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54-532: SPO may refer to: Politics [ edit ] Serbian Renewal Movement ( Srpski pokret obnove ), a political party in Serbia Socialist Party of Ontario , Canada Strengthening Participatory Organization , a rights-based organization in Pakistan SPÖ, Social Democratic Party of Austria Party of Civic Rights , political party in

108-548: A SPO activist was murdered by a Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) member. Drašković won 16 per cent of the popular vote and was eventually defeated by Milošević in the first round of the election in a landslide . SPO only won 19 seats in the National Assembly, due to Serbia's new first-past-the-post electoral system, which favoured Milošević's SPS, the then-ruling and largest party of Serbia. Another factor that contributed to SPO's failure at gathering more votes

162-640: A South Korean orchestra based in Seoul Strong Pareto optimum , in economics Supreme Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea Erik Spoelstra , head coach of the Miami Heat Sankt Peter-Ording , a tourist town in northern Germany See also [ edit ] Spo11 , a protein used in a complex along with Mre11 and Rad50 during meiotic recombination SPOC (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

216-734: A dispute over whether to protest Siniša Kovačević 's play titled Saint Sava . Šešelj went on to form the Serbian Chetnik Movement , whose registration was rejected, and then the Serbian Radical Party (SRS). After the July 1990 referendum, first multi-party elections in Serbia were called to be held in December 1990. SPO believed that the referendum should have occurred once the multi-party elections ended and

270-835: A journalist in the Yugoslav news agency Tanjug . He was a member of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and worked as the chief of staff of the Yugoslav President Mika Špiljak . Drašković was born in the small village of Medja in the Banat region to a family of settlers from Herzegovina . He was three months old when his mother, Stoja Nikitović, died. His father, Vidak, remarried and had two more sons - Rodoljub and Dragan; and three daughters - Radmila, Tanja and Ljiljana with Dara Drašković, meaning that young Vuk grew up with five half-siblings. Shortly after Vuk's birth,

324-546: A judge resisting political pressure. In 1982, Drašković was expelled from the Communist party after he published his second novel Nož (Knife). The novel tells the story of a man who is raised as a Bosnian Muslim who comes to believe that Serbs killed his family, only to later learn that his ethnic heritage is Serbian and that his adoptive family was guilty of murdering his birth-family. The book caused controversy as it reignited divisive ethno-nationalist issues which Tito and

378-586: A looming confrontation with NATO. He was sacked by the Prime Minister Momir Bulatović on 28 April 1999. There were two attempts to assassinate Drašković: on 3 October 1999 on the Ibar highway when four of his close associates were murdered, and on 15 June 2000 in Budva . In 2005, Milorad Ulemek was sentenced to 40 years in prison for the murder of Đinđić and Ivan Stambolić and for

432-476: A more moderate right, and centre-right position. It was also described as moderate nationalist during that period. Since its inception, it has been described as monarchist , and it advocates for the restoration of parliamentary monarchy . Since the late 2000s, it has been supportive of accession of Serbia to the European Union and NATO , and in the early 2010s, it shifted its support towards

486-613: A move would only serve to divide the Serbian voters"; he described Radovan Karadžić 's Serb Democratic Party as a "sister-party to our movement". SPO did eventually nominate candidates for the 1990 Bosnian municipal elections and only one SPO candidate was elected in the Assembly of Nevesinje . Vuk Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87 He graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law in 1968. From 1969 to 1980, he worked as

540-520: A parliamentary party, was asked to join a coalition with Milošević's Socialist Party of Serbia as tension with US and NATO increased, in order to use his influence with Western politicians. In early 1999, Drašković became the deputy prime minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . He did so in response to Milošević's appeal for national unity in the face of Albanian uprising in Kosovo and

594-462: A passionate condemnation of the bloody siege of Vukovar in the Serbian daily Borba . In early 1992, he called on all citizens of Bosnia to reject nationalism. In 1993, he and his wife Danica Drašković were arrested, beaten and sent to a high-security prison following street riots in Belgrade. His hunger strike, and international outrage over the situation, pressured the government to release

