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Sofia Central Mineral Baths

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42°41′57″N 23°19′26″E  /  42.69917°N 23.32389°E  / 42.69917; 23.32389

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38-457: The Central Mineral Baths (Централна минерална баня, Tsentralna mineralna banya ) is a landmark in the city center of Sofia , the capital of Bulgaria , a city known for the mineral springs in the area. It was built in the early 20th century near the former Turkish bath (then destroyed) and was used as the city's public baths until 1986. Public baths have existed in Sofia since at least

76-557: A boutique hotel. Mississauga's largest public library, the Central Library, is located at 301 Burnhamthorpe Road West at the corner of Living Arts Drive. The city's YMCA is located at 325 Burnhamthorpe West, across the street from the Central Library. Living Arts Centre , a performing arts venue, opened in 1997. A satellite campus of Sheridan College , the Hazel McCallion Campus, is also located in

114-434: A splash pad (which doubles as a skating rink in the winter) and a garden. Mississauga City Centre is well-served by MiWay and GO Transit . The City Centre Transit Terminal is the city's main transit terminal and hosts 21 MiWay bus routes and one Brampton Transit –operated bus rapid transit (named Züm ) route. GO Transit buses serve the nearby Square One Bus Terminal . The under-construction Hurontario LRT will serve

152-592: Is home to the Mississauga Executive Centre and One City Centre Drive, and well as other smaller office complexes. Mississauga is not traditional city, but is a mostly suburban municipality created from the predominantly-rural Toronto Township , which was restructured into the Town of Mississauga in 1968. The present city was established by amalgamating the new town with the historic independent towns of Port Credit and Streetsville in 1974. As

190-530: Is richly covered in white marble … The big water conduits that lead the water into the baths are made of potter's clay . Each tube is approximately one Viennese cubit long and the separate tubes go through each other. They are plastered up like I have seen in Siebenbürgen ( Transylvania ) too, in old buildings in Thorenburg ( Turda ) . The current Central Mineral Baths building was designed in

228-453: Is the historical city centre and the cultural and commercial centre. Historically, the CBD often occupied one portion of the city centre. In recent years, larger cities have often developed CBDs or financial districts that occupy a part of the city centre or are outside the historical city centre completely. For example, Beijing's historical city centre is defined by the former city walls and remains

266-569: Is widely used to refer to the city centre, but usage of the term "City Centre" is increasing, especially in Melbourne . In South Africa , "CBD" is used in formal contexts, but in informal contexts, the city centre is referred to as "town", and despite the growth of decentralised CBDs such as Sandton and uMhlanga "town" continues to refer to the original CBDs of cities. In many cities, the Central Business District (CBD)

304-402: Is within the city centre, but the concept "city centre" differs from the CBD. The concept of the "CBD" revolves solely around economic and financial power, but the "city centre" also includes historical, political, and cultural factors. A clear example is Paris : La Défense is the central business district of Paris , but it is not the city centre. In most larger and/or older cities, the CBD and

342-526: The United States , the term " downtown " is commonly used to denote a city centre, and in Canada the terms "city centre" and "downtown" are used interchangeably, most notable in the modern, purpose-built cores of former boroughs or newer suburban cities that had no traditional urban core (i.e. North York City Centre and Mississauga City Centre ). In Australia , the term " Central Business District "

380-424: The United States , the term " downtown " is generally used, though a few cities, like Philadelphia , use the term "Center City" or "City Center". The city centre is the (often historical) area of a city where commerce, entertainment, shopping, and political power are concentrated. The term is commonly used in many English-speaking countries and has direct equivalents in many other languages. However, noticeably, in

418-480: The Vienna Secession style, but integrating typically Bulgarian, Byzantine and Eastern Orthodox ornamental elements, by the architects Petko Momchilov and Friedrich Grünanger in 1904–1905 and approved on 30 January 1906, as projects by an Austrian (in 1889) and a French architect (in 1901) were declined. The raw construction was finished in 1908 and a Bulgarian company constructed the complex roof and

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456-515: The 16th century. During the visit of Bohemian traveler Hans Dernschwam to Sofia in 1553–1555, Derschwam noted the presence of 1 large bath and 2 smaller baths on either side of the city. Dernschwam described the baths as follows: The baths are located on the square; there is a big quadrangular building in front by the entrance, with a round Greek -style dome on top, like the Pantheon in Rome . It

494-615: The 1989 local government reform which changed the population threshold for city status to 50,000. Mississauga City Centre Mississauga City Centre is the downtown of Mississauga , Ontario, Canada. The district runs west-to-east from west of Confederation Parkway to east of Hurontario Street , and east-west from south of Webb Drive to Centre View Drive. The newer urban corridor developing along Confederation Parkway between Rathburn Road and Burnhamthorpe Road consists of residential highrise buildings. The city's financial district, centred along Hurontario Street and Robert Speck Parkway,

