The M-11 Shtorm ( Russian : М-11 «Шторм» ; English: Storm ) is a Soviet naval surface-to-air missile system. Its GRAU designation is 4K60 . Its NATO reporting name is SA-N-3 Goblet . The system was first installed on Moskva , an anti-submarine warfare carrier , which was commissioned in 1967, but the system was not officially accepted into service until 1969. Unusually for such systems, it has no land-based counterpart. It was only deployed on Russian vessels, and was never used in combat.
15-632: Development of the M-11 Storm system was first authorised on 25 July 1959. Work was carried out by Scientific Research Institute 10 (NII-10) that was also working on the M-1 Volna system. It was originally intended to be installed on the Project 1126 warship, but both the ship and missile system were canceled in June 1961. However, the missile project was re-activated only a month later for installation in
30-478: A fire. Operational performance was disappointing with a practical maximum speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) and 24-knot (44 km/h; 28 mph) maximum sustainable speed. Sea keeping was also disappointing. Both vessels were part of the Black Sea Fleet . Leningrad was retired in 1991 and Moskva in 1996. Leningrad was scrapped in 1995 and Moskva in 1997. A third ship to be named Kiev
45-460: Is around 100–25,000 m (330–82,020 ft) and the earlier missiles have an engagement range of 3–30 km (1.9–18.6 mi) while the 41K65 extends the maximum range to 55 km (34 mi). Guidance is via radio command . The radar associated with the M-11 is known in the west as "Head Lights", often found in conjunction with a "Top Sail" search radar. The initial version of this system,
60-586: The 4K60 M-11 "Shtorm" with V611 missiles is known to the US DoD as the SA-N-3A . The upgraded version is the 4K65 "Shtorm-M" with V611M missiles and is designated the SA-N-3B . A total of 25 systems were produced and installed on the following classes of ships: Moskva-class helicopter carrier The Moskva class , Soviet designation Project 1123 Kondor ( condor ) and S-703 Project 1123M Kiev ,
75-615: The Moskva s had two twin SA-N-3 surface-to-air missile (SAM) launchers with reloads for a total of 48 surface-to-air missiles, along with two twin 57 mm (2.2 in) /80 guns. Gas turbines were considered but were as yet untried in such a large vessel. Instead a high pressure steam plant similar to that used by the Kynda-class cruisers was used. The machinery of Moskva had severe problems and had to be rebuilt in 1973 following
90-626: The Project 1123 Moskva -class helicopter carrier . The design was completed in April 1962, and included a modified version of the ZIF-101 launcher, that was used with the M-1 missile system. The launcher design proved to be impractical, the resulting redesign delayed production of prototypes until 1964. Between 1964 and 1966 sea trials were conducted on the missile testbed OS-24 which had previously been
105-465: The heavy cruiser Voroshilov . The system was installed on Moskva , which was commissioned on 25 December 1967, but development continued until 1969 when it was officially accepted into service. The 4K60/41K65 missiles are carried in pairs on rotating twin rail launchers and fly at between Mach 2 and 3. They are 610 cm (20.0 ft) long, weigh 1,844 kg (4,065 lb) each with an 80 kg (180 lb) warheads. The effective altitude
120-670: The NATO Polaris submarines – and to act as flagship for other ASW warships. As such the weapons and sensor suite was fully optimized against a nuclear submarine threat. Moreover, instead of serving as part of the nation's force projection, the Soviet doctrine called for the warships to serve in a strategic role that included defending the Soviet ballistic missile submarine bastions against incursions by Western attack submarines. SUW-N-1 The RPK-1 Vikhr NATO reporting name SUW-N-1 ( Russian : РПК-1 «Вихрь» - meaning Whirlwind)
135-482: Was a Soviet nuclear anti submarine missile system . FRAS-1 was the NATO code for the missile round itself. The development of the missile was ordered in 1960 in order to combat the new American nuclear submarines. The requirement was for an all weather weapon capable of reaching out to 20 km at speed. The first test was in 1964 and the system was installed on the Moskva class helicopter cruisers in 1967. The system
150-553: Was also installed on the Kiev class aircraft carriers . The systems were decommissioned in the 1990s. There were two models of launcher: A prototype launcher was mounted on the Petya class frigate SKR-1 for testing in 1964 The missile was a two-stage rocket with inertial guidance, which could not be corrected after launch. The missile carried a nuclear depth bomb warhead of up to 10 kilotons in yield. The warhead could detonate at
165-511: Was cancelled in 1969, which was to have been an anti-surface warfare vessel. The Moskva class was succeeded by the larger Kiev class . As a result, the Moskva-class shouldn't be seen as an "aircraft carrier" in the traditional sense, as it wasn't designed to carry any fixed-wing aircraft. Instead its air wing was composed entirely of helicopters. The vessels were also designed primarily for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) role – to counter
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#1732790670026180-427: Was commissioned in late 1968; there were no further vessels built, reportedly due to the poor handling of the ships in rough seas. Both were conventionally powered. The Moskva s were not true "aircraft carriers" in that they did not carry any fixed-wing aircraft ; the air wing was composed entirely of helicopters . They were designed primarily as anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessels, and her weapons and sensor suite
195-487: Was hoped to operate ten helicopters from an 8000-ton ship. The design evolved into a larger vessel capable of operating up to 14 helicopters with self defence armament. Shipboard ASW armament included a twin SUW-N-1 launcher capable of delivering a FRAS-1 projectile carrying a 450-millimetre (18 in) torpedo (or a 5 kiloton nuclear warhead); a pair of RBU-6000 ASW mortars; and a set of torpedo tubes . For self-defence,
210-494: Was optimized against the nuclear submarine threat. Their strategic role was to defend the Soviet ballistic missile submarine bastions against incursions by Western attack submarines , forming the flagships of an ASW task force. The operational requirement was issued by Admiral Sergey Gorshkov in 1959. The aim of the ships was to counter NATO Polaris submarines and act as a flagship for anti-submarine warfare. Initially it
225-612: Was the first class of operational aircraft carriers ( helicopter cruisers in the Soviet classification) built by the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy . These ships were laid down at Nikolayev South (Shipyard No.444) . The lead vessel was launched in 1965 and named Moskva ( Russian : Москва , lit. ' Moscow '); she entered service two years later. Moskva was followed by Leningrad ( Russian : Ленинград , lit. ' Leningrad ', which
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