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648-574: A restoration of Serbia's monarchy : "This is an historic moment for Serbia itself, a beginning which would be based on the historically-proven and victorious pillars of the Serbian state and I am talking about the pillars of a kingdom." In August 2010, Drašković argued in favour of changing the Serbian Constitution of 2006 to remove references to Kosovo as a part of Serbia because according to him "Serbia has no national sovereignty over Kosovo whatsoever. All of Serbia knows that Kosovo

702-499: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Serbian Renewal Movement The Serbian Renewal Movement ( Serbian : Српски покрет обнове , romanized :  Srpski pokret obnove , abbr. SPO ) is a liberal and monarchist political party in Serbia . It was founded in 1990 by writer Vuk Drašković , who served as the party's president until 2024. Aleksandar Cvetković

756-627: Is the incumbent leader. Vuk Drašković was a writer for most of his life and he particularly became known in the 1980s due to his nationalist -themed books. He formed the Saint Sava Association in 1989 with Mirko Jović , Vojislav Šešelj , and Veljko Guberina , which sought to promote nationalism in Vojvodina . This association became a political party named Serbian National Renewal (SNO) in January 1990. Jović became

810-752: Is today Herzegovina , Bosnia , Slavonia , Dalmatia , in these parts of Croatia where the Serbs made a majority of the population until 6 April 1941, when the Ustasha genocide against them began...Wherever the Serb blood was shed by the Ustashas knives, wherever there are our graves there are our borders". He also claimed that most Bosnian Muslims are "burdened with Serbian origin" and that "they run away from themselves because they know that they are Orthodox and Serbs" . The Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO) participated in

864-522: The 1996 parliamentary election which received 23.8% of the popular vote, losing to the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS). In 1997, Drašković ran twice for president but finished third in both elections. Its party won the third largest number of seats in that year's Serbian parliamentary elections. A dissident group inside the party abandoned the SPO and formed New Serbia (NS) in 1997. In early 1999,

918-452: The 2003 parliamentary election , they achieved limited success, but did manage to get into the coalition that formed the minority government (along with DSS , G17 Plus ), providing it with critical parliamentary seats to keep the far-right radicals ( SRS ) at bay. In the subsequent division of power, Drašković became foreign minister, a position he held until May 2007. In response to Montenegro's vote for independence , Drašković called for

972-494: The DOS won overwhelmingly. Because of this, Drašković and his party were marginalized over the next three years. In the fall of 2002, he attempted a comeback as one of eleven candidates in a Serbian presidential election; this election was later declared invalid due to low voter turnout. Despite a polished marketing campaign that saw Drašković change his personal appearance and tone down his fiery rhetoric, he ended up with only 4.5% of

1026-556: The League of Communists of Yugoslavia , while Drašković criticised Jović due to his pro- Slobodan Milošević views. Drašković created a faction inside SNO that with Šešelj, who at the time led the Serbian Freedom Movement , merged to form the Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO) on 14 March 1990. Drašković was chosen as the party's president. At the time of the formation of SPO, Yugoslavia

1080-568: The National Assembly of Serbia was constituted. Despite this, SPO decided to take part in the elections; Drašković was SPO's presidential candidate. During the 1990 election campaign, SPO organised protests in opposition to the policies of Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) and protests due to alleged electoral manipulation. Together with another opposition party, the Democratic Party (DS), SPO threatened to boycott

1134-577: The Rhodesian Bush War , creating a diplomatic incident. He then took a job as press adviser to the Yugoslav Union of Trade Unions ( Savez Sindikata Jugoslavije ) and then became editor-in-chief of Rad , a trade union paper. During his time as press adviser, Drašković spent some time as the personal secretary to the organisation's president Mika Špiljak . In 1981, Drašković published his first novel Sudije (Judges) which described

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1188-540: The Serbian Democratic Renewal Movement (SDPO). One of the 4 was then bought off by the political tycoon Bogoljub Karić to form his party 's list. The SPO participated in the 2007 election independently and received 3.33% of the vote, winning no seats. In the 2008 elections the SPO took part in the For a European Serbia coalition under President Boris Tadić , receiving 38.42% of

