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38-423: Southwestern competes in 18 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, tennis, track & field and volleyball; and co-ed sports include cheerleading and dance. The school boasts the following accomplishments: table reference Without

76-433: A 20% cartridge strength would mean the stick was equal to an equivalent weight strength of 20% ANFO. "Military dynamite" (or M1 dynamite) is a dynamite substitute made with more stable ingredients than nitroglycerin. It contains 75% RDX , 15% TNT and 10 percent desensitizers and plasticizers. It has only 60 percent equivalent strength as commercial dynamite, but is much safer to store and handle. Various countries around

114-494: A controlled explosion set off from a distance using a fuse . In 1863 Nobel performed his first successful detonation of pure nitroglycerin, using a blasting cap made of a copper percussion cap and mercury fulminate . In 1864, Alfred Nobel filed patents for both the blasting cap and his method of synthesizing nitroglycerin, using sulfuric acid , nitric acid and glycerin. On 3 September 1864, while experimenting with nitroglycerin, Emil and several others were killed in an explosion at

152-629: A doubt, Southwestern College Athletics have experienced the most success in Track & Field and Cross Country. Since current head coach Jim Helmer took over the programs in 1978, the teams have combined for 31 straight men's KCAC fall running championships 1980–2010. Friends University stopped the streak in 2011 under head coach Brad Peterson. while the men's track and field teams have produced 29 consecutive conference crowns 1983–2010. The women's track & field teams have followed suit with 16 consecutive KCAC Championships under Mike Kirkland . Since 1978,

190-416: A form of explosive that used ammonium nitrate as a substitute for the more costly nitroglycerin. Ammonium nitrate has only 85% of the chemical energy of nitroglycerin. It is rated by either "weight strength" (the amount of ammonium nitrate in the medium) or "cartridge strength" (the potential explosive strength generated by an amount of explosive of a certain density and grain size used in comparison to

228-516: A safe alternative to black powder and nitroglycerin. Nobel tightly controlled the patents, and unlicensed duplicating companies were quickly shut down. A few American businessmen got around the patent by using absorbents other than diatomaceous earth, such as resin. Nobel originally sold dynamite as "Nobel's Blasting Powder" and later changed the name to dynamite, from the Ancient Greek word dýnamis ( δύναμις ), meaning "power". Dynamite

266-602: A total of six times with the most recent appearance in 2006 under head coach Doug Hall. The team won the national championship in 1939 and placed third in 1937 . Southwestern shows an all-time record in Men's Basketball of 1246–1019 in its first 101 seasons of play. The school currently competes in the NAIA as a Division II school at Stewart Field House (capacity: 1,000) on the Southwestern College campus Brad Long

304-539: Is a second generation castable explosive adopted by the military, while dynamite, in contrast, has never been popular in warfare because it degenerates quickly under severe conditions and can be detonated by either fire or a wayward bullet. The German armed forces adopted TNT as a filling for artillery shells in 1902, some 40 years after the invention of dynamite, which is a first generation phlegmatized explosive primarily intended for civilian earthmoving. TNT has never been popular or widespread in civilian earthmoving, as it

342-509: Is considerably more expensive and less powerful by weight than dynamite, as well as being slower to mix and pack into boreholes. TNT's primary asset is its remarkable insensitivity and stability: it is waterproof and incapable of detonating without the extreme shock and heat provided by a blasting cap (or a sympathetic detonation ); this stability also allows it to be melted at 81 °C (178 °F), poured into high explosive shells and allowed to re-solidify, with no extra danger or change in

380-460: Is dropped from different heights until detonation is achieved. With a hammer of 2 kg, mercury fulminate detonates with a drop distance of 1 to 2 cm, nitroglycerin with 4 to 5 cm, dynamite with 15 to 30 cm, and ammoniacal explosives with 40 to 50 cm. For several decades beginning in the 1940s, the largest producer of dynamite in the world was the Union of South Africa . There

418-536: Is often called Southwestern's most famous basketball player, but not for his play on the court at Southwestern. He is best known for his role in the 1986 film Hoosiers where he played the character of team captain Buddy Walker. Southwestern golf has a rich and compelling tradition. Coached by Brad Sexson and Assistant Coach Tim Jasper, the 2012–2013 Moundbuilder golf team won the KCAC conference championship, that

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456-431: Is usually rated by "weight strength" (the amount of nitroglycerin it contains), usually from 20% to 60%. For example, 40% dynamite is composed of 40% nitroglycerin and 60% "dope" (the absorbent storage medium mixed with the stabilizer and any additives). The maximum shelf life of nitroglycerin-based dynamite is recommended as one year from the date of manufacture under good storage conditions. Over time, regardless of

494-404: Is usually sold in the form of cardboard cylinders about 200 mm (8 in) long and about 32 mm ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 4  in) in diameter, with a mass of about 190 grams ( 1 ⁄ 2 troy pound). A stick of dynamite thus produced contains roughly 1 MJ ( megajoule ) of energy. Other sizes also exist, rated by either portion (Quarter-Stick or Half-Stick) or by weight. Dynamite