532-493: The Mississauga Executive Centre in 1976. In 1986, Shipp worked with the Mathews Corporation to open a Novotel hotel, which is today still the only hotel in the city centre. When McLaughlin's corporation ran into financial difficulties in the late 1970s, Mayor Hazel McCallion proposed that an iconic new city hall with a large civic square be built. Groundbreaking took place in 1984 for the new facility, and it

570-905: The building was closed due to its bad condition and the possible collapse of the roof. It was subsequently partially reconstructed and thoroughly cleaned, and has accommodated the Sofia Historical Museum since September 2015. City center A city centre is the commercial , cultural and often the historical, political , and geographic heart of a city . The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English , and closely equivalent terms that exist in other languages, such as " centre-ville " in French, Stadtzentrum in German, or shìzhōngxīn ( 市中心 ) in Chinese. In

608-500: The case for cities situated by water), but is located well inland. Instead, the city's urban waterfront is located in Port Credit, one of Mississauga's original historic townsites,6 km (3.7 mi) south along Hurontario Street. Originally there was an octagonal ring road encircling Square One Shopping Centre, but later changes to the street pattern as development progressed resulted in parts of it being incorporated into

646-588: The catalyst for the development of the new city centre. Mississauga's first mayor, Martin Dobkin , as well as then-future mayor Hazel McCallion , wanted the city centre developed in Cooksville, the municipality's most central historic community, by intensification , but the popularity of the mall (as well as the location of the civic centre), enticed developers, such as Ignat Kaneff and Harold Shipp , to construct condominium and office projects around it, such as

684-417: The city centre and the CBD are geographically separately identified. The term "CBD" is not often used in the capital Canberra , where the primary activity is government; its "city centre" is usually identified as the district called " City " or "Civic". In Chinese , the urban centre of a city is called the "city centre" or "urban core" ( Chinese : 市中心 ; pinyin : shì zhōngxīn ). In many cities, it

722-421: The city centre at 4180 Duke of York Boulevard at Rathburn Road. Its first phase opened in 2011. TriOS College also has a small campus at 55 City Centre Drive. Celebration Square is home to festivals and concerts, as well as frequent movie screenings for the downtown core's residents to enjoy. During the spring and summer, farmer's markets can be found. Additionally, food trucks, a sports field, an amphitheatre,

760-483: The city centre will only partially overlap, if at all. A city centre is often the first settled part of a city, which can make it the most historical part of a city. In most Australian cities, the city centre to some extent coincides with the central business district , with the result that "the City", "city centre", and "central business district" or "CBD" are regarded as near-synonyms. However, in some Australian cities,

798-426: The city centre. Amsterdam is a clear example of the city centre and the central business district not being the same area. The city centre of Amsterdam is Centrum , the historical heart of the city, but the CBD areas of Amsterdam are Omval in the southeast and Zuidas , in the south. Additionally, Westpoort serves as the city's industrial park . Because of the bombardment of Rotterdam during World War II, with

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836-456: The city's skyline, and define Mississauga's downtown core as the gold standard in modern urban development. The exchange district is a large 4-tower development located centrally on Burnhamthorpe road between Confederation Parkway and Hurontario Street. It consists of 4 residential buildings, with heights of 72, 60, 42, and 30 stories respectively. It will include over 2 million square feet of space, including commercial, retail, dining, offices and

874-408: The core is a modern and fully planned greenfield development, rather than a traditional city downtown which grew over a long period of time. As such, its boundaries are sharp and there is no transitional inner city between it and the surrounding suburban areas. In addition, despite Mississauga being located on Lake Ontario , the city centre is not located on or near the waterfront (as is typically

912-472: The fledgling city grew, several midrise condominium buildings were constructed at the corner of Hurontario Street and Burnhamthorpe Road, overlooking the then-new Square One Shopping Centre. The city centre spread northwest from the intersection over the next several decades, until the mid 2010s when the new urban centre was catalyzed by the Chicago tower and One Park Tower. As a result being a suburban downtown,

950-569: The larger M City development (see below). Further east stands the residential Absolute World complex, located at the northeast corner of Burnhamthorpe and Hurontario. It consists of six towers, with its iconic main twin towers, nicknamed "the Marilyn Monroe " because of their curvy shape, standing 50 and 56 storeys. Other residential towers include Avia at Parkside Village, Square One District, The Exchange District, One Park Tower , and Chicago. Projects currently under construction include

988-525: The loss of its historical core, the city centre and the CBD are the same area in Rotterdam . City centre and central business district are used interchangeably in New Zealand for any urban area that had city status prior to the 1989 local government reorganisation which saw many city councils amalgamate with surrounding boroughs, counties and towns to form larger districts. Prior to 1989, city status