1242-531: The Serbian Liberal Party and New Democracy–Movement for Serbia that existed up till late summer of 1991. The Democratic Movement of Serbia was formed in May 1992 as a political alliance made up primarily of SPO, New Democracy (ND), Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS). The political alliance however broke, and was dissolved in 1993. The SPO was part of the "Together" ( Zajedno ) coalition in

1296-772: The Serbian National Renewal Party under the leadership of Jović in January 1990. Drašković founded the Serbian Renewal Movement ( Srpski Pokret Obnove , SPO, a democratic nationalist party) in March, and then in February 1991 Šešelj created his Serbian Radical Party . On 26 September 1990, Drašković declared that his armed "volunteers" would be willing to defend Krajina Serbs , and three days later in an interview with Delo , Drašković stated: "Serbia must obtain all territories in what

1350-581: The Yugoslav People's Army being brought in. Clashes between police and protesters resulted in the deaths of a student and an officer, and injuries to over 200 people. Demonstrations ended after the government agreed to concessions. Drašković became a leading opponent of Milošević. His fiery and emotional speeches earned him the moniker "Czar of the Streets". While Drašković was a nationalist, he also held pro-Western and anti-war views. His plan

1404-535: The Yugoslav People's Army , he eventually distanced himself from the paramilitary formation altogether. According to historian Dubravka Stojanović, while Drašković's anti-war views were sincere, he also supported a nationalist program little different in its goals to those of Milošević, and he and his party were never able to reconcile these opposing currents. His anti-war views came to the fore in mid to late 1991, particularly in November of that year when he wrote

1458-676: The Communist Party tried to suppress. The party condemned and subsequently banned the book, which was also published in English. The book was made into a movie in 1999 entitled The Dagger or The Knife in English. His novels Molitva 1–2 (Prayer 1–2, 1985) and Ruski konsul (Russian consul, 1988) also explored the suffering of Serbs during World War II, while Noć generala (The General's Nights) published in 1994 dealt with Draža Mihailović 's last days. In March 1989, Drašković along with Mirko Jović and Vojislav Šešelj founded

1512-703: The Croats. His party SPO organized a paramilitary unit called the Serbian Guard , led by former criminals such as Đorđe "Giška" Božović and Branislav "Beli" Matić. Božović died in Croatia in October 1991. Matić was killed by Milošević's secret police in April 1991. Although Drašković initially claimed that this militia was an incitement to Serbian authorities to form a non-ideological national armed force other than

1566-582: The Czech Republic Technology [ edit ] Secondary phosphine oxide , a class of organophosphorus compounds SharePoint Online Other [ edit ] Saint Paul's Outreach , a Catholic missionary organization SPO:) , a Lithuanian sports magazine SPO Rouen Basket , a basketball club in Rouen, France Scholarly Publishing Office , University of Michigan University Library Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra ,

1620-649: The Kozaračko kolo at the Faculty of Law. Drašković was a member of the Communist Youth Organization and later joined the League of Communists of Yugoslavia . Between 1969–78, he was involved with journalism. He first worked for the state news agency Tanjug as its African correspondent stationed in Lusaka, Zambia . He was discharged from his post after publishing misleading information regarding

1674-557: The SPO joined the Slobodan Milošević -led government, and Drašković became a Yugoslav Deputy Prime Minister. The SPO had a place in Serbia's Rambouillet Agreement delegation and held posts such as the Yugoslav Information Ministry to show a more pro- Western face to the world in the run-up to NATO's bombing campaign in 1999 against the country. In the midst of the war, Drašković and the SPO pulled out of

SPO - Misplaced Pages Continue

1728-448: The SPO. In turn, the coalition had dispatched 8 deputies into the federal Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro . SPO-NS became part of Vojislav Koštunica's first elected cabinet. Vuk Drašković was selected for Minister of Foreign Affairs. In 2004, nine members of the National Assembly left SPO, citing their disapproval with the party's leadership. Together with seven members of SPO's main board and two vice-presidents of SPO, they formalised

