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27-596: Southwest ( SW or S.W. ) is the southwestern quadrant of Washington, D.C. , the capital of the United States , and is located south of the National Mall and west of South Capitol Street . It is the smallest quadrant of the city, and contains a small number of named neighborhoods and districts, including Bellevue , Southwest Federal Center , the Southwest Waterfront , Buzzard Point , and

54-707: A grassy slope in Benjamin Banneker Park to connect L'Enfant Plaza to the Southwest Waterfront and to add lighting and trees to the area. The NCPC and the National Park Service intended the project to be an interim improvement that could be in place for ten years while the area awaits redevelopment. Hoffman-Madison Waterfront (the developer of "The Wharf") and the District of Columbia government agreed to invest $ 4 million in

81-673: A rich cultural history, including the historic Capitol Hill and Anacostia neighborhoods, the Navy Yard , the Marine Barracks , the Anacostia River waterfront, historic Eastern Market , the remains of several Civil War -era forts, historic St. Elizabeths Hospital , RFK Stadium , Nationals Park , and the Congressional Cemetery . The quadrant is divided by the Anacostia River , with the portion that

108-509: Is now Lithuania was on 4 1 ⁄ 2 Street, and Marvin Gaye was born in a tenement on First Street.) Waterfront developed into a quite contradictory area: it had a thriving commercial district with grocery stores, shops, a movie theater, as well as a few large and elaborate houses (mostly owned by wealthy blacks). However, most of the neighborhood was a very poor shantytown of tenements, shacks, and even tents. These places, some of them in

135-610: Is the smallest quadrant of the city. Although roughly half of the quadrant is located south of the Anacostia River in Anacostia , references to "Southwest" generally allude to the area near downtown, within about a mile of the Capitol, much of which was demolished and redeveloped in the 1960s with modern federal office and apartment buildings. Fort McNair and the National War College are also there. The section south of

162-502: Is west of the river sometimes referred to as " Near Southeast " and the portion east of the river is known as "River East." Many people mistakenly (or in some instances, pejoratively) call the entire eastern portion of the quadrant Anacostia , although the name refers only to a small area along Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue . " Southwest " (SW or S.W.) is located south of the National Mall and west of South Capitol Street and

189-540: The National Mall through the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial forms the boundary running west of the medallion. " Northwest " (also written as NW or N.W. ) is located north of the National Mall and west of North Capitol Street. It is the largest of the four quadrants of the city, containing more than 42% of the entire city's area and over half of its population. It includes

216-769: The Supreme Court , Union Station , the Catholic University of America , Trinity University , National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception , Franciscan Monastery , Providence Hospital, Gallaudet University , the National Arboretum , Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens , and the Benning Road Power Plant . " Southeast " (SE or S.E.) is located south of East Capitol Street and east of South Capitol Street . It has

243-595: The Thomas Law House , and the St. Dominic's and Friendship churches. The Southeast/Southwest Freeway was constructed where F Street, SW, had once been. The rebuilt Southwest featured a large concentration of office and residential buildings in the brutalist style that was then popular. It was during this time that most of the Southwest Federal Center was built. The heart of the urban renewal of

270-616: The Tidal Basin to 12th Street SW where it crosses under Interstate 395. Continuing southeast, it runs parallel to the Washington Channel and Water Street SW, where it crosses 7th Street . At 6th Street SW, Maine Avenue ends, becoming M Street SW . Points of interest along Maine Avenue include Arena Stage and the Southwest Waterfront , home of the Maine Avenue Fish Market . In 1861, Maine Avenue

297-616: The Virginia portion of the District of Columbia, including the town of Alexandria , was included in Southwest. After the Civil War , the Southwest Waterfront became a neighborhood for the poorer classes of Washingtonians. The neighborhood was divided in half by Fourth Street SW, then known as 4 1 ⁄ 2 Street; Scotch, Irish, German, and eastern European immigrants lived west of 4 1 ⁄ 2 Street, while freed blacks lived to

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324-636: The central business district , Federal Triangle , the Smithsonian National Zoo, and the museums along the northern side of the National Mall, as well as such prestigious neighborhoods as Foggy Bottom , West End , Columbia Heights , Petworth , Dupont Circle , Logan Circle , LeDroit Park , Georgetown , Adams Morgan , Embassy Row , Glover Park , Tenleytown , Piney Branch , Shepherd Park , Crestwood , Bloomingdale , and Friendship Heights . The large Rock Creek Park divides

351-827: The Capitol Riverfront revitalization efforts, high rise office buildings and condominiums have been constructed. Developers have created a waterfront greenspace The Yards, and a waterfront bike trail is planned. Public Housing projects continue to occupy the area between the Waterfront metro and the Nationals Park stadium. On April 16, 2010, the new Waterfront Safeway (including a sushi bar). 38°52′52″N 77°00′58″W  /  38.881228°N 77.01622°W  / 38.881228; -77.01622 Along Water Street, " The Wharf " includes restaurants, shopping, theaters, public piers, hotels, and high-rise housing;

378-817: The River Park Mutual Homes complex. Likewise, Harry Weese designed the new building for Arena Stage and Marcel Breuer the Robert C. Weaver Federal Building, located at 451 Seventh Street, SW, to house the newly established U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development , and the Hubert H. Humphrey Federal Building. The Tiber Island complex, which was designed as a replica of the adjacent Carollsburg Condominium and Carrollsburg Square, were designed by Keyes, Lethbridge & Condon , and won an American Institute of Architects award in 1966. However, urban renewal did not fully succeed in Southwest for many of