532-576: The De Beers company established a factory in 1902 at Somerset West . The explosives factory was later operated by AECI (African Explosives and Chemical Industries). The demand for the product came mainly from the country's vast gold mines, centered on the Witwatersrand . The factory at Somerset West was in operation in 1903 and by 1907 it was already producing 340,000 cases, 23 kilograms (50 lb) each, annually. A rival factory at Modderfontein

570-530: The Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht , Northern Germany, and was patented in 1867. It rapidly gained wide-scale use as a more robust alternative to the traditional black powder explosives. It allows the use of nitroglycerine's favorable explosive properties while greatly reducing its risk of accidental detonation. Dynamite was invented by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel in 1866 and

608-428: The 20th century. This incorrect connection between TNT and dynamite was enhanced by cartoons such as Bugs Bunny , where animators labeled any kind of bomb (ranging from sticks of dynamite to kegs of black powder ) as TNT, because the acronym was shorter and more memorable and did not require literacy to recognize that TNT meant "bomb". Aside from both being high explosives, TNT and dynamite have little in common. TNT

646-500: The Builders have posted three undefeated seasons: 1913, 1918, and 1967. There has never been a season of Southwestern College Football without at least one victory. As of the 2022 season, the program has produced 57 All-Americans, 15 conference championships, 7 national playoff appearances, and 4 bowl games. Southwestern College athletic teams are known as the "Moundbuilders." Since 1927, a ceremony has been repeated every September as

684-476: The Moundbuilders have been awarded seven NAIA National Champions in men's cross country and track, 81 athletes have earned NAIA All-American status a total of 188 times, and 440 separate athletes have earned All-Conference. Southwestern College Men's Basketball began in 1904 with a record of 5 wins and 3 losses. Since that time, Southwestern Men's Basketball has appeared in the NAIA national tournament

722-584: The TNT's characteristics. Accordingly, more than 90% of the TNT produced in America was always for the military market, with most TNT used for filling shells, hand grenades and aerial bombs , and the remainder being packaged in brown "bricks" (not red cylinders) for use as demolition charges by combat engineers . In the United States, in 1885, the chemist Russell S. Penniman invented "ammonium dynamite",

760-508: The US. The only facility producing it is located in Carthage, Missouri , but the material is purchased from Dyno Nobel by other manufacturers who put their labels on the dynamite and boxes. Other explosives are often referred to or confused with dynamite: Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is often assumed to be the same as (or confused for) dynamite largely because of the ubiquity of both explosives during

798-488: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 192406403 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:42:32 GMT Dynamite Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin , sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay), and stabilizers . It was invented by

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836-472: The age of 17, Alfred Nobel was sent abroad for two years ; in the United States he met Swedish engineer John Ericsson and in France studied under famed chemist Théophile-Jules Pelouze and his pupil Ascanio Sobrero , who had first synthesized nitroglycerin in 1847. Pelouze cautioned Nobel against using nitroglycerine as a commercial explosive because of its great sensitivity to shock. In 1857, Nobel filed

874-492: The early 1900s. Celebrating an easy victory over arch-rival Fairmount College (now Wichita State University ), the students of Southwestern placed a tombstone on Southwestern's campus. The tombstone had a picture of a black cat and the final score of that season's game: 41–3. For the next 14 years the "jinxed" stone stood in defiance as the Moundbuilders won every game against Fairmount. The players and student body of Fairmount took action. Students made several attempts to remove

912-504: The explosive strength generated by an equivalent density and grain size of a standard explosive). For example, high-explosive 65% Extra dynamite has a weight strength of 65% ammonium nitrate and 35% "dope" (the absorbent medium mixed with the stabilizers and additives). Its "cartridge strength" would be its weight in pounds times its strength in relation to an equal amount of ANFO (the civilian baseline standard) or TNT (the military baseline standard). For example, 65% ammonium dynamite with

950-753: The factory at Immanuel Nobel's estate at Heleneborg . After this, Alfred founded the company Nitroglycerin Aktiebolaget in Vinterviken to continue work in a more isolated area and the following year moved to Germany, where he founded another company, Dynamit Nobel . Despite the invention of the blasting cap, the instability of nitroglycerin rendered it useless as a commercial explosive. To solve this problem, Nobel sought to combine it with another substance that would make it safe for transport and handling but would not reduce its effectiveness as an explosive. He tried combinations of cement, coal, and sawdust, but

988-406: The first of several hundred patents , mostly concerning air pressure, gas and fluid gauges, but remained fascinated with nitroglycerin's potential as an explosive. Nobel, along with his father and brother Emil , experimented with various combinations of nitroglycerin and black powder. Nobel came up with a way to safely detonate nitroglycerin by inventing the detonator , or blasting cap, that allowed

