The Stolichna Municipality ( Bulgarian : Столична община , romanized : Stolichna obshtina (also transcribed as Stolična obština) , lit. 'Capital Municipality') is an obshtina ( municipality ) in Sofia City Province , Western Bulgaria . It is named after its administrative centre, the city of Sofia , which is also the capital of Sofia City Province and Sofia Province and the capital of Bulgaria as well.
10-949: The municipality is located mainly in the Sofia Valley , and also in the foots and lower parts of the mountains of Stara planina and Vitosha , Plana , Lozen , Rila . As of 2016, it was home to 1,500,927 inhabitants, of which 1,400 million live in Sofia. Sofia Capital Municipality includes the following 38 places (cities are shown in bold): Balsha , Bankya , Bistritsa , Buhovo , Busmantsi , Chepintsi , Dobroslavtsi , Dolni Bogrov , Dolni Pasarel , German , Gorni Bogrov , Ivanyane , Jeleznitsa , Jelyava , Jiten , Kazichene , Klisura , Kokalyane , Krivina , Kubratovo , Katina , Lokorsko , Lozen , Malo Buchino , Marchaevo , Mirovyane , Mramor , Negovan , Novi Iskar , Pancharevo , Plana , Podgumer , Sofia , Svetovrachene , Vladaya , Voluyak , Voynegovtsi , Yana According to
20-478: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mineral spring Mineral springs are naturally occurring springs that produce hard water , water that contains dissolved minerals . Salts , sulfur compounds , and gases are among the substances that can be dissolved in the spring water during its passage underground. In this they are unlike sweet springs , which produce soft water with no noticeable dissolved gasses. The dissolved minerals may alter
30-450: Is a gas, and it usually enters the body when it is breathed in. The quantities ingested in drinking water are much lower and are not considered likely to cause harm, but few studies on long-term, low-level exposure have been done, as of 2003 . The water of mineral springs is sometimes claimed to have therapeutic value. Mineral spas are resorts that have developed around mineral springs, where (often wealthy) patrons would repair to "take
40-610: Is a valley in central western Bulgaria bordering Stara Planina to the northeast, the Viskyar , Lyulin , Vitosha and Lozen mountains to the southwest, the Vakarel Mountain to the southeast and the low Slivnitsa Heights to the northwest. After the valley's bottom was formed, the stream of the Iskar River was blocked and the whole valley became a lake, causing the gritty and clay-like soils that now cover most of
50-430: The chemical composition of the water produced and according to the medicinal benefits supposedly accruing from each: Types of sedimentary rock – usually limestone ( calcium carbonate ) – are sometimes formed by the evaporation , or rapid precipitation , of minerals from spring water as it emerges, especially at the mouths of hot mineral springs. In cold mineral springs, the rapid precipitation of minerals results from
60-485: The latest Bulgarian census of 2011, the religious composition , among those who answered the optional question on religious identification, was the following: 42°41′51″N 23°19′25″E / 42.6976°N 23.3236°E / 42.6976; 23.3236 Sofia Valley The Sofia Valley ( Bulgarian : Софийска котловина , romanized : Sofiyska kotlovina ), or Sofia Field (Bulgarian: Софийско поле , romanized: Sofiysko pole ),
70-542: The reduction of acidity when the CO 2 gas bubbles out. (These mineral deposits can also be found in dried lakebeds.) Spectacular formations, including terraces, stalactites , stalagmites and 'frozen waterfalls' can result (see, for example, Mammoth Hot Springs ). One light-colored porous calcite of this type is known as travertine and has been used extensively in Italy and elsewhere as building material. Travertine can have
80-596: The valley. The lake ceased to exist when the river drove through the Stara Planina, forming the Iskar Gorge . The Sofia Valley is rich in mineral springs such as Gorna Banya , Pancharevo and Bankya , which are, together with the valley's predisposal to seismic activity, the result of its fault character. 42°47′N 23°16′E / 42.783°N 23.267°E / 42.783; 23.267 This Sofia Province , Bulgaria location article
90-410: The water's taste. Mineral water obtained from mineral springs, and the precipitated salts such as Epsom salt have long been important commercial products. Some mineral springs may contain significant amounts of harmful dissolved minerals, such as arsenic , and should not be drunk. Sulfur springs smell of rotten eggs due to hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), which is hazardous and sometimes deadly . It
100-600: The waters" — meaning that they would drink (see hydrotherapy and water cure ) or bathe in (see balneotherapy ) the mineral water. Historical mineral springs were often outfitted with elaborate stone-works — including artificial pools, retaining walls , colonnades , and roofs — sometimes in the form of fanciful "Greek temples", gazebos , or pagodas . Others were entirely enclosed within spring houses . For many centuries, in Europe, North America, and elsewhere, commercial proponents of mineral springs classified them according to
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