405-520: The Southwest Waterfront at Waterfront ; additionally, the Navy Yard – Ballpark stop is one block outside the eastern boundary of the Southwest Waterfront neighborhood. Southwest is part of Pierre L'Enfant 's original city plans and includes some of the oldest buildings in the city, including the Wheat Row block of townhouses, built in 1793, and Fort McNair , which was established in 1791 as "the U.S. Arsenal at Greenleaf Point." Before 1847, much of

432-610: The Southwest Waterfront was Waterside Mall, a small shopping center and office complex, which housed satellite offices for the United States Environmental Protection Agency . The Arena Stage was built a block west of the Mall, and a number of hotels and restaurants were built on the riverfront to attract tourists. Southeastern University , a very small college that had been chartered in 1937, also established itself as an important institution in

459-600: The area. Following a proposal by Chloethiel Woodard Smith and Louis Justement, renewal in Southwest marked one of the last great efforts of the late Modernist movement. Architect I. M. Pei developed the initial urban renewal plan and was responsible for the design of multiple buildings, including those comprising L’Enfant Plaza and two clusters of apartment buildings located on the north side of M St. SW, initially called Town Center Plaza). Various firms oversaw individual projects and many of these represent significant architectural contributions. Modernist Charles M. Goodman designed

486-409: The east. Each half was centered on religious establishments: St. Dominic's Catholic Church and Talmud Torah Congregation on the west, and Friendship Baptist Church on the east. (Also, each half of the neighborhood was the childhood home of a future American musical star — the first home of Al Jolson , whose father was the cantor of Talmud Torah Congregation, after his family emigrated from what

513-646: The entire area, including well maintained properties, was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in Berman v. Parker . Justice William Douglas emphasized the squalor and segregation the area suffered, noting that the area was 98% black while 58% of dwellings had outside toilets. Only a few buildings were left intact, notably the Maine Avenue fish market, the Wheat Row townhouses,

540-558: The first phase opened in October 2017 (see Redevelopment of Southwest Waterfront ) with phase two slated to deliver in early 2022. L'Enfant Plaza has also undergone a facelift, with new retail and hotels, as well as office renovations having been completed in the late 2010s. In April 2017, the National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC) approved plans for a staircase and ramp that will travel through

567-561: The military installation known as Joint Base Anacostia–Bolling . Southwest has the following districts and neighborhoods: The Blue , Orange , and Silver lines of the Washington Metro have the following stations in the Southwest Federal Center: Smithsonian , L'Enfant Plaza , and Federal Center SW . The Green line has a stop in the Southwest Federal Center at L'Enfant Plaza and in

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594-432: The northwest quadrant in two. " Northeast " (NE or N.E.) is located north of East Capitol Street and east of North Capitol Street . Northeast neighborhoods include Brentwood , Brookland , Ivy City , Marshall Heights , NoMa , Pleasant Hill , Stanton Park , Trinidad , Michigan Park , Riggs Park , Fort Totten , Fort Lincoln , Edgewood , and Woodridge , as well as much of Capitol Hill . Notable landmarks include

621-603: The project in an effort to improve neighborhood connectivity in the area. Construction began on the project in September 2017. Notable past and present residents of Southwest Washington, D.C. include: Quadrants of Washington, D.C. The boundaries of the quadrants are not necessarily straight lines radiating from the medallion, but in three instances follow the paths of the boundary streets (which in some cases curve around topographical features): North Capitol Street, South Capitol Street, and East Capitol Street. The axis of

648-427: The reasons that plagued other Modernist renewal efforts. Areas of the neighborhood remained run-down, low-income, and somewhat dangerous. This situation intensified in the 1980s and the 1990s, when Washington had among the lowest per capita incomes and highest crime rates in the nation. The Southwest urban renewal has been called "a case study of everything urban renewal got wrong about cities and people." While many of

675-652: The residential neighborhoods of Southwest remained both highly mixed-race and mixed-income, around 2003, the wave of new development occurring throughout D.C. reached Southwest including a number of apartment building renovations and condominium conversions. Nationals Park stadium, located on the east side of South Capitol Street and thus in Southeast, opened for the Washington Nationals Major League Baseball team in 2008, construction having cost more than $ 611 million. As part of

702-754: The river, except for the Bellevue neighborhood, is almost entirely devoted to Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling , the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , and the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant . Maine Avenue Maine Avenue is a diagonal avenue in the Southwest quadrant of Washington, D.C. Maine Avenue connects Independence Avenue with M Street SW , and has an interchange with Interstate 395 . Maine Avenue begins at 17th Street SW and Independence Avenue SW and continues southeast, parallelling

729-688: The shadow of the Capitol Building , were frequent subjects of photographs highlighting the stark contrast. In the 1950s, city planners working with the U.S. Congress decided that Southwest should undergo a significant urban renewal — in this case, meaning that the city would declare eminent domain over all land south of the National Mall and north of the Anacostia River (except Fort McNair); evict virtually all of its residents and businesses; destroy all streets, buildings, and landscapes; and start again from scratch. The seizure of

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