47-535: The remains of an eighteenth- to nineteenth-century cargo vessel were discovered in the South Edinburgh Channel , Outer Thames Estuary , northwest of Margate , Kent , England, in 1976. The site was designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act on 29 April 1977. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England . The site consists of the remains of a large wreck, probably Swedish,
94-547: A cargo vessel dating from some time after its coinage of 1787. To bear such coinage only it may have been wrecked at latest about twenty years later. It was in good condition with surviving timbers, wine bottles, and Swedish copper plate money. The site was discovered in 1976 when the Port of London Authority were dredging the South Edinburgh Channel. Further investigation was undertaken in 1977 which resulted in
141-923: A most compassionate king, pitying their severe fate, ordered these unhappy princes to be laid amongst the monuments of their predecessors, AD 1678, in the 30th year of his reign. The original Latin text is as follows (original all in capitals): H.SS Reliquiæ Edwardi V Regis Angliæ et Richardi Ducis Eboracensis Hos, fratres germanos, Turre Londinˢⁱ conclusos iniectisq culcitris suffocatos, abdite et inhoneste tumulari iussit patruus Richardus Perfidus Regni prædo ossa desideratorum, diu et multum quæsita, post annos CXC&1~ scalarum in ruderibus (scalæ istæ ad Sacellum Turris Albæ nuper ducebant) alte defossa, indictis certissimis sunt reperta XVII die iulii Aº Dⁿⁱ MDCLXXIIII Carolus II Rex clementissimus acerbam sortem miseratus inter avita monumena principibus infelicissimis. iusta persolvit. anno domⁱ 1678 annoq regni sui 30 Dukes (except Aquitaine ) and Princes of Wales are noted, as are
188-537: A stairway in the Tower. On the orders of King Charles II , these were subsequently placed in Westminster Abbey, in an urn bearing the names of Edward and Richard. The bones were re-examined in 1933, at which time it was discovered the skeletons were incomplete and had been interred with animal bones. It has never been proven that the bones belonged to the princes, and it is possible that they were buried before
235-484: A traditional historical research method)". Historian Michael Hicks said that that the new documents "do add to knowledge of the Tudor impostors, but they fall short of proof that either Edward V or Richard Duke of York survived beyond their disappearance in the autumn of 1483". As outlined above, on the orders of Charles II, the presumed bones of Edward V and his brother Richard were interred in Westminster Abbey; Edward
282-534: Is 1 + 1 ⁄ 6 fathoms. Some of Long Sands is less than this. Black Deep extends many more miles to the north-east. This excerpt shows clearly the detailed shallows which affect vessels of greater draught such as ships most severely. The southern connector to the Princes/Queens Channel, the South Edinburgh Channel is among the small deep channels that require good power and/or understanding of tides and position to navigate correctly –
329-646: Is bounded by two large typical sandbank form of shoals, the Knock John and Sunk Sands to the north-west, and the Girdler ;– and Long Sands, the largest of those away from the shore – spread out to the south and east. Deep- draught vessels making for the Port of London from the North Sea use it to approach from the north-east from the position of the Sunk lightship , thence into
376-407: Is portrayed as wiser than his years (something his uncle notes) and ambitious about his kingship. Edward and his brother's deaths are described in the play, but occur offstage. Their ghosts return in one more scene (Act 5 Scene 3) to haunt their uncle's dreams and promise success to his rival, Richmond (i.e. King Henry VII). In film and television adaptations of this play, Edward V has been portrayed by
423-519: The North Sea without shoals, the others being the Barrow Deep and Princes Channel . Between these, a few others, and the shores of Kent , Suffolk and Essex are many long shoals in the North Sea , broadly shallow enough to wreck vessels of substantial draft at low tide. Its open sea end is distant from but due east of Foulness Point and due south of Clacton-on-Sea (both in Essex ) and
470-512: The Princes in the Tower . They disappeared after being sent to heavily guarded royal lodgings in the Tower of London . Responsibility for their disappearance (and presumed deaths) is widely attributed to Richard III, who sent them to the Tower, but the lack of conclusive evidence and conflicting contemporary accounts allow for other possibilities. Edward was born on 2 November 1470 at Cheyneygates,
517-580: The South Edinburgh Channel Wreck was a wreck of a cargo vessel of about the 1810s. The London Array wind farm is immediately to the east of the Deep. 51°45.8′N 1°31.7′E / 51.7633°N 1.5283°E / 51.7633; 1.5283 Edward V of England Edward V (2 November 1470 – c. mid-1483 ) was King of England from 9 April to 25 June 1483. He succeeded his father, Edward IV , upon
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#1732787295039564-520: The Welsh Marches as nominal president of a newly created Council of Wales and the Marches . In 1479, his father conferred the earldom of Pembroke on him; it became merged into the crown on his succession. Prince Edward was placed under the supervision of the queen's brother Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers , a noted scholar. In a letter to Rivers, Edward IV set down precise conditions for
