverton

3731-674: The Dunk Genesis Cryptokicks collection, which features over 20,000 NFTs. One design by Takashi Murakami was sold for $ 134,000 in April 2022. Nike's world headquarters are surrounded by the city of Beaverton but are within unincorporated Washington County . The city attempted to forcibly annex Nike's headquarters, which led to a lawsuit by Nike, and lobbying by the company that ultimately ended in Oregon Senate Bill 887 of 2005. Under that bill's terms, Beaverton

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3822-572: The East Coast, in Wellesley, Massachusetts . In 1971, Bowerman used his wife's waffle iron to experiment on rubber to create a new sole for track shoes that would grip but be lightweight and increase the runner's speed. Oregon's Hayward Field was transitioning to an artificial surface, and Bowerman wanted a sole which could grip to grass or bark dust without the use of spikes. Bowerman was talking to his wife about this puzzle over breakfast, when

3913-446: The Greek goddess of victory. Nike markets its products under its own brand, as well as Nike Golf, Nike Pro, Nike+ , Nike Blazers , Air Force 1 , Nike Dunk , Air Max , Foamposite, Nike Skateboarding , Nike CR7, and subsidiaries including Air Jordan and Converse . Nike also owned Bauer Hockey from 1995 to 2008, and previously owned Cole Haan , Umbro , and Hurley International . In addition to manufacturing sportswear and equipment,

4004-921: The Nike 6.0, Nike NYX, and Nike SB shoes, designed for skateboarding. Nike has recently introduced cricket shoes called Air Zoom Yorker, designed to be 30% lighter than their competitors'. In 2008, Nike introduced the Air Jordan XX3, a high-performance basketball shoe designed with the environment in mind. Nike's range of products include shoes, jerseys, shorts, cleats , baselayers , etc. for sports activities such as soccer, basketball, track and field, combat sports , tennis, American football , athletics, golf, ice hockey , and cross training for men, women, and children. Nike also sells shoes for activities such as skateboarding , baseball, cycling, volleyball, wrestling , cheerleading , lacrosse , cricket , aquatic activities, auto racing, and other athletic and recreational uses. Nike partnered with Apple Inc. to produce

4095-568: The Nike brand was valued at $ 29.6 billion. Nike ranked 89th in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. The company ranked 239th in the Forbes Global 2000 companies in 2024. Nike, originally known as Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS), was founded by University of Oregon track athlete Phil Knight and his coach, Bill Bowerman , on January 25, 1964. The company initially operated in Eugene , Oregon as

4186-559: The Nike logo. Runner Jeff Johnson was brought in to help market the new brand and was credited for coining the name “Nike”. It would bear the Swoosh newly designed by Carolyn Davidson . The Swoosh was first used by Nike on June 18, 1971, and was registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on January 22, 1974. In 1976, the company hired John Brown and Partners, based in Seattle, as its first advertising agency . The following year,

4277-550: The Swoosh, although Davidson said that she is certain she worked more hours on the design. The Swoosh was officially trademarked on June 18, 1971 and in June 1972, at the U.S. Track and Field Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon , Nike's first official track shoe, the Nike Cortez , was released to the athletes sporting the new Swoosh. Davidson continued working for Blue Ribbon Sports (it officially became Nike, Inc. in 1972) until

4368-437: The Swoosh. The Swoosh has appeared alongside the trademark "Just Do It" since 1988. Together, these two make up the core of Nike's brand, and has been the face of the company, with many high-profile athletes and sports teams around the world sporting the logos. The Nike Swoosh corporate trademark was created in 1971 by Carolyn Davidson while she was a graphic design student at Portland State University. Davidson started as

4459-484: The agency created the first "brand ad" for Nike, called "There is no finish line", in which no Nike product was shown. By 1980, Nike had attained a 50% market share in the U.S. athletic shoe market, and the company went public in December of that year. Wieden+Kennedy , Nike's primary ad agency, has worked with Nike to create many print and television advertisements, and Wieden+Kennedy remains Nike's primary ad agency. It

