24-669: The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( SMPTE ) ( / ˈ s ɪ m p t iː / , rarely / ˈ s ʌ m p t iː / ), founded in 1916 as the Society of Motion Picture Engineers or SMPE, is a global professional association of engineers, technologists, and executives working in the media and entertainment industry. As an internationally recognized standards organization , SMPTE has published more than 800 technical standards and related documents for broadcast, filmmaking, digital cinema , audio recording , information technology (IT), and medical imaging. SMPTE also publishes
48-607: A professional body , professional organization , or professional society ) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession , the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest . In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms. The roles of professional associations have been variously defined: "A group of people in
72-408: A certain range of image editing operations to the raw image format provided by a photographer or an image bank. There is a range of proprietary and free and open-source software, running on a range of operating systems available to do this work. The first of post-production usually requires loading the raw images into the post-production software. If there is more than one image, and they belong to
96-415: A film usually takes longer than the actual shooting of the film. It can take several months to complete, because it includes the complete editing, color correction, and the addition of music and sound. The process of editing a movie is also seen as the second directing, because through post-production it is possible to change the intention of the movie. Furthermore, through the use of color grading tools and
120-457: A learned occupation who are entrusted with maintaining control or oversight of the legitimate practice of the occupation;" also a body acting "to safeguard the public interest;" organizations which "represent the interest of the professional practitioners," and so "act to maintain their own privileged and powerful position as a controlling body." Professional associations are ill defined although often have commonality in purpose and activities. In
144-443: A profession or group of professions and protect the use of professional titles" and professional bodies that "are independent membership organisations that oversee the activities of a particular profession and represent the interests of [their] members" and which "may offer registration or certification of unregulated occupations on a voluntary basis." Many professional bodies are involved in accrediting degrees, defining and examining
168-626: A second meeting scheduled, invitations were telegraphed to Jenkin’s industry friends, i.e., key players and engineering executives in the motion picture industry. Three months later, 26 attended the first “official” meeting of the Society, the SMPE, at the Hotel Astor in New York City, on 2 and 3 October 1916. Jenkins was formally elected president, a constitution ratified, an emblem for the Society approved, and six committees established. At
192-501: A set, ideally post-producers try to equalize the images before loading them. After that, if necessary, the next step would be to cut the objects in the images with the Pen Tool for a perfect and clean cut. The next stage would be cleaning the image using tools such as the healing tool, clone tool, and patch tool. The next stages depend on what the client ordered. If it is a photo montage, the post-producers would usually start assembling
216-595: The SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal , provides networking opportunities for its members, produces academic conferences and exhibitions, and performs other industry-related functions. SMPTE membership is open to any individual or organization with an interest in the subject matter. In the US, SMPTE is a 501(c)3 non-profit charitable organization. An informal organizational meeting was held in April 1916 at
240-795: The Astor Hotel in New York City. Enthusiasm and interest increased, and meetings were held in New York and Chicago, culminating in the founding of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers in the Oak Room of the Raleigh Hotel, Washington DC on the 24th of July. Ten industry stakeholders attended and signed the Articles of Incorporation. Papers of incorporation, were executed on 24 July 1916, were filed on 10 August in Washington DC. With
264-521: The UK the Science Council defines a professional body as "an organisation with individual members practicing a profession or occupation in which the organisation maintains an oversight of the knowledge, skills, conduct and practice of that profession or occupation". The Quality Assurance Agency distinguishes between statutory bodies and regulators that "have powers mandated by Parliament to regulate
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#1732779563066288-615: The July 1917 Society Convention in Chicago, a set of specifications including the dimensions of 35 mm film, 16 frames per second, etc. were adopted. SMPE set and issued a formal document reached by consensus, its first as an accredited Standards Development Organization (SDO), registering the specifications with the United States Bureau of Standards . The SMPTE Centennial Gala took place on Friday, 28 October 2016, following