1026-505: The mineral water conduit. The baths opened on 13 May 1913, but the building was completely finished after 2 more years and a garden was arranged in front of the baths. Artists Haralampi Tachev and St. Dimitrov designed the building's ceramic majolica decoration. The north wing was damaged during the bombing of Sofia in World War II , but was restored several years later. The baths continued to work as public baths until 1986, when

1064-548: The multi-tower M City Condominiums , Avia, and Exchange District Condos. M City is a landmark 8 tower mega-project located on the southwest quadrant of Confederation and Burnhamthorpe. The first two towers are complete as of 2024 and stand at a height of just under 200 m (656 ft) each, with the third tower, M3, under construction. Upon completion, M3 will be the tallest building in Mississauga at nearly 260 m (853 ft) or 81 stories. Additionally, it will be

1102-740: The political and cultural centre of the city, but Beijing's CBD sits in Chaoyang District , to the east of the historical city; Shanghai 's city centre was defined by the Old Chinese City , the International Settlement and the French Concession and sat on the west bank of the Huangpu River , whereas the modern financial district is concentrated on Lujiazui , a newly developed area across

1140-593: The present City Centre Drive and Duke of York Boulevard or being replaced by Square One Drive. The early developments in the city centre were mostly office buildings set in the middle of parking lots or condominiums constructed in tower in the park settings, as was the typical before the new urbanism principle was applied in the city centre planning area. Two of these office developments (including Mississauga's second Civic Centre) have since been demolished and have been or are being replaced with new projects. The intersection of Hurontario Street and Burnhamthorpe Road

1178-456: The river from the traditional city centre (although parts of the traditional city centre remain key financial and business centres). The Hebrew term for "city centre" is a direct translation: "מרכז העיר" (merkaz ha'ir); however it is used inconsistently in different cities throughout Israel due to their extremely varied topographies and urban designs. In Dutch, the terms binnenstad , centrum , stadscentrum , or stadskern are used to describe

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1216-566: The tallest building in Canada outside Toronto. M4, standing at 216 m (708 ft) will be the city's most technologically advanced residential building, having won several awards for excellence in design and technology. M5 is the development's shortest building, standing only at 123 m (403.5 ft) or 36 stories. The remaining three towers form "The Three Sisters", a trio of matching towers, standing at 194, 175, and 159 m (439.5, 574, and 126 ft) respectively. This development aims to redefine

1254-450: The terminal via a spur along Rathburn Road. The four key arteries in the city centre are Hurontario Street, Confederation Parkway, Burnhamthorpe Road, Rathburn Road. The former two run north-south and the latter east-west. Secondary streets such as City Centre drive, Centre View drive and Duke of York boulevard are smaller roads in the core. Duke of York Boulevard and Square One Drive intersect south of Rathburn road, at which location exists

1292-430: Was given an additional boost that year after a fire badly damaged the newly incorporated Town of Mississauga's municipal offices in the nearby community of Cooksville , prompting the municipality to move its offices (a move that was already being contemplated) to a new building constructed on a plot of land in the area exchanged with McLaughlin for the old Cooksville property. In 1973, Square One opened, and it provided

1330-631: Was granted to a town or borough with a population greater than 20,000. In everyday language, New Zealanders often refer to city centres as going to "town". Wellington metropolitan area has 4 respective city centres in Wellington , Lower Hutt , Porirua and Upper Hutt whereas Auckland metropolitan area has 2 city centres in Auckland and Manukau . Timaru has a "city centre" whereas towns larger than it such as Blenheim or Pukekohe have "town centres" as they did not achieve city status prior to

1368-505: Was once the site of a rural hamlet named Payne's Corners. Prior to 1973, the area was predominantly agricultural. In the 1950s, developer Bruce McLaughlin began buying up farms in the area as he envisioned the-then mostly rural Toronto Township, as Mississauga was then known, becoming a future major city (at the time, suburban growth was already spilling over from Metropolitan Toronto ) with a new urban core. To get his envisioned core started, he proposed building Square One in 1969. The new core

1406-598: Was opened in July 1987, with the Duke and Duchess of York being present at the opening ceremonies. Mississauga City Centre today has a large number of high-rise buildings, the most of any city in Ontario aside from Toronto itself. Additionally, it has several more under construction and planned. Most of this newer growth has occurred west of City Hall in the new urban centre, located along Confederation Parkway, in an area that

1444-461: Was the last sector to develop but which has now become the most densely populated area in the core, and that most resembles a stereotypical downtown streetscape, with cafés, restaurants, and services lining the street. One of the earliest built and most prominent buildings in the city centre include the aforementioned City Hall. As of 2023, the tallest are the twin M1 and M2 towers. These towers are part of

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