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14-536: SMAD may refer to: Soviet Military Administration in Germany , government of the Soviet occupation zone of Germany from May 1945 to October 1949 Solvated metal atom dispersion , a method of producing nanoparticles SMAD (protein) , proteins involved in cell signaling I-SMAD , inhibitory SMAD proteins R-SMAD , receptor regulated SMAD proteins Smad, Syria ,

28-682: A basis for the creation of a bloc of anti-fascist democratic parties (the Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party, the Centre Party and others) are used. We believe that such a block can form the solid foundation in the fight for the complete liquidation of the remnants of the Hitler regime and for the establishment of a democratic regime. In addition to the block at the zone level corresponding blocks were set up at

42-457: A village in southern Syria Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SMAD . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SMAD&oldid=1032251161 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

56-677: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Soviet Military Administration in Germany According to the Potsdam Agreement in 1945, the SMAD was assigned the eastern portion of present-day Germany, consisting mostly of central Prussia . Prussia was dissolved by the Allies in 1947 and this area was divided between several German states (Länder) . German lands east of

70-539: The Oder-Neisse line were annexed by Soviet Union or granted to Poland , and Germans living in these areas were forcibly expelled, having had their property expropriated and been robbed of most of their belongings whilst in transit to the American, British, and Soviet zones. The main purpose of the SMAD was to maintain the unity of Germany. It also had to deal with refugees, such as those resettled from Poland,

84-705: The October 1946 elections, the SED won in the East German states, but lost in Greater Berlin to the local SPD, which had not merged with the KPD there. In May 1949, when a West German government began to be formed, a German People's Congress ( Deutscher Volkskongreß ) was elected for the Soviet occupation zone. However, the only options voters had were to approve or reject "unity lists" of pre-picked candidates from

98-662: The Order № 2 of 10 of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany in June 1945, the formation and activity of anti-fascist parties in the Soviet Occupation Zone . With its call of 11 June 1945, the Communist Party came to Berlin as first advertised to the public and for cooperation: The Central Committee of Communist Party of Germany is in the opinion that the above program can be used as

112-584: The SMAD was abolished and replaced by the Soviet Control Commission ( Sowjetische Kontrolkommission – SKK). However, the SKK did not formally turn over administrative responsibilities to the GDR government until 11 November 1949. Democratic Bloc (East Germany) The Democratic Bloc of Parties and Mass Organisations ( German : Demokratischer Block der Parteien und Massenorganisationen )

126-694: The Soviet concept of the future Communist Party saw as a government. After the unconditional surrender of the Wehrmacht on 8 May 1945 and the Berlin Declaration of the Commander in Chief of the four victorious powers of 5 June 1945 all political activity was prohibited in all zones of occupation. After consultation by Anton Ackermann, and Walter Ulbricht Gustav Sobottka on 4 June 1945 in Moscow allowed

140-522: The guise of confiscation of the property of Nazi war criminals . The SMAD set up ten "special camps" for the detention of Germans, some of them former Nazi concentration camps . In 1947, they started prosecuting Nazi crimes based on the SMAD Directive 201 with 8,300 verdicts passed. A decree of 10 June 1945 allowed for the formation of antifascist democratic political parties and called for elections in October 1946. A coalition of four parties

154-698: The homeless, and former German soldiers. Resources were short, and the economy needed to be shifted from wartime production to peacetime. However, the Soviets were also concerned with their own well-being, and dismantled entire factories and railroads to be reassembled in the USSR. In late 1945 a land reform confiscated the land of German nobles ( Junker ) , to be given to cottagers and landless farmhands. Banks were also nationalized that year. In 1946 an education reform established separation of church and state in elementary schools, and heavy industries were nationalized under

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168-769: The various parties, largely made up of communists. About two-thirds of East Germans approved the list for the new Congress. In November 1948, the German Economic Commission ( Deutsche Wirtschaftskommission – DWK) assumed administrative authority in East Germany under Soviet supervision. On 7 October 1949, the German People's Congress formed a provisional government and established the German Democratic Republic with Wilhelm Pieck as its first president. On 5 November 1949,

182-728: Was a national popular front of political parties and organizations in Soviet-occupied East Germany and the first years of the German Democratic Republic . In parallel with the working staff of the CPSU European Advisory Commission commissioned in early 1944 to develop the exiled Communist Germany own political concept. A first draft was on 6 March 1944 on a working session of the exiled Communist Party presented by Wilhelm Florin . The guidelines developed by

196-782: Was formed in July, consisting of the Communist (KPD), Social Democratic (SPD), Liberal Democratic and (eastern) Christian Democratic (CDU) parties. This coalition was known as the Democratic Bloc , which would be succeeded by the National Front in 1950. In April 1946 the KPD and SPD merged under Soviet pressure into the Socialist Unity Party of Germany ( Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands – SED). In

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