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22-537: [REDACTED] Look up SDF in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. SDF may refer to: Computing [ edit ] File formats [ edit ] Simple Data Format , for binary data Spatial Data File , for geodatabases Standard Delay Format , for timing data SQL Server Compact Edition Database File (filename extension: .sdf ) Structure data file , for chemical tables Scientific Data Format,

44-471: A Hierarchical Data Format implementation Formal computer science [ edit ] Signed distance function (or field), in mathematical applications Syntax Definition Formalism , to describe formal languages Other uses in computing [ edit ] Software development folder, a physical or virtual container for software project artifacts Synchronous Data Flow , a restriction of Kahn process networks SDF Public Access Unix System ,

66-471: A Hierarchical Data Format implementation Formal computer science [ edit ] Signed distance function (or field), in mathematical applications Syntax Definition Formalism , to describe formal languages Other uses in computing [ edit ] Software development folder, a physical or virtual container for software project artifacts Synchronous Data Flow , a restriction of Kahn process networks SDF Public Access Unix System ,

88-1794: A shared shell provider Entertainment and media [ edit ] Südtirol Digital Fernsehen , a TV station in South Tyrol, Italy Super Dimensional Fortress, warships in the Robotech / Macross franchise Settlement Defense Front (SDF), an enemy faction of Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare Organizations [ edit ] Military forces [ edit ] Japan Self-Defense Forces State defense force , US Sudan Defence Force , 1925–1955 Syrian Democratic Forces , North and East Syria Political parties [ edit ] Sikkim Democratic Front , India Social Democratic Federation (United States) , 1936–1956 Social Democratic Federation , UK, 1884–1911 Social Democratic Forum , Hong Kong, 2000 Social Democratic Front (disambiguation) , Cameroon and Ghana Socialist Democratic Federation (Japan) , 1978–1994 Other organizations [ edit ] Scouts de France , youth group Serb Democratic Forum , Serbs of Croatia Places [ edit ] Louisville International Airport , Kentucky, US (by IATA code) Soquel Demonstration State Forest , California, US Science [ edit ] Silver diammine fluoride , in dentistry Stromal cell-derived factor (disambiguation) , SDF1, SDF1a, etc. Subwavelength-diameter optical fibre Synchronous diaphragmatic flutter or hiccup Other uses [ edit ] SDF Group (SAME Deutz-Fahr), an Italian-based agricultural machine manufacturer Simplified directional facility , an aviation instrument approach navigational aid Stochastic discount factor , in econometrics Topics referred to by

110-1679: A shared shell provider Entertainment and media [ edit ] Südtirol Digital Fernsehen , a TV station in South Tyrol, Italy Super Dimensional Fortress, warships in the Robotech / Macross franchise Settlement Defense Front (SDF), an enemy faction of Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare Organizations [ edit ] Military forces [ edit ] Japan Self-Defense Forces State defense force , US Sudan Defence Force , 1925–1955 Syrian Democratic Forces , North and East Syria Political parties [ edit ] Sikkim Democratic Front , India Social Democratic Federation (United States) , 1936–1956 Social Democratic Federation , UK, 1884–1911 Social Democratic Forum , Hong Kong, 2000 Social Democratic Front (disambiguation) , Cameroon and Ghana Socialist Democratic Federation (Japan) , 1978–1994 Other organizations [ edit ] Scouts de France , youth group Serb Democratic Forum , Serbs of Croatia Places [ edit ] Louisville International Airport , Kentucky, US (by IATA code) Soquel Demonstration State Forest , California, US Science [ edit ] Silver diammine fluoride , in dentistry Stromal cell-derived factor (disambiguation) , SDF1, SDF1a, etc. Subwavelength-diameter optical fibre Synchronous diaphragmatic flutter or hiccup Other uses [ edit ] SDF Group (SAME Deutz-Fahr), an Italian-based agricultural machine manufacturer Simplified directional facility , an aviation instrument approach navigational aid Stochastic discount factor , in econometrics Topics referred to by

132-531: Is a body of evidence supporting its efficacy; and there is no alternative, licensed medicine. The product was cleared for sale by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a Class II medical device for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, and has been classified as an ‘effective, efficient, equitable and safe caries-preventative agent’ by the Institute of Medicine and the Millennium Goals of

154-592: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages SDF [REDACTED] Look up SDF in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. SDF may refer to: Computing [ edit ] File formats [ edit ] Simple Data Format , for binary data Spatial Data File , for geodatabases Standard Delay Format , for timing data SQL Server Compact Edition Database File (filename extension: .sdf ) Structure data file , for chemical tables Scientific Data Format,

176-412: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Silver diammine fluoride SDF is also known as diammine silver fluoride, silver fluoride, and silver ammonium fluoride. It is frequently spelled "silver diamine fluoride" (with one m ); however, this is a misnomer, as SDF contains two ammine (NH 3 ) groups, not amine (NH 2 ) groups. Based on