611-563: The Black Deep. A dark rumour of London in that century, put to paper by the chroniclers John Rastell and Edward Hall , by a continuer of John Hardyng 's chronicle and later by John Speed , had it that Richard III , aided by the priest of Sir Robert Brackenbury , had disposed of the bodies of the murdered Edward V of England and Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York in the Black Deep, "whereby they should never rise up, or be any more seen". As of strategic importance, access to
658-587: The Deep has been restricted in wartime, while during the Second World War naval forts stood at Sunk Head and Knock John to deter German minelaying . Until 1967 the daily sludge from London's main Crossness and Beckton Sewage Treatment Works was dumped in the Black Deep 60 miles (97 km) away from London Bridge for three decades after Barrow Deep was used, after which it, better chemically treated, became legal to use as field fertiliser. From
705-521: The Latin name for the city of Strasbourg , Argentoratum , was still current at the time; however, D. E. Rhodes suggests it may actually refer to "Doctor Argentine", whom Rhodes identifies as John Argentine , an English physician who would later serve as provost of King's College, Cambridge , and as doctor to Arthur, Prince of Wales , eldest son of King Henry VII of England (Henry Tudor). The princes' fate after their disappearance remains unknown, but
752-578: The Tower of London, and there stifled with pillows, were privately and meanly buried, by the order of their perfidious uncle Richard the Usurper; their bones, long enquired after and wished for, after 191 years in the rubbish of the stairs (those lately leading to the Chapel of the White Tower) were on the 17th day of July AD 1674 by undoubted proofs discovered, being buried deep in that place. Charles II,
799-520: The Tower" and then were seen less and less until the end of the summer to the autumn of 1483, when they disappeared from public view altogether. During this period Mancini records that Edward was regularly visited by a doctor, who reported that Edward, "like a victim prepared for sacrifice, sought remission of his sins by daily confession and penance, because he believed that death was facing him." The Latin reference to Argentinus medicus had previously been translated as "a doctor from Strasbourg", because
846-659: The boys' disappearance, Edward was regularly being visited by a doctor; historian David Baldwin extrapolates that contemporaries may have believed Edward had died of an illness (or as the result of attempts to cure him). An alternative theory is that Perkin Warbeck , a pretender to the throne, was indeed Richard, Duke of York, as he claimed, having escaped to Flanders after his uncle's defeat at Bosworth to be raised by his aunt, Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy . In 2021, researchers from "The Missing Princes Project" claimed to have found evidence that Edward may have lived out his days in
893-401: The duchy, Anne . The two were to be married upon their majority, with their eldest son inheriting England and their second son Brittany. It was at Ludlow that the 12-year-old Edward received the news, on Monday 14 April 1483, of his father's sudden death five days before. Edward IV's will, which has not survived, nominated his trusted brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester , as Protector during
940-757: The fate of the Princes in the Tower . The project began in 2015, following the reburial of Richard III in Leicester and was formally launched in July the following year. In 2023 she claimed to have discovered new evidence that disproved the theory that Richard III was responsible for the deaths of the princes. Along with Rob Rinder , she hosted a Channel 4 programme called Princes in the Tower: The New Evidence , in which she revealed her own theories and new archival discoveries. Although praising Langley's discoveries, The Spectator' s reviewer called
987-488: The following actors: Edward V is also featured as a mute role in another of Shakespeare's plays, Henry VI, Part 3 , where he appears as a newborn baby in the final scene. His father Edward IV addresses his own brothers thus: "Clarence, and Gloster, [ sic ] love my lovely queen, And kiss your princely nephew, brothers both." Gloster, the future Richard III, is at the close of this play already encompassing his nephew's demise, as he mutters in an aside , "To say
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#17327872950391034-438: The king was keen to safeguard his son's morals, and instructed Rivers to ensure that no one in the prince's household was a habitual "swearer, brawler, backbiter, common hazarder, adulterer, [or user of] words of ribaldry ". After further study, in the afternoon the prince was to engage in sporting activities suitable for his class, before evensong. Supper was served from four, and curtains were to be drawn at eight. Following this,
1081-712: The latter's death. Edward V was never crowned, and his brief reign was dominated by the influence of his uncle and Lord Protector , the Duke of Gloucester, who deposed him to reign as King Richard III ; this was confirmed by the Titulus Regius , an Act of Parliament which denounced any further claims through Edward IV's heirs by delegitimising Edward V and all of his siblings. This was later repealed by Henry VII , who wished to legitimise his reign by marrying Elizabeth of York , Edward V's eldest sister. Edward V and his younger brother, Richard of Shrewsbury , are known as