1026-492: The frustrated Fairmount players threw down their pieces of the "jinxed" stone and left the field. According to several eyewitnesses, the Southwestern students picked up the broken pieces and hid them in various places around Southwestern's campus. Legend holds that the pieces still remain hidden throughout the campus. Some points of the legend differ in facts. The game that began the run was under coach Fred H. Clapp and

1064-546: The production of dynamite. The factory then went on to produce ammonium nitrate emulsion-based explosives that are safer to manufacture and handle. Dynamite was first manufactured in the US by the Giant Powder Company of San Francisco , California, whose founder had obtained the exclusive rights from Nobel in 1867. Giant was eventually acquired by DuPont , which produced dynamite under the Giant name until Giant

1102-411: The sorbent used, sticks of dynamite will "weep" or "sweat" nitroglycerin, which can then pool in the bottom of the box or storage area. For that reason, explosive manuals recommend the regular up-ending of boxes of dynamite in storage. Crystals will form on the outside of the sticks, causing them to be even more sensitive to shock, friction, and temperature. Therefore, while the risk of an explosion without

1140-461: The stone but each time, the stone was rescued by Southwestern faculty and students. Finally the Fairmount players sneaked down to Southwestern's campus and stole the tombstone. They then used dynamite to blow it up in a nearby field. The next game all players for Fairmont kept a piece of the stone with them for luck. When that final measure failed to work and Southwestern once again won the game,

1178-400: The student's assemble at Southwestern. Each student and faculty member, as well as clubs and organizations, place one stone. Often, the rocks are carved or painted to represent the person or organization placing the rock. The mascot of Southwestern College teams is the "Jinx"—a black cat. Typically a student is dressed in the costume of a black cat for games. The legend of "The Jinx" began in

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1216-440: The use of a blasting cap is minimal for fresh dynamite, old dynamite is dangerous. Modern packaging helps eliminate this by placing the dynamite into sealed plastic bags and using wax-coated cardboard. Dynamite is moderately sensitive to shock. Shock resistance tests are usually carried out with a drop-hammer: about 100 mg of explosive is placed on an anvil, upon which a weight of between 0.5 and 10 kg (1 and 22 lb)

1254-578: Was dissolved by DuPont in 1905. Thereafter, DuPont produced dynamite under its own name until 1911–12, when its explosives monopoly was broken up by the U.S. Circuit Court in the "Powder Case". Two new companies were formed upon the breakup, the Hercules Powder Company and the Atlas Powder Company , which took up the manufacture of dynamite (in different formulations). Currently, only Dyno Nobel manufactures dynamite in

1292-881: Was held at Firekeeper Golf Course, located North of Topeka, Kansas. They were led by all-conference golfers Bobby Wiedner, All- American Shane Gilbert, Justin Churchill, and Seth Bryan. They went on to compete for the National Championship that was held at Creekside Golf Club in Salem, Oregon. Current golfers for the Moudbuilder's include, Shane Gilbert, Jake Henson, Justin Churchill, Kyle Karpe, Seth Bryan, Kyle Branine, Edward Fahnestock, Jonah Powerdistrict, Stephen Venn, and Luke Arneson. The Southwestern College Moundbuilders football team began in 1903 with 9 wins, 5 losses, and 1 tie under coach J. J. Thiel . Since then

1330-594: Was played on November 8, 1912 and it was only two years later on October 16, 1914 when head coach Willis Bates would lead the Moudbuilders in a 20-0 home loss against Fairmont. However, the two schools played after that for nine games with Southwestern winning five times and the remaining four games ending in a tie. It would not be until Halloween of 1925 when Fairmont College under the leadership of Sam H. Hill would defeat Southwestern again. Jim Helmer (coach) Too Many Requests If you report this error to

1368-550: Was producing another 200,000 cases per year. There were two large explosions at the Somerset West plant during the 1960s. Some workers died, but the loss of life was limited by the modular design of the factory and its earth works, and the planting of trees that directed the blasts upward. There were several other explosions at the Modderfontein factory. After 1985, pressure from trade unions forced AECI to phase out

1406-668: Was the first safely manageable explosive stronger than black powder . Alfred Nobel's father, Immanuel Nobel , was an industrialist, engineer, and inventor. He built bridges and buildings in Stockholm and founded Sweden's first rubber factory. His construction work inspired him to research new methods of blasting rock that were more effective than black powder. After some bad business deals in Sweden, in 1838 Immanuel moved his family to Saint Petersburg , where Alfred and his brothers were educated privately under Swedish and Russian tutors. At

1444-566: Was unsuccessful. Finally, he tried diatomaceous earth , which is fossilized algae, that he brought from the Elbe River near his factory in Hamburg , which successfully stabilized the nitroglycerin into a portable explosive. Nobel obtained patents for his inventions in England on 7 May 1867 and in Sweden on 19 October 1867. After its introduction, dynamite rapidly gained wide-scale use as

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