4550-467: The bill also barred the city from annexing property belonging to Leupold & Stevens. (See below, under Economy.) Beaverton's legal efforts to annex Nike cost the city over one million dollars. The Oregon State Legislature has also passed legislation which redetermined Washington County's urban growth boundary to include more development. In 2018, the Metro Council voted to once again expand

4641-459: The city and Washington County announced an "interim plan" which would lead to Beaverton becoming the second-largest city in Oregon, second only to Portland. The "interim" plan actually covered a period of more than ten years; from the county's perspective, the plan supported its strategy of having cities and special districts provide urban services. The city of Beaverton also attempted to annex certain businesses, including Nike , which responded with

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4732-530: The city in the early 20th century. In the 1940s, Tualatin Valley Stages , a division of Portland Stages, Inc., provided limited bus transit service between the city and downtown Portland ; it operated later as a separate company, Tualatin Valley Buses, Inc., through the 1960s. This was one of four privately owned bus companies that served the Portland metropolitan area and were collectively known as

4823-556: The city's MAX Light Rail stations. The Round , a mixed-use development around Beaverton Central MAX Station on the site of a former sewer plant , was announced in 1996. In 2014, the City of Beaverton moved its city hall into The Beaverton Building, an office building in The Round. The Round currently consists of 24,000 square foot of retail space with 63 residential condominiums located above. BG's Food Cartel , Beaverton's first food cart pod, opened in 2018 and has 31 food carts,

4914-474: The city. A sculpture of Nike at Ephesus is said to contain the Swoosh in the flowing dress, but there is no evidence this is the origin of the design. In 2006, Lorillard (the previous owner of Newport) and Nike sued graphic designer Ari Saal Forman after he released his Ari Menthol 10s shoes, which combined the design of the Nike Air Force 1 with Newport's spinnaker and colors. According to Forman,

5005-436: The city. The population density was 4,794.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,851.2/km ). There were 39,500 housing units at an average density of 2,108.9 per square mile (814.3/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White , 2.6% African American , 0.6% Native American , 10.5% Asian , 0.5% Pacific Islander , 8.2% from other races , and 4.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 16.3% of

5096-472: The company adopted the Swoosh as its official logo the same year. Carolyn Davidson , a student at Portland State University during the time Knight taught there, created the logo, attempting to convey motion in its design. The logo has undergone minor changes from its original design in 1971, today most commonly seen as a solo swoosh, although for much of its history, the logo incorporated the NIKE name alongside

5187-420: The company on June 30, 2016. In a company public announcement on March 15, 2018, Nike CEO Mark Parker said Trevor Edwards, a top Nike executive who was seen as a potential successor to the chief executive, was relinquishing his position as Nike's brand president and would retire in August. In October 2019, John Donahoe was announced as the next CEO, and succeeded Parker on January 13, 2020. In November 2019,

5278-463: The company operates retail stores under the Niketown name. Nike sponsors many high-profile athletes and sports teams around the world, with the highly recognized trademarks of " Just Do It " and the Swoosh logo. As of 2024, it employed 83,700 people worldwide. In 2020, the brand alone was valued in excess of $ 32 billion, making it the most valuable brand among sports businesses. Previously, in 2017,

5369-686: The company stopped selling directly through Amazon , focusing more on direct relationships with customers. Nike has acquired and sold several apparel and footwear companies over the course of its history. Its first acquisition was the upscale footwear company Cole Haan in 1988, followed by the purchase of Bauer Hockey in 1994. In 2002, Nike bought surf apparel company Hurley International from founder Bob Hurley. In 2003, Nike paid US$ 309 million to acquire sneaker company Converse . The company acquired Starter in 2004 and soccer uniform maker Umbro in 2007. In order to refocus its business lines, Nike began divesting itself of some of its subsidiaries in

5460-679: The company's standards for worker treatment. A July 2011 Associated Press article stated that employees at the company's plants in Indonesia reported constant abuse from supervisors. During the 1990s, Nike faced criticism for the use of child labor in Cambodia and Pakistan in factories it contracted to manufacture soccer balls. Although Nike took action to curb or at least reduce the practice, they continue to contract their production to companies that operate in areas where inadequate regulation and monitoring make it hard to ensure that child labor