1128-688: The medieval house of the Abbot of Westminster , adjoining Westminster Abbey . His mother, Elizabeth Woodville , had sought sanctuary there from Lancastrian supporters who had deposed his father, the Yorkist king Edward IV, during the course of the Wars of the Roses . Edward was created Prince of Wales in June 1471, following his father's restoration to the throne, and in 1473 was established at Ludlow Castle on
1175-403: The minority of his son. The new king left Ludlow on 24 April, with Richard leaving York a day earlier, planning to meet at Northampton and travel to London together. However, when Richard reached Northampton, Edward and his party had already travelled onward to Stony Stratford , Buckinghamshire. The Earl Rivers travelled back to Northampton to meet Richard and Buckingham, who had now arrived. On
1222-431: The monarchs' reigns. † =Killed in action; [REDACTED] =Executed See also Family tree of English monarchs Edward appears as a character in the play Richard III by William Shakespeare. Edward appears alive in only one scene of the play (Act 3 Scene 1), during which he and his brother are portrayed as bright, precocious children who see through their uncle's ambitions. Edward in particular
1269-440: The more abstruse authors. He had such dignity in his whole person, and in his face such charm, that however much they might gaze, he never wearied the eyes of beholders. As with several of his other children, Edward IV planned a prestigious European marriage for his eldest son, and in 1480 concluded an alliance with Francis II, Duke of Brittany , whereby Prince Edward was betrothed to the duke's four-year-old daughter and heiress to
1316-421: The most widely accepted theory is that they were murdered on the orders of their uncle, King Richard. Thomas More (1478-1535) wrote that they were smothered to death with their pillows, and his account forms the basis of William Shakespeare 's play Richard III , in which Tyrrell murders the princes on Richard's orders. In the absence of hard evidence a number of other theories have been put forward, of which
1363-400: The most widely discussed are that they were murdered on the orders of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham , or by Henry Tudor. However, A. J. Pollard points out that these theories are less plausible than the straightforward one that they were murdered by their uncle who in any case controlled access to them and was therefore regarded as responsible for their welfare. In the period before
1410-510: The names of two of Edward IV's children who had predeceased him: George, Duke of Bedford, and Mary. However, the remains of these two children were later found elsewhere in the chapel, leaving the occupants of the children's coffins within the tomb unknown. In 1486 Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth , sister of Edward V, married Henry VII, thereby uniting the Houses of York and Lancaster. In 2022, Langley led "The Missing Princes Project" to discover
1457-574: The narrow Knock John channel, to enter the Tideway (lower Thames). Passing south of the West Knock buoy off Shoeburyness , large bulk carriers also tend to use the channel when entering or exiting the Medway estuary as it has a minimum depth of 14 metres as far as Kingsnorth . Before reliable maps, navigation tools and warnings, such as buoys and lightvessels, the outer Thames Estuary
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1504-404: The night of 29 April Richard dined with Rivers and Edward's half-brother, Richard Grey , but the following morning Rivers, Grey and the king's chamberlain, Thomas Vaughan , were arrested and sent north. Despite Richard's assurances, all three were subsequently executed. Dominic Mancini , an Italian who visited England in the 1480s, reports that Edward protested, but the remainder of his entourage
1551-545: The prince's attendants were to "enforce themselves to make him merry and joyous towards his bed". They would then watch over him as he slept. Dominic Mancini reported of the young Edward V: In word and deed he gave so many proofs of his liberal education, of polite nay rather scholarly, attainments far beyond his age; ... his special knowledge of literature ... enabled him to discourse elegantly, to understand fully, and to declaim most excellently from any work whether in verse or prose that came into his hands, unless it were from
1598-470: The programme "a calculated insult to the viewer"; The Times called it "compelling" and awarded the documentary its "Critics Choice." The programme achieved a large audience with Richard III and the Princes in the Tower trending on Twitter / X. The Richard III Society issued a press release stating: The disappearance of the princes has always been described as a great unsolved mystery. Why? Because there
1645-454: The project subsequently distanced themselves from Langley's documentary and book, arguing that the documents they had discovered "are in our own opinion open to various interpretations and do not constitute irrefutable proof" for the survival of the princes. Langley responded that her conclusions were based on "the totality of evidence thus assembled and the outcomes of a modern police missing person investigation methodology ... (and not through