198-628: Is twice as hard as healthy dentin Colony Forming Unit counts (CFU) and studies of multispecies carious biofilms were carried aiming to examine the action of SDF on cariogenic bacteria. CFU counts on Streptococci mutans , Actinomyces naeslundii , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Streptococcus sobrinus , Lactobacillus rhamnosus (all of which are bacteria intimately associated with the carious process) were significant lower in both dentin surfaces and demineralized dentin treated with SDF when compared to water application. SDF also inhibits

220-586: The World Health Organization in 2009. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines . SDF use is indicated in the clinical scenarios listed below. The use of SDF is contraindicated in the following scenarios: SDF's mode of action is well documented, but remains contested. Rosenblatt et al. summarized how the constituents in SDF each have a role in the arrest of microbial species that cause dental caries . The higher

242-461: The adherence of S.mutans to tooth surfaces. Targino et al. (2014) reported that minimum bacterial concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration of SDF for S.mutans were 50.0 ug/mL and 33.3 ug/mL respectively. This shows that SDF as a compound has better bactericidal effects than silver ammonium nitrate and sodium fluoride (commonly found in toothpastes ). The affected layer of carious dentin in teeth can be identified by

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264-595: The arrest of carious lesions treated with SDF. If the lesions do not appear to have arrested (i.e. dark in colour and tactilely hard), it is suggested by them to reapply. Subsequent restoration of the carious lesion may be indicated following the application of SDF to restore aesthetics. If these lesions are not restored following SDF application, the AAPD recommends application biannually, as this has shown an increased caries lesion arrest rate as compared to annual application. Average LD50 in mice and rats by oral administration

286-423: The clinical trials in this systematic review found 38% SDF to be significantly more effective for the prevention of caries in primary teeth, with 80% fewer new lesions in primary teeth, and 65% fewer new lesions in first permanent molars. Yee et al. (2009) compared the effectiveness of 38% against 12% SDF, with or without using a reducing agent for the caries arrest. Over a 24-month period, it was concluded that there

308-689: The concentration of fluoride in a compound, the more effective its mechanisms in inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation. Fluorides can bind to bacterial cell walls, inhibiting enzymatic processes associated with sugar uptake and metabolism of carbohydrate , therefore producing a surface more resistant to acid dissolution. Similarly, the silver in SDF kills cariogenic bacteria by interacting with DNA and cellular proteins . This leads to cessation of cellular metabolism preventing bacterial cell wall synthesis and DNA synthesis, and ATP production. These actions destroy plaque biofilms, and subsequently arrest dental caries. SDF hardens carious dentin, such that it

330-451: The current, best available evidence, SDF can be used by licensed dental professionals. In the UK , this is classified as ' off-label ' use of a topical medicament for arresting caries as it is licensed for treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. It is supported by a robust, extensive evidence base with regard to its efficacy and can be used as long as the following criteria are realised: there

352-630: The dose limit based on all evidence for the US multi-centered clinical trial sponsored by the NIH and FDA run by UM, NYU, and UIowa, and set a dose limit of 260 μL for any patient 12 – 59 months old at the start of the study. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03649659. The main side effect of SDF is non-medical and is the prominent black staining of carious tooth tissue where the solution is applied. SDF will stain most things it touches, including skin, mucous membranes, clothing and work surfaces. Chu et al. reported on

374-525: The first modern clinical trial of SDF that the stain was generally acceptable and "the presence of darkened teeth was mentioned by around 7% of the parents." Another side effect is an intensely bitter metallic flavor, which subsides in minutes. No serious adverse reactions (e.g. life-threatening reactions, hospitalization, toxicity or death) have been reported in the scientific literature. Two safety studies have been done in children. Pharmacokinetic studies in adults found no adverse effects and demonstrated

396-647: The presence of intact collagen fibres . Studies have revealed that a larger amount of intact collagen fibres remain on dentine surfaces (perpendicular to the enamel dentine junction) when treated with SDF as compared to water. SDF inhibits proteolytic activities such as enzymatic degradation of collagen fibres by matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, 8 and 9. Furthermore, SDF stops the degradation of cysteine cathepsins , which are also responsible for dentine collagen degradation. A systematic review conducted by Contreras et al. in 2017 concluded that 30% and 38% concentrations of SDF were most effective for caries arrest. One of

418-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SDF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SDF&oldid=1232875317 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

440-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SDF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SDF&oldid=1232875317 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

462-470: Was 520 mg/kg, and by subcutaneous administration was 380 mg/kg. The subcutaneous route is taken here as a worst-case scenario. One drop (32.5 μ L) is ample material to treat 5 teeth, and contains 12.35 mg silver diamine fluoride. Assuming the smallest child with caries would be in the range of 10 kg, the dose would be 1.235 mg / kg child. Based on this, UCSF recommended 1 drop per 10 kg of body weight per visit. The US FDA reviewed

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484-404: Was a higher rate of lesion arrest in teeth treated with 38% SDF (with and without the reducing agents) as compared to 12% SDF. A randomised clinical trial conducted by Zhi et al. (2012) found that increasing the frequency of SDF application from once to twice per year increased the rate of caries arrest. The American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recommends a 2-4 week follow-up to assess

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