1782-534: The Sava Association. The group dedicated itself to the protection of the Serbian language and the defense of Kosovo and Metohija . In the late 1980s, Drašković was in agreement with Šešelj's sentiments about deporting Albanians from Kosovo and suggested that "a special fund" was needed "to finance the repopulation of Kosovo by Serbs ". However, Jović, Šešelj and Drašković disagreed with each other and their party split into three. The Sava Association became

1836-486: The Serbian Renewal Movement overestimated its strength and ran independently, outside of the vast Democratic Opposition of Serbia coalition. Vojislav Mihajlović , grandson of Chetnik commander Draža Mihajlović , was its presidential candidate. He was opposed by Vojislav Koštunica of DOS, Slobodan Milošević of the ruling SPS and Tomislav Nikolić of the Serbian Radical Party . The SPO's vote collapsed, with its traditional voters drawn by Kostunica's conservatism and by

1890-424: The assassination attempt on Drašković in 2000. In what he himself later termed "a bad political move", Drašković kept his SPO out of the wide anti-Milošević Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS) coalition that formed in 2000; his candidate in the 24 September 2000 federal presidential elections, Vojislav Mihailović, achieved little success, and the SPO was unsuccessful in the subsequent parliamentary election which

1944-612: The couple. In 1996, SPO formed an opposition alliance Zajedno (" Together ") with the Democratic Party of Zoran Đinđić and the Civic Alliance of Serbia under Vesna Pešić , which achieved major successes in the local elections in November of that year, but later split. Drašković's SPO participated on its own at the September 1997 election, boycotted by his former partners despite an array of local electronic media outlets being in opposition hands. In January 1999, SPO,

1998-450: The election due to the election conditions. SPO sought to start its actions in towns and villages of the Šumadija region; Drašković called Valjevo his "political capital". SPO did also campaign briefly in Kosovo, but was met with opposition from Milošević supporters. Additionally, Drašković used nationalist rhetoric in his speeches, earning the nickname "King of the Streets" due to his fiery oratory skills. Their campaign ended when

2052-724: The entire family went back to Herzegovina where he finished primary school in the village of Slivlje . He graduated high school in Gacko . At his father's insistence, Drašković considered studying medicine in Sarajevo ; however, the city was too "uptight and cramped" for his liking, so he went to study law in Belgrade instead. In 1968, Drašković participated in anti-bureaucratic student revolts in Yugoslavia. After Josip Broz Tito promised reforms, Drašković initiated people to dance

2106-633: The fact that he was their best hope to remove Milošević from power. There was talk before the 5. October changes of dissolving the Mirko Marjanović government in Serbia and setting up a government with the Serbian Radical Party. Following the 5.October changes the SPO participated in a so-called national unity government that served effectively under DOS "coordinator" Zoran Đinđić . In December 2000, after two months of DOS rule, Serbian parliamentary elections were held. The SPO, once

2160-440: The first post-communist democratic elections, held on 9 December 1990, but finished a distant second amidst the total blackout from the pro-Milošević state media. Following that failure Drašković kept pressure on Serbian President Slobodan Milošević via street protests, organizing mass demonstrations in Belgrade on 9 March 1991 . The police intervened, and clashed with demonstrators with some damage to public buildings resulting in

2214-487: The government, calling on Milošević to surrender to NATO. The SPO participated in an attempt to overthrow Milošević in 1999, which faltered after Drašković broke off his alliance with opposition leader Zoran Đinđić . This caused the anti-Milošević elements to suggest that he was working for Milošević. In 2000 presidential and parliamentary elections in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in which Milošević lost,

SPO - Misplaced Pages Continue

2268-508: The president of SNO and Drašković served along with Žarko Gavrilović  [ sr ] as one of the vice-presidents of the party. As the chief ideologist of SNO, Drašković drafted its plan on expanding Serbia's borders which were based on historical and ethnic borders of the Serbs. Alongside this, SNO also advocated for the restoration of the monarchy and de- Titoisation . A schism inside SNO occurred in March 1990. Jović began attacking Drašković due to his past membership in

