The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC), the forerunner of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), was a memorandum of understanding on common economic development signed in Lusaka , Zambia , on 1 April 1980. It is formalised as the Lusaka Declaration (entitled Southern Africa: Towards Economic Liberation ) ratified by the nine signing states ( Angola , Botswana , Lesotho , Malawi , Mozambique , Swaziland , Tanzania , Zambia , Zimbabwe ). Some of the main goals for the Member States were to be less dependent on apartheid South Africa and to introduce programmes and projects which would influence the Southern African countries and whole region.
6-757: The Co-ordination Conference was a result of consultations in the late seventies. In May 1979 representatives of the Frontline States met in Gaborone and resolved that ministers of all member states should meet to discuss common economic development. This meeting materialised two months later in Arusha , where the formation of the SADCC was decided. The headquarters of the SADCC were located in Gaborone, Botswana, since 1982. The Declaration and Treaty establishing
12-857: The African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) to set up headquarters within their borders. The ANC was declared as the official representative of the South African People by the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity whilst its headquarters was officially in Lusaka. Thousands of South African youth traveled to these states to receive training in sabotage and guerrilla warfare. American relations with
18-591: The Frontline States reached their peak during the human rights push of the Carter administration . Under the Reagan administration 's Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Chester Crocker , the Frontline States were engaged diplomatically to reach landmark peace accords between South Africa, Mozambique, Angola ( Lusaka Protocol ), and Namibia ( New York Accords ). The term "frontline states"
24-598: The Frontline States – then consisting of Botswana, Lesotho, Tanzania and Zambia – were formally recognised as an entity as a committee of the Assembly of the Heads of State of the Organisation of African Unity . They were joined by Angola (1975), Mozambique (1975) and Zimbabwe (1980) when those countries gained their independence. Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere was the chairman until he retired in 1985. His successor
30-1195: The SADC, which replaced the Coordination Conference, was signed at the Summit of Heads of State or Government on 17 August 1992, in Windhoek , Namibia . This article about an organization in Africa is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Frontline States The Frontline States ( FLS ) were a loose coalition of African countries from the 1960s to the early 1990s committed to ending apartheid in South Africa and South West Africa (today Namibia ), and white minority rule in Rhodesia (today Zimbabwe ) to 1980. The FLS included Angola , Botswana , Lesotho , Mozambique (from 1975), Tanzania , Zambia , and Zimbabwe (from 1980). The FLS disbanded after Nelson Mandela became President of South Africa in 1994. In April 1975,
36-632: Was Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda . The countries' governments met regularly to coordinate security and economic policies. Their mission was complicated by the fact that the economies of nearly all the FLS countries were dependent on South Africa, and many of their citizens worked there. Nevertheless, the FLS supported and sheltered exiled political movements opposed to apartheid and white minority rule, not only from South Africa, but also from Namibia (and Rhodesia prior to 1980). These states provided asylum for exiled South African political activists and allowed
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