312-504: The SMPTE 3D Home Master. In 1999, SMPTE established the DC28 technology committee, for the foundations of Digital Cinema. The SMPTE presents awards to individuals for outstanding contributions in fields of the society. Recipients include: The Progress Medal, instituted in 1935, is SMPTE's oldest and most prestigious medal, and is awarded annually for contributions to engineering aspects of
336-436: The SMPTE website, or other distributors of technical standards. Standards documents may be purchased by the general public. Significant standards promulgated by SMPTE include: SMP(T)E'S first standard was to get everyone using 35-mm film width, four sprocket holes per frame, 1.37:1 picture ratio. Until then, there were competing film formats. With the standard, theaters could all run the same films. SMP(T)E's standard in 1927
360-712: The US and Australia and the SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal . The society sponsors many awards, the oldest of which are the SMPTE Progress Medal, the Samuel Warner Memorial Medal, and the David Sarnoff Medal. SMPTE also has a number of Student Chapters and sponsors scholarships for college students in the motion imaging disciplines. SMPTE standards documents are copyrighted and may be purchased from
384-562: The addition of music and sound, the atmosphere of the movie can be heavily influenced. For instance, a blue-tinted movie is associated with a cold atmosphere. The choice of music and sound increases the effect of the scenes shown to the audience. In television, the phases of post-production include: editing, video editing, color correction, assembly, sound editing, re-recording, animation and visual effects insertions, combining separately edited audio and video tracks back together and delivery for broadcast. Professional post-producers usually apply
408-590: The annual Conference and Exhibition; James Cameron and Douglas Trumbull received SMPTE’s top honors. SMPTE officially bestowed Honorary Membership, the Society’s highest honor, upon Avatar and Titanic director Cameron in recognition of his work advancing visual effects (VFX), motion capture , and stereoscopic 3D photography, as well as his experimentation in HFR . Presented by Oscar-winning special effects cinematographer Richard Edlund , SMPTE honored Trumbull, who
432-502: The different images into the final document, and start to integrate the images with the background. In advertising, it usually requires assembling several images together in a photo composition. Types of work usually done: Techniques used in music post-production include comping (short for compositing, or compiling the best portions of multiple takes into a single composite take), timing and pitch correction (perhaps through beat quantization ), and adding effects . This process
456-444: The film and/or television industries. Recipients include: The Eastman Kodak Gold Medal, instituted in 1967, recognizes outstanding contributions which lead to new or unique educational programs utilizing motion pictures, television, high-speed and instrumentation photography or other photography sciences. Recent recipients are Related organizations include Professional association A professional association (also called
480-421: The post-production process, non-linear (analog) film editing, has mostly been replaced by digital or video editing software , which operates as a non-linear editing (NLE) system. The advantage of non-linear editing is the ability to edit scenes out of order, thereby making creative changes at will. This flexibility facilitates carefully shaping the film in a thoughtful, meaningful way for emotional effect. Once
504-472: The production team is satisfied with the picture editing, the editing is said to be locked . At this point the turnover process begins, in which the picture is prepared for lab and color finishing, and the sound is spotted and turned over to the composer and sound designers for sound design, composing, and sound mixing. Post-production consists of many different processes grouped under one name. These typically include: The post-production phase of creating
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#1732779563066528-721: The skills and competencies necessary to practice, and granting professional certifications to indicate that a person is qualified in the subject area. Many professional bodies also act as learned societies for the academic disciplines underlying their professions, such as the American Statistical Association . Post-production Post-production is part of the process of filmmaking , video production , audio production , and photography . Post-production includes all stages of production occurring after principal photography or recording individual program segments. The traditional first part of
552-412: Was for speed at which sound film is shown, 24 frames per second. SMPTE's taskforce on "3D to the home" produced a report on the issues and challenges and suggested minimum standards for the 3D home master that would be distributed after post-production to the ingest points of distribution channels for 3D video content. A group within the standards committees has begun to work on the formal definition of
576-616: Was responsible for the VFX in 2001: A Space Odyssey and Blade Runner , with the Society’s most prestigious medal award, the Progress Medal. The award recognized Trumbull’s contributions to VFX, stereoscopic 3D, and HFR cinema, including his current work to enable stereoscopic 3D with his 120-frames-per-second Magi system. SMPTE's educational and professional development activities include technical presentations at regular meetings of its local Sections, annual and biennial conferences in
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