1692-459: The reconstruction of that part of the Tower of London. Permission for a subsequent examination has been refused. In 1789, workmen carrying out repairs in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle , rediscovered and accidentally broke into the vault of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville. Adjoining this was another vault, which was found to contain the coffins of two children. This tomb was inscribed with
1739-431: The recovering of the wine and coins. 51°31′46″N 1°14′47″E / 51.52942°N 1.24629°E / 51.52942; 1.24629 This article about a shipwreck is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . South Edinburgh Channel The Black Deep is in the outer Thames Estuary . It is the greatest of three mainly natural shipping channels linking the Tideway to central zones of
1786-541: The rural Devon village of Coldridge . They linked the 13-year-old prince with a man named John Evans, who arrived in the village around 1484, and was immediately given an official position and the title of Lord of the Manor. Researcher John Dike noted Yorkist symbols and stained glass windows depicting Edward V in a Coldridge chapel commissioned by Evans and built around 1511, unusual for the location. Bones belonging to two children were discovered in 1674 by workmen rebuilding
1833-488: The same time a programme of dredging by the Port of London Authority increased the depth of Knock John channel to open the Knock John ;– Black Deep route to large tankers. Through much of the 1980s, Knock John Deep was the anchorage spot for Radio Caroline 's Ross Revenge ship. To explain the numbers on the inset map a depth of 1 1 is a formula of six feet (i.e. one fathom ) and 1 foot. It
1880-418: The throne by their father's attainder , and therefore, on 25 June, an assembly of Lords and Commons declared Richard to be the lawful king. (This was later confirmed by the act of parliament Titulus Regius .) The following day he acceded to the throne as King Richard III. Dominic Mancini recorded that after Richard III seized the throne, Edward and his brother Richard were taken into the "inner apartments of
1927-525: The truth, so Judas kiss'd his master, And cried – All hail! when as he meant – all harm." Edward appears in The White Queen , a 2009 historical novel by Philippa Gregory and in the subsequent 2013 TV miniseries The White Queen ; in the latter, he is played by Sonny Ashbourne Serkis. As heir apparent , Edward bore the royal arms (quarterly France and England) differenced by a label of three points argent . During his brief reign, he used
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1974-561: The upbringing of his son and the management of the prince's household. He was to "arise every morning at a convenient hour, according to his age". His day would begin with matins and then Mass , which he was to receive uninterrupted. After breakfast, the business of educating the prince began with "virtuous learning". Dinner was served from ten in the morning, and then he was to be read "noble stories ... of virtue, honour, cunning, wisdom, and of deeds of worship" but "of nothing that should move or stir him to vice". Perhaps aware of his own vices,
2021-536: Was Henry VI , whose protectorate (which started when he inherited the crown aged 9 months) had ended with his coronation aged seven. Richard, however, repeatedly postponed the coronation. On 22 June, Ralph Shaa preached a sermon declaring that Edward IV had already been contracted to marry Lady Eleanor Butler when he married Elizabeth Woodville, thereby rendering his marriage to Elizabeth invalid and their children together illegitimate. The children of Richard's older brother George, Duke of Clarence , were barred from
2068-420: Was dismissed and Richard escorted him to London. On 19 May 1483, the new king took up residence in the Tower of London ; on 16 June, his younger brother Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York joined him there. The Privy Council had at first hoped for a speedy coronation, to avoid the need for a protectorate. This had previously happened with Richard II , who had become king at the age of ten. Another precedent
2115-595: Was hard to navigate due to its many sandbanks. The whole zone is also known as the Thames Shoals. One of the earliest references to maritime pilotage dates from 1387 and refers to a pilot "of the Black Deeps" in the estuary. Richard Caundish, sixteenth-century maker of the oldest known English maritime chart , who had charted the Thames shoals, was assisted by a pilot who had found a new, safer route through
2162-481: Was no evidence of their fate. Their murder was never more than conjecture, but it was put about by the authorities and – for safety’s sake – only the brave dared to think differently. From now on, history must take account of this new breakthrough evidence. No longer can anyone confidently claim the princes were killed by Richard III. Three leading members of the Dutch Research Group who had assisted in
2209-484: Was thus buried in the place of his birth. The white marble sarcophagus was designed by Sir Christopher Wren and made by Joshua Marshall. The sarcophagus can be found in the north aisle of the Henry VII Chapel , near Elizabeth I 's tomb. The Latin inscription on the urn can be translated as follows: Here lie the relics of Edward V, King of England, and Richard, Duke of York. These brothers being confined in
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