5551-409: The design demands of the growing company exceeded one person's capacity. In 1976, the company hired its first external advertising agency, John Brown and Partners, and Davidson went on to work on other clients' needs. In September 1983, Knight gave Davidson a golden Swoosh ring with an embedded diamond and 500 shares of Nike stock (which have since split into 32,000 shares) to express his gratitude. Of

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5642-577: The gift, Davidson says, "this was something rather special for Phil to do, because I originally billed him and he paid that invoice." Davidson went on to be known as "The Logo Lady". She said that she is not a millionaire but lives comfortably. Davidson retired in 2000 and now engages in hobbies and volunteer work, including at the Ronald McDonald House at Legacy Emanuel Hospital & Health Center in Oregon . Nike co-founder Phil Knight

5733-553: The intellectual property from the Bermudan company to a Dutch commanditaire vennootschap or limited partnership, Nike Innovate CV. Dutch law treats income earned by a CV as if it had been earned by the principals, who owe no tax in the Netherlands if they do not reside there. Beaverton, Oregon Beaverton is a city in the Tualatin Valley , located in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon , with

5824-552: The intersection of Walker and Canyon Roads. In the early 1920s, Beaverton was home to Premium Picture Productions , a movie studio which produced about fifteen films. The studio site was later converted into Watt's Field and associated aircraft manufacturing facilities. A second Beaverton airport, Bernard's Airport , was later developed farther north, at the present location of the Cedar Hills Crossing mall. The town's first library opened in 1925. Originally on

5915-565: The largest athlete endorsement deals in sports history. Nike is the winged goddess of victory in Greek mythology , who sat at the side of Zeus in Olympus. Nike is said to have presided over history's earliest battlefields as she flew around rewarding the victors with glory and fame, symbolized by a wreath of leaves. She was often found next to the goddess of wisdom, Athena, who is said to never put up with defeat. In statues and paintings Nike

6006-880: The last words spoken by Gary Gilmore before he was executed. Nike manufactured its first uniforms for a professional sports team in 1979 when its jersey for the Portland Timbers of the North American Soccer League debuted. Throughout the 1980s, Nike expanded its product line to encompass many sports and regions throughout the world. In 1990, Nike moved into its eight-building World Headquarters campus in Beaverton, Oregon. The first Nike retail store, dubbed Niketown, opened in downtown Portland in November of that year. Phil Knight announced in mid-2015 that he would step down as chairman of Nike in 2016. He officially stepped down from all duties with

6097-472: The latter attempted a takeover of BRS by extending an ultimatum proposal that would give the Japanese company 51 percent of BRS. In 1972, the relationship between BRS and Onitsuka Tiger came to an end. BRS prepared to launch its own line of footwear. The previous year, it was already able to place from two Japanese shoe manufacturers the company's first independent order for 20,000, which included 6,000 that had

6188-607: The logo as "the living, vibrant symbol of the firm". Nike has prominently featured the Swoosh logo in its advertising. The endorsements of Romanian tennis player Ilie Năstase and distance runner Steve Prefontaine kicked off Nike's brand sponsorships; today hundreds of athletes endorse the company. Nike's contracts with Michael Jordan , LeBron James and Kobe Bryant in basketball , Shane Warne (until 2001) in cricket , Cathy Freeman in athletics , Cristiano Ronaldo in football , Tiger Woods in golf , and Roger Federer (until 2018) and Rafael Nadal in tennis are among

6279-440: The population. There were 37,213 households, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.1% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

6370-641: The previous fiscal cycle. Nike's shares traded at over $ 72 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$ 114.5 billion in October 2018. In February 2020, the company said that roughly 75% of Nike stores in Greater China had closed due to the COVID-19 outbreak. In March 2020, Nike reported a 5% drop in Chinese sales associated with stores' closure. It was the first decrease in six years. At