2322-547: The recognition of Kosovo . During the party's early history, when SPO still favoured a Greater Serbian policy, Drašković intended SPO to also have branches in Yugoslavia's constituent republics where Serbs were a large minority, such as in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. There was a proposal to form SPO branches in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the congress in October 1990, however, Drašković rejected it, stating that "such

2376-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SPO . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SPO&oldid=1146597597 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2430-450: The second round, regardless of their party affiliation. SPO was disappointed with government's domination in the media and together with DS, it announced a protest for 9 March 1991 . Despite the government banning the gathering, demonstrators gathered in Belgrade; they were attacked by the police. Drašković was eventually arrested and Studio B and B92 radio stations were closed down. The protests increased in size and Milošević

2484-402: The strongest opposition, failed to enter the parliament. In 2003, Drašković called for the re-establishment of a parliamentary monarchy in Serbia as the best means for its European integration . The party fought the December 2003 legislative elections in a coalition with New Serbia . The coalition received 7.7% of the popular vote and 22 seats in parliament. 13 of these were allocated to

2538-468: The total vote, well behind Vojislav Koštunica (31.2%) and Miroljub Labus (27.7%), both of whom moved on to the second-round runoff. His next chance for political redemption came in late 2003. Fully aware of SPO's weak political standing (as well as his own) after more than 3 years in political oblivion, Drašković entered his party into a pre-election coalition with New Serbia (NS), thus reuniting with old party colleague Velimir Ilić . Joining forces for

2592-456: The vote and 102 seats in parliament. Four seats were given to the SPO along with the Ministry of Diaspora portfolio. Drašković resigned as party leader on 12 July and was succeeded by Aleksandar Cvetković . During the 1990s, the Serbian Renewal Movement was orientated towards ultranationalism and irredentism , and it supported revisionism and anti-communism . During that period, it

2646-471: Was full of inconsistencies and diametrically opposing views and actions. According to Drašković, his stance as pro-Western and peaceful never wavered, from the start of the political crisis in Yugoslavia. He insisted that a Serbian government should promote radical democratic shift, and renew traditional alliances with Western nations (including entry into NATO) as a way of preserving some form of Yugoslav confederation rather than pursuing direct confrontation with

2700-449: Was met with pressure; Drašković was released, Studio B and B92 were allowed to broadcast again, and the RTS director was sacked. Author Robert Thomas said that Drašković came under criticism from certain opposition politicians due to not taking the advantage of the protests after his release. After the protests, SPO went to form the shortly-lived United Serbian Democratic Opposition with

2754-502: Was positioned on the right-wing on the political spectrum. It was also characterised as a right-wing populist party, and it was backed by the Serbian Orthodox Church . It also held conservative views. Although after the 2000s, the party rejected its radical nationalist past and statism , and embraced liberal-democratic elements. It also shifted to liberalism , and economic liberalism , and it adopted

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2808-468: Was still a one-party state . However, after a July 1990 referendum , Serbia adopted a multi-party system and SPO became a registered political party. According to political scientist Vukašin Pavlović, SPO implemented elements of a political movement , rather than a political party , after its formation. Drašković and Šešelj were unable to cooperate together and in May 1990 Šešelj left SPO due to

2862-485: Was that SPS also used nationalist rhetoric. Drašković portrayed the election as a contest "between Bolshevism and democracy, the past and the future". Although a second round of the presidential elections did not occur, opposition parties did briefly gather around the United Opposition of Serbia coalition, signing a declaration in which they declared that citizens should vote for the opposition candidate in

2916-554: Was to rapidly transform the biggest and most populous part of Yugoslavia (i.e. Serbia) according to Western standards so that eventual international involvement in the Yugoslav crisis would favour Serbian interests and produce a peaceful solution. His ideological opponents often cite his strong nationalist feelings (including attempting rehabilitation of Serb-nationalist Chetniks) as contradictory to his insistence on peaceful solutions. Political opponents have claimed Drašković's political engagement at this early stage of his political career

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