6461-506: The same time, the company's online sales grew by 36% during Q1 of 2020. Also, the sales of personal training apps grew by 80% in China. Nike produces a wide range of sports equipment and apparel. Their first products were track running shoes. Nike Air Max is a line of shoes first released by Nike, Inc. in 1987. Additional product lines were introduced later, such as Air Huarache, which debuted in 1992. The most recent additions to their line are

6552-705: The second floor of the Cady building, it has been moved repeatedly; in 2000 it was moved to its current location on Hall Boulevard and 5th Street. A branch location was opened for the first time in June 2010, when the Murray-Scholls location opened near the Murrayhill neighborhood. The Beaverton libraries and 15 other local libraries participate in the Washington County Cooperative Library Services . In December 2004,

6643-660: The shoes featured in Back to the Future Part II , it had a preliminary limited release, only available by auction with all proceeds going to the Michael J. Fox Foundation . This was done again in 2016. Nike have introduced a premium line, focused more on streetwear than sports wear called NikeLab. In March 2017, Nike announced its launch of a plus-size clothing line, which will feature new sizes 1X through 3X on more than 200 products. Another significant development at this time

6734-455: The shoes were "dedicated to the two brands who have taken the most and given the least." As a result of the lawsuit, Forman is not legally allowed to own a pair of Menthol 10s. In 2021, Nike sued the art collective MSCHF for the " Satan Shoes ", a modified version of Nike Air Max 97 with explicitly Satanic imagery. Nike claimed trademark infringement and that its brand was being erroneously linked to Satanism. A US district judge ruled that

6825-457: The sole plus a moisture wicking upper weave. Later, Nike Elite socks became available in bright colors inspired by throwback basketball uniforms , often with contrasting bold abstract designs, images of celebrities, and freehand digital print to capitalise upon the emerging nostalgia for 1990s fashion . In 2015, a new self-lacing shoe was introduced. Called the Nike Mag , which are replicas of

6916-804: The sport of curling , the Evergreen Curling Club. In January 2017, the Evergreen Curling Club hosted the United States Curling Association Senior Women's National Championship. The public schools serving most of Beaverton are part of the Beaverton School District . There are six public high schools in the district – Aloha High School , Beaverton High School , Mountainside High School , Southridge High School , Sunset High School , and Westview High School . It also has several public option schools serving grades 6-12 like

7007-451: The stripe conveyed motion and did not look similar to the three stripes of Adidas . Over the ensuing weeks, she created at least a half-dozen marks and gathered them together to present to Knight, Bob Woodell and Jeff Johnson (two BRS executives) at the company's home office, at the time, it was located in Tigard, Oregon . They ultimately selected the mark now known globally as the Swoosh,

7098-553: The third-place game was rained out and not rescheduled. In addition, a Junior Softball team from Beaverton went to 2006 World Series in Kirkland, Washington , ending in sixth place. In 2002, Beaverton's Little League Softball team took second place to Waco, Texas, in the Little League Softball World Series. In January 2013, Beaverton became the first city in Oregon to have an ice rink dedicated to

7189-418: The unisex spandex Nike Tempo compression shorts worn for cycling and running, which had a mesh lining, waterproofing, and, later in the 2000s, a zip pocket for a Walkman or MP3 player . From the late 2000s into the 2010s, Nike Elite basketball socks began to be worn as everyday clothes by hip-hop fans and young children. Originally plain white or black, these socks had special shock absorbing cushioning in

7280-579: The urban growth boundary to include the Cooper Mountain urban reserve area. In 2016, voters approved a $ 35 million bond for a new 75,000-square-foot (7,000 m ) Public Safety Center built to withstand a major earthquake. The center, which opened in fall of 2020, now houses the city's Emergency Management and Police Departments. Construction began in September 2018. The city has tried to encourage transit-oriented development around

7371-565: The use of kangaroo leather." The Nike Vaporfly first came out in 2017 and their popularity, along with its performance, prompted a new series of running shoes. The Vaporfly series has a new technological composition that has revolutionized long-distance running since studies have shown that these shoes can improve marathon race time up to 4.2%. The composition of the sole contains a foamy material, Pebax, that Nike has altered and now calls it ZoomX (which can be found in other Nike products as well). Pebax foam can also be found in airplane insulation and

7462-453: The waffle iron idea came into play. Bowerman's design led to the introduction of the "Moon Shoe" in 1972, so named because the waffle tread was said to resemble the footprints left by astronauts on the Moon. Further refinement resulted in the "Waffle Trainer" in 1974, which helped fuel the explosive growth of Blue Ribbon Sports/Nike. Tension between BRS and Onitsuka Tiger increased in 1971 as

7553-550: The work that she completed. For seven years after its founding in 1964, BRS primarily imported Onitsuka Tiger brand running shoes from Japan . In 1971, Knight decided to launch his own brand of shoes, which would first appear as cleated shoes for football or soccer, and had a factory in Mexico ready to make the shoes. All Knight needed was a "stripe"—the industry term for a shoe logo—to go with his new brand, so he approached Davidson for design ideas. He had asked Davidson to make sure

7644-565: Was Miles Nadal , a Canadian investor and car collector, who had just paid $ 850,000 for a group of 99 rare of limited collection pairs of sport shoes. The purchase price was the highest for one pair of sneakers, the previous record being $ 190,373 in 2017 for a pair of signed Converse shoes in California, said to have been worn by Michael Jordan during the 1984 basketball final of the Olympics that year. After acquiring RTFKT, Nike launched

7735-430: Was $ 38,261, and the median income for a family was $ 71,806. Males had a median income of $ 41,683 versus $ 31,204 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 25,419. About 5.0% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 2010, there were 89,803 people, 37,213 households, and 21,915 families residing in

7826-567: Was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.03. The median age in the city was 34.7 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 33% were from 25 to 44; 24.5% were from 45 to 64; and 10.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female. Reser's Fine Foods , processor and distributor of freshly prepared foods, has headquartered in Beaverton since 1960. Leupold & Stevens , maker of rifle scopes and other specialty optics, has been located on property adjacent to

7917-415: Was adamant that his company's new logo be a simple design that is fluid and conveys motion and speed. The logo is also said to symbolize the wing of the Greek goddess of victory, Nike . When first released, the design was displayed in a variety of colors to stand out on the track from other shoe manufacturers. Nike primarily used the red and white color palette on its logo for much of its history. The red

8008-491: Was agency co-founder Dan Wieden who coined the now-famous slogan " Just Do It " for a 1988 Nike ad campaign, which was chosen by Advertising Age as one of the top five ad slogans of the 20th century and enshrined in the Smithsonian Institution . Walt Stack was featured in Nike's first "Just Do It" advertisement, which debuted on July 1, 1988. Wieden credits the inspiration for the slogan to "Let's do it",

8099-515: Was needed—for tax purposes the subsidiary was treated as Bermuda. Its profits were not declared in Europe and came to light only because of a mostly unrelated case in US Tax Court, where papers filed by Nike briefly mention royalties in 2010, 2011 and 2012 totaling $ 3.86 billion. Under an arrangement with Dutch authorities, the tax break was to expire in 2014, so another reorganization transferred

8190-507: Was the Chuck Taylor All-Star Modern , an update of the classic basketball sneaker that incorporated the circular knit upper and cushioned foam sole of Nike's Air Jordans. On July 23, 2019, a pair of Nike Inc. running shoes sold for $ 437,500 at a Sotheby's auction. The so-called "Moon Shoes" were designed by Nike co-founder and track coach Bill Bowerman for runners participating in the 1972 Olympics trials. The buyer

8281-682: Was the first. I don't care what all the billionaires say. Bill Bowerman made the first pair of shoes for me. People don't believe me. In fact, I didn't like the way they felt on my feet. There was no support and they were too tight. But I saw Bowerman made them from the waffle iron , and they were mine". In its first year in business, BRS sold 1,300 pairs of Japanese running shoes grossing $ 8,000. By 1965, sales had reached $ 20,000. In 1966, BRS opened its first retail store at 3107 Pico Boulevard in Santa Monica, California . In 1967, due to increasing sales, BRS expanded retail and distribution operations on

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